人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit4 Natural disasters单元过关检测（含解析）
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Unit4 单元过关检测
第一部分:阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选 出最佳选项。
A
An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other pressure（压力）builds up until the plates break apart. This process（过程）causes the ground to move. It is an earth quake. In other words，earthquakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released（释放）.
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and the time it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck，there will be low loss of life or property（财产）.If it hits a large city，there may be many injuries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
Actually，there are several million small earthquakes every year. Large earthquakes，such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 8.4 on the Richter scale，caused millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years，millions of people have been killed by earthquakes around the world-including over 240，000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.
A 60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor. In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.
The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.
1. Which of the following is the main idea of the first paragraph
A. An earthquake comes from the inside of the earth.
B. The earth has great energy in storage.
C. How the earth plates move.
D. How an earthquake happens.
2. The underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph l probably means ____.
A. causing too much heat and great damage
B. causing many injuries and much destruction
C. happening as a result of another event
D. happening suddenly and unexpectedly
3. By giving the example in Paragraph 4, the author wants to show that ____-.
A. an earthquake doesn’t last long
B. the damage can last long
C. people in Managua suffered too much
D. Nicaragua is still a poor country
B
The mom had died when the rescuers found her after the terrible earthquake. She was covered by a destroyed house Through gaps(缝隙) of those ruins, the rescuers could see her last posture(姿势). It was something like an ancient person who was kowtowing(叩头), but it just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.
The rescuers confirmed (证明) her death by touching her through the gaps of the ruins. They shouted at the ruins again and again, and knocked the bricks using various tools but there was no reply inside.
Then the rescuing team went to the next building. Suddenly the leader ran back, calling “Come here.” He came to the body, put his hands under the woman, feeling and touching, and then shouted loudly and glad. “ There is someone, a baby, still living.”
Through some efforts, rescuers cleaned up the ruins which blocked her. Under her body lay her baby, who was covered by a small red quilt. He was about 3 or 4 months old. Since well protected by his mother’s body, he was safe. He lovely and peaceful face warmed everyone around him. The doctor, along with the rescuing team, took the baby out of the quilt to check if the baby was all right, and he found there was a mobile phone in the quilt. The doctor looked at the screen; a written message was already there: “My dear baby, if you could live, don’t forget how much I love you.” As a doctor, he experienced much of this type of separation, but at this moment, he cried. The mobile phone was passed, and every person who saw this message shed tears.
4. When the rescuers found the mom, she____.
A. was using her mobile phone to ask for help
B. begged the rescuers to save her baby first
C. was struggling with the pressure
D. didn’t have the normal shape
5. When the baby was rescued, he_______--.
A. was smiling a lot
B. was falling asleep
C. was listening carefully
D was frightened to death
6. Which of the following is TRUE
A. The mom was kowtowing when the rescuers found her.
B. The rescuers didn’t leave until they were sure the woman had been dead.
C. The little baby was found behind the mom.
D. The rescuers carried the baby out without difficulty.
7. The passage is mainly about ______.
A. a story of saving a mother and her baby
B. the disaster of a terrible earthquake
C. the rescuers’ hard work after an earthquake
D. the great love of a mother in an earthquake
C
（2019·安徽省级示范高中联考高一期中）The weather affects many aspects of people’s daily life. Knowing and understanding what the weather is doing is useful However，the weather is also one of the most unpredictable elements in the world. Although many people watch the morning news and gather the information about the weather，this is often wrong. Whole days can be mined by believing that the weather will be one thing，when it turns out to be another. However，owning wireless weather stations allows the owners to monitor（监视，检查）the weather for themselves.
Not only will these weather stations allow the owners to see what the weather is doing，but it is personalized（个性化）to them and their area. Wireless weather stations are specifically prepared for the immediate neighborhood. Plans will be able to be made，and important decisions will no long be ruined by bad weather
Although these weather stations are typically seen in homes，they can also be used very easily on farms and fishing boats. Both farmers and fishermen rely on the weather for their business and using up-to-date weather information is quite indispensable. By using the wireless weather stations，it can determine for them when to harvest crops and head back to the shore. Because of the size of the weather station，they can be moved very easily and used wherever necessary for people.
The wireless weather stations are great for all homes, especially for areas that suffer from extreme weather conditions. The up-to-date，instant weather reports will allow a person to monitor what the weather is doing and if the bad weather is heading in their direction. Extreme weather tends to come very quickly；therefore，any information that is received is helpful.
The weather stations are very simple to set up and are run by solar panels（太阳能板），ensuring they will work even if there is a power-cut. They are far smaller than those in previous years and give a couple of very simple read-outs for the owner. They are easy to use and fascinating to understand.
8. From Paragraph 2, the author intends to ________.
A. show us how unpredictable the weather used to be
B. explain the value of having wireless weather stations
C. make it clear how popular the morning news is
D. show how people got weather information in the past
9. What does the underlined word “indispensable” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Necessary. B. Indifferent C. Attractive D. Impossible
10. What can we learn about a wireless weather station
A. The information it provides is slow but more specific.
B. It is economical and saves money in the long run.
C. It can continue to work even if there is a power failure.
D It’s hard to set up but can be moved from one place to another.
11. What’s the main idea of the text
A. The weather-the most unpredictable element in the world.
B. The importance of knowing and understanding the weather.
C. The weather and its effects on people’s daily life.
D. Good reasons for having wireless weather stations.
D
2019·河南省实验中学高一期中）They may be small，but they build big things！Coral polyps（珊瑚虫），which live in the warm parts of the Earth’s oceans，are probably the biggest builders on the planet. Coral polyps turn calcium（钙）from seawater into a kind of hard stone. Slowly，they build up a hard skeleton（外骨骼）around their bodies. When polyps die，their skeletons remain. Young polyps attach themselves to the old skeletons and make new skeletons. Over time，various shapes are slowly built up into amazing coral reefs（珊瑚礁）.
Scientists sometimes think of coral reefs as underwater cities. There are nearly a thousand coral species. Reefs are also home to millions of sea creatures，like fish crabs，turtles，and sharks Humans don’t live in coral reef cities，but we get a lot from them. Reefs create jobs for people in the fishing industry and other related businesses. They also supply us with food Reefs protect our coasts-the coral slows waves down and protects beaches from wearing. Chemicals from reef creatures help scientists create new medicines，which help doctors treat different illnesses.
