人教版（2019）必修 第一册Unit 3 Sports and fitness Discovering Useful Structures-Reading for Writing 词汇语法专项训练
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Unit 3 Discovering Useful Structures-Reading for Writing 词汇语法专项训练
Part I Vocabulary and Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. It is believed that parents can make a great ________ (different) to the lives of their children.
2. By working out every morning, I became healthier and ________ (slim).
3. I’m sorry to know that you feel ________ (stress) as a high school freshman.
4. More than fifty students took part in the composition competition to compete ________ first prize.
5. In order to keep slim, I decide to go ________ a diet.
6. I passed by John quickly without greeting him, pretending not ________ (see) him.
7. ________ (compare) with developed countries, the South Africa has a long way to go in the economy.
8. I think there is little milk in the milk bottle, ________ there
9. In terms of the effects of the Internet on our lives, the ways we make use of it matter; so ________ our attitude.
10. Rather than ________ (allow) the apples to go bad, the farmer preferred to sell them at half price.
刷语法填空
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：220 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[山西忻州实验中学2019高一检测]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
New research has found that eating regular balanced meals is more effective（有效的）in managing a healthy weight l dieting.
Carried out by researchers at the University of Helsinki, the study looked at 2,452 women m2,227 men, who 2 (ask) answer surveys which looked at factors（因素）influencing weight changes at age 24, and ten years later at age 34.
The researchers found among both men 3 women, irregular eating and dieting in order to lose weight were two of the main factors that led to weight increasing. A woman’s risk of putting on weight was also increased by giving birth to two or more 4 (child), regularly drinking sugary drinks and feeling 5 (disappoint) with life. For men, smoking was another important factor for putting on weight.
6 (usual), people try to prevent overweight by dieting. In the long term, it seems to make people 7 (get) fatter, rather than prevent it.
Besides eating regularly and avoiding diets, physical activity was a main factor in 8 (help) to protect women from putting on weight, while for men a higher level of 9 (educate) and having a greater weight at the beginning of the study appeared to have a protective effect.
The researchers suggested that those 10 want to keep a healthy weight long-term should now consider eating regular meals.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：265 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[辽宁葫芦岛协作体2019高一月考]A new study finds almost one third of the world’s population is overweight. Since 1980, obesity rates（肥胖率）in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries, making people more worried. And rates are increasing in many other countries. Obesity is increasing faster in children than in adults in many nations, including Algeria, Turkey and Jordan, the report says. But the world’s weight problem is growing in both rich and poor countries alike. Researchers say an increasing number of people are dying of related health problems in what they called a “disturbing global public health problem”.
Researchers studied health information from 1980 through 2015. They examined obesity rates and average（平均的）weight gain in 195 countries. They found that obesity rates are three times higher among teenagers and young adults in countries like China, Brazil and Indi Almost 108 million children and more than 600 million adults were found to be overweight. Egypt had the highest number of overweight adults in 2015. Vietnam had the lowest. In the same year，the United States had the highest number of overweight children, and Bangladesh had the lowest.
Yet hunger remains a problem in many areas. The United Nations said that almost 800 million people, including 300 million children, go to bed hungry each night. Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are the main reasons for the rising number of overweight people. Growing populations have led to rising obesity rates in poor countries. Often, poor people will eat processed（加工的）food instead of choosing a diet rich in vegetables.
The London-based Overseas Development Institute studied the price of food in five countries: Britain, Brazil, China, Mexico and South Korea. It found that the cost of processed food like ice cream and hamburgers has fallen since 1990. But the cost of fresh fruit and vegetables has gone up.
