人教版必修第三册 Unit3DiverseCultures SectionⅡ Reading and Thinking学生用书（有答案）

Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
每/日/金/句：In this society full of historical background and highly private secrets, human culture should be colorful.　
在这富有历史背景、富有高度私人秘密性的社会， 人类的文化应是多彩多姿的。
课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意
Task 1文本整体理解：理清文章架构
1.What's the main idea of this text
A．The history of San Francisco.
B．The geography of San Francisco.
C．The old buildings of San Francisco.
D．The diverse cultures of San Francisco.
2．Read the passage quickly and then fill in the blanks.
Task 2文本细节理解：探寻语篇细节理解
Read the text on Pages 28－29 carefully and then choose the best answer.
1．What does the word “definitely” in the first paragraph mean
A．Doubtfully.　 B．Only.
C．Certainly.　 D．Finally.
2．Where would the author go tomorrow evening
A．A café in Chinatown.
B．The Golden Gate Bridge.
C．Napa Valley.
D．A jazz bar in the Richmond District.
3．How does the author feel to be back in San Francisco
A．Wonderful. B．Tired.
C．Disappointed. D．Excited.
4．What is the type of the text
A．History novel. B．A home letter.
C．Travel journal. D．A book review.
Task 3文本理解：续写佳句
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to describe the environment.(细读短文并找出环境描写的句子)
(1)________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
(2)________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．Read the passage carefully and find the sentences to show how the United States was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures.(细读短文并找出展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的句子)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
精读课文　疏通理解障碍
[原文呈现]
Wednesday, 21 June
Today was my first day back in San Francisco after camping in the Redwood Forest and visiting the wine country of Napa Valley. I have to admit① that it definitely② feels good to be back in the city again[1]. And what a city—a city that was able to ③ rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred④ in 1906[2]. There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean, and the Golden Gate Bridge.
[1]本句为复合句。句中包含that引导的宾语从句。在宾语从句中it作形式主语，to be back in the city作真正的主语。
[2]本句中包含两个that引导的定语从句，指代先行词并在从句中作主语，不能省略。
My hotel is near downtown⑤， in the Mission⑥ District, one of the oldest parts of the city. Many of the people living here[3] are from Mexico or Central America. This district used to be⑦ a poor area of town, but is now a centre for art, music, and food. In fact, an art movement called the “Mission School”[4] started here. It's influenced by graffiti⑧ art and comic⑨ art. I walked around looking at the street art for a few hours[5]. It was quite modern and lively. Afterwards⑩， I ate some delicious Mexican Chinese noodles from a food truck. A real mix of cultures here!
[3]此处为现在分词短语作后置定语，因为被修饰词people 和 live之间存在主动关系，故用现在分词。
[4]此处为过去分词短语作后置定语，因为被修饰词 movement 和 call之间存在被动关系，故用过去分词。
[5]此处为现在分词短语作伴随状语。
In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California[6]. I learnt that America got California from Mexico in 1848. In the same year, gold was discovered near San Francisco, which started a gold rush [7]. Over 300, 000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune ， and San Francisco quickly became a big city. Many Chinese arrived during this period. To earn a living [8], some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown . Many others found jobs on farms, joined the gold rush, or went to build the railway that joined California to the eastern region of the country. The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures. When these immigrants left their countries, they carried a bit of home in their hearts, and built a new home here.
[6]此处为that 引导的定语从句，that可替换为 which, 但不能省略。
[7]此处为which引导的非限制性定语从句，which 指代主句的内容。
[8]此处为不定式短语作目的状语。
This evening, I went to Chinatown. There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from[9]. I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates. What great food!
[9]to choose from为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 cafés and restaurants。表示“从……中选择”时用 choose from。
That's enough for today. Tomorrow evening, I'm going to a jazz bar in the Richmond District. Can't wait！
[读文清障]
①admit/ d'm t/vi. &vt.
承认 vt.准许进入(或加入)
②definitely/'def n tli/ adv.
肯定；确实
③be able to 能，能够
④occur/ 'k (r)/ vi.发生；出现
It occurs/occurred to sb. that...某人忽然想到……
⑤downtown/ da n'ta n/ adv. 在市中心；往市中心
⑥mission/'m n/ n．传教(区)；
重要任务；使命
⑦used to be 过去常常是(暗含现在情况已发生变化的意思)
be/get used to (doing) sth.