Coral reefs are very important，yet we don’t take good care of them. Environmental problems have already killed about twenty percent of the world’s reefs. About half of the remaining reefs are dying，and experts believe all of Earths coral reefs will be in danger by 2050.
People catch too many reef fish and often damage the reefs Polluted water also causes problems because reef-destroying algae（海藻） grow in dirty water. Even air pollution hurts coral reefs. Global warming causes warmer ocean water，which can cause polyps to lose helpful algae. Without the algae，coral turns white. If it continues the coral dies。
Can we save coral reefs Experts say yes if we make hard choices. Many people around the world are working to protect reefs. Humans and coral polyps are very different but we both build amazing cities. We will both win if people protect our beautiful oceans。
12. What can be learned about coral reefs
A. They turn calcium into stones.
B. They can be found in cold waters.
C. They provide food for coral polyps.
D. They are formed by the growth of coral.
13. How do coral reefs help humans
A. By taking in pollution.
B. By protecting beaches.
C. By improving the environment.
D. By giving out important chemicals.
14. The helpful algae give coral its______.
A. hardness B. size C. color D. shape
15. What would be the best title for the text
A. Cities in the sea
B. Reefs in trouble
C. why are reefs important
D. How can we protect coral reefs
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2019·湖北黄冈中学高一期末）It’s reported that the Great Fire attacked London in the 17th century. The fire started in the very early hours of the day. In four days it destroyed more than three-quarters of the old city，where most of the houses were wooden and close together. 16
On Sunday morning the fire started in the house of the Kings baker in Pudding Lane. The baker，with his wife and family，was able to get out through a window in the roof. 17 Then it spread quickly into Thames Street. That was he be.
By eight o’clock three hundred houses were on fire. On Monday nearly a kilometre of the city was burning along the River Thames. 18 The fire destroyed many well-known buildings，old St Paul’s and the guildhall among them.
People threw their things into the river. Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment. 19 The fire stopped only when the King finally ordered people to destroy hundreds of buildings in the path of the fire. With nothing left to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.
After the fire，the city was expected to be rebuilt with wider streets and fine new houses of stone. 20 But more than fifty churches were also rebuilt，new St Paul’s among them.
Although great pain and loss were caused by the fire，after it London was rebuilt as a better place---a city for the future and not just of the past.
A. Tuesday was the worst day, for more buildings were caught in the fire.
B. In fact, the streets were still narrow after totally rebuilt.
C. At last, the streets became much wider.
D. The family were able to survive the fire after all.
E. The homeless had to wander in the streets for there was no shelter to stay in.
F. A strong wind blew the fire from the bakery into a small hotel next door.
G. One hundred thousand people became homeless, but only a few lost their lives.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给 的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（金星原创）My country doesn’t experience dangerous natural disasters. However，sometimes spring floods happen in low areas. It can be strong enough to 21 crop fields and roads. It is also 22 for the livestock. A flood is pretty 23 for the countryside.
In summer, rainstorms 24 cause serious damage to buildings or people. Some trees might be destroyed, 25 people actually don’t pay much attention because they make 26 appearance In winter, we sometimes experience 27 storm. Several years ago people couldn’t arrive at their jobs because of the heavy snow. Schools were closed, but children werent28 about it. They were really 29 the snow mountains outdoors.
But I was 30 about that day. My house is 31 on a hill, so I never had 32 with driving a car near my home. However, my car couldn’t move because of the snow on the road. I had to ask my friends to 33 the car out of the snow. Later, my friends and I were laughing when we imagined how 34 I was while pushing a heavy car.
Natural disasters in my country depend on the 35 of the year. Although we experience a few, they are not very dangerous, and people often try to have fun during or after them.
21. A. damage B. ruin C. influence D. food
22. A. beneficial B. necessary C. dangerous D. exciting
23. A. destructive B. valuable C. important D. harmful
24. A. sometimes B. never C. always D. even
25. A. yet B. thus C. instead D. for
26. A. better B. regular C. rare D. active
27. A. rain B. wind C. snow D. thunder
28. A. happy B. upset C. excite D. disappoint
29. A. excited at B. worried about C. satisfied with D. tired of
30. A. thrilled B. unhappy C. concerned D. surprised
31. A. located B. seen C. moved D. trapped
32. A. ease B. ways C. advantages D. problems
33. A. repair B. push C. find D. search
34. A. foolish B. brave C. funny D. clever
35. A. climate B. seasons C. luck D. festivals
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2019·江西九江一中高一期中）I climbed Kilimanjaro with Lava Expeditions during the rainy season.
I 36 (fly) to Nairobi in Kenya and spent several days there. At my hotel in Nairobi I met the rest of the group with whom I would spend the next week. We all travelled on the bus together for 37 8-hou our Journey into Tanzania and then Arusha，a quiet town.
After we arrived at our hotel in Arusha，we had dinner and a few drinks. Then we 38 (introduce）to more members including Taddeus Minja，the main guide 39 was very experienced-climbing Kilimanjaro runs through the generations of 40 （he）family The next day the lava expeditions members checked if we had the correct and enough clothing for our expedition on Kilimanjaro. Only one person needed to bring 41 (many）clothes.
After that we set off， 42 (walk）in the rain through the beauty of the rainforest，all the way to the first camp. I was happy the next few days as the view was so wonderful and changed every day. I suffered a little during the trip and I felt so tired. But the members of lava expeditions provided me with lots of encouragement，which was one of the best 43 (memory）Finally we reached the top of Kilimanjaro in bright blue skies.
I felt excited about climbing Kilimanjaro and the feeling didn’t change during my trip. The fellow members of Lava Expeditions looked 44 me so well that I was 45 (deep) thankful for their help.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假设你是校学生会主席李华，学校将举办一次主题为 “How to stay safe during an earthquake”的讲座。请你根据以下提示用英语写一份书面通知。
1.背景：去年此时该地发生地震，给当地人民造成了定的损失：部分房屋倒塌，
人员被困；部分道路受阻，供水供电中断；死伤人数超过50。
2.讲座地点：校体育馆
讲座时间：周六下午2：0--4：00
主讲人：李辉老师
要求：全体学生按时到场，认真听讲。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：损失los；体育馆gym；讲座 lecture
Notice
A lecture on how to stay safe during an earthquake is around the corner.________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student’s Union
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A big earthquake hit a small town In the middle of the chaos，a father left his wife securely at home and rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be，only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake。
As he looked at the pile of debris（废墟）that once was the school，tears began to fill his eyes. After the initial sadness and shock，he remembered the promise he had made to his son， “No matter what happens，I’ll always be there for you！” Remembering his sons classroom would be in the back right corner of the building，he rushed there and started digging through the stones.
