新人教版必修第三册Unit2Morals and Virtues SectionⅢ Discovering Useful Structures学生用书（有答案）

Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
每/日/金/句：I believe a small act of kindness can make a big difference. 　我相信一个小小的善举可以起到很大的作用。
语言基础集释
1(教材P18)During the operation, she sat in the waiting room for over an hour worrying about him.手术期间， 她在候诊室里坐了一个多小时， 为他担心。
◎operation　n．手术；企业；经营
(1)perform an operation on sb.
给某人做手术
in operation 工作中，有效
put sth. into operation　　 实施
(2)operate vt.&vi.　　 操作，运转，动手术
operate on 给……做手术
[佳句]　The nurse tended the boy so carefully that he recovered from his heart operation soon.
护士细心照料这个男孩，使得他心脏手术后不久就康复了。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①The ________ (operate) on the old man will be carried out on schedule.
②To our great joy, the new machine is easy ________ (operate)．
[写美]——应用文佳句
③这是一个绝妙的计划，而他正是实施这个计划的人。
It's a wonderful plan, and he is just the man ________________.
2(教材P18)I saw her whispering something into his ear, obviously not wanting to be heard.我看见她对他耳语了几句，显然不想被其他人听见。
◎whisper vi.&vt.悄声说；耳语；低语　n．耳语(声)；低语(声)；传言；谣传
(1)whisper sth.to sb.　　　　 把某事悄悄告诉某人
whisper sth.in/into one's ear
在某人耳旁小声说某事
It is/was whispered that...
有人私下说……；据秘密传闻……
(2)in whispers/a whisper 低声地
[佳句]　After examining his wound, the doctor whispered something in the nurse's ear.
医生检查了他的伤口后，在护士耳边低声说了些什么。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①They sat at the back of the room, talking in ________ (whisper)．
②When I came in, I saw Linda ________ (whisper) to her deskmate.
[写美]——应用文佳句
③在婚礼上，杰克低声对她说，以免别人听到。
In the wedding ceremony, Jack______________ so that no one else would hear.
3(教材P18)Dr Bethune did whatever he could to assist the Chinese people.白求恩大夫尽其所能帮助中国人民。
◎assist vt.帮助；援助
(1)assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事
assist sb. in/with sth. 帮助某人某事
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
(2)assistance n. 帮助；协助
come to one's assistance 援助某人
with the assistance/help of...
在……的帮助下
(3)assistant n. 助手；助理；助教；
店员；售货员
[佳句]　I love doing housework. I always assist my parents in doing the dishes after meals. [2021·全国乙卷]
我喜欢做家务。我总是在饭后帮助爸妈洗碗。
[练通]——单句语法填空
①I am grateful to my headteacher who always assists me ________ my learning.
②You'd better ask the shop________ (assist) to reduce the price.
③The father offered to assist the twins________ ( prepare) the Mother's Day breakfast.[2021·新高考全国Ⅰ，读后续写]
[写美]——应用文佳句
④每当我们有困难时，我们的班主任都会来帮助我们。 因此，在他的帮助下，我们在学习上取得了很大的进步。
Whenever we are in trouble，our headteacher will ________________．Therefore, ______________，we have made a great deal of progress in our studies.
4(教材P18)After Dr Bethune's death, Chairman Mao Zedong wrote an article in memory of him, ...
白求恩大夫去世后，毛泽东主席写了一篇文章纪念他，……
◎in memory of　作为对……的纪念
in praise of　　　　　　　 赞美，歌颂
in honour of 纪念；向……表示敬意
in search of 寻找
in charge of 负责；掌管
in need of 需要
[佳句]　This festival is held in memory of Qu Yuan, a great poet and statesman in Ancient China.
举行这个节日是为了纪念中国古代伟大诗人和政治家屈原。
[写美]——补全句子
①The manager coming from Italy is____________________________ (负责) the company.
