牛津译林版必修三Unit2 atural disasters Assessment Vocabulary课件(共85张PPT)

(共85张PPT)
M3U2
Natural disasters
Words and expressions 1
injure vt. ①cause bodily harm to; hurt the feelings 伤害，(使)受伤
He injured his head and was unconscious for one hour.
injure one’s self-esteem
get injured 受伤
③cause damage or affect negatively损害
This could seriously injure our company’s public image.
n. a head/leg/shoulder injury
suffer serious /minor injuries 受重伤/轻伤
adj. her injured leg
The injured were rushed to a nearby hospital.
injure vt.损害；伤害；使受伤→______________ n．(身体上的)伤，损害→______________ adj.受伤的
injury
injured
injured adj.受伤的；受委屈的
the injured伤者；伤员；伤兵
be injured 受伤
injury n.伤害；损伤；受伤处
do oneself an injury伤害某人自己
练习：The ambulance came and the _________ (injure) were sent to the hospital as soon as possible.
injured
辨析：hurt/ injury/ wound
hurt 既可指肉体上的伤害，强调引起的身体疼痛，也可指精神上、情感上的伤害。
They didn’t mean to hurt her. It was just a bit of fun.
injury 比hurt正式，尤指在事故中受伤，强调身体部位受到某种程度的伤害或损伤。
Two people were killed and four injured in the accident.
wound 指使身体受伤，常指在战争中或攻击中受伤,用刀、枪等武器造成伤害。
She had been wounded in the leg during the war.
2. disaster n.
①a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering 灾难,灾难
syn. → catastrophe
a natural disaster disaster area
②sth. that is very bad or a failure 灾难，不幸，彻底失败
The cuts in funding will be a disaster for the schools.
sth is a complete/total disaster 某事彻底失败/搞砸了
disastrous adj. 灾难性的，完全失败的 ~ consequences
3. at large
①as a whole, in general（用于名词后）整个，全部
the population/public/world at large
全部人口/全部民众/全世界
② (of a dangerous person or animal) not captured; free 未被捕获的，自由的
The man who tried to kill her is still at large.
4. reaction n. ①a response that reveals a person’s feelings or attitude反应，回应 ~ to
in reaction to 对…做出反应
There has been a mixed reaction to her appointment as director. 对她获任命为主管一事，人们的反应褒贬不一。
My immediate reaction was one of shock.
我当即的反应是大吃一惊。
An emergency fund was set up in reaction to the famine.
针对这次饥荒成立了一个应急基金会。
reaction to sb./sth. 对某人/某事的反应=react to sth. (对……)作出反应
②a change in people’s attitudes or behavior （对过去态度、行为等的）抗拒 ~ against
a reaction against the traditional values
③化学反应; 生理反应，副作用
a chemical/nuclear reaction
chain reaction
to have an allergic reaction to a drug
④ reactions [pl.] the ability to move quickly in response to sth, especially if in danger 反应能力
a skilled driver with quick reactions
react vi. 做出反应；反抗；其化学反应；起过敏反应
react to sb./sth. 对…做出反应
react against sb./sth. 反对、反抗….
react with sth. 与…产生化学反应
My eyes easily react to light.
My father never saved money and I reacted against that.
Iron reacts with water and air to produce rust.
铁和水及空气发生反应产生铁锈。
reaction to...对（情况、行动等做出的）反应/回应
in reaction to 作为对……的反应
react vi.作出反应；回应
react to对……作出反应
react with 与……起化学反应
react against反对；反抗
练习：Mark was surprised that his question should have caused such a strong _________ (react).
reaction
5. crash cn. ① a sudden and loud noise碰撞声,碎裂声
The vase fell on the ground with a crash.
花瓶砰的一声掉在地上。
②an accident in which a vehicle hits sth碰撞,相撞
a car/plane crash 汽车撞车事故/飞机失事
③（股票的）崩溃/暴跌
a stock market crash
④计算机或计算机系统的）崩溃
v. 碰撞，撞击; 贬值，暴跌；（计）崩溃，死机
His car went out of control and crashed into the back of a van.
货车失控撞上了一辆公共汽车的尾部。
He crashed his car into the wall.
他的汽车撞到了墙上。
Share prices crashed to an all-time low yesterday.