习惯(做)某事
be used to do...被用来做……
⑧graffiti/ɡr 'fi ti/ n．/pl./
涂鸦；胡写乱画
⑨comic/'k m k/ n. 连环画杂志；漫画杂志；喜剧演员
adj. 滑稽的；使人发笑的
⑩afterwards/'ɑ ft w dz/
(NAmE usually afterward) adv. 以后；后来
a mix of ……的混合
head to (朝……) 前进；
(向……)去
head for/towards朝……前进
historical/h 'st r kl/ adj.
(有关)历史的；历史上的
a gold rush 淘金热
seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路；闯世界
seek/si k/ vt. &vi. (sought
/s t/，sought)寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
seek to do尝试/尽力做
seek advice from sb. 向某人征求建议
earn/make a living (＝earn/make one's living)谋生
earn/ n/ vt. &vi. 挣得；赚得；赢得；博得
open up 打开；开发；开始
Chinatown 唐人街，中国城
immigrant/' m ɡr nt/ n.
(外来) 移民；外侨
select/s 'lekt/ vt. 选择；挑选；选拔
selection n. 挑选，选拔
serve vt. 服务；端上(饭菜、茶等)
serve as充当
china/'t a n / n．瓷；瓷器
a china vase瓷花瓶
jazz/d z/ n．爵士乐
bar/bɑ (r)/ n．酒吧；小吃店；
小馆子
,
[参考译文]
6月21日，星期三
在红杉林露营并参观了纳帕谷酒乡后，今天是我回到旧金山的第一天。我不得不承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座得以在1906年发生地震后重建的城市。这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅；城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收眼底。
我住的旅馆靠近市中心，位于教会区，这是旧金山最古老的街区之一。住在这里的许多居民来自墨西哥或中美洲。这个区过去是城里的一个贫困区域，而现在是艺术、音乐和美食中心。事实上，一场名为“教会派”的艺术运动就发源于此。这一运动深受涂鸦艺术和漫画艺术的影响。一连好几个小时，我四处走着，欣赏街头艺术。这些艺术十分现代，也很生动。随后，我吃了一份快餐车售卖的美味的墨西哥式中国面。这真是文化的交融啊！
下午，我前往当地的一家博物馆，那里展示了加利福尼亚的历史变迁。我了解到，1848年美国从墨西哥手中得到加利福尼亚。同年，旧金山附近发现黄金，引发了淘金热。30多万人从世界各地蜂拥而至，在这里谋出路，旧金山迅速成为一座大都市。很多中国人也在这个时期来到此地。为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开商店和餐馆。更多的人则在农场打工、加入淘金大军，或者参与修建加利福尼亚通往美国东部地区的铁路。这家博物馆完美地展示了美国是如何由不同国家和文化的移民建设起来的。当这些移民离开他们的祖国时，心中装着一片故土，并在这里建立了新家园。
今晚，我去了唐人街。这里有很多不错的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。我挑了一家粤菜馆，他们端出来的菜肴是放在精美的瓷盘上的。太好吃了！
今天就写到这里吧。明天晚上，我要去里士满区的一家爵士酒吧。我已经迫不及待了！
自查语基　落实基本知能
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．a good idea ________ to sb. 某人忽然想起一个好主意
2．go ________ and do some shopping 去市中心购物
3．space ________ 太空任务
4．financial__________ 金融区
5．________ art 涂鸦艺术
6．________ art 漫画艺术
7．________ advice from sb. 寻求某人的建议
8．________ a Cantonese restaurant 选择一家广东餐馆
9．beautiful________ plates 美丽的瓷盘
10．a jazz________　　　 一家爵士乐酒吧
11．draw a________　 画一个图表
12．travel ________ 旅行日志
13．________ to have discovered a cure for the disease 声称发现了治疗这种疾病的方法
14．watch TV________　　 看电视连续剧
15．________ the cold winter 逃离寒冷的冬天
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．①________ the mistake 承认错误
②free ________ (n.) 免入场费
2．①a ________ answer 明确的答案
②________ (adv.)feel good　
确实感觉不错
3．①a long ________ 历史悠久
②take care of our ________ (adj.)buildings.
