人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit5 Languages around the world 单元考点突破学案（含答案）
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第一册 Unit5 Languages around the world 单元考点突破学案（含答案） |  | |
| 格式 | doc | ||
| 文件大小 | 103.0KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-09 14:26:14 | ||
图片预览
内容文字预览
名师原创：Unit5 单元考点突破
●词汇精讲
1. major adj. 主要的/重要的/重大的(反义：minor；(专业课程中) 主修的；n. 主修科目；主修(某科目的) 学生
【原句再现】
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
【词块积累】
a major cause 主要原因
the major subjects 主修课程
majority n. 多数，大多数（反义词： minority）
温馨提示：
※ majority 常与of 连用，后接可数名词复数。当“majority + of + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数，请观察下面句子
The majority of people believe smoking is harmful to health.
大多数人认为吸烟有害健康
※ 当majority 后不接of 短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数，请观察下面句子
The majority was/were in favor of the proposal. 大多数人赞成这个提议
Who says the majority is/are always able to make the minority agree with their idea
谁说多数人总能使少数人同意他们的想法？
【精品例句】
We live in a country where women are in the majority.
我们居住的国家里妇女占大多数
Wang Lin wants to major in physics at college.
在大学，王琳想主修物理
Environment protection is a major event.
环境保护是一件重要事情
He is a major in French at Beijing University.
在北大， 他是主修法语的学生
【高考链接】
One-third of the country ____ (be) covered with tress and the majority of the citizens _______ (be) black people. (湖南新课改卷) (is; are)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The _____ (major) of the students find it quite hard to learn German. (majority)
2. character n.性格; 性质; 特色; 特性;(好的) 品性;道德品质;人物;角色; 符号;字体
【原句再现】
It has a plot, settings, characters and actions, as well as dialogue between characters.
【词块积累】
characterize/characterise vt.以为特色; 具有-的特征
a man of character 品德高尚的人
a famous character in history历史上的著名人物
cartoon characters 卡通人物
a leading character in a film电影里的主角 )
a musical character乐谱符号
Chinese characters汉字
【精品例句】
Mr. Brown loves to study Chinese characters. 布朗先生喜欢研究中国汉字
We are good friends and we are much alike in character.
我们俩是好朋友，而且性格很像
She has a cheerful but quiet character. 她的性格乐观文静
Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character.
态度上的弱点会变成性格上的弱点
The whole character of the school has changed since he became the president.
自从他担任校长以来，这所学校的整体特色已经改变了
The city invested 6 billion yuan to preserve the character of the old t own.
该城市投资60亿元用于保护古城的特色。
【高考链接】
Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for building. (湖北卷.完型)
A. respect B. friendship C. character D. reputation ( C)
He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others. (上海卷.完型)
A. temper B. appearance C. talent D. character (D)
【考点训练】
翻译下列句子
体育运动有益于培养良好的品格
(Sports can be good for character building.
大象的特征是鼻子长
An elephant is characterized by a long trunk.
3. native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的；n．本地人；本国人
【原句再现】
How many billion people speak the UN's official languages as their native or second language
【词块积累】
one's native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语
be native to… 原产于……
be a native of... ……的人；生长于……的动物或植物
【精品例句】
Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，但也可以相互理解
Is her uncle a native of Shanghai，or just a visitor
她叔叔是上海本地人，还是只是一名游客
The researcher says the tiger is native to India.
研究人员说这种虎产于印度
As a matter of fact，French is not my native language.
事实上，法语不是我的母语
【高考链接】
The British forced the (native) to leave their land by burning their villages.
(陕西卷) (natives)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The kind of horses is not native __ America--it was introduced by the Spanish. (to)
4. refer to提到，谈到；查阅，参考；指的是
【原句再现】
Pronouns refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.