1. What do we know about obesity in the world
A. It is worrying.
B. It is given no attention.
C. It has been successfully solved.
D. It is more serious among old people.
2. Which country has the most overweight children in 2015
A. The US.
B. Vietnam.
C. Egypt.
D. Bangladesh.
3. What is one of the reasons why people get overweight
A. Hunger.
B. Poor diets.
C. Diets with vegetables.
D. Eating too much fruit.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. It’s Important to Have a Balanced Diet
B. How Can We lose Weight and Keep Fit
C. Is It Necessary for Us to Eat Fresh Vegetables
D. Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweight
答案：
刷单句填空
1. difference make a great difference为固定搭配，意为“产生很大影响，有很大作用”。故填 difference。
2. slimmer此处与 healthier并列，应用形容词比较级。故填slimmer。
3. stressed句意为：得知作为高一新生你很焦虑，我很难过。此处修饰从句中的主语you，应用 stressed，意为“焦虑的”。
4. for句意为：五十多名学生参加了作文比赛，争夺第一名。compete for意为“为…竞争；争夺…”。故填for。
5. on句意为：为了保持苗条，我决定开始节食。go on a diet为固定搭配，意为“节食”。故填on。
6. to see pretend（not）to do sth意为“假装（没有）做某事”。故填 to see。
7. Compared compare在此应用非谓语动词形式作状语，与句子主语 the South Africa之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填 Compared。
8. is句意为：我认为奶瓶里没有多少牛奶了，是吗？考查反意疑问句，前句中有 little，所以反意疑问部分应用肯定形式。故填is。
9. does句意为：就互联网对我们生活的影响而言，我们使用互联网的方式很重要；我们的态度也很重要。表示前面提到的肯定情况也适用于后者，应用“so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”结构，意为“…也一样”。前面的谓语为 matter，此处应用助动词do的某种形式。主语 attitude为单数，故填does。
10. allow prefer to do…rather than do…为固定搭配，意为“宁愿做……也不愿做……”。故填 allow。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了均衡饮食比节食更能有效地保持健康的体重。
1. than句意为：新的研究发现，均衡饮食比节食更能有效地保持健康的体重。设空前有 more effective，含有比较的意思，故填than。
2. were asked ask是定语从句的谓语动词，主语who指代2,452 women and 2,227men, 与ask之间是被动关系；由主句的时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填 were asked。
3. and句意为：研究人员发现，在男性和女性中，为了减肥而进行不规律的饮食和节食是导致体重增加的两个主要因素。both…and...为固定短语，意为“……和……都”。故填and。
4. children child是可数名词，且其前有 two or more，应用名词复数形式，故填 children。
5. disappointed用在 feeling后作表语，表示“失望的”，应用-ed形式的形容词。故填 disappointed。
6. Usually修饰后面整个句子，表示“通常”，应用副词。故填Usually。
7. get句意为：从长远来看，它似乎会使人变更胖，而不会防止人变胖。make sb do sth为固定短语，意为“使某人做某事”。故填get。
8. helping设空处作介词in的宾语，应用动名词。故填 helping。
9. education设空处在句中作介词of的宾语，应用名词。level of education在此处意为“受教育程度”。故填 education。
10. who设空处引导定语从句，先行词为 those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who。
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界有三分之一的人口都超重了，肥胖已经成为困扰很多国家的问题。
1. A细节理解题。根据第一段中的 Since I980，obesity rates in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries，making people more worried.可知，自1980年以来，73个国家的儿童和成人的肥胖率翻了一倍，使得人们更加担心。由此可知，肥胖令人担忧。故选A项。
2. A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 In the same year，the United States had the highest number of overweight children，and Bangladesh had the lowest.可知，在2015年，美国的超重儿童数量最多。故选A项。
3. B细节理解题。根据第三段第三句 Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are the main reasons for the rising number of overweight people.可知，专家指出，饮食不健康和缺乏锻炼是超重人数增加的主要原因。超重的其中一个原因是饮食不健康，故选B项。
4. D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的就是世界人口的超重问题，故 Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweight适合作为文章标题，故选D项。
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Part I Vocabulary and Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. It is believed that parents can make a great ________ (different) to the lives of their children.
2. By working out every morning, I became healthier and ________ (slim).
3. I’m sorry to know that you feel ________ (stress) as a high school freshman.
4. More than fifty students took part in the composition competition to compete ________ first prize.
5. In order to keep slim, I decide to go ________ a diet.
6. I passed by John quickly without greeting him, pretending not ________ (see) him.
7. ________ (compare) with developed countries, the South Africa has a long way to go in the economy.
8. I think there is little milk in the milk bottle, ________ there
9. In terms of the effects of the Internet on our lives, the ways we make use of it matter; so ________ our attitude.
10. Rather than ________ (allow) the apples to go bad, the farmer preferred to sell them at half price.
刷语法填空
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：220 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[山西忻州实验中学2019高一检测]阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
New research has found that eating regular balanced meals is more effective（有效的）in managing a healthy weight l dieting.
Carried out by researchers at the University of Helsinki, the study looked at 2,452 women m2,227 men, who 2 (ask) answer surveys which looked at factors（因素）influencing weight changes at age 24, and ten years later at age 34.
The researchers found among both men 3 women, irregular eating and dieting in order to lose weight were two of the main factors that led to weight increasing. A woman’s risk of putting on weight was also increased by giving birth to two or more 4 (child), regularly drinking sugary drinks and feeling 5 (disappoint) with life. For men, smoking was another important factor for putting on weight.
6 (usual), people try to prevent overweight by dieting. In the long term, it seems to make people 7 (get) fatter, rather than prevent it.
Besides eating regularly and avoiding diets, physical activity was a main factor in 8 (help) to protect women from putting on weight, while for men a higher level of 9 (educate) and having a greater weight at the beginning of the study appeared to have a protective effect.
The researchers suggested that those 10 want to keep a healthy weight long-term should now consider eating regular meals.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：265 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[辽宁葫芦岛协作体2019高一月考]A new study finds almost one third of the world’s population is overweight. Since 1980, obesity rates（肥胖率）in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries, making people more worried. And rates are increasing in many other countries. Obesity is increasing faster in children than in adults in many nations, including Algeria, Turkey and Jordan, the report says. But the world’s weight problem is growing in both rich and poor countries alike. Researchers say an increasing number of people are dying of related health problems in what they called a “disturbing global public health problem”.
