人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册 学案Unit3 Sports and fitness单元考点突破（有答案）

名师原创：Unit3 单元考点突破
●词汇精讲
1. event n. 重大事件；（发生的）事情；比赛项目；体育比赛
【原句再现】
In this unit, you will hear and talk about sports events and sportsmanship.
【词块积累】
a team event 团体赛项目
field and track events 田径赛项目
at all events=in any events 无论怎样，无论如何
in the event 结果，到头来
in the event of…= in the event (that)… 如果…发生；倘若
【精品例句】
It is easy to be wise after the event. 事后诸葛的人都会做
The first time Venus played in a big event was in 1996.
维纳斯首次参加大型联赛是在1996年
The 2008 Olympic Games is the biggest sporting event ever held in Beijing.
2008年冬奥会是北京有史以来举办的最大规模的体育赛事
At all events we will carry the struggle through to the end.
无论如何，我们都会拼搏到底
I got very nervous about the exam, but in the event, I needn’t have worried; It was really easy. 我对考试提醒吊胆，但其实我本不必担心，这次考试的确很容易
【高考链接】
In the event _______ she has not been informed, I will tell her.（山东卷） (that)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入正确的介词或括号内单词的正确形式
In the event _______ an accident, call this number. (of)
2. come along 跟随；到达；进步；赶快；出现
【原句再现】
Would you like to come along
【词块积累】
come up (with) 想出；提出
come about 发生
come across 穿过(路、桥)；(偶然)遇见；发现
come out出来；(书等)出版；发行
come to…苏醒；总计；达到；谈到
When it comes to... 当谈到……
【精品例句】
She wants to come along with us to the movie. 她想跟我们一起去看电影
It was lucky you came along. 真幸运你来了
Come along or we'll miss the train. 快点，不然就误火车了
A chance like this doesn't come along every day. 像这样的机会不是每天都有的
Something unexpected came up at the meeting yesterday.
昨天会议上出现了一些意外的事情。
【高考链接】
That magazine comes _____ once a month. （湖北卷）(out)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
How did this crazy situation come ______ (about)
3. track vt. 跟踪，追踪；n.足迹，轨道，车辙，小路，跑道
【原句再现】
Track Meet: A great event for track-and-field lovers on 26 October.
【词块积累】
follow one’s tracks 跟踪某人
a single/double track 单/双轨
track events 径赛项目
keep track of…与…保持联系；了解…动态
lose track of…失去…线索；与…失去联系；忘记
【精品例句】
We saw wild animals’ tracks near the cave. 在岩洞附近，我们看到了野生动物的足迹
It takes me only a few minutes to walk to school down a muddy track.
我只要沿着一天泥泞的小路不行几分钟就到学校了
They ran five times round the track. 他绕跑道跑了五圈
They read the newspapers every day to keep track of current events.
他们每天阅读报纸，以了解时事
The police have lost track of the criminals. 警方已失去罪犯的线索
I had so much fun that I lost track of time. 我玩得很愉快，以至于忘了时间
【高考链接】
At last, I lost track ____ my good friend. ( 陕西卷) (of)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I have been keeping track ___ Mary in England for these years. (of)
4. work out锻炼；算出；解决；制订出；产生结果
【原句再现】
Come and work out at a gym.
【词块积累】
work on…从事于…；致力于….
work for…为…工作
work as… 充当；担任
work hard at …努力学习…
out of work 失业
at work 在工作，在运转
【精品例句】
I work out regularly to keep fit. 为了保持健康，我定期锻炼
You have to work out a plan as quickly as possible.
我们必须尽快制定出一个计划来
You can work out the answer by adding all the numbers.
通过把所有的数字加起来，你可以算出答案
Tom came up with a way to work out the physical problem.
汤姆提出了一个解决这个物理问题的方法
【高考链接】
Marty ____ (work) really hard on his book and he thinks he’ll have finished it by Friday. （陕西课改卷） (has been working)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
We can’t predict everything. Often things don’t work _____ as you expect. (out)
5. make it 获得成功；准时到达；出现
【原句再现】
You can make it.