【词块积累】
reference n.提及,涉及; 参考; 推荐信;推荐人
in / with reference to关于;根据.而论
refer … to …把…委托给…
【精品例句】
The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech.那位科学家在演讲中至少3次提到了全球气候变暖。
My colleague said that as the situation was unusual he would refer the matter to his editor.我同事说由于情况非同寻常,他会把这个问题交给他的编辑处理。
In reference to your question about cost, the tickets for the film are 50 yuan each.关于你询问的价格，那部电影的票价是每张50元。
【高考链接】
While giving the English speech, one is not allowed to refer to the notes. (天津卷.阅读篇)
The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ______ his notes. (山东卷.完型)
A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on (B)
You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future (江西卷)
A. purpose B. reference C. progress D. memory (B)
Here is a memo for your _____ (refer) when you answer the phones. (福建卷) (reference)
The word “ business ” also refers _____ an organization that provides goods and services.(全国卷.) (to)
【考点训练】
翻译下列句子
查一下词典看看拼写是否正确
(Please refer to a dictionary to check the spelling.)
千万别提起他的病
(Avoid making any reference to his illness.)
5. base v. 以……为依据；n.根据地，基地
【原句再现】
At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture based language.
【词块积累】
basis n．基础；根据
on the basis of… 在……的基础上，根据……
on a regular basis 定期
be based on… 以……为基础
【精品例句】
The basis of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.
她的意见的依据是从杂志里看来的。
The article will form the basis for our discussion.
这篇文章将形成我们讨论的基础。
My theory is established on the solid basis of facts.
我的理论是以可靠的事实作为根据的。
【高考链接】
I suggested that we meet _____ a regular basis to discuss the progress. ( 陕西卷) (on)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Don't evaluate a person on the basis _____ appearance. (of)
The novel is based (base) on historical facts. (on/upon)
6. date back(to...) = date from追/上溯到……
【原句再现】
It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu--animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient people.
【词块积累】
date back to…＝date from…追溯到……
out of date 过时的， 陈旧的
up to date 最新的，最近的
温馨提示：
※ date from与date back to都用主动语态，不用被动语态和进行时态，但可用动词 ing形式作定语、补语、状语等。
※ 谈论现存的物品或建筑物时，虽然这一事物建造于过去某一时期，但date from和date back to却用一般现在时。
【精品例句】
As far as I know，the old town dates from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.
据我所知，这个古老的城镇可追溯到初唐时期
According to the expert，the building has a history dating from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.
＝According to the expert，the building has a history which dates from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.
那个专家说这座建筑物历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期
All the photos in this book date back to/from the 1950s.
本书中所有照片均可追溯到20世纪50年代
【高考链接】
According to the expert，the vase has a history (date) back to the Tang Dynasty.
（陕西卷） (dating)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Our friendship (date) back to 1960. (dates)
A lot of new words go ___ of date very quickly. (out)
They are very ___ to date in their method of language teaching. (up)
7. variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
【原句再现】
Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
【词块积累】
a variety of… ＝ varieties of…种类繁多的
various adj. 不同的；各种各样的
for various reasons 由于种种原因
vary vt.&vi. 改变；变化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
【精品例句】
In my free time，I'd like to take exercise，such as swimming，running and various/a variety of ball games.
在业余时间， 我喜欢锻炼， 例如：游泳、跑步和各种各样的球类运动
Susan's idea of freedom was to have variety in her life style.苏珊心目中的自由就是拥有多样的生活
The music itself has so much variety.
音乐本身就有许多种类。
【高考链接】
The author gave (vary) reasons for having written the book. (江西课改卷) (various)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
We have (variety) of flowers in our garden. (varieties)
Teaching methods vary greatly school to school. (from)
8. means n．方式；方法；途径
【原句再现】
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past.
【词块积累】
a means of communication一种通讯/交流工具
by this means 通过这种方法
by means of 用……办法；借助……
by no means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
by all means 尽一切办法；务必；当然可以
【精品例句】
Please by all means hand in the report on time. 请务必准时上交报告
-- Can I use your car 我能用你的汽车吗？ -- By all means. 当然
There is no doubt that WeChat is an important means of communication.
毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具
Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing part time jobs.
学生有时借助兼职工作养活自己
Every possible means has been tried，but none has worked.
All possible means have been tried，but none has worked.
所有可能的方法都试过了，但没有一种有效
We can save much time by this means.通过这种方法我们能节省大量时间
She is by no means stupid. 她一点也不笨
I escaped a secret tunnel. 借助于秘密通道，我逃走了
【高考链接】
-- Can I come and have a look at your new house -- Yes, _____! (浙江卷)
A. with pleasure B. I like it C. I quite agree D. by all means. (D)
-- Do you think their table tennis will win the first place at the coming Asian Games
-- _____. Ours is much stronger than theirs. (江苏卷)
A. Of course B. It depends C. Don’t mention it D. By no means. (D)
【考点训练】
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项
I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ____ with my progress.
A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied (D)
9. regard n．尊重；关注；vt. 把……视为；看待
【原句再现】
The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
【词块积累】
regard/consider...as... 认为……是……
have high/no regard for... 高度关注/无视……
with/in regard to sth. 关于某事
give one's regards to sb. 向某人致意；代……向某人问候
regarding prep. = concerning =with/in regard to关于；至于
regardless adv. 不顾，不加理会
regardless of 不管，不顾
【精品例句】
Never regard study as a duty. 绝不要把学习视为任务
Please give my regards to your parents. 请带我向你父母问好
With/in regard to his suggestions, we shall discuss them fully.
关于他的建议，我们会充分讨论
Regarding/Concerning your recent inquiry, I have enclosed a copy of our new brochure.
关于您最近的咨询，我已随信附上一份我们新的小册子
He is regarded as one of the great classical composers in this century.
他被认为是本世纪伟大的古典音乐作曲家之一
I am sure that kindness is more likely to win their regard than pride.
我确信善意比傲慢更可能赢得他们的尊敬
I've lived in the town so long that I regard it as my home.
我在这个城镇居住了很长时间，都把它当成了家
【高考链接】
I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you. ____ the party on July1st, I shall be pleased to attend. (江苏卷)
A. On account of B. In response to C. In view of D. With regard to (D)
Our club is open to everyone ____ age, sex or educational background. (福建卷)
A. due to B. except for C. along with D. regardless of (D)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Her parents always regarded her _______ the smartest of their children. (as)
If you should see him，please give him my _______ (regard)．(regards)
The government has set up some rules ______ (regard) the food safety. (regarding)
10. appreciate vt. 欣赏/赏识；重视；感激/感谢；领会/理解；vi.增值
【原句再现】
As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
【词块积累】
appreciate＋n./pron./v. ing重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if...假如……，我将不胜感激
appreciate the significance/value of sth. 理解某事的重要性/意义
appreciate + that/wh- 从句 意识到/理解/明白某事
appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；鉴赏
have a deep appreciation of literature 对文学有很高的鉴赏力
express one's appreciation to sb.for sth. 表达因某事对某人的感激之情
【精品例句】
I really appreciate your handwriting.你字写得真好
His talents aren't appreciated by his boss, which makes him depressed.
他的才干不为老板赏识，这使得他很沮丧
I appreciate your help very much and what you have done means something to me.
非常感谢你的帮助， 你所做的对我来说意义非凡
I really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.
我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事
We would appreciate you letting us know of any problem.
有任何问题请告诉我们，我们将不胜感激
I'd appreciate it if I'd appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
如果你愿意教我如何使用电脑的话，我将不胜感激
We didn't fully appreciate that he was seriously ill.
我们没有充分意识到他病得很严重
It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what my parents had done for me. 我用了很长时间才完全理解父母为我所做的一切
Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you've done for us.
非常感谢你为我们所做的一切，请收下这件礼物
I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.
我向所有人表示诚挚的感谢!
