人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness单元知识梳理学案（含答案）
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-09 10:17:15 | ||
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Unit3 单元知识梳理
一、重点单词
1. track n.跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vt.&ⅵ.追踪；跟踪
①跟踪，追赶 _____________
②稳步前进；做法对头 _______________
③重新步入正确轨道 ______________
④了解/不了解…的动态；与……保持/失去联系 ______________
⑤思路正确/错误 ________________
⑥追踪到，追查到 __________________
答案：① on the track of ② be on track ③ back on track ④ keep/lose track of… ⑤ be on the right/wrong track ⑥ track down
2. honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸
①为向……表达敬意 ______________
②很荣幸做某事 ______________
③我做了一道特殊的菜向我们的来宾表达敬意。
I have cooked a special meal ___________________________.
④我很荣幸能邀请你到我们城市来观光。
I _________________ our city for a visit./It ________ _______ our city for a visit.
答案：① in honour of/in one's honour ② have the honour of doing sth. /It's ones honour to do sth./feel honoured to do sth. ③ in honour of our guests ④ feel greatly honoured to invite you to；is my honour to invite you to
3. ________ vt.下决心→_______ adj.有决心的→ determination n.决心；决定
①坚决地 ___________
②下决心做某事 _____________
③对…作出决定 _____________
④这件事增强了他为祖国争光的决心。
This matter strengthened his _______________ glory for his homeland
⑤他下决心要照顾好爷爷奶奶。
He ______________________ his grandparents well.
答案： determine，determined ① with determination ② determine to do sth./be determined to do sth./determine that ③ determine on/upon ④ determination to win ⑤ determines to look after/is determined to look after/is determined that he will look after
4. injure v.使受伤；损害→_________ adj.受伤的；有伤的→________n.伤害；损伤
①严重受伤 ______________
②伤害某人的情感 ______________
③伤员 _____________
④你没有权利伤害别人的感情。
You have no right to ________________.
⑤他在事故中受伤严重，被马上送往医院。
He __________________ in the accident and was sent to hospital immediately.
答案： injured，injury ① be/get badly/seriously injured ②in e's feelings ③ the injured
④ injure others' feelings ⑤ was badly injured
5. strength n.力量；体力→_______adj.强壮的→________v.巩固；加强
①有做某事的力气/意志力 ______________
②增强体力 __________________
③用尽全身的力气 ___________________
④强项和弱项；优缺点 _____________________
⑤我们要经常锻炼以增强体魄。
We should work out regularly _______________________.
答案： strong，strengthen ①have the strength to do sth. ② build up one's strength ③ with all one's strength ④ strengths and weaknesses ⑤ to build up our strength
6. compete vi.竞争；对抗→_______ n.比赛；竞争→________n.比赛者；竞争者
①为……竞争 ____________
②跟……竞争 ____________
③在……方面竞争 ________________
④他在各个方面跟他的哥哥竞争。
He ________ his brother _______ everything.
⑤他们为了祖国的荣誉跟别的国家竞争。
They ____________________ the glory of their homeland ______________ other countries.
答案：competition，competitor ① compete for ② compete with/against ③ compete in ④ competes with/against，in ⑤ compete for，with/against
7. pretend vi. &vt.假装；装扮
①假装做某事 _____________
②假装正在做某事 ____________
③假装做过某事 ________________
④假装是某人/某物 _______________
⑤他们假装已经知道了这件事。
The _____________ the matter. /They _____________________ they had known the matter.
答案：① pretend to do sth. /that ② pretend to be doing sth. ③ pretend to have done sth. ④ pretend to be sb./sth. ⑤ pretended to have known/pretended that
8. diet n.规定饮食；日常饮食vi.节食
①节食（表动作）______________
②节食（表状态）______________
③规定……饮食 ___________________
④要想保持健康，我们必须健康饮食。
To keep healthy/fit，we must ______________.
答案：8.① go on a diet ② be on a diet ③ diet sb./oneself ④ eat a healthy diet
二、重点短语
1. come __________ 跟随；到达；进步；赶快
①发生，产生 ________________
②偶然碰见；偶然发现 ________________
③共计；达到；苏醒 ________________
④出现；出版；开花；（真相）为人所知 __________________
⑤提出 ________________
用come短语填空
⑥How did it _____________ that the party last night was a failure？
⑦He _____________ an old photo in the drawer.