昨天股票价格暴跌到了前所未有的最低纪录。
The computer crashed for the second time within ten days.
a car/plane crash车祸/飞机失事
with a crash轰隆一声
crash into... 与……相撞
练习：The young woman stormed out of the room and ________ (crash) the door shut behind her.
crashed
6. signal → signaled/ signalled
1) vi. to make a movement or sound to give sb. a message, an order, etc. 发信号，示意
signal that ……signal to sb. 向某人示意signal for help 发信号求救signal (to ) sb. to do sth. 示意某人做某事
The teacher signaled to his students to be quiet.
2) vt. to be a sign that sth exists or is likely to happen 标志,表明,预示 （indicate）
signal the start/beginning/end of sth. 标志着…的开始/结束
___________ n．& vt.签字；签署→signal n．信号，暗号，标志 vi.& vt. 发信号，示意→____________ n．签名；签字
sign
signature
3) to make sth. clear or known 表明 ,表示 ~ sth./that…
Both sides have signaled their willingness to start negotiations.
cn. 信号,暗号；标志,预示(indication);信号灯; (无线电、电视)信号
The alarm was a signal for everyone to leave the building.
A red flag is often used as a danger signal.
a traffic signal 交通信号灯 → a traffic sign交通标志牌
give/send a signal 发出信号
pick up/receive a signal 接收信号
signal to sb to do sth示意某人做某事
signal (to sb) that... 示意（某人）……
traffic signals交通信号
send out a signal发出信号
练习：As soon as we sat down at the table, I signaled ________ the waiter to bring the menu.
to
mark 既可指方便辨认而有意做的标记、记号，又可指事物留下的印迹，或有别于其他事物的特征，还可以指分数。
dirty/ question/ trade / marks
One mark of a writer’s greatness is that different minds can get a different inspiration from his woks.
sign 指用于指示和识别的标牌,指示牌,招牌,也可指迹象、征兆。
Dark clouds are a sign of rain.
signal 指为某一目的或采取行动而有意发出的信号，如指示、命令、警告等，也可指无线电、电视等的信号。
symbol 指公认的标志、象征，也可指某一特性或思想的代表。
The dove is a universal symbol of peace.
7. roll n.
1）一卷，一管
a roll of film/paper/wire
2）名单，花名册
the electoral roll 选民名册
to call/take the roll 点名
roll call 点名
The chairman called the roll.
We had to stand in the snow every morning for roll call.
3）翻滚
a forward/ backward roll
roll v.
1)（使）翻滚, （使）滚动
The ball rolled down the hill.
Roll the chicken breasts in flour.
2）（使）翻身
He rolled （over）onto his back. 他翻过身来仰面躺着。
3）（把衣服的边）卷起
roll up your sleeves 卷起衣袖；准备动手，摩拳擦掌
roll down your sleeves 捋下衣袖
4 ) 摇 (车窗、卷帘等)
roll up/down the window
8. confirm vt.
1) to state or show that sth is definitely true or correct, especially by providing evidence证实，确认
He looked at him to confirm that he was safe and sound.
It’s confirmed that the meeting will take place next week.
confirm a booking/reservation/appointment
confirm one's fears/doubts/suspicions
2) 使…确信 (其决定、信念、观点的正确性)
confirm you in your belief/ opinion that 证实你的信念/观点
3）to make a position, an agreement, etc. more definite or official 批准（职位、协议等）
After a six-month probationary period, her position was confirmed.
confirmation n. 证实，确认；确认函，证明书
There has still been no official confirmation of the report.
这则报道仍未得到官方证实。
verbal confirmation 口头证实
9. procedure n. a way of doing sth, especially the usual or correct way （正确的或通常的做事）程序,步骤,手续
What is the standard procedure for recycling waste
follow the normal procedures
emergency/safety procedures紧急状况/安全事务的处理程序
court/legal procedure 法庭/司法程序
to perform a routine surgical procedure 做常规的外科手术
procedural [pr si d r l] adj.程序性的 ~ rules
辨析 procedure & process
procedure 指步骤，强调细节或组成部分，是一个局部的概念。
These lab procedures are highly irregular.
process 指过程，强调整体或全部，是一个总体的概念。
During the process, great care has to be taken to protect the silk from damage.
10. odd adj.
1）strange or unusual 奇怪的,怪异的It is/seems odd that…=The odd thing is that …奇怪的是
It is odd that he never talks about his family.
The odd thing was that he didn’t recognize me.