【词块积累】
make a mistake 犯错误
make an impression 留下印象
made in China 中国制造
make money/a fortune/profit挣钱/发财/获利
make a rule/poem制定规章/作诗
make a living=make one’s living= earn a living=earn one’s living 谋生
make sb. do sth. 使/让某人做某事
make sb/sth done 使某人/某物被….
make sb/sth + adj/prep/n. 使某人/某物处于….
me made from/of… 由…制造；用….为原料制取
make …into… 把…变成…
make out 看清楚；理解；装作/假装；列出/写出
make up 组成；编写/编造；为…化妆/打扮；和解/讲和
make up for… 弥补
【精品例句】
She let me see that making others feel good made me feel good, too.
她让我明白了使他人开心也会使自己开心
They were made to work for long hours. 他们被迫工作很长时间
She tried to make herself understood while giving her talk.
演讲时，她尽量表达清楚自己的意思
The film made him a star. 这部电影使他成为明星
In the Middle ages the houses were made of wood. 中世纪时，房子是由木头建造的
Early paper in China was made from bamboo. 中国早期的纸是由竹纤维制成的
We can make your room into a study. 我们可以把你的房间变成书房
Can you make out what he is saying 你能理解他说的内容吗？
I can’t make out the words on the blackboard. 我看不清黑板山的字
We should make up for the lost time. 我们应该弥补失去的时间
They quarreled seriously several times but finally they made up and became best friends.
他们很厉害地吵了几次，但最后言归于好，成了好朋友
He made some excuses to cheat others. 他编造了一些借口欺骗他人
She made it in films when she was still a teenager. 她十几岁时就在电影上面获得了成功
【高考链接】
Caroline doesn’t have a gift for music, but she ____ it with hard work.(全国卷)
A. goes back on B. take away from C. make up for D. catch up with (C)
American Indians _____ about five percent of the US population. (浙江卷)
A. fill up B. bring up C. make up D. set up (C)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Sarah made ____ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning. (it)
The idea puzzled me so much that I stopped for a few seconds to try to make ___. (out)
6. set an example 树立榜样
【原句再现】
They must be athletes who are masters in their sports and also set good examples for others.
【词块积累】
follow sb.'s example学某人的样子
be an example to sb. 成为某人的榜样
for example = for instance例如
make an example of sb. 惩罚某人以警告他人；杀一儆百
give an example 举例
【精品例句】
You should be setting an example to/for your little brother.
你应该为你弟弟树立榜样
We should follow Jim's example and work hard.
我们应该以吉姆为榜样，努力工作
Lei Feng set an example to us in serving the people heart and soul.
雷锋为我们树立了全心全意为人民服务的榜样
The teacher made an example of the student who had copied his deskmate's answers during the finals. 老师惩罚了这个在期末考试中抄袭同桌答案的学生
【高考链接】
We Chinese people are all called on to learn from Lei Fen，who we think sets a good example ____ all of us.（陕西卷） (for/to)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
We made many improvements to our house；____ example，we painted the walls and bought new carpet. (for)
7. honor v．向……表示敬意；给给予…荣誉；表彰；履行(职责/协议等) n．荣誉，荣幸，光荣; 尊敬，敬意；光荣的人或事；荣誉称号
【原句再现】
As a player，Lang Ping brought honour and glory to her country.
【词块积累】
honorable可敬的; 光荣的
achieve attain / gain honor 获得荣誉
hold sb. in honor尊敬某人
have the honor of (doing) sth.有幸做某事
in honor of sb / in sb's honor为向某人表示敬意;为纪念某人
(be) honored to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸
【精品例句】
The athletes competed for the honor of their countries.
运动员为自己国家的荣誉而比赛
We had a great party to show honor to the famous scientist.
我们举办了一个盛大的晚会以表示对这位伟大科学家的敬意
I feel it a great honor to be invited. 承蒙邀请，深感荣幸
She was chosen for the national honor of Teacher of the Year.
她荣获全国“年度最佳教师”称号
May I have the honor of this dance 可以赏光和我跳这支舞吗
A ceremony was held in those soldiers' honor
人们举行了一个仪式来纪念那些战士
Next month the city will open a new park to honor those who died in the terrible disaster下个月本市将开放一座新公园，以纪念此次重大灾难中的遇难者
She has been honored with the Star of the Week for her excellent work.
因为出色的工作，她荣获“每周之星”的称号
I feel very honored to have been able to take on this role.
