人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit5 Languages around the world 单元过关检测（含解析）

Unit5 单元过关检测
第一部分:阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选 出最佳选项。
A
（2019·江西南昌二中高一期中）If you want to become a fluent English speaker you should take some advice. There are four skills in learning English. They are reading listening，speaking，and writing. The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening.
Read as much as you can. But your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of sentences，the meaning of unfamiliar words，etc. There is no need for you to pay much attention to grammar or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come across，but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them，for example in other passages or books，is enough. It would be better to prepare a notebook for yourself so you can write down the important words or sentences in it.
As for listening, there are two choices besides reading. You can listen every day for about 30 minutes. You can only pay attention to your reading and become skilful at your reading, and then you can catch up on your listening. Since you have lots of inputs in your mind, you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say. This never means that you should not practice listening.
For listening you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children. Their languages are easy. Or if you are good at listening you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day. Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes.
If you follow these pieces of advice, your speaking and writing will improve automatically and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become perfect.
1. According to the author, which should you improve first among the four skills
A. Reading and listening.
B. Reading and writing.
C. Writing and speaking.
D. Speaking and listening.
2. To improve your reading, when you read you should
A. look up all new words in the dictionary
B. spend more time studying grammar
C. think about what you are reading actively
D. copy as many words and sentences as possible
3. The author seems to agree with the view that____________.
A. everyone should listen to VOA or BBC programs every day
B. you needn’t practice listening if you keep on reading every day
C. being good at reading is helpful in improving your listening
D. you should take notes of whatever you are hearing
4. The passage is mainly about how to________.
A. choose suitable listening materials
B. deal with new words in reading
C. improve your English as quickly as possible
D. become good at English reading and listening
B
（2019·北京一零一中学高一期中）If Confucius（孔子）were still alive today and could celebrate his September 28 birthday with a big cake，there would be a lot of candles. He’d need a fan or a strong wind to help him put them out.
While many people in China will remember Confucius on his special day，few people in the United States will give him a passing thought. It’s nothing personal. Most Americans don’t even remember the birthdays of their own national heroes.
But this doesn’t mean that Americans don’t care about Confucius. In many ways he has become a bridge that foreigners must cross if they want to reach a deeper under standing of China.
In the past two decades, the Chinese study programs have gained huge popularity in Western universities. More recently, the Chinese government has set up Confucius Institutes in a lot of countries. These schools teach both Chinese language and culture. The main courses of Chinese culture usually include Chinese art, history and philosophy(哲学). Some social scientists suggest that Westerners should take advantage of the ancient Chinese wisdom to make up for the drawbacks of Western philosophy. Students in the United States, at the same time, are racing to learn Chinese. So they will be ready for life in a world where China is an equal power to the United States. Businessmen who hope to make money in China are reading books about Confucius to understand their Chinese customers.
So the old thinker’s ideas are still alive and well.
Today China attracts the West more than ever, and it will need more teachers to introduce Confucius and Chinese culture to the West.
As for the old thinker, he will not soon be forgotten by people in the West, even if his birthday is.
5. The opening paragraph is mainly intended to________.
A. provide some key facts about Confucius
B. attract the readers’ interest in the subject
C. show great respect for the ancient thinker
D. prove the popularity of modern birthday celebrations
6. We can learn from Paragraph 4 that American students______.
A. have a great interest in studying Chinese
B. take an active part in Chinese competitions
C. try to get high scores in Chinese exams
D. fight for a chance to learn Chinese
7. What is the best title for the passage
A. Forgotten wisdom in America
B. Huge Fans of the Chinese Language
C. Chinese Culture for Westerners
D. Old Thinker with a Big Future
8. The passage is likely to appear in_________.
A. a biography
B. a history paper
C. a newspaper
D. a philosophy textbook
C
（2019·河北唐山一中高一期中）When you study abroad in France，you can expect to be treated the same as your native classmates，whether in a lecture or a discussion class.
While you can study abroad in France and focus on nearly any subject，it’s the students with a passion for the arts architecture（建筑学）and history that rush to the country in the largest numbers. And that’s no shock，considering that France has been the center of the arts for centuries.