2）the odd : [only before noun] occasional; not very regular or frequent 偶尔发生的，不规律的
make the odd mistakes 偶尔犯错
Lack of sleep doesn’t matter on the odd occasion.
3) not with the pair ;not matching 不成对的，单只的
You're wearing odd socks!
4）cannot be divided by two 奇数的
an odd number 奇数 → an even number 偶数
5) odd jobs 杂活，零活儿，零散的工作
odd-looking odd-sounding
oddly adv. 古怪地
oddity n. 古怪，怪异；古怪反常的人/物
the odds
1）possibility 可能性，几率
the odds are that 可能…=chances are that =there is a chance that =it’s likely/possible that
2）difficulties 不利条件，困难，逆境
Against (all) the odds, he recovered from his terrible injuries.
尽管困难重重，他还是从严重的伤情中康复了。
11. occur vi. occurred; occurring
1）to happen 发生，出现
Something unexpected occurred.
2）to exist or to be found somewhere存在于
Sugar occurs naturally in fruit. 水果天然含糖分。
occurrence n. 发生,出现,存在(of sth.); 发生的事情,事件
a common/rare/frequent occurrence
司空见惯的事/罕见的事/经常发生的事
sth occur to sb 某人突然想起某事
= sth strikes/hits sb =sth comes/springs to one’s mind =sth flash through one’s mind =sth cross one’s mind
It occurs to sb that = It strikes/hits sb that
It occur to sb to do sth 某人想到做某事
这么简单的解释我从来没想过!
Such a simple explanation never occurred to me!
It occurred to me that I should keep my head.
她没想到请别人帮忙。sth. strike sb.(=sb. strike on sth. )某人想到
It didn't occur to her to ask for help.
occur to 被想到，浮现在脑中
It occurs to sb that... 某人想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth.某人想起做某事。
occurrence n.发生；出现
练习：The police questioned Bob when exactly the murder ________ (occur).
occurred
12. relief un.
1) the feeling of comfort when something unpleasant stops or does not happen 宽慰，轻松
What a relief ! 终于轻松/放心了！
breathe a sigh of relief = sigh with relief 松了口气
to one’s relief 令人安心/宽慰的是…
it is a relief to do sth 做…是令人感到宽慰的
e.g 看到我的家人安然无恙，我感到极大的欣慰。
It was a great relief to see that my family members were all safe and sound.
= I was relieved to see that….
to one's advantage对……有利
to one's amazement令某人好笑的是
to one's annoyance令某人烦恼的是
(还可以用这些词：astonishment惊奇,terror恐惧, delight关心, excitement激动, credit赞扬, admiration羡慕, amusement娱乐, despair绝望, disappointment失望, embarrassment难堪, happiness幸福, horror 恐怖, joy 高兴, puzzlement 疑惑, regret 遗憾, relief 放心, satisfaction 满意, shame 羞愧, sorrow 悲伤，annoyance 烦恼等等）
to one's face 当着某人的面
to one's knowledge 就某人所知;确知属实
to one's mind 依某人之见
2)reduction of pain, anxiety, etc. (痛苦等的)减轻,消除,缓解
methods of pain relief the relief of suffering 痛苦的消除
3) money, food, or clothes given to people who are poor or hungry 救济, 救援物品
disaster/famine relief 赈灾,灾难援助/ 饥荒救济物资
a relief organization/agency 救助机构/组织
relieved adj. 感到宽慰的,放心的 a ~ smile
be relieved to see/hear/know sth.
feel relieved that…
relief n．(痛苦、忧虑等的)解除，减轻，调剂→____________v．解除，减轻，
relieve
relieve vt. 减轻,缓解,缓和(疼痛、问题的严重性）
relieve stress/ anxiety/ pain
relieve poverty/ traffic congestion
relieve the boredom 解闷
relieve sb of sth 帮助某人减轻(负担); 解除某人的职务
Let me relieve you of some of your bags.
我来帮你拿几个袋子吧。
The new secretary will relieve us of some of the paperwork. 新来的秘书会减轻我们文案工作的一些负担。
After the defeat General Meyer was relieved of his command.
战败之后，迈耶将军被解除了指挥权。
to one's relief 令某人感到欣慰的是
breathe a sigh of relief 松了口气
relieve v.（疼痛/问题）解除；减轻，缓解
relieve sb of...解除某人……方面的负担
relieved adj.宽慰的；放心的
练习：Much ________ our relief, all the students escaped from the burning building.
to
13. destructive adj. the ~ power of nuclear weapons
destruction un. the weapon of massive ~
destroyer cn. 破坏者，毁灭者 destroy vt.