②She set up an educational fund ____________________________ (纪念她的母亲)．
③Having been bitten in the leg, he had to go to the mountain ______________________________ medicine(寻找药)．
④Many Chinese universities provide scholarships for students ______________________________ (需要) financial aid.
语法专项突破
动词－ing形式作宾补和状语
[自主感知]
①If they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired
②“Why should girls learn so much Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees.
③Thinking of all the people still in need of help, Dr Lin opened a private clinic.
④At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway villages to provide medical care.
⑤The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.
[我的发现]
(1)动词 ing形式作状语的句子为句________。
(2)动词 ing形式作宾补的句子为句________。
[语法规则]
一、动词 ing形式作宾补?
动词 ing形式置于某些及物动词和宾语之后， 补充说明宾语的动作或状态。在这种情况下， 及物动词通常是表示感觉和心理状态的感官动词或使役动词。
When we returned to the school, we found a stranger standing at the entrance.
当我们回到学校时，我们发现一个陌生人站在大门口。
I felt somebody patting me on the shoulder.
我感觉到有人在拍我的肩膀。
1．动词 ing形式在感官动词后作宾补。
在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后， 用动词的 ing形式构成复合宾语， 表示一个正在进行的主动的动作， 强调一个过程或一种状态。
In the crowded cafe, I heard a friendly voice saying, “You can share my table.”
在这个拥挤的咖啡馆， 我听到一个友好的声音在说：“你可以和我坐在一桌。”
Suddenly we heard someone knocking gently on the window.忽然我们听见有人在轻轻地敲窗户。
[点津]　在see, hear, feel, watch, notice等感官动词后， 既可用动词的 ing形式构成复合宾语， 也可用省略to的不定式构成复合宾语， 两者之间有一定的区别。用动词的 ing形式时， 表示动作正在进行；用省略to的不定式时， 表示动作发生了， 即动作的全过程结束了。
Today on my way home, I saw a man running along the street hurriedly.
今天在回家的路上，我看到一个男人正匆忙地从街上跑过。
I saw him enter the room and take something away.我看到他进入房间， 并拿着东西离开了。
2．动词－ing形式在使役动词后作宾语补足语。
使役动词接动词－ing形式作宾补， 表示“让……一直做某事”，此类动词如have，keep，get，leave等。
It's cold.We should have the fire burning all the time.天气冷。我们应该让火一直燃烧着。
I'm sorry to have kept you waiting for so long.
对不起，让你等了这么久。
[名师指津]　(1)have/get＋宾语＋done, done是过去分词作宾补， 意为“让别人去做某事”。强调事情被做。
He will have/get the computer repaired tomorrow.
他明天让人给他修电脑。
(2)have＋宾语＋do sth.意为“让某人去做某事”。
Mother has me go to the shop to buy some fruit.
妈妈让我去商店买一些水果。
(3)leave(使……处于某种状态), keep(使……保持某种状态)后一般跟分词作补语， 而不跟动词不定式。
Many teachers keep parents informed of children's performance in the kindergarten by sharing videos on WeChat.
许多老师通过在微信上分享视频让家长知晓孩子们在幼儿园的表现。
[即时训练1]——单句语法填空
①Mr Smith suggested a good way to have her written English ________ (improve) in a short period.
②Don't leave the water ________ (run) while you brush your teeth.
③Mother has the little girl ________ (play) the piano this afternoon.
④He needed to have some paperwork ________ (deliver) across the country the next day.
⑤Entering the room, I found Mary ________ (sit) at the desk and ________ (play) computer games.
3．动词 ing形式在with复合结构中的使用。
在with复合结构中， 动词 ing形式充当宾补， 表示动作“正在进行”。
With the College Entrance Examination drawing near, many of us feel nervous recently.
最近， 随着高考的临近， 我们中有很多(学生)都感到紧张。
[点津]　在with复合结构中， 也可以使用过去分词和不定式作宾补。
All the afternoon he worked with the door locked.
