人教版（2019） 必修第一册 Unit4 Natural disasters 单元知识总结练习（含答案）

Unit4 知识总结
一、Translate the following Chinese phrases into English.
1. 成为废墟 ______________________________________________________
2. 重振旗鼓 ______________________________________________________
3. 不懈的努力 ____________________________________________________
4. 救援人员 ______________________________________________________
5. 遭受重伤 ______________________________________________________
6. 在地震中幸存下来 ______________________________________________
7. 冲毁海岸线 ____________________________________________________
8. 被巨浪彻底消灭 ________________________________________________
9. 海啸受灾国 ____________________________________________________
10. 递送食物和补给品 _____________________________________________
二、Complete the sentences with the items given in the box. There is one extra item.
A. landslide B. unified C. crack D. aid
E. trapped F. reviving G. struck H. crash
I. sweeping J. evacuate K. flooded
1. A total of 76 people went missing after a(n) ________ buried dozens of buildings at an industrial park in Shenzhen.
2. Hundreds of clowns from all around the world ________ into the streets to give people a taste of laughter.
3. Chinese food safety authorities said that China would create ________ national standards for bottled water.
4. The phone service gives instructions on how to ________ from the disaster area.
5. A Hollywood-like advice to explore the centre of the Earth requires exploding a(n) ________ in the planet’s surface.
6. Rescuers are still searching for others ________ in the mine.
7. The Titanic, one of the largest ships ever built, ________ an iceberg and sank on her first voyage.
8. The cause of the ________ is still not known, but weather and control tower factors have been ruled out.
9. People with a monthly income of less than 2, 300 yuan will receive ________ from the government.
10. Society should shoulder responsibility for ________ this traditional art.
三、Complete the sentences with a related form of the words in the brackets.
1. On the same day he was to hold a concert in Beijing, the capital was hit by ________ flooding. (disaster)
2. A volcano ________ will not destroy the whole world. (erupt)
3. The big fire forced the ________ of hundreds of residents nearby. (evacuate)
4. It’s reported that many may be ________ when they receive their bills. (shock)
5. She bought an ________ toothbrush from Germany. (electricity)
6. The article introduces the ________ of the traditional British breakfast. (revive)
7. Qin Shihuang, the first emperor in Chinese history, made a great contribution to the ________ of China. (unify)
8. The monument reminds us of the sacrifices and ________ of nearly 100 years ago. (suffer)
9. Thanks to the food ________ workers, it is convenient and cheap for us to order food online. (deliver)
10. We should ________ the problems first and redo some of them. (summary)
四、Each of the following words has more than one plete each sentence with the correct form of the given word. Then fill in the brackets with its part of speech (for example, n., v., adj., adv. ) and its meaning in Chinese.
1. food
a. He decides to build a big boat to hold animals and his own family before the ________ comes. ( ________;________ )
b. A of cheap imports has come into the shops. ( ________;________ )
c. The heavy rain has ________ the village. ( ________;________ )
2. damage
a. A tornado’s strength is based on the amount of ________ it causes. ( ________;________ )
b. The police have ordered to pay ________ to the families of the two dead boys. ( ________;________ )
c. Learning Tower of Pisa reopened after a team of experts spent 11 years strengthening it without ________ its famous slope. ( ________;________ )
3. shelter
a. Most people went to ________ as the storm approached, with tourist hotels shutting down and residents boarding up their homes. ( ________;________ )
b. The trees ________ us from the wind. ( ________;________ )
4. aid
a. Are there any chances for us applicants to get financial ________ with living expenses ( ________;________ )
b. Recently, the international community ________ the Philippines in rescue relief and reconstruction. ( ________;________ )5. strike
a. In the past decade, this town has evolved from a poverty-________ area to one of the country’s rapidly developing areas. ( ________;________ )
b. The US film writers went on ________ after failing to reach a deal with production studios. ( ________;________ )
五、Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. Organise B. emergency C. strikes D. survive
E. disaster F. kit G. whistle H. supplies
I. tsunami J. effective K. impressed
Japan is located in the world’s most active earthquake zone. It takes the threat of earthquakes seriously and the world considers the country to be the best prepared to deal with an earthquake 1 . Even so, the March 11 earthquake, which measured 9.0 on the Richter scale(里氏), followed by a strong 2 minutes later, still left thousands of people dead .
And it could have been worse. The calm the Japanese have shown since the earthquake has 3 the world. This is largely because the country pays great attention to earthquake education.
From a young age, Japanese are taught how to 4 an earthquake in many practical and creative ways. One way kids learn about earthquake safety is from the cartoon character Maruko（樱桃小丸子）, a 9year-old pupil. Schools in Japan also 5 earthquake drills every month.
However serious the earthquake is, there is no doubt that without the care the country takes to teach people about safety and protection, things would be much worse.
How can we make it if an earthquake 6 The American Red Cross introduced the Drop, Cover & Hold method. It proves to be an 7 way to reduce earthquake-related injuries and deaths.
Drop: Drop down to the floor.
Cover: Take cover under or beside a strong piece of furniture. Avoid danger places near windows, hanging objects or mirrors.
Hold: If you take cover under and beside a strong piece of furniture, hold on to it and be prepared to move with it. Hold the position until the ground stops shaking and it is safe to move.
Finally, in Japan all offices and many private houses have an earthquake emergency 8 including food, water, medicines, a blanket, a flashlight, a 9 , a radio and a knife.
It is clearly a good thing to be prepared ahead of a 10 .
六、Translate the following sentences into English.
1.消防员竭尽全力将灾民从洪水受灾区撤离出来。（effort）
________________________________________________________________
2.自然灾难的增加表明人类活动对环境的影响不容忽视。（effect）
_____________________________________________________________
3.多亏政府提供的医疗供给，山区人民将不再遭受这种致命疾病的困扰。（suffer）
_____________________________________________________________
4.市民们齐心协力，使这座城市在史上最强烈的地震中幸存下来。 (survive)
__________________________________________________________________
5.那个被困了几个小时的孩子终于成功获救，大家都松了一口气。（breathe）
_____________________________________________________________
Unit4 参考答案
一、1. lie in ruins
get up on its feet
tireless efforts
rescue workers
suffer from terrible injuries
survive the earthquake
crash into coastlines
be swept away by huge waves
tsunami-hit countries
deliver food and supplies
二、1. A 2. K 3. B 4. J 5. C 6. E 7. G 8. H 9. D 10. F
三、1. disastrous 2. eruption 3. evacuation 4. shocked 5. electric
6. revival 7. unification 8. sufferings 9. delivery 10. summarise
四、1. a. flood n. 洪水 b. flood n. 大量 c. flooded v. 淹没
a. damage n. 损害 b. damages n. 索赔；赔偿金c. damaging v. 损害
a. shelters n. 庇护所 b. sheltered v. 掩蔽
a. aid n. 援助 b. has aided v. 援助
a.stricken v. 侵害 b. strike n. 罢工
五、1. B 2. I 3. K 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. J 8. F 9. G 10. E
六、1. The firefighters made every effort to evacuate the victims from the flood-hit areas.
2. The increase in the natural disasters indicates that the effects of the human activities on the environment can’t be ignored.
3. Thanks to the medical supplies provided by the government, the people in the mountain areas won’t suffer from the deadly disease any longer.
4. The citizens’ joint efforts enabled the city to survive the greatest earthquake in history.
5. The child who had been trapped for hours were finally rescued and everyone breathed a sigh of relief.