14. inform vt. (正式)通知,告知；了解,熟悉
inform sb. that ~ inform sb. of/about sth.
keep sb. informed of sth. 随时告知某人某事，不断给
某人提供某事的最新消息
inform oneself of/about sth. 熟悉某事
________ vt.破坏；毁坏→______________ n．破坏；毁坏→destructive adj.引起破坏的；破坏性的
destroy
destruction
Translation:
医生应该告知病人药可能存在的副作用。
Doctors ought to inform patients of the possible side effects of the medicine.
我们需要对这个计划有所了解。
We need to inform ourselves of the plan.
随时通知我进展情况。
Keep me informed of any developments.
informed adj. 有学问的,有见识的
well-informed/ ill-informed
消息灵通的/不灵通的
an informed decision/judgement/choice
有依据的决定/判断/选择
informative adj. 增进知识的,提供有用信息的 an ~ book
information un. 信息，情报，咨询
informer n. 告密者，线人
inform vt. 告知；通知→ ____________ n. 信息；资料
information
inform sb of/about sth 通知某人某事
inform sb that...告知某人…….
informed adj.有学问的；有见识的
keep sb informed of sth 不断为某人提供关于……的最新消息
information n.通知；消息；情报；信息（不可数名词，表示“一条消息”时要说a piece of information）
练习：Michael has _____________ (inform) that he doesn't qualify for the scholarship because of his academic background.
been informed
Unit 2
Natural disasters
Nature is kind of a loving mother, but also a butcher in cold blood.
-- Victor Hugo
大自然既是慈爱的母亲，也是冷酷的屠夫
Natural disasters are extreme, sudden events caused by environmental factors that injure people and damage property.
What are natural disasters
自然灾害是由环境因素引起的对人造成伤害和财产损失的极端、突发事件。
Lead-in
wildfire
野火
tornado
龙卷风
flood
洪水
earthquake
地震
What can you see in the pictures
Leading in
Plates moving underground can cause an earthquake, which is of the earth’s surface.
When a volcano erupts, ,volcanic ash and even rocks escape through a large opening at the top.
A large amount of falling down a hill or mountain is called a landslide.
a sudden shaking
hot gases
earth and rock
What natural disasters are mentioned in the video
WELCOME
01
What other natural disasters do you know
https://www./video/BV1es41147Yo share_source=copy_web
lightning 闪电
Hurricane
飓风
Flood
洪水
Tornado
龙卷风
hail storm 冰雹风暴
sink holes 地面塌陷
Natural Disasters
landslide 山体滑坡
mudslide 泥石流
lahars 火山泥流
Volcanic eruption
火山爆发
Earthquake
地震
sandstorm 沙尘暴
glacier calvings 冰川崩解
rogue waves 超级巨浪
Tsunami
海啸
storm surge 风暴潮
飓风，台风，旋风，龙卷风和风暴潮的差别
飓风和台风都是指风速达到33米/秒以上的热带气旋，只是因发生的地域不同，才有了不同名称。生成于西北太平洋和我国南海的强烈热带气旋被称为“台风”；生成于大西洋、加勒比海以及北太平洋东部的则称“飓风”；而生成于印度洋、阿拉伯海、孟加拉湾的则称为“旋风”。飓风在一天之内就能释放出惊人的能量。飓风与龙卷风也不能混淆。后者的时间很短暂，属于瞬间爆发，最长也不超过数小时。前者则在海上。
风暴潮指由强烈大气扰动，如热带气旋（台风、飓风）、温带气旋等引起的海面异常升高现象。沿海验潮站或河口水位站所记录的海面升降，通常为天文潮、风暴潮、（地震）海啸及其他长波振动引起海面变化的综合特征。
destructive -adj. 破坏性的 a destructive fire
大火烧毁了我的书。
骄傲毁灭了她
destruction n. ①破坏, 毁灭
destroy v. 破坏
②引起毁坏的原因
The fire caused the destruction of my books.
Pride was her destruction.