As students of the arts，you will have to make careful use of your time，given all that France has to offer:
·Visit the Louvre to view the works of French artists such as Monet，Matisse and Renoir;
·Read the works of such French literary geniuses as Baudelaire，Proust and Voltaire;
·Listen to the music of Debussy，or more contemporary（当代的）artists like air and daft punk.
France is also a main destination for architecture students，as you will see architecture in nearly every style:
·The Gothic Chateau de Chambord built in the 1500s
·Place Dauphine built in 1607 in Baroque style；
·The post-modern housing development，Marnela-Vallee.
History students will find that France has been where the action is for quite some time. Over the course of the centuries，it has been the stage for the most important developments in the history of mankind，including the French Revolution the rise of Napoleon and the rise of the Fifth Republic under President Charles de Gaulle. It was also the site of the D-Day invasion（诺曼底登陆）of world war Ⅱ.
As a possible study-abroad location，France has a lot to offer，because the combination of educational institutions（教育机构），arts and culture，and national history is second to none.
9. What can we learn about studying abroad in France from the text
A. Few students choose to study in France.
B. There are many lectures and discussion classes.
C. Students from foreign countries are usually treated badly.
D. France is the best place for students who love the arts.
10. What can art students do on weekends
A. Enjoy Voltaire’s music.
B. Listen to Proust’s music.
C. Read Renoir’s literary works.
D. Ⅴiew Monet’s works in the Louvre.
11. The text is most likely taken from___________.
A. a study-abroad website
B. an architecture advertisement
C. a history book
D a fashion magazine
D
（2019·江苏江阴四校高一期中）If English means endless new words，difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong. Haven’t you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language？
According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power. Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter. This is the area of the brain which processes information. It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language. A team led by Dr. Andrea Mechelli，from University College London，took a group of Britons who only spoke English. They were compared with a group of “early bilinguals” who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners.
Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language，the smaller the difference.
Scans showed that grey matter density（密度）in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language. But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language, the smaller the difference.
“Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language,” said the scientists.
It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales，has researched the link between bilingualism and maths skills. “Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible（灵活的），”he said. “You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas.”
The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of two and thirty-four. Reading，writing and comprehension were all tested. The results showed that the younger they started to learn，the better. “Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，”explained the scientist.
12. The main subject talked about in this passage is________.
A. science on learning a second language
B. man’s ability of learning a second language
C. language learning and maths study
D. the link between a second language and brain power
13. The underlined word “bilingual” probably means________.
A. a person speaking two languages
B. a second language learner
C. a researcher on language learning
D. an active language learner
14. We may know from the scientific findings that_________.
A. the grey matter density relies on the time to start a second language
B. learning a second language is not helpful if one learns it too late
C. learning a second language has little effects on people’s brain
D. the ability of learning a second language is changing all the time
15. A persons maths skills can be improved by learning a new language because____.
A. the process of learning a new language helps understand maths problems
B. learning a new language gives a person a new way to understand things
C. people can get smarter by the experience of learning a second language
D. people learning a second language enjoy different brain structures
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2019·山东济南历城区高一期中）If you spend some time in an English-speaking country，you might hear the term “etiquette”. 16 This may seem like a difficult word at first，but it can be very useful to understand.
17 For example，standing very close to the person you are talking with is quite common in some Asian countries. However，if you do this in Europe，some people might feel uncomfortable. Even in China，we all know that etiquette is not the same in all situations. Perhaps we think that talking loudly in our own homes is fine，but there are other places where talking loudly is not allowed. For example，most people would agree that talking loudly in a library，a museum or a movie theater is impolite. 18 it is better to keep your voice down in public places.
If we see someone breaking the rules of etiquette，we may politely give them some suggestions. One of the most polite ways is to ask someone—“Would you mind doing this or would you mind not doing that？” 19 so we have to be careful about how we do this.
Although rules of etiquette can often be different, some rules are the same almost everywhere in the world! 20 If you see someone you know doing this, you can ask him , “Would you mind picking it up ”
A. Even if you are with your friends,
B. Etiquette plays an important part in society.
C. It means normal and polite social behavior.
D. People don’t usually like to be criticized.
E. Because you have your own culture,
F. For example, dropping litter is almost never allowed.
G. Etiquette is not the same in every culture or in every situation.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给 的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
My favorite English teacher could draw humor out of the 21 material. He could make almost everything 22 even at eight in the morning.
