牛津译林版(2019)必修三U1 Nature in the balance Welcome to the unit & Reading 课件(57张ppt)

(共57张PPT)
Unit 1 Nature in the balance
【版本：译林　册别：必修三】
Welcome to the unit — Reading
目录页
contents
Pre-reading
Ⅰ
Post-reading
Ⅳ
Fast reading
Ⅱ
Intensive reading
Ⅲ
Ⅰ
Pre-reading
Pre-reading
上文两句出自德国哲学家、革命导师弗里德里希·恩格斯的《劳动在从猿到人转变过程中的作用》一文，意在说明人类与自然界要和谐共处。
Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us.
但是我们不要过分陶醉于我们人类对自然界的胜利。对于每一次这样的胜利,自然界都对我们进行报复。
Song 1: Heal the World (by Michael Jackson)
Pre-reading: Welcome to the unit (P1)
Song 2: The earth is our only home. ( from P1 )
Questions:
① What is the message of the two songs
② What can you do to help protect the environment
Listen to the songs
Pre-reading:
Important phrases in Welcome
the human race_________
do harm (to) ___________
cut down _____________
sound the alarm _____________
be thankful for sth ____________
find the solution (to sth) _________
对…有害
人类
砍伐，砍倒
发出警报
对…感激；为…庆幸
找到解决…的方法
Language points
The human race has down much harm.
n.伤害
do harm to...对.....造成伤害
mean no harm to sb....（对某人无恶意）
do no harm 对...没有伤害
do great/much/a lot of harm 对....造成巨大的伤害
He would never frighten anyone or cause them any harm .
他永远不会吓唬或伤害任何人。
Language points
The human race has down much harm.
v. 伤害，损害
He would never ______ anyone.
他永远不会伤害任何人。
Pollution can ______ marine life.
污染会危及海洋生物。
harm
harm
Language points
We have polluted our soils and seas.
n.土壤；国土，领土，领地，土壤
poor/dry/acid/sandy/fertile soil
贫瘠、干旱、酸性、沙质、肥沃的土壤
the study of rocks and soils
对岩石和土壤的研究
soil erosion
土壤侵蚀
It was the first time I had set foot on African soil.
那是我第一次踏上非洲大地。
Ⅱ
Fast reading
The world we live in is full of natural wonders.
Today we come to know the Amazon rainforest,
which is home to a wide range of wildlife.
Fast reading: P2-3
When it comes to the Amazon rainforest,
where is it
what plants or animals do you know about
do you know the great fire in 2019 there
Free talk
The World Wildlife Foundation (WWF) says the world's largest rainforest contains millions of species of plants and animals. Many of them are still unknown. Among the best known animals are jaguars, eagles, pink river dolphins, parrots, large snakes and many butterflies. More than 30 million people, including 350 indigenous
and ethnic groups, live in the Amazon area and depend on the forests for food and shelter.
What's in the Amazon
The fires not only destroy parts of the carbon-absorbing forests, but they release millions of metric tons of carbon into the air.
The Amazon rainforest also is important to rainfall in the area. Deforestation makes rains less frequent, extending the dry season.
If 20 to 25 percent of the forest were destroyed, the dry season would expand. That would mean the area would no longer be a rainforest, but a tropical savannah, or an area with grasslands and few trees.
Unfortunately, we are already seeing signs of the Amazon turning into a savannah.
What do the fires mean to the world's climate
The current fires in the Amazon are not wildfires. They are mostly set illegally by people who are clearing the forest to raise cattle and crops.
People clear the land by cutting down the trees during the rainy season, letting the trees dry out and burning them during the dry season. Fully clearing the thick forest for agricultural use can take several years of cutting and burning.
What is causing the fires
Read the documentary script and write the main idea
of each paragraph.
Para.1: Introduction to the Amazon rainforest
Para.2: Basic information about the rainforest
Para.3:_______________________________________
Para.4:_______________________________________
Para.5:_______________________________________
Fast reading
Its abundant plant species
A wide range of animal species and an unusual
example -jaguar
Appeal to people to preserve the rainforest
Intensive reading
Ⅲ
1. How to understand the sentence “a huge sea of
green alive with the sounds of animals”
a sea of: _________________________________
alive with: ________________________________
这是一片绿色的海洋，到处都可以听到动物发出的声音。
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 1
大量的，大片的
充满，到处都是（活的或动的东西）
2. What is the function of the Amazon rainforest
It plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 1
Intensive reading:
ecosystem
plants
animals
water
people
climate
soil
air
All these factors contribute to the richest biodiversity
on the Earth.