【高考链接】
Chinese arts have won the of a lot of people outside China. (北京课改卷)
A. enjoyment B. appreciation C. entertainment D. reputation (B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I really appreciate ______ (have) time to relax with you on this nice island.
We appreciate your (help) us. (helping)
I would appreciate ___ if you would send me the postcard as soon as possible. (it)
Our house (appreciate) by 50% in the last two years. (has appreciated)
11. system n. 系统；体系，体制，制度
【原句再现】
There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
【词块积累】
systematic adj. 系统的，有条理的，有条不紊的
the postal system 邮政系统
a railway system 铁路系统
a social system 社会制度
a system of education 教育系统
a system of the government 政府体制
【精品例句】
Eleven-year-old Angela had something wrong with her nervous system.
安吉拉11岁，她的神经系统出了问题
What similarities or differences do you know about American and Chinese school systems
你知道美国和中国的学校制度有什么异同吗？
【高考链接】
In 1959 the company produced the ELEA computer ____ (systematic). (广东卷) ( system)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He knew that his success was almost entirely due to his assistant’s hard ___ (system) work.
( systematic)
12. relate vt&vi. (使) 互有关系；叙述；理解，认同
【原句再现】
Does each sentence relate to the main idea
【词块积累】
relation n. 关系，联系
related adj. 相关的，有关的
relative n. 亲戚，亲属； adj. 相对的，比较的
relationship n. 关系，联系
a distant relation 远亲
the relationship between teachers and students 师生关系
in close relationship with 与… 有密切关系
have a direct relationship with ….与…. 直接关系
a question relative to my plan 与我的计划有关的问题
in relation to 与…. 相比，关于
be related to 与….有关
【精品例句】
The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.
这篇报告试图证明犯罪的增加与失业人数的增加有关
He related how the accident happened. 他叙述了事故发生的经过
Tiredness is directly related to a driver’s response time. 疲劳和司机的反应时间密切相关
The relationship between them is that of teacher and pupil. 他们是师生关系
He has established good relationship with his neighbors.
他和邻居建立了良好的关系
I have a lot to say in relation to this affair. 关于这件事我有很多话要说
Everyone seemed to be a relative of Tom’s. 每个人都像是汤姆的亲戚
【高考链接】
The accident was related ____ the driver’s carelessness. (山西卷) ( to)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Women’s earnings are still low in relation _____ men’s. (to)
13. equal adj. 相同的;同样的;相等的; 平等的; vi& vt等于; 比得上; n.同等的人/物
【原句再现】
If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.
【词块积累】
equal in size/length/height = of equal size/length/height同等大小/ 长度/高度
be equal to …与…相等/平等; 与...同样出色; 比得上; 能胜任
equality between the sexes 男女平等
equally adv. 相等地; 同样地; 平等地
equality n. 相等; 平等
racial equality 种族平等
on equal terms 相同条件地
【精品例句】
They believe that all work is of equal value. 他们认为所有工作都具有同等价值
All human beings are equal.人人平等
The rent was equal to half his monthly income. 这租金相当于他半个月的收入
The architecture here is equal to any in the world.
这里的建筑堪与世界上任何同类建筑相媲美
He is equal to anything.他无所不能
Three times three equals nine. 3乘3等于9
No one equals him in strength. 论力气, 谁也比不上他
Let x be the equal of y 设x等于y
When it comes to the art of war ants have no equal 在战术方面谁也比不上蚂蚁
People are born equal and should be treated equally. 人生来平等， 应该同等对待
【高考链接】
Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ______ (equal) respected. (福建课改卷) (equally)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
These workers are equal to ______ (do) this kind of work. (doing)
14. demand vt. (坚决)要求；需要; n. 要求; 需要; 需求
【原句再现】
But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to , I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a demand, e.g., “Could you open the window, please ”
【词块积累】
demand to do sth:
demand + that.. (should) do sth
a demand for higher wages加薪的要求
meet/satisfy the demands of the customers满足客户要求
supply and demand供求
in demand 非常需要的;受欢迎的
on demand 一经要求
温馨提示：不能用demand sb to do sth
【精品例句】
Taylor was able to demand very high pay for her movies. 泰勒能要求很高的片酬。
She demanded to see the manager. 她坚决要求见经理
Her teachers demanded that she wear longer skirts. 老师要求她穿长一些的裙子
This work demands care and patience. 这项工作需要细心和耐心
Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners.