The first time I read these works myself, they seemed 23 , but I was amazed to find that the second time, after his 24 , I should see the humor. The stories and poems were 25 filled with funny and humorous moments. I learned most from him.
My least favorite English teacher also made people 26 . Some students found him to be wonderfully 27 . He asked us to write 28 every day for six weeks. Finally I had a notebook full of pieces about my ideas, reactions 29 hat we had read. He asked us to 30 each other’s journals Mine was passed to Joe, who always behaved in a funny or 31 way. He gave it a D and joked, “This writing isn’t 32 to line the bottom of a birdcage.” Our teacher laughed loudly. It 33 me so much that the anger from it has driven my writing and teaching ever since.
So what makes the 34 Humor is one of the most powerful tools teachers or writers have. It can 35 up students and classes and make them excited about literature and writing, or it can tear them apart.
21. A. driest B. ordinary C. teaching D. special
22. A. meaningful B. simple C. funny D. exciting
23. A. difficult B. dead C. humorous D. fit
24. A. explanation B. translation C. direction D. introduction 25. A. gradually B. finally C. fully D. suddenly
26. A. under B. stand C. laugh D. journals
27. A. kind B. strict C. humorous D. serious
28. A. stories B. journals C. remarks D. joke
29. A. to B. for C. with D. through
30. A grade B. remark C. read D. correct
31. A. silly B. serious C. peaceful D. careful
32. A. good B. funny C. interesting D. suitable
33. A surprised B. touched C. puzzled D. hurt
34. A. joke B. humor C. difference D. life
35. A. cheer B. bring C. build D. turn
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（金星原创，本练习串联单元核心词汇）Voyages of people from England played 36 important part in spreading the English language. At present，English is 37 （frequent） spoken as an official or a common language in many countries，such 38 America Singapore，Malaysia and some African countries. All based on British English，the English 39 (speak）in these countries can be well understood by native English speakers. But 40 （actual），these Englishes have been gradually 41 (change）in accents，spellings, 42 (express）and the usage of vocabulary. Because of this fact，you can make use of the differences to tell 43 country the foreigners of your block are from. For example，if a boss fluently 44 （command）his driver, “Come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cabs”，instead of requesting, “Please come to my fat by lift and take some petrol for my lorries and taxis”, you can recognize his American identity while the latter 45 (suggest) that he is British.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
（2019·浙江卷）假定你是李华，经常帮助你学习英语的朋友Alex即将返回自
己的国家。请给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.表示感谢；
2.回顾Alex对你的帮助；
3.临别祝愿。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。
When you are learning English，listening，speaking and writing are important，but reading can also be very helpful. When you read，you can not only learn some new words，but also learn how to use these English words. When you read，it gives you a good example for writing.
Read something that you can（more or less）understand. If you need to stop every three words to use a dictionary it is not interesting. Reading books with a reasonable number of new words is very important. If there are four or five new words on a page，write them in your notebook. But you don't have to write them while you read. Instead，try to guess their meaning as you read，and mark them with a pen. Then comeback when you have finished reading to look them up in a dictionary and write them in your own vocabulary book. Then try to remember them. You should develop a good habit of reading. For example read for a short time once a day. Fifteen minutes every day is better than two hours every Sunday. Fⅸ（固定）a time to read and keep to it. You can read for fifteen minutes when you go to bed，or when you get up or at lunchtime.
There are a variety of books in the bookstore, so what kinds of books should you choose Choose a book or a magazine about a subject that you like, because you are going to spend time and money reading it. So, choose an interesting book. You can also read newspapers. There are many English newspapers in China, for example, 21st Century Teens. It is easy enough for you to understand. There is something interesting in it.