爱护有历史意义的建筑
③________ (adj.) changes 历史变迁
4．①________ some money 挣得一些钱
②live on ________ (n.) 靠收入为生
5．①a ________ problem 一个次要的问题
②a ________ (n.) village 一个少数民族村庄
Ⅲ.重点短语
1．________________ (朝……)前进；
(向……)去
2．__________________ 寻找成功致富之路；
闯世界
3．________________　 谋生
4．________________　　　 一系列或一连串(事件)
5．apart from　　 ________________
6．bring about ________________
7．open up　　　　 ________________
8．choose from　　 ________________
构词规律
1.名词后缀“ ity”，表示“性质， 状态， 程度”
diverse adj. →diversity n. 差异， 不同， 多样性
minor adj. →minority n. 少数民族， 少数派/人
able adj. →ability n. 能力
possible adj. →possibility n. 可能性
real adj. →reality n. 现实， 真实
2.“动词 ＋about”构成动词短语
bring about　　　　　　　　 导致； 引起
talk about　　　 谈论
set about　　　　 着手做
learn about　　 了解
care about　　　 关心； 在乎
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．[句型]It＋系动词＋adj. (＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.
[教材]I have to admit that ________________________in the city again.
我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
2．[句型]动词的 ing形式作后置定语
[教材]Many of the people ________________ are from Mexico or Central America.
这里的许多居民来自墨西哥或中美洲。
3．[句型]there be 句型
[教材]There were so many good cafés and restaurants________________．
有很多好的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
Ⅴ.理清复杂句式
1．[教材]And what a city — a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.
[分析]
ＢAnd, Ｂ—,
Ｓearthquake,
[翻译]　________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．Therearesomanybeautifuloldbuildings — manysittingontopofbighills, offeringgreatviewsofthecity, theocean, andtheGoldenGateBridge.
[分析]
Ｂ—,
Ｓofbighills，,
ＳGoldenGateBridge.,
[翻译]　________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识
1(教材P28)Ihavetoadmit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again.
我得承认，再次回到城里的感觉实在是太棒了。
◎admit　vi.&vt.承认　vt.准许进入(或加入)；容纳
(1)be admitted as... 作为……被接受
be admitted into/to... 被……录取
(2)admit sb./sth. as/to be... 承认某人/某事是……
admit doing/having done...　　 承认做了/过……
(3)admission n.　　 允许进入；入场费
[佳句]　Learning that you have been admitted into/to a key university, I am writing to congratulate you.
得知你已被一所重点大学录取，我写信祝贺你。
[练通]　 单句语法填空
①She apologised to me and admitted __________ (take) my umbrella by mistake.
②I had successfully got ________ (admit) to be a volunteer for 2022 Beijing Winter Olympic Games.
③I would like to apply for __________(admit)to Yale University in order to study for obtaining a graduate degree.
[写美]——一句多译
他眼里含着泪水，承认他在期末考试中作弊。(admit)
④With his eyes in tears，he ______________________________________________ in the end of term examination.
⑤With his eyes in tears，he ________________ he had cheated in the end of term examination.
◎句型公式：It＋系动词＋adj. (＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.
当不定式、动名词、从句等用作主语时，为了避免头重脚轻，通常在句首使用形式主语it，而把真正的主语放在句末。
It is/was/feels/seems ...＋adj.(＋for/of sb.)＋to do sth.
It is/was/feels/seems ...＋adj.＋that从句
It is/was＋n.＋doing sth.
[佳句]　It definitely feels good to be selected as one of the representatives in the activity.
被选为这个活动的代表之一感觉真是太好了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
⑥It is difficult for her ________ (keep) a balance between family and work.
⑦It's no harm ________ (drink) running water in that area.
[写美]——句型转换
⑧It is necessary that he should be sent there at once.
→________________________________ there at once.(简单句)
2(教材P28)And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906.多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座得以在1906年发生地震后重建的城市。
◎occur　vi.发生；出现
sth. occurs to sb. 某人突然想起某事
it occurs to/strikes/hits sb. that... 某人突然想到……
[佳句]　A good idea occurred to me while I was making fortune cookies.
做幸运曲奇时，我突然想到了一个好主意。
[写美]——一句多译
爸妈出门购物的时候， 我突然想到把房间彻底打扫一下。
①When my parents went out shopping, ________________________ I could give the rooms a thorough cleaning.
②When my parents went out shopping, ________________________ I could give the rooms a thorough cleaning.
③When my parents went out shopping, ________________________ I could give the rooms a thorough cleaning.
3(教材P28)In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California.下午，我前往一家当地博物馆，那里展示了加州的历史变迁。
◎head to　(朝……)前进；(向……)去
(1)head for/towards 朝……前进
head north/south 朝北/南走
(2)raise one's head 抬头
keep one's head 保持冷静
lose one's head 惊慌失措
hold one's head high 昂首挺胸
[佳句]　The person I respect most is my mother who headed to/for Shanghai without hesitation to fight against COVID 19.