As he was digging，other parents arrived，clapping hands to their chests，saying, “My son！” “My daughter！”Other well-meaning parents tried to pull him off what left of the school，saying， “It’s too late！” “They’re dead!” “You’re going to make things worse!”
To each parent he answered with one line， “Are you going to help me now？”And then he kept digging for his son，stone by stone.
The fire chief（消防队长）showed up and tried to pull him off the school’s debris，saying，Fires are breaking out. Explosions are happening everywhere. You’re in danger. We’ll take care of it. Go home. This loving，caring father asked， “Are you going to help me now？”
The police came and said, “You’re angry，anxious but it’s over. You put others in danger. Go home. We’ll handle it!” He replied, “Are you going to help me now？”No one helped. Courageously he dug alone because he needed to know for himself： “Is my boy alive or is he dead？”
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
He dug for 8 hours…12 hours…24 hours...36 hours… and then, in the 38th hour, he removed a big stone and heard some noise.________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“How many of you are there below ” he shouted.__________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案及解析：
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震发生的原因并结合实例说明不同程度的地震所带来的影响是不一样的。
1. D段意概括题。由第一段内容可知本段主要讲述了地震是如何发生的：地球板块的相互碰撞导致压力不断聚集，直至板块的破裂，这个过程会引起地面的移动，地震也随之发生。故D项正确，其余三项概括不完整
2. C词义猜测题。由下文对1906年地震的描述可知，火灾是地震发生后引起的，由此可以推断 ensuing表示“因而发生的”，故C项正确。
3. B写作意图题。本段第一句是主旨句。1972年地震发生，而15年后，该城的状况仍和当年地震发生一周后一样，表明地震带来的破坏可能会持续很长时间。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。地震发生之后，一位妈妈被埋在倒塌的房屋之
下，她用身体保护了自己仅仅几个月大的孩子，并在手机上给他留言：我亲爱的宝贝，如果你能活着，不要忘了我是多么爱你。所有这一切都体现了母爱的伟大。
4. D细节理解题。由第一段中的“…just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.”可知，这位母亲已经被倒塌的房子压得变了形，故选D。
5. B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He was in a deep sleep.”可知，这个婴儿在
熟睡，故选B。
6. B细节理解题。由第二、三段内容可知，营救人员通过废墟缝隙碰触她，朝她一遍一遍地喊话，用不同的工具敲打砖头，但都没有任何回答，于是他们走向下
一栋楼。故B项正确。
7. D主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了在一次地震中，一位母亲为了救自己的孩子，让自己的身躯承受房屋倒塌的重量，同时还在手机上给孩子留了言。这些都反映
了母爱的伟大。故选D。
C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了无线气象台的作用与好处。
8. B推理判断题。本段前半部分介绍一般的天气预报会带来的问题，到最后一句用了 however来说明使用“wireless weather stations”就可以解决这个问题，所以本段主要是阐明无线气象台的作用和价值的。
9. A词义猜测题。从本句看，前半部分说的是，农民和渔民依赖天气，因此“使用最新的天气信息”就是“有必要的，必须的”，故选A。
10. C推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的 The up-to-date，Instant weather reports可知，无线气象台的天气预报播报很迅速，因此A项表述错误；B项在文中找不到理论依据；根据最后一段的第一句“The weather stations…ensuring they will work even if there is a power-cut.”可知，即使停电，它也能继续工作，故C项正确；由最后一段的第一句 The weather stations are very simple to set up可知，无线气象台很容易建立，故D项表述错误
11. D主旨大意题。综合全篇来看，文章在讲述天线气象台的优势和好处，所以选择D项。
D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了珊瑚礁的形成，对人类的作用以及因为人类活动对珊瑚造成的损害。
12. D推理判断题。根据第一段所述，珊瑚虫死后，它们的外骨骼留了下来，这些骨骼越积越多，最后就成了珊瑚礁，故选择D项。
13. B细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“Reefs protect our coasts-the coral slows waves down and protects beaches from wearing.”可知，它们能保护海滩免受海浪的侵蚀，故B项正确。
14. C推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Without the algae，coral turns white.”可推知珊瑚的颜色是在海藻的帮助下形成的，所以选择C项。
15. A主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了珊瑚礁的形成，珊瑚礁对于人类的意义，珊瑚面临的问题等，最后一段简单提及我们人类对珊瑚的保护问题，所以B、C、D三个选项都是其中的一部分，是片面的，故选A。另外，第二段中的“Scientists sometimes think of coral reefs as underwater cities.”也给出了提示。
第二节
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者向我们描述了17世纪的一场大火袭击了伦敦，尽管十万人无家可归，但只有少数人失去了生命。
16. G根据前文“In four days it destroyed more than three-quarters of the old city.”可知，接下来应该描述火灾的损失，故选G项 “十万人无家可归，但只有少数人失去了生命”。
17. F根据前文提到的 baker及后文“Then it spread quickly into Thames Street.”可推知此处要讲火势是如何从面包店蔓延开的，故选F项“一股强风把面包店的火吹到隔壁的一家小旅馆里”。
18. A根据前文中的“On Monday…”可锁定A项中的 Tuesday，代入后正合语境，故选A项“星期二是最糟糕的一天，因为更多的建筑物被烧着了”。
19. E根据前文“Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment.”可知很多人的房子都被烧毁了，故此处选E项 “无家可归的人不得不在街上徘徊，因为没有庇护所”。
20. B根据前文 the city was expected to be rebuilt with wider streets（人们本期望城市重建后街道会变宽）可推知该空填B项“事实上，街道整个重建后仍然狭窄”，且与后文 But more than fifty churches were also rebuilt衔接紧密。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己的国家一年四季自然灾害的情况。从春天的洪水、夏天的暴风雨，到冬天的风雪，使人们对其有了基本的了解。同时，作者还分享了自己遭遇风雪的一次经历。
21. A上下文语境题。根据全文看，作者国家的自然灾害虽然有，但是都不严重。根据文章第一句，作者的国家不会遭受危险的自然灾害，但是还是会有损害的，故此处选择 damage，说明影响不大。ruin毁灭；influence影响；food淹没，泛滥。
22. C上下语境题。上文提到春天的洪水会损害庄稼地和道路，所以此处为也对牲畜有危险（dangerous），故选C项。beneficial有益的；necessary必要的；exciting令人兴奋的。
23. D上文语境题。上文几句话提到的都是春洪的影响，虽不严重，但是还是有害（harmful），故选D项。destructive毁灭性的；valuable有价值的；Important重要的。
24. B下文语境题。根据下文提到的“实际上人们并不关注”可知夏季的暴雨不会造成严重的损失，故选择 never（从不）。sometimes有时；always总是；even甚至。
25. A逻辑关系题。空白前说可能有些树会受到损害，下文说人们实际上并不注意，前后形成转折关系，故用 yet。thus因此；instead相反的；for因为。