⑧When it _____________ sport，he knows everything about it
⑨What suggestion did he _____________ at the meeting yesterday？
答案： along ① come about ② come across ③ come to ④ come out ⑤ come up/come up with ⑥ come about ⑦ came across ⑧ comes to ⑨ come up with
2. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决
①这位运动员每周锻炼两次举重。
____________________________________________.
②不是汤姆而是我有能力算出这道数学题。
____________________________________________.
答案： ① The athlete works out with weights twice a week ② Not Tom but I am able to work out this maths problem.
3. make it 获得成功；准时到达
①我从来没想到克莱尔会成为一名成功的女演员。
I never thought Clare would _________ _________ as an actress.
②他们早晨启航，在黄昏前赶到了一个小镇。
They set sail in the morning and ________ ________ _______ a small town before dark.
答案： ① make it ② made it to
4. set an example 树立榜样
①父母做出表率是极其重要的。
It is very important that ________________.
②他为其他学生树立了榜样。
__________________________________________
答案：① parents should set an example ② He sets an example for the other students
5. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃
用 apart短语填空
①The twin sisters have so much in common that we can hardly ______ them _______ instantly.
②The little boy，out of curiosity, _______ the toy _______ to see how it worked，but couldn’t put it together.
③The deal _______ _______ when we failed to agree on price.
答案：① tell，apart ② took，apart ③ fell apart
6. lose丧失信心；泄气
①爱上 __________________
②丢脸 __________________
③减肥 __________________
④失去控制 _________________
⑤失去联系 _________________
⑥迷路 __________________
⑦失明 __________________
⑧他没有泄气。相反，他爱上了这门课程。
He didn’t ______________. Rather, he _____________________ the subject.
答案： heart ① lose one's heart to ② lose face ③ lose weight ④ lose control ⑤ lose touch ⑥ lose one's way ⑦ lose one's sight ⑧ lose heart，lost his heart to
7. give ____________ 放弃；投降
①屈服 ___________________
②泄露；赠送 _______________
③用完，耗尽；分发，散发 ________________
④发出，放出（光、热、气味等） ____________________
⑤给…让路；对…让步 _____________________
⑥在任何时候我们都不能半途而废。
At no time __________________ halfway.
⑦父母往往会屈从于他们的子女。
Parents often ________________ their children.
答案： up ① give in ② give away ③ give out ④ give off ⑤ give way to ⑥ can we give up ⑦ give in to
8. make有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
①弄明白（后跟宾语） _______________
②毫无意义 _____________
③归属感 _______________
④责任感 _______________
⑤幽默感 _______________
⑥（做）某事是没有意义的 _________________
⑦他的演讲很有道理，但是我没弄懂他最后一句话是什么意思。
His speech ________________ but I just can’t ____________ the last sentence he said.
答案： sense ① make sense of ② make no sense ③ a sense of belonging ④ a sense of duty ⑤ a sense of humor ⑥ There is no sense in（doing）sth. ⑦ makes great sense，make sense of
9. make a ________ 有作用或影响
①对某人/某物没有作用或影响，对某人/某物不重要
_______________________
②对某人/某物有些作用或影响 ______________
③区分A和B ______________
④这部电影对他产生了很大的影响。
The film ___________________ him
答案： difference ① make no difference to sb./sth. ② make some difference to sb./sth.
③ tell the difference between A and B ④ makes/made a great difference to
10. __________ than而不是
①宁愿做……而不愿做……
__________________________________________/
__________________________________________/
__________________________________________/
__________________________________________
一句多译
他宁死也不泄密。
②________________________________________
③________________________________________
④________________________________________
⑤________________________________________
答案： rather ① would do. rather than do. would rather do. than do…; prefer doing.. to doing…; prefer to do. rather than do
② He would die rather than give away the secret
③ He would rather die than give away the secret
④ He preferred dying to giving away the secret
⑤ He preferred to die rather than give away the secret
11. cut…______ 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下
①砍倒；削减 ______________
②切碎；使伤心 ______________
③切断；停掉；隔绝 _________________
④插入；插嘴 ______________
⑤抄近路穿过 ______________
⑥他觉得他与世隔绝好几年了。
He felt he ________________ from the outside world for ages.
⑦他努力想减少抽烟，但是没成功。
He tried _____________ on smoking but failed.
答案： out ① cut down ② cut up ③ cut off ④ cut in ⑤ cut across/through ⑥ was /had been cut off ⑦ to cut down
12. compare _________... 与……比较
①把……比作（比喻）__________________
②与…交换意见 __________________
③与……相比（状语） ___________________
④他正在与教授就那个问题交换意见。
He _____________________ the professor on that point.
