人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit3 Sports and fitness Discovering Useful Structures and Listening and Talking能力提升练

Unit3 Discovering Useful Structures and Listening and Talking
能力提升练
一、阅读理解
（2017河南天一大联考高一下学期阶段性测试）
For most of us, swinging（摆动）360 degrees around the spindle（轴）of a swing set is a distant childhood dream, but for some people in Estonia, it's what they never grow out of. Not only do they still love struggling against gravity（重力）, but they actually have created a competitive sport around their favorite entertainment. That sport is known as"kiiking".
Swings are deep in Estonian culture, and you can still find various types of swings in villages and towns all around the country. They are used by children and adults alike, either for simple fun, or as a way for communities to bond during celebrations. So maybe it doesn't come as a big surprise that Estonia has an extreme sport based on swinging. Some people see it as dull, others as pointless, but to those who practice it, kiiking is the coolest thing in the world.
The rules of kiiking are pretty petitors start swinging at a certain height, and if they can complete a full circuit（圈）around the spindle, they can try to do the same after the swing has been raised a little, and so on. Those who fail to do a full spindle are left with the result of their last successful try.
Watching kiking videos might give you the impression that it's an easy sport, but Laansalu, who has been practicing it since she was 8 years old, says it requires both great physical strength-strong legs and strong arms-and technique-knowing when to stand or sit in the swing chair, when to push yourself over the spindle of the swing and how to avoid injury.
Small groups of kiikers have been appearing in other countries, including the United States, but now it is still considered as an Estonian sport. There are no international kiiking competitions yet, but Estonia has several national kiiking events throughout the year.
1. What can we know about kiking
A. It is very easy and safe.
B. It is intended for children.
C. It is an international sport.
D. It is developed from swinging.
2. What should competitors pay attention to in kiiking according to the text
A. The strength of the swing.
B. The way to push themselves.
C. The time to stand or sit on the swing.
D. The position where they end the sport.
3. What decides the success in kiiking？
A. The number of circuits he completes.
B. The height where he completes a full circuit.
C. How long it takes to complete a full circuit.
D. How long he performs on the swing.
二、七选五
（2018河南林州第一中学高一下学期开学考试）
Playing sports offers you more than just physical benefits. 1 The benefits are the same whether or not you're good al sports. If you are not good enough to play competitively on a school team, you can play sports with your friends.
Making new friends.
Playing sports enables you to create friendships you otherwise might not have formed. 2 You play together happily and gradually know each other. Many times, the friendships you create on the field remain strong when you are not playing sports.
Understanding the value of health.
Taking part in sports improves your health in many ways. 3 This gets you thinking about what to eat and how to treat your body so as to achieve the highest performance levels. Thus, playing sports can lead to better eating habits and prevent you from becoming too fat.
Building team spirit.
Sports provide children with the important lesson of learning how to work in a team.
4 By working together they will learn each other's strengths and weaknesses and will be better able to decide and work out the best plan for the team. This will without doubt help them in their future lives and jobs as well.
5
Playing a sport requires a lot of time and energy. Some may think this would take students' attention away from schoolwork. However, the opposite is true. Sports require memorization, repetition and learning skills that are useful for schoolwork
A. Becoming active in class,
B. Doing better in your studies.
C. Everyone has to work together to achieve the goal.
D. To be a good athlete, you must take care of yourself.
E. Sports can help you with your study and adapt to society as well.
F. Sports bring teens together from different schools and backgrounds.
G. Clearly, sports will improve your fitness and help you achieve weight goals.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
三、完形填空
（2018河北保定高一上学期期末）
I am a girl, but I was horn to be a rebel（叛逆者）. I like games that can be 1 . Some of the sports I like, even boys won't play！
Wrestling（摔跤）is 2 seen as a sport for men, but I 3 to see if I could do it.
Every Saturday morning, I got out of bed early to go and watch my brother 4 . From morning to night, I would sit watching the 5 have all the fun. Since then, wrestling has been part of my 6 .
For three years, I 7 all the boys and became the best player in the team. My
8 memory of wrestling is when a boy walked off 9 because he'd lost to a girl.