Why can’t polar bears eat penguins in the North Polein the South Polepolar adj.极的/北极的/南极的pole n. 杆，柱；地极；截然相反的两极之一；crashed
at large
procedures
reaction
keep your head
exit
to confirm
safe and sound
M3U2
Natural disasters
Words and expressions 2
15. shock
n. 1) [C]a strong feeling of surprise or sth. that causes the feeling 震惊,惊愕,令人震惊的事
He’s still in a state of shock .
The news of my promotion came as a shock.
Mom’s never really got over the shock of Dad’s death.
It’s a shock to discover/find/realize that….
做某事是令人震惊的
It is a real shock to hear that the Japanese government plans to discharge waste water into the sea.
2) [U] a serious medical condition （医学上的）休克
He’s bleeding and suffering from shock.
He is clearly in (a state of) shock.
culture shock 文化冲击，文化休克
3) [C/U] violent shaking caused by an explosion, earthquake, etc. 剧烈震动
The shock was felt miles away.
4) an electric shock 电击，触电
shock
→_________ adj. (感到)震惊的，惊骇的→__________ adj.令人震惊的
shocked
shocking
shocked adj. 吃惊的，震惊的; 愤慨的，十分厌恶的
be ~ by/at sth.
be shocked to know/see/find that…
shocking adj. 令人震惊的，令人气愤的
~ behavior/ news
It’s shocking that…
shockingly adv. 令人震惊地
a ~ high infection rate
scare
v. frighten (使）惊吓；（使）害怕
scare sb to death 把某人吓得要命
scare sb/sth away/off 把...吓跑
scare sb into doing sth 威胁某人做某事
He doesn’t scare easily.
We walked quietly so as to avoid scaring the birds away.
cn. （社会上的）恐慌；惊吓
a bomb/health scare 炸弹/卫生恐慌
a scare story 引起恐慌的报道，危言耸听的报道
You really gave me a scare! 你真的吓了我一跳！
scared adj. frightened or afraid 害怕的，恐惧的
be ~ of (doing) sth.
be ~ to do sth.
be ~ to death
be ~ stiff 被吓呆了
scary adj. frightening 恐怖的，吓人的，可怕的
a scary movie /moment
17. power n.
1)电力 a power cut/failure 停电 power supply 供电
2) right or authority 权力，权威
The Secretary of State has the power to approve the proposals.
3) political control 政权
be in power 执政 come/rise to power 上台执政
4) the ability to control 控制力
have power over 对…有控制力/权
The aim is to give people more power over their own lives.
5) ability能力 the ~ of speech
within/beyond one’s power在某人的能力范围之内/外
6) energy 能量
nuclear/ wind/ solar power
7) physical strength 力量
the ~ of the explosion
8) 有影响力的大国
world powers 世界列强
powerful adj.有权势的; 强有力的
powerless adj.无权力的; 无能为力的
power 指各种力的总称，如电力、动力或某事物的能力，也可指人所具有的力量、能力、权力、势力等。
energy 常指人的精力、活力，也可指自然界的能量、能源。
full of energy ; solar/nuclear energy
strength 常指人或物内在的力或素质，如体力、耐力、抵抗力等，也可指物理学上的强度。
do sth. with all my strength ; build up one’s strength
strength of character 毅力 ; the strength of a rope
force 主要指促使物体运动的外力 ，物理学中的力，也可指武力、暴力、武装力量、军队、自然力等。
Hearts aren’t conquered by force but by love and tolerance.
the force of gravity；air/rebel forces ; the forces of nature
18. run out of sth. = use up sth. 用完，耗尽
sth. run out = sth. give out 被用完，被耗尽
我们所有的食物储备快用完了。
All our food supplies are running out.
= We are running out of all our food supplies.
run across 偶然遇到 = come across
run into 偶然遇见；遭遇，遇到(困难等)；撞上…
run after 追求; 追赶, 追逐
run over 快速通读；撞倒并碾轧 ；溢出来
run away from 突然离开,逃离（某地）；避开,躲避,回避（责任、问题）
19. supply
vt. （尤指大量）供应，供给，提供
supply sb with sth = supply sth to sb
= provide sb with sth = provide sth for sb = offer sb sth = offer sth to sb
洪水过后，当地政府为人们提供了食物和水。
The local government supplied the people with food and water after the floods.
n.