26. C上文语境题。上文提到夏天的暴雨，人们并不注意它们，当然是因为它们“很少”出现，故选 rare。better更好的；regular有规律的；active积极的。
27. C上文语境题。上文提到了冬天，那么就应该是snow“雪”了。rain雨；wind风；thunder雷。
28. B上下文语境题。上文说学校停课，but又表示转折，所以下文说孩子们喜欢在户外的雪山上玩，所以上文表示孩子们对学校停课感到高兴，没有感到“不安，不高兴”，故选 upset happy高兴的，excited激动的，disappointed失望的。
29. A上下文语境题。上文叙述孩子们对学校停课没有感到不高兴且 really又进一步提示，下文说在户外的雪山上，所以孩子们应该是很兴奋。be excited at对……感到兴奋，符合此处的话境。be worried about担心……；be satisfied with对……感到淸意；be tired of厌烦……
30. B上下文语境题。上文提到下雪时孩子们很高兴，but表示转折，下文提到作者开车遇雪的事情，故是不高兴的（unhappy）事，选择B项。thrilled兴奋的；concerned关心的；surprised惊讶的。
31. A上下文语境题。作者说自己家的房子，空白后说“在山上”，故说的是位置，所以选择 located“坐落于”。see看到；move搬家搬动；trap困住。
32. D上下文语境题。空格前有 never，空格后有 however表示转折，叙述了自己遇到了问题。所以空白处表示没有困难(problem），故选D项。ease轻松，容易；way方法；advantages优势。
33. B上下文语境题。上文提到作者的车不能动了，下文说车要out of the snow，所以应该是推（push）车。repair修理，find找到，发现，search搜查，寻找。
34. C上下文语境题。上文提到作者和朋友大笑，下文说作者推车的样子，当然应该是“滑稽可笑的”，故用 funny。foolish愚蠢的；brave勇敢的；clever聪明的。
35. B上文语境题。作者在上文介绍了春季、夏季和冬季的天气状况，所以此处意为“我的国家的自然灾害取决于一年当中的季节（season）”，故选B项“季节”。climate气候；luck运气festival节日。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和探险队的成员起爬乞力马扎罗山的一次经历。
36. few考查时态。and为并列连词，and后面用了过去式，故此处也用过去式。
37. an考查冠词。8-hour的读音是以元音音素开头，故用an。an8-hour journey一次8小时的旅程。
38. were introduced考查时态和语态。we与 introduce之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且表示过去发生的情况，故用were introduced。
39. who考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是 Thaddeus Minja，从句中缺少主语，故用who。
40. his考查代词。修饰名词 family，用形容词性物主代词。
41. more考查形容词比较级。句意：只有一个人需要带更多的衣服。
42. walking考查现在分词作状语。句子的主干是 we set off，_____in the rain.在句中作状语，此处用现在分词形式。
43. memories考查名词复数。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”。
44. after考查介词。look after意为“照顾”，是固定搭配。
45. deeply考查形容词变为副词。空格处需用副词修饰形容词thankful。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Notice
A lecture on how to stay safe during an earthquake is around the corner.
A strong earthquake hit our city at this time last year, which caused a big loss. Some houses fell down and some people were trapped under the ruins. Some roads were blocked by stones and bricks. Water and electricity were cut off. The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached over 50.
In order to improve the ability to protect ourselves in an earth quake, Mr. Li Hui will give us a lecture in the gym of our school on Saturday. The lecture will start at 2 pm and last 2 hours. Everyone in our school is requested to be present on time and listen attentively.
The Students’ Union
第二节
One possible version:
He dug for 8 hours… 12 hours…24 hours…36 hours… and then in the 38th hour, he removed a big stone and heard some noise. He called out his son’s name, “Armand!” He heard a voice. “Dad It’s me, Dad!” It was his son! He was still alive! He felt wild with joy and shouted, “Armand, are you OK “His son shouted loud back, “Dad, I’m OK. I know you’ll come! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if my father were alive, he would save me. When he saved me, they would be saved. You promised, ‘No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!’ You did it, Dad!”
“How many of you are there below “he shouted. “There are 14 of us left out of 33.We’re scared and hungry. When the building fell down in the earthquake, it made a triangle area, and it saved us.” “Come out, boy!” “No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you’ll get me! No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me!”
【续写提示】本文记叙了一位父亲信守对儿子的承诺“无论发生什么事情，我总会在你身边”，在地震发生后坚持救援不放弃，在38小时之后，终于救出了儿子及其同学的故事。续写第一段由提示8 hours...12 hours…24 hours…36 hours…和 heard some noise可知，续写要以父亲与儿子的对话为主，要体现出父亲急切的心情。注意原文下划线中有一句话“No matter what happens，I’ll always be there for you！”，这是父亲对儿子的承诺。续写的时候，这句话一定要用上，这样才能表达出是父亲对儿子的这个承诺让他们坚持了近40个小时。
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第一部分:阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选 出最佳选项。
A
An earthquake happens when two plates rub together. The earth plates travel in different directions and at different speeds. If one plate is slowly forced underneath the other pressure（压力）builds up until the plates break apart. This process（过程）causes the ground to move. It is an earth quake. In other words，earthquakes are the shaking of the earth’s surface caused by the earth’s rocky outer layer as a result of the energy stored within the earth. The strain within the rocks is suddenly released（释放）.
The damage an earthquake causes depends on where it is and the time it is happening. If an unpopulated region is struck，there will be low loss of life or property（财产）.If it hits a large city，there may be many injuries and much destruction. Many of the areas at risk are largely populated now. Major earthquakes hitting those areas today could produce terrible damage.
