牛津译林版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance Reading2 Language points课件(共14张PPT)

(共14张PPT)
B3U1Reading
Language points
Language points
The world we live in is full of natural wonders. The documentary script below describes the Amazon rainforest, which is home to a wide range of wildlife.
be home to ... 是......的家园
a wide range of... 广泛的
Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.
a sea of 大片的，成片的see a sea of smiling faces
be alive with 充满着，到处都是（活的或动的东西）
play a/ an important / vital / critical / crucial role/part in doing sth在......中起作用
The Amazon rainforest：a natural treasure
欢迎来到丛林，这是一片绿色的海洋，处处都可以听到各种动物的声音。作为世界上最大的雨林，它在维系地球生态系统的良好平衡上扮演着重要的角色。
作the jungle 的同位语
【语境应用】请将下列汉语句子译成英语。
北京是个生机勃勃的城市。
2. 没有水，地球上将没有生物。
3. 我们不知道他是否还活着。
4. 无论发生什么，请保持希望。
Beijing is a lively city.
Without water, there will be no living things on earth.
We don’t know whether he is alive or not.
Whatever happens, please keep your hope alive.
The enemy officer was caught _________.
The ________ are more important to us than the dead.
Last night there were millions of people watching the opening ceremony_________ on TV.
Young children are usually ___________.
商店里到处都是五彩缤纷的装饰，我们都不知道先往哪里看。
译：The store ______ ______ ______ colorful decorations and we didn’t know where to look first.
Practice makes perfect.
请用 alive\live\lively\living\be alive with填空
alive
living
live
lively
was alive with
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.
cross into 横跨
with an area of面积为......
介词 + relative pronouns (which/whom)，引导非限制性定语从句，用逗号隔开
be close to （时间/空间)接近, 几乎
in length 在长度上
roughly adv. 粗略地，大约；粗暴地；粗糙地
on the earth 在地球上
on earth究竟，到底
What on earth do you mean
one in ten十分之一
分数表达：
亚马孙雨林穿过包括巴西、秘鲁在内的八个国家，以及一块法国的海外领地，都位于南美洲大陆。亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长约6,400千米，比长江还长大约100千米。这条河从高山到海洋的沿途中，它维系着多种不同的生态系统。它赋予这片区域地球上最丰富的的生物多样性： 全世界十分之一的已知物种，都可以在这里找到。
倍数的表达方式：
倍数+the height/weight/length/size of
倍数+as +adj/adv(long/high/large)+ as
(n-1)倍数+adj/adv的比较级 than …
A + 谓语动词 +
+ B
地球是月球的49倍。
The earth is 49 times the size of the moon.
The earth is 49 times as large as the moon.
The earth is 48 times larger than the moon.
Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie down on. The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground.
be known to 为...所知
be known for 因....而出名
=be famous for
She is known to everyone in the college.
He is known for his beauty.
be +adj. +enough to do sth 足够…做某事
He is old enough to go to school.
lie down 躺下
variety n. 不同种类 [U]变化，多样性 [C]变种，变体
a (wide/great/large)variety of 各种各样的=various of = all kinds/ sorts of
a variety of+n复+v复
各种各样的
the variety of+n复+v单
…的品种
various adj. 各种各样的
vary vi. 变化；改变；相异
vary in 在…方面不同
vary from…to…从…到…之间变化/不等
在我们已知的39万植物种类中，4万多种可以在亚马孙找到。这棵高大、古老的巴西坚果树结出我们可以食用的坚果；这些睡莲（叶片）大到可以躺在上面。雨林的不同层次养活的野生动物种类多到难以置信。在底层是地下根系，往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。
Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.
leaf litter落叶层
be made up of 由.....组成
the tops of ....在...的顶部
be home to .... ......的家园
Above that位于句首，句子要完全倒装
(谓语应与其后面的主语保持一致)
mass n. [C]大量；许多，团；块；堆
adj. （仅用在名词前）大批的；广泛的；大规模的；民众的
the mass of 大多数=the majority of
a mass of = masses of 许多
the masses群众
massive adj. 厚重的；巨大的
再往上一层由较矮的阔叶植物组成。然后是高耸、古老的阔叶树，最后是那些离地数米之高的大树的树冠。雨林的每一层都形成自己的小世界，成为各种生物的家。
More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle’s plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain.