1) [u] the act of supplying 供应
cut off water supply = cut off the supply of water
2) [c] an amount of sth. that’s available 供应量,储备
a large/good/plentiful supply of sth. 大量的…
be in short supply 供应不足，短缺
3) [pl] 补给品,日用必需品
medical / emergency supplies 医疗物资/救援物资
20. donate vt. 捐献，捐赠
He donated thousands of pounds to charity.
donation n. 捐赠物；捐赠，赠送
to make a (generous/large/small) donation to charity
organ donation
donor cn. 捐赠者；捐献者
an anonymous donor
blood / organ/ kidney donor
charity n.
1)[C]an organization for helping people in need慈善机构或组织
The concert will raise funds for local charities.
2) [U] the aim of giving money, food, help, etc. to people who are in need 慈善；赈济；施舍
a charity concert 慈善音乐会
to live on charity 靠赈济生活
3) [U] kindness and sympathy towards other people仁爱,宽容
Newspaper reports showed little charity to him.
charitable adj. 慈善的；仁慈的，宽容的
~ donation/groups
21. staff
n. 全体职工/雇员
medical/teaching staff
a staff restaurant/meeting
vt.[ usually passive ] to work in an institution, a company, etc.; to provide people to work 在…工作,任职于;为…配备职员
The charity provided money to staff and equip two hospitals.
a fully staffed department 一个人员配备齐全的部门
The advice centre is staffed entirely by volunteers.
在咨询中心工作的全部是志愿者。
22. slide
cn. 1) 幻灯片
2) 滑梯
3) (在光滑的表面)滑行,滑动
4) 降低
5) 山崩,土崩 a land/snow slide
v. 滑行，悄悄移动；逐渐陷入
The automatic doors slid open.
She slid out while no one was looking.
The industry has slid into decline.
a slide show/projector 幻灯放映/ 幻灯机
to go down the slide 溜滑梯
The car went into a slide.
The economy is on the slide. 衰退、下跌
23. fund
n. 1) [C] an amount of money for a particular purpose 基金；专款
a disaster relief fund 赈灾专款 the pension fund 养老金
the International Monetary Fund 国际货币基金组织
2) [ pl. ] money that is available to be spent 资金,现款
The project has been cancelled because of lack of funds.
vt. to provide money for sth为…提供资金；拨款给
a government-funded programme 政府资助项目
The project is funded by several local companies.由…出资
24. flood
n.
1) [c/u] 洪水；水灾
The heavy rain has caused floods in many parts of the country.
The river is in flood. 河水泛滥。
2) a very large number 大批，大量
a flood of complaints/refugees 大量投诉/难民潮
She came downstairs in floods of tears. 泪如雨下
v. (使)淹没，(使)泛滥; 大量涌入；充满,挤满
flood用作vi，主语通常为河流等。
flood 用作vt，宾语多为被淹没的地方。
flood的引申义可指任何事物“如洪水般涌来”。
flood in 大量涌入
flood into sth大量涌入
flood out of sth 蜂拥而出
flood sth with sth 使某处挤满…
be flooded with sth 挤满....,充满....
e.g.
The cellar floods whenever it rains heavily.
只要一下大雨地窖就淹水。
When the Yangtze River floods, it causes considerable damage.
The river flooded the valley.
Tourists flooded in from all over the country.
Refugees continue to flood into neighboring countries.
The office was flooded with letters of complaint.
办公室堆满了投诉信。
25. otherwise adv.
1) 否则；不然
My parents lent me the money. Otherwise, I couldn't have afforded the trip.
2) apart from that 除此以外
He was slightly bruised but otherwise unhurt.
他除了一点青肿之外没有受伤。
3) in a different way to the way mentioned; differently 在其他方面；另；亦
A lot of people think/say otherwise. 许多人并不这么认为/说。
You know what this is about. Why pretend otherwise
Lang Ping, otherwise known as the "Iron Hammer", is one of the best volleyball coaches in the world.
郎平，又称“铁榔头”，是世界上最佳排球教练之一。
I wanted to see him but he was otherwise engaged.
我想见他，但他正忙着其他的事情。
or otherwise 或其他情况；或相反
We welcome any comments from viewers, favorable or otherwise.
我们对观众的任何意见，或褒或贬，都表示欢迎。
We’ll get there somehow, by train or otherwise.
不论乘火车或用其他方式，我们总会到达那里的。
26. curious → curiously adv.
adj. 1) 好奇的,求知欲强的 be ~ about sth. 对…好奇
be ~ to do sth. 极想做某事
I was curious to find out what she had said.