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参考答案及解析：
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何提髙英语阅读能力和听力水平。
1. A细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The most important thing you must remember is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills you should first master the skills of reading and listening.”可知，在这四种技能中，首先应该掌握读和听的技能，故选A项。
2. C细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Read as much as you can. But your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of sentences，the meaning of unfamiliar words，etc.”可知，为了提高阅读技能，要尽可能多地阅读，同时积极思考你所阅读的内容，故选C项。
3. C推理判断题。根据第三段中的“You can only pay attention to your reading and become skilful at your reading，and then you can catch up on your listening.”可知，留意并提高阅读技能有助于听力水平的提高，这与C项的表述相符。
4. D推理判断题。文章的主体部分，即第二、三、四段，围绕如何提高英语阅读能力和听力水平展开，故选D。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章描述了西方学生学习中国文化的现象，并
告诉我们中国古代伟大的思想家——孔子的思想仍然受到人们的追捧
5. B作者意图题。第一段说如果孔子仍然活着并能庆祝生日的话，生日蛋糕上将会有很多蜡烛，他需要风扇或很大的风才能把它们吹灭。这是为了吸引读者的注意力，故选B项
6. A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“Students in the United States，at the same time，are racing to learn Chinese.”可知，美国学生对学习中文有强烈的兴趣，故选A项。
7. D主旨大意题。本文主要向我们介绍了孔子思想对西方国家的影响，以及将来可能产生的影响，故选D项。
8. C推理判断题。本文介绍了孔子学院在西方的盛行，因此属于报道类文章，应出现在报纸上。
C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了法国可以为留学生提供许多好的学习机会，是学习艺术、建筑和历史的留学生的好去处。
9. D推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“And that’s no shock，considering that France has been the center of the arts for centuries.可知，法国数世纪以来一直是艺术的中心。由此推知对于爱好艺术的学生，法国是最好的去处。故选D项。
10. D细节理解题。根据文中提到的 Visit the Louvre to view the works of French artists such as Monet，Matisse and Renoir 可知，学习艺术的学生在周末的时候可以去法国卢浮宫参观莫奈的作品。故选D项。
11. A推理判断题。本文主要介绍法国是留学生学习的好地方，可以为学习艺术、建筑和历史的学生提供许多学习机会。因此，本文很可能选自国外学习网站。故选A项。
D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，文章论述了学习第二语言和人的脑力的关系。
12. D主旨大意题。文章第二段的第一句“…learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.”表明主旨接下来几段介绍了研究人员的发现。由此可知，D项最能概括全文的主旨。
3. A词义猜测题。根据画线词后的 who had learnt a second language可知，这些人掌握了两种语言，故A项正确。
4. A推理判断题。根据第四、八两段可知，说两种语言的人比说一种语言的人的大脑灰质层的密度大，学第二种语言越早的人，大脑灰质层密度越大，脑力越强，故选A项。
5. B推理判断题。根据倒数第二段第二句中的“Having two languages gives you two windows on the world.”可知，学习第二种语言可以开拓人们看世界的方式和角度，所以选B项。
第二节
【语篇解读】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了在讲英语的国家中人们常用的一个术语 etiquette，即礼仪。尽管各地风俗不一样，有些礼节也有所不同，但有些行为，比如乱扔垃圾，在任何地方几乎都是没礼貌的。
16. C空前提到一个术语 etiquette，接下来自然要介绍这个单词，故选C项“它的意思是正常的、有礼貌的社会行为”。
17. G空后的 for example是解题关键，由其后所举例子可知，该空应该表达礼仪标准的不同，故选G项。
18. A能与空后的“在公共场所压低嗓门更好”衔接的只有A项“即使你跟朋友们在一起”。
19. D空后的so是关键词，表明空格处与该句构成因果关系，我们必须小心翼翼的原因是“人们通常不喜欢被批评”，故选D项。
20. F尽管各地的礼节常有差异，但有些规矩在世界各地都是一样的，比如，乱扔垃圾几乎从来都是不被允许的。由最后一句中的 picking it up也可推测该空与乱扔垃圾有关，故选F项。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章，文章讲述了作者经历中两位英语老师的不同幽默，一位是可以变严肃为幽默，使人受益颇多；而另一位虽然也可以让人发笑，但是却让人受到伤害。因此作者最后提出了自己的问题----幽默的功能到底是什么呢？