My last 10 was at this year's Girls' State Wrestling Championships.
I was so 11 . I was sure I would win. My heart was beating hard when the match started. I could see 12 but my competitor. When the final whistle blew. I had 13 by four points. The cameras and 14 all turned to me：I was the new wrestling champion. I felt so 15 . But after a few minutes of enjoying being a champion, 16 began to nun through my knee.
Because I hurt my knee, my 17 of being a national champion ended. Even so, I won't lose heart and still 18 to wrestle next year when I go to college. I have 19 that you can do anything you want if you stay positive and put your 20 into it.
1. A. interesting B. surprising C. dangerous D. famous
2. A. usually B. ever C. hardly D. never
3. A. agreed B. pretended C. decided D. happened
4. A. roll B. run C. fight D. wrestle
5. A. boys B. girls C. teammates D. friends
6. A. way B. life C. work D. study
7. A. beat B. hit C. knocked D. injured
8. A. longest B. shortest C. deepest D. worst
9. A. shouting B. smiling C. laughing D. crying
10. A. chance B. match C. try D. sport
11. A. upset B. great C. pleased D. excited
12. A. anything B. nothing C. everything D. something
13. A. won B. lost C. led D. gained
14. A. hands B. players C. lights D. photos
15. A. shy B. hopeful C. happy D. nervous
16. A. air B. blood C. steam D. pain
17. A. dream B. plan C. goal D. story
18. A. remember B. cycle C. want D. walk
19. A. said B. heard C. learned D. noticed
20. A. time B. heart C. foot D. wealth
四、语法填空
（2019甘肃会宁第一中学高一上学期期中）
When the modern Olympic Games 1 （start）in 1896 in Athens, Greece, there was no such thing as the Winter Olympics. 2 （player）competed only in the Summer Games. However, there were the Nordic Games. There was a 3 （compete）of winter sports that took place every few years starting in 1901. But the Nordic Games were only to athletes 4 Denmark, Finland, Norway and Sweden.
The winter sports were popular, so in 1924 an International Winter Sports Week
5 （hold）in Chamonix, France. About 250 athletes from 16 countries competed in nine sports and there were 11 female athletes, 6 competed in figure skating.
Still, the Winter Olympics were under way, adding more sports to the games and
7 （especial）more sports for women. Women got the chance 8 （take）part in skiing, ice hockey（冰球） 9 other sports. Now the Games have such
10 （interest）events as snowboarding and bobsleigh（雪橇比赛）.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
6 7. 8. 9. 10.
参考答案及解析
一、语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了竞技秋千这种运动。它的规则非常简单。竞争者们在一定高度的秋千上开始摆动, 只要他们能够围绕主轴旋转一圈, 就可以尝试挑战增长几厘米的秋千, 以此往复, 取最后一次挑战成功的高度作为最终结果。