2) strange and unusual奇特的,不寻常的 a ~ feeling
It was curious that she didn't tell anyone.
curiosity 1)un. 好奇心，求知欲 satisfy/arouse one’s ~
out of ~ 处于好奇 with curiosity 好奇地
Curiosity killed the cat.
2)cn.奇物；珍品 full of historical curiosities
27. erupt
v.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出； 突然发生, 爆发
The volcano erupts periodically/violently.
The unrest erupted into revolution.
Laughter erupted from the audience.
Violence erupted outside the embassy gates.
eruption n. 爆发 a volcanic eruption
an eruption of violent protest
eruptive adj.火山爆发的，火山喷发的
28. take the form of 呈现…的形状; 采取… 的形式
The training programme takes the form of a series of workshops.
培训课程采取一系列研讨会的形式。
in the form of 以…的形式
take form开始形成，逐渐成形
Water exists in the form of liquid, gas or solid.
As time goes by, our city plan starts to take form in the designer’s mind.
随着时间的推移,我们的城市计划开始在设计师的脑海中成形。
29. break out: 通常指战争、打斗等不愉快事件的突然发生、爆发，无被动语态。
A quarrel broke out between them.
outbreak cn. 爆发，突然发生
the outbreak of war
an outbreak of food poisoning
30. beyond adv./prep. 在（或向）更远处，在那一边
From the top of the hill, you could see the woods beyond.
Beyond the river, cattle were feeding on the grass.
beyond
prep. 超出（某个水平、数量）；晚于； 无法；超出….之外,非…所能及
More people are choosing to work beyond retirement age.
It won’t go on beyond midnight.
beyond repair/control/belief/recognition
无法修理/控制/相信/面目全非
beyond the reach of sb. / beyond one’s reach
超出某人的能力之外
sth be beyond sb
超出某人的理解能力/想象
31. distance n. 距离；遥远，久远；差异；疏远，冷淡
distance learning 远程学习
keep sb. at a distance 对某人冷淡，和某人保持一定距离
We can see a few high buildings in the distance.
We watched the painting at/from a distance.
The distance between fashion and art remains as great as ever.
The coldness and distance in her voice took me by surprise.
vt. When he retired, he tried to distance himself from politics.
与…保持距离,疏远（某人）,不介入（某事 ）
distant adj. 遥远的，久远的; 不同的,不相似的(from)；冷淡的，疏远的；远房的，远亲的；心不在焉的，恍惚的
a distant memory
the distant past 遥远的过去
in the not too distant future 在不久的将来
Their life seems completely distant from his own.
a distant relative/cousin
a distant look 恍惚的眼神
distantly adv.
32. rescue n./vt. 营救，救援，抢救
rescue sb./sth. from sth.
come to one’s rescue 营救、救助某人
a rescue operation/attempt 一次营救行动
locate vt. 找出…的准确位置；把…安置在、建造于
locate the missing sailor
locate sth. in…
be located in = be situated in 坐落于
location n. 地点，位置；定位；外景拍摄地
be shot on location
34. sharp adj.
锋利的，尖的 → sharpen vt.
a ~ knife
2) （人、头脑等）灵敏的，敏捷的
have ~ eyes
3) sudden and rapid急剧的，骤然的
a ~ drop/rise in prices
4) clear 明显的，清晰的
a ~ distinction/difference
5)（人、语言）尖锐的，严厉的 ~ criticism
a ~ tone尖刻的语气 be sharp with sb.
6）强烈的，剧烈的
a ~ pain a ~ sense of disappointment
retire v.
1）（使）退休，退职 to retire early = take early retirement
I retired from teaching 3 years ago.
He has no plans to retire as editor of the magazine.
2）退出（比赛）retire from…
3）离开（尤指去僻静处）
After dinner he likes to retire to his study.
晚饭后，他喜欢躲到书房里去。
retired adj. 退休的
retiree cn. 退休人员
retirement n. 退休 retirement home 养老院
break down出故障，损坏;(化学性的)分解;打倒，砸破(某物) ; (谈判) 失败；（身体、精神）垮掉；破除消除
break away (from) 逃脱;脱离
break in 强行进入;打断
break into 强行闯入，撬开;突然开始(笑、唱等) break into tears/laughter
break through突破，冲破;有新的重大发现，取得突破
break up （关系）破裂，解散；粉碎；分手；散会；学校放假；拆分，拆解
break off（使）折断/断开；停顿,中断；终止,断绝（关系）