(共16张PPT)
情态动词
情态动词
情态动词属于助动词,表示说话人的情绪、态度、语气。
情态动词
五大属性
I can play basketball.
I can play basketball.
She can play baskestball.
Can you play basketball
Yes, I can./ No, I can’t.
1.不能单独作谓语
2.接动词原形
3.无人称和数的变化
4.本身有含义
5. 否定在后
情态动词分类
can
could
能
(能力)
也许
可能
必须
不得不
需要
敢于
have to
need
dare
must
may
might
be able to
should
ought to
应该
can
1.能力
I can swim。我会游泳。
2.可能性
We can finish the project within this week.
我们能在本周内完成这个项目。
3.征求许可
Can I hand in my homework tomorrow
我可以明天交作业吗?
4.请求
Can you help me 你能帮我吗?
5.can’t
没有能力
Sorry, sir, we can’t fix your car.
抱歉先生,我们修不了您的车。
不可能
That woman can’t be Miass Wang. Miss Wang is in Shanghai today.
那个女人不可能是王小姐,王小姐今天在伤害。
不允许
Sir, you can’t smoke here.
先生,您不能在这里吸烟。
could
1.能力(过去时)
He closed his shop so he could move to Shanghai with his family.
他关掉了他的商店,这样他就能和家人搬去上海了。
2.可能性(一般指将来)
I think there could be a fire in that tall building.
我认为在那栋高楼里可能会发生火灾。
3.征求许可
Could I borrow your car 我能借你的汽车吗?
4.请求
Could you say it again 你能再说一次吗?
5.建议
We could try the new machine.
我们可以试试新机器。
be able to
表示能力时,be able to 和can 可以互换
be able to有人称、时态和数的变化
Some people are able to/can master a foreign language in a very short of time.
有些人可以短期内掌握一门外语。
I am unable to/can’t understand what she wants.
我理解不了她想要什么。
may
1.征求许可
May I have a glass of water 我能要一杯水吗?
2.可能性(一般指将来)
Mr. Wang may be right in the case.
在这个案例上,王先生可能是正确的。
might
可能性(可指现在和将来)
They might be having lunch now.
他们现在可能在吃午饭。
They might go out for a walk in the afternoon.
他们下午可能去散步。
2.肯定
He must be Mr. Wang, our new Chinese teacher.
他肯定是我们的新语文老师王老师。
must
1.必须
We must leave now. It’s getting late.
我们必须离开了,天太晚了。
3.mustn’t(禁止)
You mustn’t smoke in the classroom.
禁止在教室吸烟。
have to
have to 和must 都可表示“必须,不得不”
1.have to 强调客观需要,表示客观环境使其不得不做某事
We have to show our passes to enter the building.
我们必须出示通行证才能进入大楼。
2.must 强调主观性,表示说话人主观上认为必须做某事
We must clean the house today.
我们今天必须打扫房子。
should 和 ought to
都可表示“应当,应该”
You should take along your medicine.
你应该带着药。
We ought to run faster.
我们应该跑得更快一些。
need 和dare的双重用法
need
+do
to do
情态
实义
need not do
don't/doesn't/didn't need to do
dare not do
don't/doesn't/didn't dare to do
dare
+do
to do
情态
实义
判断dare /need 的用法
1. If you dare say that to our teacher, I would vote for you. ( )
2. She doesn't dare to swim in the river. ( )
3. You needn't go if you don't want to go. ( )
4. He needs to finish it in the evening. ( )
情态
实义
情态
实义