能够担当这一角色,我感到非常荣幸
【高考链接】
I feel greatly honored _______ (welcome) into their society. (北京卷) (to be welcomed)
It is _______ honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school . (江西课改卷) (my / an)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
She’s ______ honor to her family and her country. (an)
We celebrate Mother's Day ________ honor of our mothers. (in)
I _______ (honor) to have been mentioned in his speech. (was honored)
8. determination n. 决定; 决心;果断
【原句再现】
When the Chinese team was preparing for the 2015 World Cup，her determination was tested.
【词块积累】
determine vt. & vi决心; 决意; 确定; 查明; vt是…的决定因素; 影响
determined adj. 决意的; 坚决的;坚定的
a determined look. 坚定的神情
a determined young man 意志坚定的年轻人
carry out the plan with determination坚决执行计划
sb. (be) determined to do sth. 某人决心/决定做某事
sb. determine to do sth. 某人决心/决定做某事
【精品例句】
The important thing in life is to have a great aim, and the determination to attain it.
人生最重要的事情是确定一个伟大的目标，并下定决心去实现它
Demand determines supply.需求决定供给
Investigators are still trying to determine what caused the fire.
调查人员仍在设法找出失火的原因
It is your efforts, not your intelligence, that determine your success.
决定成功的是努力而非智力
She determined that nothing should be changed in her report.
她决意不对自己的报告作任何修改
We determined on an early start.我们决定早点出发
He has determined on going tomorrow.他已决定明天去
She gave me a determined look - the kind that said she wouldn’t change her mind.
她给了我一个坚定的眼神 表明她是不会改变主意的
Amazed at how skilful they were, I was determined to be just as good.
惊奇于他们的技术是如此娴熟，我决心要跟他们一样优秀
【高考链接】
If we have the courage and _____________ (determine), we will finally get the sunshine we want. (北京卷) (determination)
My father ________ (determine) that none of his children would be denied an education. (福建新课改卷) (was determined)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I determine _______ (make) more efforts to improve my English. (to make)
9. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃
【原句再现】
The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.
【词块积累】
all down 摔倒
fall off 从……掉下来
fall behind 落后；跟不上
fall over 跌倒；绊倒
fall into 养成；染上
【精品例句】
With the Qing Dynasty falling apart，it was replaced by a new system.
随着清朝的瓦解，取而代之的是一个新的制度
They used to be close friends，but fell apart not long ago.
她们曾经是亲密的朋友，但不久前关系破裂了
I think this old chair is falling apart.
我觉得这把旧椅子要散架了
【高考链接】
The old man fell the steps of a building and was injured. (湖北卷) (off)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Children of some families have fallen _____ the habit of playing computer games. (into)
10. lose heart 丧失信心；泄气
【原句再现】
Losing two important players was a big challenge，but Lang Ping did not lose heart.
【词块积累】
lose one's heart to sb./sth. 　爱上某人/某物
put one's heart into…一心扑在……上
learn sth.by heart 背诵；记牢……
strike...into one's heart使……刻骨铭心
heart and soul全心全意地
from the bottom of sb.'s heart 从某人的心底
【精品例句】
Though beaten by the opposite team，they didn't lose heart.
虽然被对方球队击败，但他们没有丧失信心
Even though your research appears to be at a dead end now，you shouldn't lose heart but keep on trying.
即使你们的研究现在似乎陷入了僵局，你们还是不应该泄气，而要继续进行下去。
Please don't lose heart；you still have chances.
请不要灰心，你还有机会。
【高考链接】
Nowadays, many doctors and nurses are serve the people ____ and soul. (全国卷) (heart)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The boy lost his heart ___ science books when he was a child. (to)
11. failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物)
【原句再现】
Jordan says that the secret to his success is learning from his failures.
【词块积累】
end in failure 以失败告终
heart failure心脏衰竭
fail v. 失败；未能；失灵；不足；缺乏；突然失去
fail to do... 未能做……
fail in... 在……失败
温馨提示：failure作“失败”讲时是不可数名词，表示抽象意义；作“失败者，失败的事”讲时是可数名词，表示具体意义。这种用法被称为“抽象名词的具体化”。
类似用法的词有：success(成功/成功的人或事); danger（危险/危险的人或事）; death（死亡/死者）; victim（牺牲/牺牲者）; pleasure（快乐/乐事）; surprise（吃惊/吃惊的事）; honor（光荣/光荣的事）; adventure（冒险/冒险经历）; business（生意/企业）; beauty（美丽/美人）; experience（经验/经历）; pity（遗憾/遗憾的事）等
【精品例句】
It was evident that the policy was a failure.