Actually，there are several million small earthquakes every year. Large earthquakes，such as the 1964 Alaskan quake that measured 8.4 on the Richter scale，caused millions of dollars in damage. In the last 500 years，millions of people have been killed by earthquakes around the world-including over 240，000 in the 1976 Tangshan earthquake in China.
A 60-second or less earthquake can cause devastation that continues for years after the first tremor. In 1972, a series of severe earthquakes struck Managua, Nicaragua. Fifteen years later, the city still looked the way it had a week after the earthquake hit, because the country did not have the necessary money to rebuild it.
The shaking of the earth is sometimes not the greatest disaster. It is in the ensuing fires and floods that often the greatest damage occurs. In the 1906 earthquake, it was the fires caused after it that did the majority of the damage. An earthquake can also destroy dams high above a city or valleys, causing floods to sweep down and sweep away everything in their path.
1. Which of the following is the main idea of the first paragraph
A. An earthquake comes from the inside of the earth.
B. The earth has great energy in storage.
C. How the earth plates move.
D. How an earthquake happens.
2. The underlined word “ensuing” in the last paragraph l probably means ____.
A. causing too much heat and great damage
B. causing many injuries and much destruction
C. happening as a result of another event
D. happening suddenly and unexpectedly
3. By giving the example in Paragraph 4, the author wants to show that ____-.
A. an earthquake doesn’t last long
B. the damage can last long
C. people in Managua suffered too much
D. Nicaragua is still a poor country
B
The mom had died when the rescuers found her after the terrible earthquake. She was covered by a destroyed house Through gaps(缝隙) of those ruins, the rescuers could see her last posture(姿势). It was something like an ancient person who was kowtowing(叩头), but it just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.
The rescuers confirmed (证明) her death by touching her through the gaps of the ruins. They shouted at the ruins again and again, and knocked the bricks using various tools but there was no reply inside.
Then the rescuing team went to the next building. Suddenly the leader ran back, calling “Come here.” He came to the body, put his hands under the woman, feeling and touching, and then shouted loudly and glad. “ There is someone, a baby, still living.”
Through some efforts, rescuers cleaned up the ruins which blocked her. Under her body lay her baby, who was covered by a small red quilt. He was about 3 or 4 months old. Since well protected by his mother’s body, he was safe. He lovely and peaceful face warmed everyone around him. The doctor, along with the rescuing team, took the baby out of the quilt to check if the baby was all right, and he found there was a mobile phone in the quilt. The doctor looked at the screen; a written message was already there: “My dear baby, if you could live, don’t forget how much I love you.” As a doctor, he experienced much of this type of separation, but at this moment, he cried. The mobile phone was passed, and every person who saw this message shed tears.
4. When the rescuers found the mom, she____.
A. was using her mobile phone to ask for help
B. begged the rescuers to save her baby first
C. was struggling with the pressure
D. didn’t have the normal shape
5. When the baby was rescued, he_______--.
A. was smiling a lot
B. was falling asleep
C. was listening carefully
D was frightened to death
6. Which of the following is TRUE
A. The mom was kowtowing when the rescuers found her.
B. The rescuers didn’t leave until they were sure the woman had been dead.
C. The little baby was found behind the mom.
D. The rescuers carried the baby out without difficulty.
7. The passage is mainly about ______.
A. a story of saving a mother and her baby
B. the disaster of a terrible earthquake
C. the rescuers’ hard work after an earthquake
D. the great love of a mother in an earthquake
C
（2019·安徽省级示范高中联考高一期中）The weather affects many aspects of people’s daily life. Knowing and understanding what the weather is doing is useful However，the weather is also one of the most unpredictable elements in the world. Although many people watch the morning news and gather the information about the weather，this is often wrong. Whole days can be mined by believing that the weather will be one thing，when it turns out to be another. However，owning wireless weather stations allows the owners to monitor（监视，检查）the weather for themselves.
Not only will these weather stations allow the owners to see what the weather is doing，but it is personalized（个性化）to them and their area. Wireless weather stations are specifically prepared for the immediate neighborhood. Plans will be able to be made，and important decisions will no long be ruined by bad weather
Although these weather stations are typically seen in homes，they can also be used very easily on farms and fishing boats. Both farmers and fishermen rely on the weather for their business and using up-to-date weather information is quite indispensable. By using the wireless weather stations，it can determine for them when to harvest crops and head back to the shore. Because of the size of the weather station，they can be moved very easily and used wherever necessary for people.
The wireless weather stations are great for all homes, especially for areas that suffer from extreme weather conditions. The up-to-date，instant weather reports will allow a person to monitor what the weather is doing and if the bad weather is heading in their direction. Extreme weather tends to come very quickly；therefore，any information that is received is helpful.
The weather stations are very simple to set up and are run by solar panels（太阳能板），ensuring they will work even if there is a power-cut. They are far smaller than those in previous years and give a couple of very simple read-outs for the owner. They are easy to use and fascinating to understand.
8. From Paragraph 2, the author intends to ________.
A. show us how unpredictable the weather used to be
B. explain the value of having wireless weather stations
C. make it clear how popular the morning news is
D. show how people got weather information in the past
9. What does the underlined word “indispensable” in Paragraph 4 mean
A. Necessary. B. Indifferent C. Attractive D. Impossible
10. What can we learn about a wireless weather station
A. The information it provides is slow but more specific.
B. It is economical and saves money in the long run.
C. It can continue to work even if there is a power failure.
D It’s hard to set up but can be moved from one place to another.
11. What’s the main idea of the text
A. The weather-the most unpredictable element in the world.
B. The importance of knowing and understanding the weather.
C. The weather and its effects on people’s daily life.
D. Good reasons for having wireless weather stations.
D
2019·河南省实验中学高一期中）They may be small，but they build big things！Coral polyps（珊瑚虫），which live in the warm parts of the Earth’s oceans，are probably the biggest builders on the planet. Coral polyps turn calcium（钙）from seawater into a kind of hard stone. Slowly，they build up a hard skeleton（外骨骼）around their bodies. When polyps die，their skeletons remain. Young polyps attach themselves to the old skeletons and make new skeletons. Over time，various shapes are slowly built up into amazing coral reefs（珊瑚礁）.
Scientists sometimes think of coral reefs as underwater cities. There are nearly a thousand coral species. Reefs are also home to millions of sea creatures，like fish crabs，turtles，and sharks Humans don’t live in coral reef cities，but we get a lot from them. Reefs create jobs for people in the fishing industry and other related businesses. They also supply us with food Reefs protect our coasts-the coral slows waves down and protects beaches from wearing. Chemicals from reef creatures help scientists create new medicines，which help doctors treat different illnesses.