⑤让我来把他的作业跟你的比较一下。
Let me _______ his homework __________ yours.
⑥与绝大多数同学相比，他不太讲究吃穿。
____________________ most of his classmates，he isn't particular about what he eats and wears.
答案：with/to ① compare. to... ② compare notes with ③ compared with/to④ is comparing notes with ⑤ compare, with/to ⑥ Compared with/to
三、重点句型
1. 疑问词+ do you think+陈述语序
课本原句
①____________________________________________________
你认为这篇课文讲的是什么？
句式仿写
②你认为要过多久我才能回来上班？
______________________________ before I can come back to work？
答案：① What do you think the text is about？
② How long do you think it will be
2.现在完成时+ since…
课本原句
①The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago __________________________.他在芝加哥创办的男孩女孩俱乐部从1996年开始帮助年轻人。
句式仿写
②玛丽与简从刚上学就是朋友。
Mary and Jane ___________________________.
答案：①has been helping young people since 1996
②have been friends ever since they started school
3. even if 引导让步状语从句
课本原句
①I agree with the idea that a soccer player should never pretend to fall down ________________.
我同意这个观点，一个足球运动员永远不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他或她的团队有帮助。
句式仿写
②即使失败数次也不要丧失信心。
答案：①even if it helps his or her team
② Don’t lose heart even if you failed many times.
4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
课本原句
①A high school class has a wellness book _______ the exchange ideas about health and fitness. 一个高中班级有本健康手册，书中他们交流了关于卫生和健康的想法。
句式仿写
②这本书打开了一扇窗，通过这扇窗我们可以看到一个精彩的世界。
The book has opened a window, ______________________________________.
③这门课程通常每年吸收20名学生，其中高达一半来自国外。
Twenty students are normally admitted into the course per ear ____________________ are/come from abroad.
答案：①in which ② through which we can see a wonderful world ③ of whom up to half
5. 部分否定
课本原句
① Taking part in sports events is fun but ________________, so it helps children learn how to deal with stress.参加体育活动很有趣，但并不总是很容易，所以它帮助孩子们学习如何处理压力……
句式仿写
②并非所有这些方案我都同意。
答案：①not always easy ② I don't agree to all these projects
10 / 10
一、重点单词
1. track n.跑道；足迹；铁路轨道 vt.&ⅵ.追踪；跟踪
①跟踪，追赶 _____________
②稳步前进；做法对头 _______________
③重新步入正确轨道 ______________
④了解/不了解…的动态；与……保持/失去联系 ______________
⑤思路正确/错误 ________________
⑥追踪到，追查到 __________________
答案：① on the track of ② be on track ③ back on track ④ keep/lose track of… ⑤ be on the right/wrong track ⑥ track down
2. honour n.荣誉；尊敬；荣幸
①为向……表达敬意 ______________
②很荣幸做某事 ______________
③我做了一道特殊的菜向我们的来宾表达敬意。
I have cooked a special meal ___________________________.
④我很荣幸能邀请你到我们城市来观光。
I _________________ our city for a visit./It ________ _______ our city for a visit.
答案：① in honour of/in one's honour ② have the honour of doing sth. /It's ones honour to do sth./feel honoured to do sth. ③ in honour of our guests ④ feel greatly honoured to invite you to；is my honour to invite you to
3. ________ vt.下决心→_______ adj.有决心的→ determination n.决心；决定
①坚决地 ___________
②下决心做某事 _____________
③对…作出决定 _____________
④这件事增强了他为祖国争光的决心。
This matter strengthened his _______________ glory for his homeland
⑤他下决心要照顾好爷爷奶奶。
He ______________________ his grandparents well.
答案： determine，determined ① with determination ② determine to do sth./be determined to do sth./determine that ③ determine on/upon ④ determination to win ⑤ determines to look after/is determined to look after/is determined that he will look after
4. injure v.使受伤；损害→_________ adj.受伤的；有伤的→________n.伤害；损伤
①严重受伤 ______________
②伤害某人的情感 ______________
③伤员 _____________
④你没有权利伤害别人的感情。
You have no right to ________________.
⑤他在事故中受伤严重，被马上送往医院。
He __________________ in the accident and was sent to hospital immediately.
答案： injured，injury ① be/get badly/seriously injured ②in e's feelings ③ the injured
④ injure others' feelings ⑤ was badly injured
5. strength n.力量；体力→_______adj.强壮的→________v.巩固；加强
①有做某事的力气/意志力 ______________
②增强体力 __________________
③用尽全身的力气 ___________________
④强项和弱项；优缺点 _____________________
⑤我们要经常锻炼以增强体魄。
We should work out regularly _______________________.