Researchers studied health information from 1980 through 2015. They examined obesity rates and average（平均的）weight gain in 195 countries. They found that obesity rates are three times higher among teenagers and young adults in countries like China, Brazil and Indi Almost 108 million children and more than 600 million adults were found to be overweight. Egypt had the highest number of overweight adults in 2015. Vietnam had the lowest. In the same year，the United States had the highest number of overweight children, and Bangladesh had the lowest.
Yet hunger remains a problem in many areas. The United Nations said that almost 800 million people, including 300 million children, go to bed hungry each night. Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are the main reasons for the rising number of overweight people. Growing populations have led to rising obesity rates in poor countries. Often, poor people will eat processed（加工的）food instead of choosing a diet rich in vegetables.
The London-based Overseas Development Institute studied the price of food in five countries: Britain, Brazil, China, Mexico and South Korea. It found that the cost of processed food like ice cream and hamburgers has fallen since 1990. But the cost of fresh fruit and vegetables has gone up.
1. What do we know about obesity in the world
A. It is worrying.
B. It is given no attention.
C. It has been successfully solved.
D. It is more serious among old people.
2. Which country has the most overweight children in 2015
A. The US.
B. Vietnam.
C. Egypt.
D. Bangladesh.
3. What is one of the reasons why people get overweight
A. Hunger.
B. Poor diets.
C. Diets with vegetables.
D. Eating too much fruit.
4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text
A. It’s Important to Have a Balanced Diet
B. How Can We lose Weight and Keep Fit
C. Is It Necessary for Us to Eat Fresh Vegetables
D. Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweight
答案：
刷单句填空
1. difference make a great difference为固定搭配，意为“产生很大影响，有很大作用”。故填 difference。
2. slimmer此处与 healthier并列，应用形容词比较级。故填slimmer。
3. stressed句意为：得知作为高一新生你很焦虑，我很难过。此处修饰从句中的主语you，应用 stressed，意为“焦虑的”。
4. for句意为：五十多名学生参加了作文比赛，争夺第一名。compete for意为“为…竞争；争夺…”。故填for。
5. on句意为：为了保持苗条，我决定开始节食。go on a diet为固定搭配，意为“节食”。故填on。
6. to see pretend（not）to do sth意为“假装（没有）做某事”。故填 to see。
7. Compared compare在此应用非谓语动词形式作状语，与句子主语 the South Africa之间是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填 Compared。
8. is句意为：我认为奶瓶里没有多少牛奶了，是吗？考查反意疑问句，前句中有 little，所以反意疑问部分应用肯定形式。故填is。
9. does句意为：就互联网对我们生活的影响而言，我们使用互联网的方式很重要；我们的态度也很重要。表示前面提到的肯定情况也适用于后者，应用“so+助动词/系动词/情态动词+主语”结构，意为“…也一样”。前面的谓语为 matter，此处应用助动词do的某种形式。主语 attitude为单数，故填does。
10. allow prefer to do…rather than do…为固定搭配，意为“宁愿做……也不愿做……”。故填 allow。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了均衡饮食比节食更能有效地保持健康的体重。
1. than句意为：新的研究发现，均衡饮食比节食更能有效地保持健康的体重。设空前有 more effective，含有比较的意思，故填than。
2. were asked ask是定语从句的谓语动词，主语who指代2,452 women and 2,227men, 与ask之间是被动关系；由主句的时态可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填 were asked。
3. and句意为：研究人员发现，在男性和女性中，为了减肥而进行不规律的饮食和节食是导致体重增加的两个主要因素。both…and...为固定短语，意为“……和……都”。故填and。
4. children child是可数名词，且其前有 two or more，应用名词复数形式，故填 children。
5. disappointed用在 feeling后作表语，表示“失望的”，应用-ed形式的形容词。故填 disappointed。
6. Usually修饰后面整个句子，表示“通常”，应用副词。故填Usually。
7. get句意为：从长远来看，它似乎会使人变更胖，而不会防止人变胖。make sb do sth为固定短语，意为“使某人做某事”。故填get。
8. helping设空处作介词in的宾语，应用动名词。故填 helping。
9. education设空处在句中作介词of的宾语，应用名词。level of education在此处意为“受教育程度”。故填 education。
10. who设空处引导定语从句，先行词为 those，指人，关系词在从句中作主语，所以应用关系代词who。
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了世界有三分之一的人口都超重了，肥胖已经成为困扰很多国家的问题。
1. A细节理解题。根据第一段中的 Since I980，obesity rates in children and adults have doubled in 73 countries，making people more worried.可知，自1980年以来，73个国家的儿童和成人的肥胖率翻了一倍，使得人们更加担心。由此可知，肥胖令人担忧。故选A项。
2. A细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 In the same year，the United States had the highest number of overweight children，and Bangladesh had the lowest.可知，在2015年，美国的超重儿童数量最多。故选A项。
3. B细节理解题。根据第三段第三句 Experts said poor diets and lack of physical activity are the main reasons for the rising number of overweight people.可知，专家指出，饮食不健康和缺乏锻炼是超重人数增加的主要原因。超重的其中一个原因是饮食不健康，故选B项。
4. D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍的就是世界人口的超重问题，故 Nearly One Third of People in the World Are Overweight适合作为文章标题，故选D项。
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