整个下午他都锁着门在房间里工作。
I can't go out with all these clothes to wash.
要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。
[即时训练2]——单句语法填空
①I love my school with students ________ (work) hard to realize their dreams and teachers ________ (help) us like our parents.
②China's image is improving steadily, with more countries ________ (recognize) its role in international affairs.
③With Christmas ________ (approach), a Christmas party will be held in the school.
二、动词 ing形式作状语?
动词 ing形式可以作状语， 修饰动词， 在句中表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、行为方式或伴随等。动词 ing形式作时间、原因、条件、让步状语时多位于句首；作结果、伴随状语时常位于句末。
1．动词 ing形式表示时间。
表示时间，相当于一个时间状语从句。
Having made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.
→After we have made full preparations, we are ready for the examination.
我们已经做好了充分准备，现在可以应考了。
2．表示原因，相当于一个原因状语从句。
Being ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.
→Since he was ill, he didn't go to school yesterday.因为生病，他昨天没去上学。
3．表示结果，相当于一个并列谓语。
His parents died，leaving him an orphan.
→His parents died and left him an orphan.
他的父母死了，留下他成了孤儿。
[名师提醒]　动词－ing形式和动词不定式作结果状语的区别：
①动词－ing形式作结果状语表示自然而然的结果，有时可加thus表强调。
Newly－built wooden cottages line the street，turning the old town into a dreamland.
新建的小木屋排列在街道两边，使这个古镇变成了梦境。
②动词不定式作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加only表强调。
The reporter hurried to the airport，only to be told the film stars had left.
那个记者急匆匆赶到机场，却被告知电影明星们已经离开了。
4．动词 ing形式表示让步。
Being tired, they went on working.
→Although they were tired, they went on working.尽管很累了， 可他们继续工作。
5．动词 ing形式表示行为方式、伴随。
He lay on the grass，staring at the sky for a long time.
→He lay on the grass and stared at the sky for a long time.他躺在草地上，长时间地望着天空。
6．动词－ing形式表示条件。
Going straight down the road, you will find the department store.
→If you go straight down the road, you will find the department store.
顺着这条路一直走， 你就会发现那家百货商店。
[点津]　非谓语动词作状语时， 如所提供的动词的逻辑主语不能和句子的主语保持一致， 动词 ing形式必须有自己的逻辑主语， 通常由名词或代词来担任， 这就是独立主格结构。
The last bus having gone, we had to walk home.
末班车已经开走了， 我们不得不走回家。(having gone的逻辑主语是the last bus, 而不是we)
Weather permitting, the football match will be played on Friday.
天气允许的话， 足球赛将在周五举行。(permitting的逻辑主语是weather, 而不是the football match)
[即时训练3]——单句语法填空
①____________ (finish) his homework, he was playing on the playground.
②________ (know) that you are interested in it, I'm pleased to tell relevant information to you.
③People use plastic in their daily life, ________ (leave) large amounts of waste.
④________ (work) hard at your lessons, you are to succeed.
⑤________________ (work) abroad for twenty years, the old man is on the way back to his motherland.
⑥________ (be) responsible, honest and selfless, he is respected by everyone.
Section Ⅲ　Discovering Useful Structures
Part 1　语言基础集释
1．①operation　②to operate　③to put it into operation
2．①whispers　②whispering　③whispered to her
3．①with　②assistant　③ to prepare　④come to our assistance; with the assistance of him
4．①in charge of　②in memory of/in honour of her mother　③in search of　④in need of
Part 2　语法专项突破
动词 ing形式作宾补和状语
[我的发现]
(1)①②③　(2)④⑤
[即时训练1]
①improved　②running　③play　④delivered　
⑤sitting; playing
[即时训练2]
①working; helping　②recognizing　③approaching
[即时训练3]
①Having finished　②Knowing　③leaving　④Working　⑤Having worked　⑥Being
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