答案： strong，strengthen ①have the strength to do sth. ② build up one's strength ③ with all one's strength ④ strengths and weaknesses ⑤ to build up our strength
6. compete vi.竞争；对抗→_______ n.比赛；竞争→________n.比赛者；竞争者
①为……竞争 ____________
②跟……竞争 ____________
③在……方面竞争 ________________
④他在各个方面跟他的哥哥竞争。
He ________ his brother _______ everything.
⑤他们为了祖国的荣誉跟别的国家竞争。
They ____________________ the glory of their homeland ______________ other countries.
答案：competition，competitor ① compete for ② compete with/against ③ compete in ④ competes with/against，in ⑤ compete for，with/against
7. pretend vi. &vt.假装；装扮
①假装做某事 _____________
②假装正在做某事 ____________
③假装做过某事 ________________
④假装是某人/某物 _______________
⑤他们假装已经知道了这件事。
The _____________ the matter. /They _____________________ they had known the matter.
答案：① pretend to do sth. /that ② pretend to be doing sth. ③ pretend to have done sth. ④ pretend to be sb./sth. ⑤ pretended to have known/pretended that
8. diet n.规定饮食；日常饮食vi.节食
①节食（表动作）______________
②节食（表状态）______________
③规定……饮食 ___________________
④要想保持健康，我们必须健康饮食。
To keep healthy/fit，we must ______________.
答案：8.① go on a diet ② be on a diet ③ diet sb./oneself ④ eat a healthy diet
二、重点短语
1. come __________ 跟随；到达；进步；赶快
①发生，产生 ________________
②偶然碰见；偶然发现 ________________
③共计；达到；苏醒 ________________
④出现；出版；开花；（真相）为人所知 __________________
⑤提出 ________________
用come短语填空
⑥How did it _____________ that the party last night was a failure？
⑦He _____________ an old photo in the drawer.
⑧When it _____________ sport，he knows everything about it
⑨What suggestion did he _____________ at the meeting yesterday？
答案： along ① come about ② come across ③ come to ④ come out ⑤ come up/come up with ⑥ come about ⑦ came across ⑧ comes to ⑨ come up with
2. work out 锻炼；计算出；解决
①这位运动员每周锻炼两次举重。
____________________________________________.
②不是汤姆而是我有能力算出这道数学题。
____________________________________________.
答案： ① The athlete works out with weights twice a week ② Not Tom but I am able to work out this maths problem.
3. make it 获得成功；准时到达
①我从来没想到克莱尔会成为一名成功的女演员。
I never thought Clare would _________ _________ as an actress.
②他们早晨启航，在黄昏前赶到了一个小镇。
They set sail in the morning and ________ ________ _______ a small town before dark.
答案： ① make it ② made it to
4. set an example 树立榜样
①父母做出表率是极其重要的。
It is very important that ________________.
②他为其他学生树立了榜样。
__________________________________________
答案：① parents should set an example ② He sets an example for the other students
5. fall apart 破裂；破碎；崩溃
用 apart短语填空
①The twin sisters have so much in common that we can hardly ______ them _______ instantly.
②The little boy，out of curiosity, _______ the toy _______ to see how it worked，but couldn’t put it together.
③The deal _______ _______ when we failed to agree on price.
答案：① tell，apart ② took，apart ③ fell apart
6. lose丧失信心；泄气
①爱上 __________________
②丢脸 __________________
③减肥 __________________
④失去控制 _________________
⑤失去联系 _________________
⑥迷路 __________________
⑦失明 __________________
⑧他没有泄气。相反，他爱上了这门课程。
He didn’t ______________. Rather, he _____________________ the subject.
答案： heart ① lose one's heart to ② lose face ③ lose weight ④ lose control ⑤ lose touch ⑥ lose one's way ⑦ lose one's sight ⑧ lose heart，lost his heart to
7. give ____________ 放弃；投降
①屈服 ___________________
②泄露；赠送 _______________
③用完，耗尽；分发，散发 ________________
④发出，放出（光、热、气味等） ____________________
⑤给…让路；对…让步 _____________________
⑥在任何时候我们都不能半途而废。
At no time __________________ halfway.
⑦父母往往会屈从于他们的子女。
Parents often ________________ their children.
