高考英语二轮复习——读后续写高级句型背诵学案（无答案）

"读后续写"背诵及仿写
高考"读后续写"要求文章中有适量的较复杂的词汇和语法结构，同时能有效地使用语句间的连接词，使全文结构连贯紧凑。下面的九种高级句型，如果你能在续写中加以使用，一定会让阅卷老师眼前一亮。
一．独立主格
当出现两个动作，而前后两个动作逻辑主语不一致时，便可使用独立主格（主要动作为谓语动词，次要动作为非谓语动词）。独立主格属于高级语法句，在书面语中可以使表达精准、简洁，是老外在书面表达中最常用的一种句型,，非常之地道。
①She opened the letter, her hands trembling with excitement.
主语 谓语（主要动作） 主语2 非谓语（次要动作）
A boy stood by the door, his hands covered with dirt.
With so many people helping her, she quickly finished her work.
He stood there, tears of gratitude welling up in his eyes.
"Don't stand in my way," Tim yelled out, his voice quivering with rage.
练习：1. 他和爸爸握了握手，两人同时交谈。
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随着我的学习被完成，我相信我能达到(live up to)你的期望。
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doing/done..., 主语+谓语...
当出现两个动作，而前后两个动作逻辑主语一致时，可将主要动作作为谓语动词，将次要动作为非谓语动词（分词形式），只保留主要动作的主语。如果逻辑主语和动作为主动关系，用现在分词doing形式；若为被动关系，用过去分词done形式。
①Hesitating for a while, Mark promised to Annie that he would work hard at his English.
非谓语（次要动作） 主语 谓语（主要动作）
Finding a clinic nearby, she went inside to see what happened.
After reaching home, he told everything to his brother.
Kneeling down, she gently held the girl in her arms.
Blamed by his teacher and laughed at by everyone, he felt rather upset and depressed.
练习：1. 听了这话，凯瑟琳跑得飞快。
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当我和妈妈一起装饰(decorate)房子时，我不小心摔坏了一个昂贵的花瓶(vase)。
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意识到我负担(afford)不起继续深造的事实，我不得不停止追逐(chase)我的梦想。
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在知道我的英语很好之后，他给了我一份打字的(type)工作，答应(promise)教我计算机，并提供住宿(accommodation)。
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三．主语+谓语..., doing...
和第二种句型一样，当出现两个动作，而前后两个动作逻辑主语一致时，可将主要动作作为谓语动词，将次要动作为非谓语动词，这个分词就作为伴随状语。
The girl began blowing her whistle, trying to get other’s attention。
主语 谓语（主要动作） 非谓语（次要动作）
She bravely approached him, handing him a bunch of red roses.
"It's OK," Mama said, comforting me with a hug.
I followed her, not believing my eyes.
妈妈总是鼓励我认真对待教育(take...seriously)，说这是我们成功的唯一途径。
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那个女人收拾好(pack up)自己的东西，迅速向大门走去。
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他双手捧着头坐着，不相信我的提议(建议).
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我站在那里，想知道我有多少次对像这位年轻母亲这样的陌生人做出反应。
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四．主+谓1..., 谓2..., and 谓3....
描述一系列的动作。同一个主语做了两个动作以上，可以用：主+谓...and(then) 谓...这可以进行大量的动作细节描写，完整的交代过程。
The adults put on performance, chatted, and said their goodbye.
主语 谓1 谓2 谓3
Grandma sighed and slowly turned towards the kitchen.
She thought for a while and then continued.
She turned around and saw me standing in the doorway.
女孩停止了啜泣(sob)，从女人身边退了(step)回来，开始唱歌。
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她登上(board)飞机，坐在座位上，寻找她的书。
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那个女人从他手里抓起最后一块饼干，怒视(glare at)着他.
五．表情感类的形容词, 主+谓...
情感类的形容词单独拎出来作状语，说明主语的状态，也是老外偏爱的句型。
Eager and excited, she flagged her yellow blouse, trying to attract others' attention.
To Annie's delight, surrounded by his classmates, Mark seemed like a rock star, cheerful and proud.
Jenny sat there, speechless and numb with shock.
Extremely worried, they decided to wait for them at this place.
愤怒和失望, 我转过身面对她。
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我站在客厅门口，完全震惊了。
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六．动词+副词(ly)
为了使动作精准，给读者在不在场时都有强烈的生动的画面感，经常放入句中用副词去修饰动词。
She picked up the baby gently, ran back outside and laid it on the sidewalk.