我最尊敬的人是我妈妈，她毫不犹豫地前往上海抗击疫情。
[写美]——读后续写佳句
①准备好母亲节早餐后，这对双胞胎昂首挺胸，朝他们母亲的卧室走去。
After preparing the Mother's Day breakfast，the twins ________________________their mother's bedroom.[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写]
②她抬起头，眼里噙满了泪水。
She________________________ with tears welling up in her eyes.
4(教材P28)Over 300，000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune, and San Francisco quickly became a big city.世界各地30多万人蜂拥而至，在这里谋出路， 旧金山迅速成为一座大都市。
◎seek (sought, sought)vt. &vi. 寻找；寻求；争取；(向人)请求
(1)seek one's fortune 寻找成功致富之路；
闯世界
seek advice from... 向……征求建议
(2)seek after/for 追求，寻求
seek out 挑选出；找出
seek to do sth. 试图做某事
[佳句]　The solution，of course，was to plant trees so the animals could seek shelter during the daytime.
当然， 解决的办法是种树， 这样动物们就可以在白天寻找遮庇之处。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①To seek ________ your suggestions on our building a spoken English classroom, I am specially writing to you.
②We are seeking ____________ (achieve)better results in the final examination.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③在我看来，遇到困难时，我们应该向我们最信任的人寻求帮助。[2021·全国甲卷]
In my opinion，when in trouble, we ____________________ those we trust most.
5(教材P28)To earn a living, some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown.
为了谋生，有些人在唐人街开商店和餐馆。
◎earn　vt. &vi.挣得；赚得；赢得；博得
(1)earn money＝make money　　　　 挣钱
earn a living＝make a living　　 谋生
earn the respect of sb.　　 赢得某人的尊敬
(2)earnings n.　　 利润；收入，工资
[佳句]　As a teacher, she has earned the respect of her students.
作为教师，她赢得了学生的尊敬。
[写美]——应用文佳句
①在我看来，你已经到了可以谋生的年龄。
As far as I'm concerned, you are old enough ____________________．
②为了养家，他尽一切努力赚钱。
In order to support his family, he made every effort________________．
③他努力工作以赢得学生的尊敬。
He worked hard ____________________．
6(教材P29)I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates.我挑了一家粤菜馆，他们端出来的菜肴是放在精美的瓷盘上的。
◎select　vt.选择；挑选；选拔
(1)select...as/to be...　　　　 挑选……作为……
select sb. to do sth. 挑选某人做某事
(2)selection n. 选择； 挑选； 选拔
selective adj. 选择性的； 讲究的
[佳句]　The players who were selected from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game.
从全国选拔出来的运动员们有望在今年夏天的比赛中为我们带来荣誉。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①We ran out of wood and I____________(select)to go and gather more.
②To keep the tradition alive, the local opera is listed as one of the ________ (select) courses in our school.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③毫无疑问，我们将选出最好的运动员参加即将到来的比赛。
There is no doubt that we will________________________________ the coming games.
7(教材P29)What do you think brought about the cultural diversity？你认为是什么导致了文化的多样性呢？
◎bring about　导致；引起
bring back　　　 使回想起；使恢复
bring in 引进；生产
bring up 抚养，抚育；谈及
bring down 降低；减少
[佳句]　However, with its rapid development, it brings about many problems.
然而， 随着它的快速发展， 也导致了很多问题。
[练通]——用bring的相关短语填空
①Everyone was excited, enjoying the convenience ____________ by the shared bicycles.
②I was born and ____________ here, so I have a good knowledge of the local culture.
③This picture often ____________ to me many happy memories of my high school days.
8(教材P29)Over 3，000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it. 1906年的旧金山地震和之后发生的一系列火灾夺取了3 000 多人的生命。
◎claim　vt. &n．夺取(生命)；宣称；断言；索赔
(1)claim one's life　　　　 夺去某人的生命
claim to have done sth. 声称做了某事
It's claimed that... 据称/说……　　　
(2)make a claim (on... ) for...
(向……)提出赔偿……
[佳句]　Scientists are claiming a major breakthrough in the fight against cancer.
科学家们宣称在攻克癌症方面已有重大突破。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①It ________ (claim) that humor not only affects patients' moods, but can actually help them recover faster.
②They claim __________________(discover)a cure for the disease.
[写美]——句型转换
③People claimed to have discovered a cure for the disease.
→________________ a cure for the disease had been discovered.
9(教材P29)Apart from being the kingdom of flowers, it is home to many ethnic minority groups. 除了作为花的王国之外， 它还是很多少数民族的家园。
◎apart from除了……外(还)；此外
apart from＝besides　　 除……外(还有)
apart from＝except for 除……外(不包括)
[佳句]　Apart from selling popcorn on the market, Bernard also promotes his popcorn from door to door.