答案： up ① give in ② give away ③ give out ④ give off ⑤ give way to ⑥ can we give up ⑦ give in to
8. make有道理；合乎情理；表述清楚
①弄明白（后跟宾语） _______________
②毫无意义 _____________
③归属感 _______________
④责任感 _______________
⑤幽默感 _______________
⑥（做）某事是没有意义的 _________________
⑦他的演讲很有道理，但是我没弄懂他最后一句话是什么意思。
His speech ________________ but I just can’t ____________ the last sentence he said.
答案： sense ① make sense of ② make no sense ③ a sense of belonging ④ a sense of duty ⑤ a sense of humor ⑥ There is no sense in（doing）sth. ⑦ makes great sense，make sense of
9. make a ________ 有作用或影响
①对某人/某物没有作用或影响，对某人/某物不重要
_______________________
②对某人/某物有些作用或影响 ______________
③区分A和B ______________
④这部电影对他产生了很大的影响。
The film ___________________ him
答案： difference ① make no difference to sb./sth. ② make some difference to sb./sth.
③ tell the difference between A and B ④ makes/made a great difference to
10. __________ than而不是
①宁愿做……而不愿做……
__________________________________________/
__________________________________________/
__________________________________________/
__________________________________________
一句多译
他宁死也不泄密。
②________________________________________
③________________________________________
④________________________________________
⑤________________________________________
答案： rather ① would do. rather than do. would rather do. than do…; prefer doing.. to doing…; prefer to do. rather than do
② He would die rather than give away the secret
③ He would rather die than give away the secret
④ He preferred dying to giving away the secret
⑤ He preferred to die rather than give away the secret
11. cut…______ 停止做（或使用、食用）；剪下
①砍倒；削减 ______________
②切碎；使伤心 ______________
③切断；停掉；隔绝 _________________
④插入；插嘴 ______________
⑤抄近路穿过 ______________
⑥他觉得他与世隔绝好几年了。
He felt he ________________ from the outside world for ages.
⑦他努力想减少抽烟，但是没成功。
He tried _____________ on smoking but failed.
答案： out ① cut down ② cut up ③ cut off ④ cut in ⑤ cut across/through ⑥ was /had been cut off ⑦ to cut down
12. compare _________... 与……比较
①把……比作（比喻）__________________
②与…交换意见 __________________
③与……相比（状语） ___________________
④他正在与教授就那个问题交换意见。
He _____________________ the professor on that point.
⑤让我来把他的作业跟你的比较一下。
Let me _______ his homework __________ yours.
⑥与绝大多数同学相比，他不太讲究吃穿。
____________________ most of his classmates，he isn't particular about what he eats and wears.
答案：with/to ① compare. to... ② compare notes with ③ compared with/to④ is comparing notes with ⑤ compare, with/to ⑥ Compared with/to
三、重点句型
1. 疑问词+ do you think+陈述语序
课本原句
①____________________________________________________
你认为这篇课文讲的是什么？
句式仿写
②你认为要过多久我才能回来上班？
______________________________ before I can come back to work？
答案：① What do you think the text is about？
② How long do you think it will be
2.现在完成时+ since…
课本原句
①The Boys and Girls Club which he started in Chicago __________________________.他在芝加哥创办的男孩女孩俱乐部从1996年开始帮助年轻人。
句式仿写
②玛丽与简从刚上学就是朋友。
Mary and Jane ___________________________.
答案：①has been helping young people since 1996
②have been friends ever since they started school
3. even if 引导让步状语从句
课本原句
①I agree with the idea that a soccer player should never pretend to fall down ________________.
我同意这个观点，一个足球运动员永远不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他或她的团队有帮助。
句式仿写
②即使失败数次也不要丧失信心。
答案：①even if it helps his or her team
② Don’t lose heart even if you failed many times.
4. “介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
课本原句
①A high school class has a wellness book _______ the exchange ideas about health and fitness. 一个高中班级有本健康手册，书中他们交流了关于卫生和健康的想法。
句式仿写
②这本书打开了一扇窗，通过这扇窗我们可以看到一个精彩的世界。
The book has opened a window, ______________________________________.
③这门课程通常每年吸收20名学生，其中高达一半来自国外。
Twenty students are normally admitted into the course per ear ____________________ are/come from abroad.
答案：①in which ② through which we can see a wonderful world ③ of whom up to half
5. 部分否定
课本原句
① Taking part in sports events is fun but ________________, so it helps children learn how to deal with stress.参加体育活动很有趣，但并不总是很容易，所以它帮助孩子们学习如何处理压力……
句式仿写
②并非所有这些方案我都同意。
答案：①not always easy ② I don't agree to all these projects
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