应公众的要求, 一个为急切的初学者设立的写作项目即将开展
The demand for natural resources is becoming an increasingly serious problem for the future of mankind. 人类未来对自然资源的需求正成为一个日益严峻的问题
While modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. 由于模特业不易进入，好模特总是供不应求
【高考链接】
The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are ________ great demand in this city. (全国课改卷) (in)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The old scientist demanded that the research on the cloning _______ (delay) at once. 【(should) delayed】
●句型点拨
1. “of 抽象名词”结构
【原句再现】
That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
句式分析：of great importance属于“of＋抽象名词”结构，相当于very important
【句式拓展】
※名词是use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/benefit
/necessity等时，相当于其名词所对应的形容词，这类名词前可用no，some，any，little，much，great等词修饰。
※名词是age/shape/color/size/kind/type/price/height/depth/ width
/length/weight等时，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，这类名词前可用the same，different，good等修饰。
【精品例句】
What you are saying is of no interest(＝not interesting) to me.
你说的话让我提不起兴趣
His opinion is considered to be of great value(＝very valuable)．
大家一致认为他的观点很有价值
This medicine is of no use.
这种药没有用
I feel happy that the work I'm doing is of much value
我很高兴，我做的这项工作非常有价值
Your skirt is of the same size with mine but of different colors
你的裙子和我的裙子大小相同但颜色不同
【高考链接】
Smoking is not _____ (benefit) to you. （山东卷）(beneficial)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Smoking is of no ______ (beneficially) to you. (benefit)
Having the answers ready will be of great _____ (help). (help)
2. no matter where/what...引导让步状语从句
【原句再现】
Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.
句式分析：No matter how/what/when ..... 引导让步状语从句
【知识拓展】
※ no matter how意为“不管；无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，相当于however。
※“no matter＋特殊疑问词(如who/what/where/when等)”均可引导让步状语从句，可与特殊疑问词 ever等词互换。
※“疑问词＋ever”可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
【精品例句】
No matter how difficult the problem is，we should not lose heart.
无论问题有多难，我们都不应该丧失信心
No matter what/Whatever you say，I won't believe you any longer.
无论你说什么，我再也不相信你了
Whenever(＝No matter when)I'm unhappy，it is my friend Jane who cheers me up.
无论我什么时候不高兴，都是我的朋友简让我开心起来的
【高考链接】
_______ you are，you must obey the law. (湖北卷) (Whoever＝No matter who)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I'll post that letter no matter _____ Wilson says. (what/whatever)
No matter _____ you like，you can take it away. (which/what)
No matter ______ hot it is，he will not take off his coat. (how)
●定语从句的几种特殊情况（详见语法课件）
16 / 16
●词汇精讲
1. major adj. 主要的/重要的/重大的(反义：minor；(专业课程中) 主修的；n. 主修科目；主修(某科目的) 学生
【原句再现】
The supplies which were provided to the disaster area were collected from around the country.
【词块积累】
a major cause 主要原因
the major subjects 主修课程
majority n. 多数，大多数（反义词： minority）
温馨提示：
※ majority 常与of 连用，后接可数名词复数。当“majority + of + 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数，请观察下面句子
The majority of people believe smoking is harmful to health.