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2-5
8
6 million
6400
4000
1300
400
20%
17%
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
Basic information about the rainforest
_________ : 8 countries and one overseas region
_________: around 6 million square kilometres of forest
_________: about 6,400 km in length
length
size
location
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
location:
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent.
横越巴西(占森林60%面积)、哥伦比亚、秘鲁、委内瑞拉、厄瓜多尔、玻利维亚、圭亚那、苏里南、法国（法属圭亚那），占世界雨林面积的一半，全球森林面积的20%，是全球最大及物种最多的热带雨林。亚马孙雨林被人们称为“地球之肺”和“绿色心脏”。
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
size:
With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
= China is more than twice ____ __________ ____ the Amazon rainforest.
as
big / large
as
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
length:
The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length — roughy 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems.
Intensive reading: P5
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
They give the Amazon rainforest the richest b_______________ on the Earth: one in ten known s____________ in the world can be found here.
iodiversity
pecies
They:_______________________________________
_______________________________________
the specific location, the impressive size and length
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
Of the 390,000 plants species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon… The forest’s different levels of plant species support an u_________ variety of wildlife.
nbelievable
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 3
The forest’s different levels of plant species
At the bottom, ________________________________________.
Above that ___________________________________________.
The next level_________________________________________.
Each level of the forest forms its own little world, _______ to different kinds of living things.
home
Then there are ______________________________, and finally
____________________________________________________.
there is a system of roots beneath the ground
is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor
is made up of shorter plants with large leaves
the towering ancient hardwoods
the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 4
The forest’s different species of animals
More than 1,300 species of b_____ and over 400 species of m_______ hide among the jungle’s plant life.
They form a perfect ______________ in the forest.
irds
ammals
food chain
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 4
Jaguars feed on at least 87 species, including ________.
These frogs, in turn, feed on _______ which eat _______ and ______.
When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps __________ its body and ________ the nutrients to the earth.
frogs
insects
leaves
fruit
break down
return
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 4
frogs
insects
leaves and fruit
Jaguars’ dead bodies
Jaguars
the forest’s food chain
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 5
1. What makes the Amazon rainforest a natural treasure
according to the script
The Amazon forest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 percent of all the Earth’s oxygen. Thus, it is known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the Amazon forest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine.
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 5
2. The forest’s current danger:
There is one major danger to these ____________ plants and animals. Over the past 50 years, about 17% of the rainforest has disappeared _____ ___ human activities, such as a__________ and cattle f________.
irreplaceable
due
to
griculture
arming
3. What question are we left with
Can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 5
4. In addition to human’s activities, what other factors may contribute to the disappearance of the forest
The answer may be here:
The following passage is from a website about the Amazon rainforest. Please complete the passage with the correct forms of the words and phrases in the box below. (P5)
Post-reading
Ⅳ
1 对…有害
2 砍伐树木
3 发出警报
4 找到某事的解决方法
5 因为(account)
6 自然奇迹
7 种类繁多的野生生物
do harm / damage to sth
cut down trees
sound the alarm
find the solution to sth
on account of
natural wonders
a wide range of wildlife
Important words & phrases
8 充满，到处都是某物
9 在某事中起重要作用
10 保持生态系统完美平衡
11 …的面积
12 超过中国面积的一半
13 得名于…
be alive with sth
play a significant role in
maintain the fine balance of the ecosystem
an area of…
more than half the size of China
get one’s name from …
Important words & phrases
14 在长度上
15 地球上最丰富的多样性
16 躺在…上面
17 令人难以置信的野生生物多样性
18 在底部
19 在地下
in length
the richest biodiversity on the Earth
lie down on sth
an unbelievable variety of wildlife
at the bottom
Important words & phrases
beneath the ground
20 由…组成
21 高耸的古老硬木
22 食物链上的一要素
23 以…为食
24 相应地，依次
25 一小群微生物
be made up of
the towering ancient hardwoods
one element of the food chain
feed on sth
in turn
a tiny army of micro-organisms
Important words & phrases
26 分解
27 给…带来起色，注入活力
28 固定；修理
29 而且；此外
30 不可替代的
31 继续做某事
32 濒临灭绝
break down
breathe life into sth
fix
moreover
irreplaceable
continue doing / to do sth
in danger of extinction
Important words & phrases
33 给某人留一个问题
34 承担得起做某事
35 积累营养
36 因此
37 吸收; 欺骗
38 被锁上，被关起来
39 以令人难以置信的速度增长 / 生长
leave sb with a question
can afford to do sth
build up nutrients
as a result
take in
be locked up
Important words & phrases
grow at an unbelievable speed
40 documentary script
41 …的家园，…的栖息地
42 各种各样的
43 根据…判断（做状语的形式）
44 大片的、成片的
45 由于
纪录片脚本
be home to
a wide range of
judging from
a sea of
Important words & phrases
due to
1. The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France.
语法功能：__________________
此句可改为： The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight
countries, Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of
France__________(include).