We listened to the teacher attentively in class.
She bravely followed the sound to an unknown place.
副词也可单独拎出来放在句首，修饰整个句子，在句中作状语。例如：
"Actually, I was touched by your kindness!" said Jenny, wiping her tears.
Amazingly, the boys recovered soon from the illness after being taken good care by his parents..
Fortunately, the cat was still alive, though badly injured.
她勇敢地靠近他，递给他一串(a bunch of)钥匙。
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她伸手去握住我的手，深深地望着我的眼睛。
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“我的姐姐刚刚去世，”她悲伤地说。
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副词也可单独拎出来放在句首，修饰整个句子，在句中作状语。例如：
难以置信的(难以置信的是), 当他照顾别人时，他感到自己一天比一天强壮。
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通常, 在这种尴尬的情况下，没有人会期望她讲话(give speech)。
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幸运的是，我能从旅馆的一位员工那里借到一把伞。
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时间状语，主+谓...
时间状语一般放在句末，但有些时间状语放在句首，能使行文连贯，逻辑合理。Shortly, afterwards, hours later, before long(不久以前), at that moment, after that, after seemingly a long time, in the meanwhile(同时), before I knew it...等。
For the first time in her life, Maria felt frightened and alone.
At the beginning of the competition, she was nervous. However, with her mother's encouragement, she had nothing to fear.
After seemingly a long time, Jane felt tired and lay down in the darkness.
过了很长一段时间，我父亲告诉我，他将在学校询问(inquire)此事。
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最终，突破(breakthrough)出现了：他能够自己呼吸、吃饭和使用iPad。
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一个月后，马克出现在波特尼的教室里。
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与此同时，特洛和他的妻子跳上汽车紧跟其后。
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主谓倒装
在英语写作中，倒装是个超级高级的句型，若能在你的作文写对一句，将会提升你的整个档次。
I could not persuade him to accept it, nor could I make him see the importance of it.
谓语 主语
At the front door stood her dear husband who suffered great anxiety
In his hand was a flower, with its petals(花瓣) all worn.
Try hard as he did, it seemed that he never did his work satisfactorily.
翻译：只有以这种方法，我们才能学好英语。
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Jane在之前的人生中从未体会过如此强烈的后悔之情。(Never…)
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华山山顶上坐落着(stand)一座寺庙。
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天这么黑，以至于他看不见同伴的脸。(So…that…)
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Jane太累了，以至于她一躺下就很快睡着了。 (So…that…)
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尽管他很努力的尝试，他却似乎永远不能令人满意地做这项工作。（although改成as）
改写：Though he studied hard, he still failed the exam.
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翻译：虽然他是个孩子，但他对电脑了解很多。
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九．虚拟语气
①后悔、遗憾： “ If I had not __过去分词__and gone into the _地方_, I wouldn’t have been trapped in the awful(窘迫的) situation now!” Jane was filled with regret and anxiety and gradually tears welled up in her eyes.
如果我没有做…和去了…，我就不会陷入如此窘迫的境地。 Jane 充满了后悔和焦虑，渐渐地眼泪湿了眼眶。
②绝望：I was almost on the edge(边缘) of break down. How I wished I had not +过去分词！
我几乎到了崩溃的边缘，我多么希望我没有做过…啊！
③感激： If it had not been for her help, I would not have过去分词. I owed(欠) all my luck to her！
如果不是因为他的帮助, 我不可能____。 我欠他恩情。
④生气、愤怒：“If you had been more careful, the thing would not have been so terrible!” I couldn’t contain(抑制) my anger and shouted at him！
如果你能小心点，事情也就不会这么糟糕,我不能抑制我的愤怒并大声对他喊道！
⑤成功：Had it not been for her sticking(坚持) to ____________, she wouldn’t have earned(得到) oneself __________ and more importantly built up an image (形象) of ____品格名词_____.
如果不是因为她对…的坚持，她不可能得到…，更重要的是塑造了一个…的形象。
⑥悔恨： If I should be given the opportunities to go back to the past, I would __动词原形___, instead of（而不是） living with this unbearable(无法承受的) regret and pain for the rest(剩余的) of my life.
如果我能有机会回到过去，我就会..怎么做...， 而不是余生生活在无法承受的悔恨和痛苦之中