很明显，这个政策是失败的
A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help shape your year ahead.
年终时快速回顾一年的成功和失败将有助于你决定来年的发展。
The art show was far from a failure；it was a great success.
这次艺术展览不但没有失败，反而是一个巨大的成功
【高考链接】
Make certain that you learn from ______ (fail) and then use what you have learned in future situations. (陕西卷) (failure)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
His success was a long story，but in brief，he succeeded after many ____ (fail). (failures)
_____ success Lang Ping has made in volleyball is admirable. That is to say, she is ___ success as a player, coach and a person. (The, a)
12. give up 放弃；投降
【原句再现】
Losing games taught him to practice harder and never give up.
【词块积累】
give away 分发；赠送；泄露
give back 归还
give off 发出 (光、热、声音、气味等)
give out 分发；用完/耗尽
give in 屈服/投降；让步；上交
【精品例句】
I tried to persuade him to give up smoking，but failed.
我试图说服他戒烟，但失败了
She realized she was wrong and gave up the argument.
她意识到她错了，便停止了争论
She decided to give up her job and start a coffee bar.
她决定辞去工作，开一家咖啡馆。
【高考链接】
Many graduates volunteered to give _________ some of their books to children in poor mountainous areas. ( 陕西卷) (away)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Once you have made up your mind to do something，you'd better not give ___. (up)
My mother is so stubborn that I can never persuade her to give ____ . (in)
13. sense n. (五种)感官(之一)；(内心的)感受; 意识；理解力; 判断力；见识; 通情达理；理智; 心智；意思; 意义；vt. 感觉到; 察觉到
【原句再现】
That doesn’t make any sense.
【词块积累】
senseless adj. 失去知觉的; 无意义的;不 明智的
sensible adj. 明智的; 合理的; 可觉察到的
sensitive adj. 敏感的; 易受影响的; 善解人意的; 体恤的; 灵敏的
the sense of sight/hearing/taste/touch视/听/味/触觉
a sense of loss / responsibility失落感/责任感
dress sense着装鉴赏力
a sense of direction/rhythm/humor方向/节奏/幽默感
common sense常识
a man of sense通情达理的人
come to one's senses恢复理性; 苏醒
lose one's senses失去理智
in a sense = in a way从某种意义上说
in no sense决不
make sense讲得通; 有道理; 合乎情理
make sense of弄懂..的意思
there is no sense in (doing) sth (做) 某事是没道理的/没有意义的
fall senseless失去知觉
a senseless argument无意义的争论
a sensible answer/option明智的回答/选择
a highly sensitive topic高度敏感的话题
【精品例句】
The dog has a keen / strong sense of smell. 狗具有敏锐的嗅觉
He gets a great sense of fulfillment from his work.
他从工作中获得了极大的成就感
There’s a lot of sense in what she says. 她说的话很有见地
He tried to memorize the sense of every word and phrase.
他试图记住每个词语的意思
He was a true friend, in every sense of the word.
无论从哪方面看， 他都是个真正的朋友
He writes stories all the time, so in a sense, he's a writer.
他总是在写故事，因此从某种意义上说， 他是个作家
In no sense do I agree with this suggestion. 我决不赞成这个建议
(温馨提示：in no sense用于句首时，句子用部分倒装语序, 请观察上面这个例句)
The hotel was in no sense comfortable. 这家酒店一点儿也不舒适
Planning so far ahead makes no sense -- so many things will have changed by next year. 提前这么久做计划没有意义，许多事情到第二年可能都已经变了
It makes sense to work on the problem before it gets out of control.
在形势失控之前着手解决这个问题是明智之举
Can you make any sense of this article 你能看懂这篇文章吗
There’s no sense in getting upset about it now. 现在没有必要为这件事烦恼
The deer sensed the danger and ran into the woods. 小鹿察觉到危险，跑进了树林
She sensed that she was being watched. 她察觉到有人在监视自己
You will need to be patient and sensitive to others. 你需要有耐心并体谅他人
There s no doubt that the consumers are still very sensitive to the p rice.