非谓语动词做状语
included
Important sentences
2. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length…
语法功能：____________________________
定语从句
Important sentences
3. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest
floor.
语法功能：_______________________________
表示地点的介词短语位于句首用全部倒装
4. While a significant number of jaguars survive here,
they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
语法功能：_______________
让步状语从句
Important sentences
5. Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the
rainforest has disappeared due to human activities
such as agriculture and cattle farming.
语法功能：_______________
现在完成时
语法功能：_______________
6. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the
Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
The Amazon River, ….—roughly 100 kilometres
longer than the Yangtze
倍数表达法
A+be+倍数+the size/height/weight/length/width/depth of +B
A+be+倍数+比较级+than B
Important sentences
A+be+倍数+as+ 形容词/副词+as
倍数+what+主语+谓语
The world we live in is full of amazing w________.
Among them, the Amazon rainforest is a natural treasure,
A huge sea of green _____ with the sounds of animals.
As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a
s_________ role in m_________ the fine balance of the
Earth’s e__________.
Fill in the blanks according to the script
onders
alive
ignificant
aintaining
ycosystem
The Amazon rainforest c_____ into eight countries and
one o______ region, all on the South America c________.
With an ____ of around 6 million square kilometres, the
Amazon rainforest is more than half the _____ of China.
The Amazon River, ______which the rainforest gets its
name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in l_______—r_______ 100 kilometres l______ than the Yangtze River.
____ its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river
supports many different e__________. They give this area
the r______ biodiversity on the Earth.
rosses
verseas
ontinent
area
size
ength
ougly
onger
On
cosystems
ichest
from
Fill in the blanks according to the script
More than 40,000 plant s______ can be found in the
Amazon. The forest’s different levels support an u_________
variety of wildlife. At the b_____, there is a system of roots
b______ the ground. Above that ___ the mass of leaf litter on
the dark floor. The next level is ___________shorter plants
with large leaves. Then there are the t________ ancient
hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many
metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its
own little world, ______ to different kinds of living things.
pecies
nbelievable
ottom
eneath
is
made up of
owering
home
Fill in the blanks according to the script
More than 1,300 birds and over 400 mammals h____ in
the jungle. The jaguar is one example. While a significant
number of jaguars s_____ here, they are only one e______
of the forest’s food ______. They f____ on frogs. These
frogs, in ______, live on insects which eat leaves and fruit.
When a jaguar dies, a tiny a____ of microorganisms helps
___________ its body and return the n_______ to the earth.
ide
urvive
lement
chain
eed
turn
rmy
break down
utrients
Fill in the blanks according to the script
The Amazon rainforest b______ life into the planet by f____
carbon and p________ over 20% of all the Earth’s oxygen.
Thus, it is k_____ as the “lungs of the planet”. M_______,
the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species, used for
food or m_______. Yet, there are some hidden unavoidable
dangers to these i_____________ plants and animals. One
danger is that the soil in the Amazon is poor in n_________.
Actually, the poor soil can not support a_________ for more
than a few years. Why is the soil so poor
reathes
ixing
roducing
nown
oreover
edicine
rreplaceable
utrients
gricuture
Fill in the blanks according to the script
_____________, the rainy season’s water _____ away the
nutrients in the soil. For another thing, on _______ of the
hot climate, it is hard for the soil to b_____ ____ enough
nutrients. The nutrients of dead plants and animals are soon
t_____ in by the roots of plants b______ the ground, and
then are l_____ up in the plants themselves, thus _______
(allow) them to grow at an u___________ speed. Finally,
the soil will become poorer with time going by.
takes
uild
up
aken
eneath
ocked
allowing
nbelievabe
account
For one thing
Fill in the blanks according to the script
Another danger is that about 17% of the rainforest has
disappeared ____ ____ ______ of human activities such as
agriculture and cattle f_______. As the impact of human
activities c_______ to grow and the list of species in danger
of e__________ becomes longer, we are l____ with a
question: can we a______ to damage the “lungs of the
planet”
result
arming
ontinue
xtinction
eft
fford
Fill in the blanks according to the script
as
a
Ⅴ
Homework
Writing
Introduce the The Amazon rainforest