1. D 细节理解题。根据第二段第三句So maybe it doesn't come as a big surprise that Estonia has an extreme sport based on swinging. 可知答案。
2. C 推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知, 要掌握在秋千上站起来和坐下的时间。
3. B 细节理解题, 根据第三段可知, 选手的成功取决于他完成动作的高度。
二、语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了体育运动能给人们带来的几点好处。
1. E前句介绍体育运动不仅能给人们带来健康的好处, 由此推断后句要介绍运动给人们带来的其他好处, 故E选项“运动也可以帮助你学习和适应社会。”可以承接上文。
2. F 根据空后内容“你们在一起快乐地玩耍, 逐渐认识彼此。”可知, 设空处内容是有关在运动中人们彼此认识的, 由此判断F选项“体育运动将青少年从不同的学校和背景中聚集起来。”符合语境。
3. D空后内容提到为了达到最高的性能水平, 人们会去思考吃什么以及如何对待自己的身体, 这些都是有关照顾自己的内容, 而D选项则是对该句内容的概括, 可以起到引出下文的作用。
4. C设空处前后内容均是介绍运动能够培养孩子们的团队精神, 由此推断C选项“每个人都必须共同努力来实现这个目标。”符合语境。
5. B该设空处于段落标题的位置, 根据本段最后一句可知运动对学习有好处, 判断B选项可以作为段落标题。
三、语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了作者从事摔跤运动的经历, 告诉人们只要用心去做自己喜欢做的事情就一定能做好。
1. C 根据前句内容可知, 作者生来是个叛逆者, 而后句提到她敢玩男孩都不玩的游戏, 由此可见游戏是危险的。
2. A 根据语境可知此处表示摔跤通常被认为是男人的运动。
3. C 根据下文内容可知, 作者每个周六上午都去看哥哥摔跤, 由此推断作者决定看看自己是否能够进行摔跤这项运动。
4. D 根据本段末句可知, 作者每周六去看哥哥和别人摔跤,
5. A 根据上下文可知, 摔跤一般是男孩子玩的游戏, 由此可知作者看着男孩们享受摔跤的乐趣。
6. B 从下文可知, 摔跤成了作者生活的一部分。
7. A 根据空后内容可知, 作者成了最好的队员, 由此推断她打败了所有的男孩。
8. C 根据语境可知, 此处表示作者最深刻的记忆是跟一个男孩的比赛。
9. D 根据语境推断男孩跟女生比赛输了会觉得丢人, 所以是哭着离开了。
10. B 根据下文可知, 作者介绍的是自己参加的女子国家摔跤锦标赛。
11. D 根据后句可知, 作者相信自己能赢, 所以她非常兴奋。
12. B 根据语境可知, 在比赛时作者只看见自己的对手, nothing but. 意为“除…以外没有, 只有"。
13. A 根据下文I was the new wrestling champion. 可知, 作者赢了四分。
14. C作者成了新的摔跤冠军, 由此推知所有的相机和灯光都朝向了作者。
15. C 根据前句内容可知作者成了摔跤冠军, 所以她心里会很高兴。
16. D 根据末段首句中的Because I hurt my knee可知, 作者在享受了几分钟成为冠军的喜悦之后, 感觉到膝盖疼痛。
17. A 由于作者伤到了膝盖, 所以她想成为国家冠军的梦想结束了。
18. C 根据Even so推断可知, 作者表示即使受伤了也仍然想要去摔跤。
19. C 通过摔跤的经历作者意识到只要你用心去做就可以做成任何事情。
20. B 根据语境可知, 作者认为无论什么事情只要用心去做都能做成。
四、语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文, 主要介绍了冬奥会的发展历史。
1. started 考查动词时态。句意：1896年, 现代奥运会在希腊雅典开始的时候, 并没有像冬奥会这样的比赛。根据时间状语in 1896判断用一般过去时。
2. Players 考查名词的数。句意：运动员们只参加夏季奥运会, player是可数名词, 前面没有修饰语则用复数形式Players。
3. competition 考查名词。句意：从1901年开始, 每隔几年就会进行一次冬季运动比赛。不定冠词a后面要接单数名词, 所以填competition。
4. from 考查介词。句意：但是北欧运动会只允许来自丹麦、芬兰、挪威和瑞典的运动员参加。根据句意可知应填介词from, 意为“来自"。
5. was held 考查动词时态和语态。句意：冬季运动很受欢迎, 因此1924年在法国夏慕尼举行了国际冬季运动周。此处主语an International Winter Sports Week与动词hold构成被动关系, 再根据时间状语in 1924可知该空应填was held。
6. who 考查定语从句。句意：来自16个国家的约250名运动员参加了9个项目的比赛, 有11名女子运动员参加了花样滑冰比赛。本题定语从句的先行词是11 female athletes, 设空处指代先行词, 引导定语从句并在从句中作主语, 所以要填who。
7. especially 考查副词。在英语中副词通常作状语修饰形容词、副词、动词或整个句子, 所以要填especially。
8. to take 考查不定式。句意：女性得到了参加滑雪、冰球和其他项目的机会。句中不定式短语to take… 作定语修饰名词chance, 所以要填不定式to take。
9. and 考在连词。此处skiing ice hockey 和other sports是并列关系, 故填and。
10. interesting 考查形容词。修饰名词events应该使用形容词interesting。
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