毫无疑问，消费者仍然对价格十分敏感
Of all the animals I've ever had, these two dogs are the most sensitive to the spoken word. 在我养过的所有动物中，这两只狗对口头语言最敏感
【高考链接】
1. See, your computer has broken down again! It doesn't ______ sense to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. (天津卷)
A. have B. make C. display D. bring (B)
2. Dogs have a very good _____ of smell and are often used to search for survivors in an Earthquake. (浙江卷)
A. sense B. view C. means D. idea (A)
3. What's the _____ of having a public open space where you can't cat, drink or even simply hang out for a while (福建卷) (A)
A. sense B. matter C. case D. opinion
4. Compared with his sister, Jerry is even more _____ to, and more easily troubled by, emotional and relationship problems. (江苏卷)
A. sceptical B. addicted C. available D. sensitive (D）
【考点训练】
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
I am sure David will be able to find the library -- he of direction. has a pretty good _______ of direction.
A. idea B. feeling C. experience D. sense (D)
14. pretend vi. & vt. 假装；装作
【原句再现】
A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team.
【词块积累】
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
pretend to sb. that… 对某人假装某事
【精品例句】
What’s the good of pretending 假装有什么用呢？
When his mother came in, he pretended to be doing his homework.
妈妈进来时，他假装在做作业
He pretended to his family that everything was fine.
他对家人假装一切都好
【高考链接】
He pretended __ (beat) when his parents came to the school. (陕西卷) (to be beaten)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The two students pretended ___ their teacher that they had finished their homework. (to)
pare to 与……相比，和……比起来
【原句再现】
Finally, I stopped comparing myself with actresses and models and looking for things that were wrong with my face or body.
【词块积累】
comparison n. 比较；比拟
compare A with/to B.　把A同B作比较
compare A to B. 把A比作B
compare A and B 对比A和B
beyond/without compare. 无与伦比的，不可比的
compare notes with sb. 与某人交换意见
make a comparison between sb./sth. 对某人/某物进行比较
【精品例句】
We often made decisions by comparing information.
我们经常通过对比信息来做决定
Compare this to that, and you’ll see which is better.
把这个和那个对比，你能看出哪个更好
By/In comparison with last year, the price of beef has increased.
与去年相比，牛肉的价格上涨了
She is tall，compared to most of her classmates.
与她大多数同学相比，她算很高了
Film has a much shorter history，especially when compared to such art forms as music and painting.
电影的历史相对较短，尤其是和像音乐和绘画这样的艺术形式相比
Compared to cars，bicycles cause no environmental problems.
与汽车相比，自行车不会造成环境问题。
【高考链接】
Film has a much shorter history, especially when ______ (compare) to such art forms as music and painting. (全国课改卷) (compared)
Worst of all, I get a larger quantity of home work, ________ (compare). (福建卷) (compared)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Nothing can compare _____ mother’s love. (with)
16. rather adv. 相当; 颇; 相反地; 反而
【原句再现】
Once I started thinking about fitness rather than weight, things began to change.
【词块积累】
a rather cold day/rather a cold day颇冷的一天
(or) rather更确切地说
rather than而不（是）
would rather.. (than)宁愿/宁可..(而不..)
a rather moving story/rather a moving story十分感人的故事
pretty good=fairly good=quite good相当好
温馨提示：pretty/fairly/quite不与动词连用，也不与too及比较级连用, quite 必须放不定冠词前面；rather 可与too和比较级连用，可放在不定冠词前或后
【精品例句】
She fell and hurt he r leg rather badly. 她跌倒了，腿伤得相当严重
Its not cold. Rather, it's very hot. 天气不冷，反倒是很热
The problem is not their lack of funding, but rather their lack of planning.
问题不在于他们缺少资金， 而在于缺乏计划
He worked till late last night, or rather, early this morning.
他昨晚一直工作到深夜，更确切地说， 是到今天凌展
It is better to express your anger, rather than bottle it up.
将怒气发泄出来更好，而不要憋在心里
--What about going climbing again this weekend 这个周末再去爬山怎么样
--I'd rather not. I'd rather stay cosy and read my novel.