a number of..... 大量的+名词的复数
the number of .....的数量 +名词的复数
more than超过less than 少于
survive vi. 生存，存活；继续存在
survive on …依靠…生存下来
vt. 幸存；艰难渡过；比…活（存在）的时间长
She survived her husband by ten years.
survivor n. 幸存者
survival n. 幸存[U];残余物；幸存物[C]
1,300多种鸟和400多种哺乳动物藏身于这片丛林的植被中。 美洲豹就是个例子。它黄棕色的皮毛上遍布着黑点。尽管相当多的美洲豹生存在这里，但它们仅仅是雨林食物链上的一环。
break down使分解，使变化；消除；打破；出故障；抛锚；失败；崩溃；垮掉
break n. 破裂；间歇；休息；中断；暂停 v. （broke,broken）损坏；中断；使破，裂
take/ have a break 休息一会儿
without a break 连续不断地
它们捕食的物种至少有87种，其中包括青蛙。相应地，这些青蛙以昆虫为食，这些昆虫吃树叶和水果。当一只美洲豹死后，一小群微生物会帮助分解尸体，让营养素重回土壤中。
in turn 相应地；转而；
in return作为回报
by turns 轮流地
in one’s turn 轮到某人
take turns to do sth/(in) doing sth轮流做某事
It’s one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。
the turn of the century/year 世纪之交/新年伊始;辞旧迎新之际 One good turn deserves another.善有善报。
They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
feed on以......为食
at least 至少
tiny (adj)极小的，微小的
an tiny army of 一小群
return to 回到，返回，表示回到哪里
return back返回，归还，报答，回报，常用于归还东西
If I could return the time ,I would put you first in my life.
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us.
breathe life into 给.....带来起色，注入活力
be known as 作为...而出名+角色，身份
be known/famous for以.....而闻名
be used for sth/doing sth被用来做某事
used to do sth表示过去的动作和状态
would do sth表示过去的动作
be used to doing sth习惯于
irreplaceable不可替代的
replace-replaceable-irreplaceable
亚马孙雨林通过固定碳，以及生成占全球总量20%以上的氧气来为地球注入活力。因此，它也常常被称作为“地球之肺”。此外，亚马孙雨林还是可以用作食物和药物材料的物种宝库。然而，这些无可取代的动植物面临的一个主要威胁就是：我们。
due to（状/表/后定，不在句首） =because of （状，指出原因）/owing to（状；可放句首）由于
due adj. 应付的，到期的
Payment is due on 1 October.
adj. 预订的；预期发生（到达）的
be due to do 预计/预期做
adj. 欠下的；应给的(+to sb/sth)
adj. 适当的
disappear vi. 不复存在，灭绝；消亡；失踪
disappear behind/under/into 消失在…
disappear from sight/view从视野中消失
disappearance n. 消失
appearance n. 出现；外表；容貌
Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
be in (great) danger处于危险之中
in danger of 处于.....危险之中
extinct (adj)灭绝的，消亡的
extinction (n)灭绝
afford to do sth 支付得起去做某事
impact=influence影响(n/v)
have an effect / impact/ influence on =impact on对.....有影响
damage vt. 损害/坏，破坏
n. [U]损害，伤害 [pl]损害赔偿金
do damage to 对…造成伤害
在过去的50年里，由于农耕和养牛等人类活动，17%的雨林已经消失。随着人类活动影响的不断增加，濒危物种的名单越来越长，这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？
1.for+时间段；
I have learned English for ten years．
2．常见的副词：
lately；recently, just，up to now, till now, so far, these days，
in the past few years／months／weeks／days
3．注意：for+时间段；since+时间点
They have lived in Beijing for five years．
They have lived in Beijing since l995．
4． 第几次做某事，后面跟现在完成时
This is the first time that I have watched stars through a telescope．