21. A下文语境题。下一句说这位老师可以让每一样东西都幽默可乐，即使是在早上8点钟。所以空白句语境为“我最喜爱的英语老师可以让最枯燥的材料变得幽默”。dry干的，枯燥无味的，符合此处的语境。ordinary普通的；teaching教学的；special 特殊的。
22. C上下文语境题。上文提到这位老师可以使枯燥的材料具有幽默性，下一段也在介绍这位老师的这个特点，故此处选择C项funny滑稽的，有趣的。meaningful有意义的；simple简单的exciting令人兴奋的。
23. B下文语境题。空格后的but表示转折，but后讲到只要作者听老师讲一遍，就会发现材料很有趣，所以第一遍应该是发现材料“无趣”。dead无趣的，没有活力的，符合此处的语境。difficult困难的，艰难的；humorous幽默的；fit合适的，健康的。
24. A下文语境题。下文说作者可以看到材料的幽默之处，当然应该是老师的“解释”（explanation）之后。translation翻译direction方向，指导；introduction介绍。
25. D上文语境题。上文说老师一解释，作者就能看到幽默之处，所以此处突出老师对于作者理解材料的影响之大，句意：这些故事和诗歌突然（suddenly）就充满了乐趣和幽默。gradually逐渐地；finally最后地；fully完全地。
26. C上下文语境题。空格前的also和上文表明这位老师也是幽默的，当然可以令人“发笑”，下文讲述的经历证明了这一点。故选择 laugh大笑。understand理解；grade评级；relax放松。
27. C上下文语境题。上文提到了这位老师也是幽默的，下文作者的经历也表明了这一点，故为 humorous幽默的。kind善良的；strict严格的；serious严肃的，认真的。
28. B下文语境题。根据第30空后的 each other’s journals可知，此处为 journal日志，日记。story故事；remark评论；joke玩笑。
29. A固定搭配题。空格前的名词是 reaction，表示“对于……的反应”，其介词搭配为to。
30. A下文语境题。下文提到 He gave it a D（他给了一个D），所以此处老师是让同学们为彼此的日记评“等级”（grade）。remark评论；read朗读，读；correct改正，更正。
31. A上文语境题。空格前有并列连词or，所以此处or前后的两个形容词都是作者对这位同学的评价，从本段的语意看，这是种负面的消极评价，故选 silly愚蠢的，不明事理的。serious严肃的，认真的；peaceful和平的，平静的；careful仔细的，认真的。
32. D上下文语境题。上文说这位同学对作者的日记开玩笑，所以引号内的内容为“这个文章铺在鸟笼的底部都不合适”，用以讽刺作者的日记水平太差，所以选择 suitable合适的。good好的，优秀的；funny好笑的，滑稽的；Interesting有趣的。
33. D上文语境题。本段第一句就说了这位老师是作者最不喜欢的老师，定了段落的基调，这位老师跟随那位同学一起大笑，所以应该是对作者造成了“伤害”（hurt）。surprise使惊讶；touch触动，打动；puzzle使困惑。
34. C下文语境题。空格所在句提出了疑问，本段最后一句给出了两种不同的答案选择，结合故事所讲述的两种不同类型老师给作者带来的影响，此处的问题应该是“所以什么造成了（两位老师之间的）这种不同（difference）呢”。joke玩笑；humor幽默；life生活，生命。
35. C下文语境题。本句意为“它能使学生振作和让他们对文学和写作感兴趣，或者让他们敬而远之”，表示“使振作，增强”，用build up。cheer up使高兴；bring up抚养长大；turn up（声音）开大一些，出现。
36. an 37. frequently 38. as 39. spoken 40. Actually 41. changing 42. expressions 43. which mands 45. suggests
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
Dear Alex,
I’m sorry to hear that you are going to return to your country very soon and I’m writing this email to express my gratitude for your help.
First of all, thank you for helping me learn English. Without your help, I would not have made so great progress in English-learning. Besides, what you told me about your country broadened my horizons and aroused my interest in foreign culture.
I wish you all the best in the future and have a good journey.
Yours,
Li Hua
第二节
One possible version:
Reading is an important way to help you learn English well. Here are a few tips on reading books.（要点1）Firstly，while reading books at the right level，you should try to increase the number of your new words.（要点2）Besides，it’s very important for you to read regularly and form a good reading habit.（要点3）Lastly，you should choose the books and newspapers that interest you most.（要点4）
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