除了在市场上卖，伯纳德还挨家挨户推销他的爆米花。
[写美]——应用文佳句
除了给他礼物之外， 你也可以采用其他方法， 例如： 旅行、看电影和购物。
________________________________________， you can also adopt other means, such as travelling, seeing a movie, and going shopping.
10(教材P29)After visiting the southern part of Yunnan, I have to admit that it is the best part of China to escape the cold winter.在游览了云南南部以后，我不得不承认，这是中国最适合躲避寒冬的地方。
◎escape vi. &vt. 逃走；逃脱；避开　n. 逃跑；逃脱；解脱
(1)escape from...　　　　　　　 从……中逃脱
escape doing sth.　　 逃避做某事
(2)escape one's attention/notice 逃过某人的注意
(3)a narrow escape 九死一生
[佳句]　Last year he had a narrow escape, so he doesn't want to risk his life a second time now.
去年他死里逃生， 因此他现在不想再去冒生命危险了。
[练通]——单句语法填空/ 猜测加黑词的词性和含义
①To create a low carbon campus，we should escape ________ (throw) away rubbish here and there.
②She managed to escape ________ the burning car afterwards.In other words，she narrowly escaped ____________ (kill) in the fire.
③It was a financial worker whose name escapes me for the moment. ________________________________________________________________________
[写美]——句型转换
④The boy was very lucky to escape injury in the serious traffic accident.
→The boy was very lucky to escape____________ in the serious traffic accident.
11(教材P29)There were so many good cafés and restaurants to choose from.有很多好的咖啡馆和餐馆可供选择。
◎句型公式：there be...
[佳句]　 For those who will sign up，there is an application form to fill.
要报名的人需要填写一张申请表。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①At eight on the morning of October 1st，we are to gather at the gate of our school，and there will be a bus ________(wait) for us.
②There were diverse activities ________(organize) by the Student Union to arouse our interest in learning English.
③There was nobody ________(buy) popcorn at first，which made Bernard feel like sitting on pins and needles.[2020·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写]
[写美]——应用文佳句
④有越来越多的人对中国传统文化感兴趣。
________________________________________Chinese traditional cultures.
Section Ⅱ　Reading and Thinking
Part 1　课前预习设计
自读课文　疏通文脉大意
Task 1
1．D　2.①Camped　②the Golden Gate Bridge　③cultures　④historical changes　⑤Chinatown　⑥jazz bar
Task 2
1．C　2.D　3.A　4.C
Task 3
1．(1)There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills, offering great views of the city, the ocean，and the Golden Gate Bridge.
(2)It was quite modern and lively.
2．The museum did a really good job of showing how America was built by immigrants from different countries and cultures.
自查语基　落实基本知能
Ⅰ.
1．occurs　2.downtown　3.mission 　4.district　5.graffiti　6.comic　7.seek　8.select　9.china　10.bar　11.diagram　12.journal　13.claim　14.series　15.escape
Ⅱ.
1．①admit　②admission
2．①definite　②definitely
3．①history　②historic　③historical
4．①earn　②earnings
5．①minor　②minority
Ⅲ.
1．head to　2.seek one's fortune　3.earn a living　4.a series of　5.除了……外(还) ；此外　6.导致；引起　7.开办　8.从……中选择
Ⅳ.
1．it definitely feels good to be back
2．living here
3．to choose from
Ⅴ.
1．多么神奇的一座城市啊——一座1906年大地震后重建的城市。
2．这里有众多美丽的古建筑——不少坐落于大山之巅；城市、大海和金门大桥的美景尽收眼底。
Part 2　课堂提升素养
探究新知　发展语言知识
1．①having taken　②admitted　③admission　④admitted cheating/having cheated　⑤admitted that　⑥to keep　⑦drinking　⑧It is necessary for him to be sent
2．①it occurred to me that　②it struck me that　③it hit me that
3．①held their heads high and headed to/for　②raised her head
4．①for　②to achieve　③should seek help from
5．①to earn/make a living　②to earn money　③to earn the respect of his students
6．①was selected　②selective　③select the best athletes to take part in
7．①brought about　②brought up　③brings back
8．①is claimed　②to have discovered　③It was claimed that
9．Apart from/ Besides/ In addition to/ Aside from giving him a gift
10．①throwing　②from; being killed　③v.被忘掉；被忽视
④being injured
11．①waiting　②organized　③to buy　④There are more and more people interested in
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