Coral reefs are very important，yet we don’t take good care of them. Environmental problems have already killed about twenty percent of the world’s reefs. About half of the remaining reefs are dying，and experts believe all of Earths coral reefs will be in danger by 2050.
People catch too many reef fish and often damage the reefs Polluted water also causes problems because reef-destroying algae（海藻） grow in dirty water. Even air pollution hurts coral reefs. Global warming causes warmer ocean water，which can cause polyps to lose helpful algae. Without the algae，coral turns white. If it continues the coral dies。
Can we save coral reefs Experts say yes if we make hard choices. Many people around the world are working to protect reefs. Humans and coral polyps are very different but we both build amazing cities. We will both win if people protect our beautiful oceans。
12. What can be learned about coral reefs
A. They turn calcium into stones.
B. They can be found in cold waters.
C. They provide food for coral polyps.
D. They are formed by the growth of coral.
13. How do coral reefs help humans
A. By taking in pollution.
B. By protecting beaches.
C. By improving the environment.
D. By giving out important chemicals.
14. The helpful algae give coral its______.
A. hardness B. size C. color D. shape
15. What would be the best title for the text
A. Cities in the sea
B. Reefs in trouble
C. why are reefs important
D. How can we protect coral reefs
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2019·湖北黄冈中学高一期末）It’s reported that the Great Fire attacked London in the 17th century. The fire started in the very early hours of the day. In four days it destroyed more than three-quarters of the old city，where most of the houses were wooden and close together. 16
On Sunday morning the fire started in the house of the Kings baker in Pudding Lane. The baker，with his wife and family，was able to get out through a window in the roof. 17 Then it spread quickly into Thames Street. That was he be.
By eight o’clock three hundred houses were on fire. On Monday nearly a kilometre of the city was burning along the River Thames. 18 The fire destroyed many well-known buildings，old St Paul’s and the guildhall among them.
People threw their things into the river. Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment. 19 The fire stopped only when the King finally ordered people to destroy hundreds of buildings in the path of the fire. With nothing left to burn，the fire became weak and finally died out.
After the fire，the city was expected to be rebuilt with wider streets and fine new houses of stone. 20 But more than fifty churches were also rebuilt，new St Paul’s among them.
Although great pain and loss were caused by the fire，after it London was rebuilt as a better place---a city for the future and not just of the past.
A. Tuesday was the worst day, for more buildings were caught in the fire.
B. In fact, the streets were still narrow after totally rebuilt.
C. At last, the streets became much wider.
D. The family were able to survive the fire after all.
E. The homeless had to wander in the streets for there was no shelter to stay in.
F. A strong wind blew the fire from the bakery into a small hotel next door.
G. One hundred thousand people became homeless, but only a few lost their lives.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给 的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（金星原创）My country doesn’t experience dangerous natural disasters. However，sometimes spring floods happen in low areas. It can be strong enough to 21 crop fields and roads. It is also 22 for the livestock. A flood is pretty 23 for the countryside.
In summer, rainstorms 24 cause serious damage to buildings or people. Some trees might be destroyed, 25 people actually don’t pay much attention because they make 26 appearance In winter, we sometimes experience 27 storm. Several years ago people couldn’t arrive at their jobs because of the heavy snow. Schools were closed, but children werent28 about it. They were really 29 the snow mountains outdoors.
But I was 30 about that day. My house is 31 on a hill, so I never had 32 with driving a car near my home. However, my car couldn’t move because of the snow on the road. I had to ask my friends to 33 the car out of the snow. Later, my friends and I were laughing when we imagined how 34 I was while pushing a heavy car.
Natural disasters in my country depend on the 35 of the year. Although we experience a few, they are not very dangerous, and people often try to have fun during or after them.
21. A. damage B. ruin C. influence D. food
22. A. beneficial B. necessary C. dangerous D. exciting
23. A. destructive B. valuable C. important D. harmful
24. A. sometimes B. never C. always D. even
25. A. yet B. thus C. instead D. for
26. A. better B. regular C. rare D. active
27. A. rain B. wind C. snow D. thunder
28. A. happy B. upset C. excite D. disappoint
29. A. excited at B. worried about C. satisfied with D. tired of
30. A. thrilled B. unhappy C. concerned D. surprised
31. A. located B. seen C. moved D. trapped
32. A. ease B. ways C. advantages D. problems
33. A. repair B. push C. find D. search
34. A. foolish B. brave C. funny D. clever
35. A. climate B. seasons C. luck D. festivals
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2019·江西九江一中高一期中）I climbed Kilimanjaro with Lava Expeditions during the rainy season.
I 36 (fly) to Nairobi in Kenya and spent several days there. At my hotel in Nairobi I met the rest of the group with whom I would spend the next week. We all travelled on the bus together for 37 8-hou our Journey into Tanzania and then Arusha，a quiet town.
After we arrived at our hotel in Arusha，we had dinner and a few drinks. Then we 38 (introduce）to more members including Taddeus Minja，the main guide 39 was very experienced-climbing Kilimanjaro runs through the generations of 40 （he）family The next day the lava expeditions members checked if we had the correct and enough clothing for our expedition on Kilimanjaro. Only one person needed to bring 41 (many）clothes.
After that we set off， 42 (walk）in the rain through the beauty of the rainforest，all the way to the first camp. I was happy the next few days as the view was so wonderful and changed every day. I suffered a little during the trip and I felt so tired. But the members of lava expeditions provided me with lots of encouragement，which was one of the best 43 (memory）Finally we reached the top of Kilimanjaro in bright blue skies.
I felt excited about climbing Kilimanjaro and the feeling didn’t change during my trip. The fellow members of Lava Expeditions looked 44 me so well that I was 45 (deep) thankful for their help.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
假设你是校学生会主席李华，学校将举办一次主题为 “How to stay safe during an earthquake”的讲座。请你根据以下提示用英语写一份书面通知。
1.背景：去年此时该地发生地震，给当地人民造成了定的损失：部分房屋倒塌，
人员被困；部分道路受阻，供水供电中断；死伤人数超过50。
2.讲座地点：校体育馆
讲座时间：周六下午2：0--4：00
主讲人：李辉老师
要求：全体学生按时到场，认真听讲。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数；
3.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：损失los；体育馆gym；讲座 lecture
Notice
A lecture on how to stay safe during an earthquake is around the corner.________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
The Student’s Union
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
A big earthquake hit a small town In the middle of the chaos，a father left his wife securely at home and rushed to the school where his son was supposed to be，only to discover that the building was as flat as a pancake。
As he looked at the pile of debris（废墟）that once was the school，tears began to fill his eyes. After the initial sadness and shock，he remembered the promise he had made to his son， “No matter what happens，I’ll always be there for you！” Remembering his sons classroom would be in the back right corner of the building，he rushed there and started digging through the stones.