我不愿意去，我宁愿舒舒服服地待着读小说
She would rather die than give in. 她宁死不屈
It’s getting late. I'd rat her (that) you left now天很晚了，你现在该走了
(温馨提示：would rather后的that从句要用虚拟语气。从句用“一般过去时”表示现在或将来的情况; 用 “过去完成时”表示过去的情况, 请观察以下两个句子)
Don't come tomorrow. I'd rather you came next weekend.
明天别来，我希望你下个周末来
I'd rather you hadn't told my mother the truth. 我真希望你没有把真相告诉我妈妈
This book is rather too difficult for the juniors and rather too easy for the seniors.
这本书对低年级学生来说太难, 对高年级学生来说又太简单
Her mother is rather better today. 她母亲今天好多了
【高考链接】
1. What we expect from you is working hard ______ hardly working. (安徽卷)
A. less than B. rather than C. as well as D. as much as (B)
2. If what your friend comes up with surprises you don't reject it immediately. _____, imagine that it is true. (浙江卷)
A. Thus B. Besides C. Rather D. Otherwise (C)
3. It was a nice house, but too small for a family of five. (天津卷)
A. rarely B. fairly C. rather D. pretty (C)
【考点训练】
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
4. -- Will you join us in the game --Thank you, _________
A. but why not B. but I'd rather not. C. and I won't. D. and I’ll join. (B)
●本单元其它重要考点
17. make a difference(to…)有作用；有影响
I had no idea the letter could make such a difference!. (教材)
Whatever she says will not make any difference to our arrangements.
18. cut.. out 停止做/使用/食用； 剪下；删掉；剪出
Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals. (教材)
I cut this article out of the newspaper.
She cut out a dress of some old material for me.
19. now and then=every now and then=now and again = from time to time时而，偶尔
I could still have a burger now and then, but I would add a salad or an apple.(教材)
Snakes come near the house now and then.
Now and again he still visits me.
●句型点拨
1. 过去完成时
【原句再现】
One of the best players had been injured，and the team captain had to leave because of heart problems.
句式分析：had been injured是过去完成时的被动语态。过去完成时指先于过去某动作发生前完成的动作，即“过去的过去”，用“had＋过去分词”表示。在这里，had been injured与后半句the team captain had to leave...形成参照，指这名优秀队员受伤在前，队长因心脏问题离队在后。
过去完成时的被动语态的三种形式：
※肯定结构：主语＋had been done＋其他成分
※否定结构：主语＋had not been done＋其他成分
※疑问句结构：had＋主语＋been done＋其他成分
【句式拓展】
hope，plan，want，mean等用过去完成时表示未实现的愿望，计划和打算等
Hardly/Scarcely had sb. done...when 一……就……
No sooner had sb. done...than一……就……
by，by the end of，by the time，until，before，since后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句时，主句用过去完成时。
It/That was the...time that从句时，从句用过去完成时。表示“是第几次做某事”。
【精品例句】
By the time I rushed to the station，the train had already left.
当我赶到火车站时，火车已经开走了。
She had finished her homework before she started to read the novel.
她在开始看小说之前就已经完成了作业。
I had gone out when you called me.
你给我打电话时我已经出门了。
【高考链接】
The police found that the house _________ (break)into and a lot of things stolen. (山东卷) (had been broken)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He said 15 people _____ (injure)，two of them admitted to hospital. (had been injured)
He complained that this was the third time he ________ (inform) of the changes of the meeting. (had been informed)
2. 现在完成进行时
【原句再现】
The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago has been helping young people since 1996.
句式分析：本句主句时态为现在完成进行时，这一时态主要用于表示过去开始并一直延续的动作，可能刚刚停止，也可能还在进行。
【精品例句】
I have been ringing you several times in two days.这两天内我给你打过好几次电话
Because of illness，he has been lying in bed all day. 由于生病，他整天都躺在床上
Since the time humankind started gardening，we have been trying to make our environment more beautiful.
自从人类开创园艺工作以来，我们一直在努力使我们的环境更加美丽
Where have you been？We have been looking for you everywhere.
你刚才去哪里了？我们一直在到处找你
They have been building the bridge for two months.
两个月来他们一直在建桥
【高考链接】
The Chinese __________ (make) paper for nearly two thousand years. (湖北卷) (have been making)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I _________ (learn) English since three years ago. (have been learning)
●一般过去时（详见语法课件）
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