As he was digging，other parents arrived，clapping hands to their chests，saying, “My son！” “My daughter！”Other well-meaning parents tried to pull him off what left of the school，saying， “It’s too late！” “They’re dead!” “You’re going to make things worse!”
To each parent he answered with one line， “Are you going to help me now？”And then he kept digging for his son，stone by stone.
The fire chief（消防队长）showed up and tried to pull him off the school’s debris，saying，Fires are breaking out. Explosions are happening everywhere. You’re in danger. We’ll take care of it. Go home. This loving，caring father asked， “Are you going to help me now？”
The police came and said, “You’re angry，anxious but it’s over. You put others in danger. Go home. We’ll handle it!” He replied, “Are you going to help me now？”No one helped. Courageously he dug alone because he needed to know for himself： “Is my boy alive or is he dead？”
注意：
1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1:
He dug for 8 hours…12 hours…24 hours...36 hours… and then, in the 38th hour, he removed a big stone and heard some noise.________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
“How many of you are there below ” he shouted.__________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案及解析：
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了地震发生的原因并结合实例说明不同程度的地震所带来的影响是不一样的。
1. D段意概括题。由第一段内容可知本段主要讲述了地震是如何发生的：地球板块的相互碰撞导致压力不断聚集，直至板块的破裂，这个过程会引起地面的移动，地震也随之发生。故D项正确，其余三项概括不完整
2. C词义猜测题。由下文对1906年地震的描述可知，火灾是地震发生后引起的，由此可以推断 ensuing表示“因而发生的”，故C项正确。
3. B写作意图题。本段第一句是主旨句。1972年地震发生，而15年后，该城的状况仍和当年地震发生一周后一样，表明地震带来的破坏可能会持续很长时间。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。地震发生之后，一位妈妈被埋在倒塌的房屋之
下，她用身体保护了自己仅仅几个月大的孩子，并在手机上给他留言：我亲爱的宝贝，如果你能活着，不要忘了我是多么爱你。所有这一切都体现了母爱的伟大。
4. D细节理解题。由第一段中的“…just looked strange because she was out of shape by pressure.”可知，这位母亲已经被倒塌的房子压得变了形，故选D。
5. B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He was in a deep sleep.”可知，这个婴儿在
熟睡，故选B。
6. B细节理解题。由第二、三段内容可知，营救人员通过废墟缝隙碰触她，朝她一遍一遍地喊话，用不同的工具敲打砖头，但都没有任何回答，于是他们走向下
一栋楼。故B项正确。
7. D主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了在一次地震中，一位母亲为了救自己的孩子，让自己的身躯承受房屋倒塌的重量，同时还在手机上给孩子留了言。这些都反映
了母爱的伟大。故选D。
C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了无线气象台的作用与好处。
8. B推理判断题。本段前半部分介绍一般的天气预报会带来的问题，到最后一句用了 however来说明使用“wireless weather stations”就可以解决这个问题，所以本段主要是阐明无线气象台的作用和价值的。
9. A词义猜测题。从本句看，前半部分说的是，农民和渔民依赖天气，因此“使用最新的天气信息”就是“有必要的，必须的”，故选A。
10. C推理判断题。由倒数第二段中的 The up-to-date，Instant weather reports可知，无线气象台的天气预报播报很迅速，因此A项表述错误；B项在文中找不到理论依据；根据最后一段的第一句“The weather stations…ensuring they will work even if there is a power-cut.”可知，即使停电，它也能继续工作，故C项正确；由最后一段的第一句 The weather stations are very simple to set up可知，无线气象台很容易建立，故D项表述错误
11. D主旨大意题。综合全篇来看，文章在讲述天线气象台的优势和好处，所以选择D项。
D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了珊瑚礁的形成，对人类的作用以及因为人类活动对珊瑚造成的损害。
12. D推理判断题。根据第一段所述，珊瑚虫死后，它们的外骨骼留了下来，这些骨骼越积越多，最后就成了珊瑚礁，故选择D项。
13. B细节理解题。根据第三段第四句“Reefs protect our coasts-the coral slows waves down and protects beaches from wearing.”可知，它们能保护海滩免受海浪的侵蚀，故B项正确。
14. C推理判断题。根据第五段中的“Without the algae，coral turns white.”可推知珊瑚的颜色是在海藻的帮助下形成的，所以选择C项。
15. A主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了珊瑚礁的形成，珊瑚礁对于人类的意义，珊瑚面临的问题等，最后一段简单提及我们人类对珊瑚的保护问题，所以B、C、D三个选项都是其中的一部分，是片面的，故选A。另外，第二段中的“Scientists sometimes think of coral reefs as underwater cities.”也给出了提示。
第二节
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。作者向我们描述了17世纪的一场大火袭击了伦敦，尽管十万人无家可归，但只有少数人失去了生命。
16. G根据前文“In four days it destroyed more than three-quarters of the old city.”可知，接下来应该描述火灾的损失，故选G项 “十万人无家可归，但只有少数人失去了生命”。
17. F根据前文提到的 baker及后文“Then it spread quickly into Thames Street.”可推知此处要讲火势是如何从面包店蔓延开的，故选F项“一股强风把面包店的火吹到隔壁的一家小旅馆里”。
18. A根据前文中的“On Monday…”可锁定A项中的 Tuesday，代入后正合语境，故选A项“星期二是最糟糕的一天，因为更多的建筑物被烧着了”。
19. E根据前文“Many poor people stayed in their houses until the last moment.”可知很多人的房子都被烧毁了，故此处选E项 “无家可归的人不得不在街上徘徊，因为没有庇护所”。
20. B根据前文 the city was expected to be rebuilt with wider streets（人们本期望城市重建后街道会变宽）可推知该空填B项“事实上，街道整个重建后仍然狭窄”，且与后文 But more than fifty churches were also rebuilt衔接紧密。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者介绍了自己的国家一年四季自然灾害的情况。从春天的洪水、夏天的暴风雨，到冬天的风雪，使人们对其有了基本的了解。同时，作者还分享了自己遭遇风雪的一次经历。
21. A上下文语境题。根据全文看，作者国家的自然灾害虽然有，但是都不严重。根据文章第一句，作者的国家不会遭受危险的自然灾害，但是还是会有损害的，故此处选择 damage，说明影响不大。ruin毁灭；influence影响；food淹没，泛滥。
22. C上下语境题。上文提到春天的洪水会损害庄稼地和道路，所以此处为也对牲畜有危险（dangerous），故选C项。beneficial有益的；necessary必要的；exciting令人兴奋的。
23. D上文语境题。上文几句话提到的都是春洪的影响，虽不严重，但是还是有害（harmful），故选D项。destructive毁灭性的；valuable有价值的；Important重要的。
24. B下文语境题。根据下文提到的“实际上人们并不关注”可知夏季的暴雨不会造成严重的损失，故选择 never（从不）。sometimes有时；always总是；even甚至。
25. A逻辑关系题。空白前说可能有些树会受到损害，下文说人们实际上并不注意，前后形成转折关系，故用 yet。thus因此；instead相反的；for因为。
26. C上文语境题。上文提到夏天的暴雨，人们并不注意它们，当然是因为它们“很少”出现，故选 rare。better更好的；regular有规律的；active积极的。
27. C上文语境题。上文提到了冬天，那么就应该是snow“雪”了。rain雨；wind风；thunder雷。
28. B上下文语境题。上文说学校停课，but又表示转折，所以下文说孩子们喜欢在户外的雪山上玩，所以上文表示孩子们对学校停课感到高兴，没有感到“不安，不高兴”，故选 upset happy高兴的，excited激动的，disappointed失望的。
29. A上下文语境题。上文叙述孩子们对学校停课没有感到不高兴且 really又进一步提示，下文说在户外的雪山上，所以孩子们应该是很兴奋。be excited at对……感到兴奋，符合此处的话境。be worried about担心……；be satisfied with对……感到淸意；be tired of厌烦……
30. B上下文语境题。上文提到下雪时孩子们很高兴，but表示转折，下文提到作者开车遇雪的事情，故是不高兴的（unhappy）事，选择B项。thrilled兴奋的；concerned关心的；surprised惊讶的。
31. A上下文语境题。作者说自己家的房子，空白后说“在山上”，故说的是位置，所以选择 located“坐落于”。see看到；move搬家搬动；trap困住。
32. D上下文语境题。空格前有 never，空格后有 however表示转折，叙述了自己遇到了问题。所以空白处表示没有困难(problem），故选D项。ease轻松，容易；way方法；advantages优势。
33. B上下文语境题。上文提到作者的车不能动了，下文说车要out of the snow，所以应该是推（push）车。repair修理，find找到，发现，search搜查，寻找。
34. C上下文语境题。上文提到作者和朋友大笑，下文说作者推车的样子，当然应该是“滑稽可笑的”，故用 funny。foolish愚蠢的；brave勇敢的；clever聪明的。
35. B上文语境题。作者在上文介绍了春季、夏季和冬季的天气状况，所以此处意为“我的国家的自然灾害取决于一年当中的季节（season）”，故选B项“季节”。climate气候；luck运气festival节日。
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和探险队的成员起爬乞力马扎罗山的一次经历。
36. few考查时态。and为并列连词，and后面用了过去式，故此处也用过去式。
37. an考查冠词。8-hour的读音是以元音音素开头，故用an。an8-hour journey一次8小时的旅程。
38. were introduced考查时态和语态。we与 introduce之间是被动关系，用被动语态，且表示过去发生的情况，故用were introduced。
39. who考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，此处是定语从句，先行词是 Thaddeus Minja，从句中缺少主语，故用who。
40. his考查代词。修饰名词 family，用形容词性物主代词。
41. more考查形容词比较级。句意：只有一个人需要带更多的衣服。
42. walking考查现在分词作状语。句子的主干是 we set off，_____in the rain.在句中作状语，此处用现在分词形式。
43. memories考查名词复数。“one of the+形容词最高级+可数名词复数”表示“最……的……之一”。
44. after考查介词。look after意为“照顾”，是固定搭配。
45. deeply考查形容词变为副词。空格处需用副词修饰形容词thankful。
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Notice
A lecture on how to stay safe during an earthquake is around the corner.
A strong earthquake hit our city at this time last year, which caused a big loss. Some houses fell down and some people were trapped under the ruins. Some roads were blocked by stones and bricks. Water and electricity were cut off. The number of people who were killed or seriously injured reached over 50.
In order to improve the ability to protect ourselves in an earth quake, Mr. Li Hui will give us a lecture in the gym of our school on Saturday. The lecture will start at 2 pm and last 2 hours. Everyone in our school is requested to be present on time and listen attentively.
The Students’ Union
第二节
One possible version:
He dug for 8 hours… 12 hours…24 hours…36 hours… and then in the 38th hour, he removed a big stone and heard some noise. He called out his son’s name, “Armand!” He heard a voice. “Dad It’s me, Dad!” It was his son! He was still alive! He felt wild with joy and shouted, “Armand, are you OK “His son shouted loud back, “Dad, I’m OK. I know you’ll come! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if my father were alive, he would save me. When he saved me, they would be saved. You promised, ‘No matter what happens, I’ll always be there for you!’ You did it, Dad!”
“How many of you are there below “he shouted. “There are 14 of us left out of 33.We’re scared and hungry. When the building fell down in the earthquake, it made a triangle area, and it saved us.” “Come out, boy!” “No, Dad! Let the other kids out first, because I know you’ll get me! No matter what happens, I know you’ll always be there for me!”
【续写提示】本文记叙了一位父亲信守对儿子的承诺“无论发生什么事情，我总会在你身边”，在地震发生后坚持救援不放弃，在38小时之后，终于救出了儿子及其同学的故事。续写第一段由提示8 hours...12 hours…24 hours…36 hours…和 heard some noise可知，续写要以父亲与儿子的对话为主，要体现出父亲急切的心情。注意原文下划线中有一句话“No matter what happens，I’ll always be there for you！”，这是父亲对儿子的承诺。续写的时候，这句话一定要用上，这样才能表达出是父亲对儿子的这个承诺让他们坚持了近40个小时。
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