大多数人认为吸烟有害健康
※ 当majority 后不接of 短语作主语时，谓语动词既可用单数也可用复数，请观察下面句子
The majority was/were in favor of the proposal. 大多数人赞成这个提议
Who says the majority is/are always able to make the minority agree with their idea
谁说多数人总能使少数人同意他们的想法？
【精品例句】
We live in a country where women are in the majority.
我们居住的国家里妇女占大多数
Wang Lin wants to major in physics at college.
在大学，王琳想主修物理
Environment protection is a major event.
环境保护是一件重要事情
He is a major in French at Beijing University.
在北大， 他是主修法语的学生
【高考链接】
One-third of the country ____ (be) covered with tress and the majority of the citizens _______ (be) black people. (湖南新课改卷) (is; are)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The _____ (major) of the students find it quite hard to learn German. (majority)
2. character n.性格; 性质; 特色; 特性;(好的) 品性;道德品质;人物;角色; 符号;字体
【原句再现】
It has a plot, settings, characters and actions, as well as dialogue between characters.
【词块积累】
characterize/characterise vt.以为特色; 具有-的特征
a man of character 品德高尚的人
a famous character in history历史上的著名人物
cartoon characters 卡通人物
a leading character in a film电影里的主角 )
a musical character乐谱符号
Chinese characters汉字
【精品例句】
Mr. Brown loves to study Chinese characters. 布朗先生喜欢研究中国汉字
We are good friends and we are much alike in character.
我们俩是好朋友，而且性格很像
She has a cheerful but quiet character. 她的性格乐观文静
Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character.
态度上的弱点会变成性格上的弱点
The whole character of the school has changed since he became the president.
自从他担任校长以来，这所学校的整体特色已经改变了
The city invested 6 billion yuan to preserve the character of the old t own.
该城市投资60亿元用于保护古城的特色。
【高考链接】
Hiking by oneself can be fun and good for health. It may also be good for building. (湖北卷.完型)
A. respect B. friendship C. character D. reputation ( C)
He proved himself a true gentleman and the beauty of his was seen at its best when he worked with others. (上海卷.完型)
A. temper B. appearance C. talent D. character (D)
【考点训练】
翻译下列句子
体育运动有益于培养良好的品格
(Sports can be good for character building.
大象的特征是鼻子长
An elephant is characterized by a long trunk.
3. native adj. 出生地的；本地的；土著的；n．本地人；本国人
【原句再现】
How many billion people speak the UN's official languages as their native or second language
【词块积累】
one's native country/land/language 某人的祖国/故乡/母语
be native to… 原产于……
be a native of... ……的人；生长于……的动物或植物
【精品例句】
Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English.
以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，但也可以相互理解
Is her uncle a native of Shanghai，or just a visitor
她叔叔是上海本地人，还是只是一名游客
The researcher says the tiger is native to India.
研究人员说这种虎产于印度
As a matter of fact，French is not my native language.
事实上，法语不是我的母语
【高考链接】
The British forced the (native) to leave their land by burning their villages.
(陕西卷) (natives)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The kind of horses is not native __ America--it was introduced by the Spanish. (to)
4. refer to提到，谈到；查阅，参考；指的是
【原句再现】
Pronouns refer to something or somebody mentioned earlier.
【词块积累】
reference n.提及,涉及; 参考; 推荐信;推荐人
in / with reference to关于;根据.而论
refer … to …把…委托给…
【精品例句】
The scientist referred to global warming at least three times in his speech.那位科学家在演讲中至少3次提到了全球气候变暖。
My colleague said that as the situation was unusual he would refer the matter to his editor.我同事说由于情况非同寻常,他会把这个问题交给他的编辑处理。
In reference to your question about cost, the tickets for the film are 50 yuan each.关于你询问的价格，那部电影的票价是每张50元。
【高考链接】
While giving the English speech, one is not allowed to refer to the notes. (天津卷.阅读篇)
The president spoke at the business meeting for nearly an hour without ______ his notes. (山东卷.完型)
A. bringing up B. referring to C. looking for D. trying on (B)
You'd better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future (江西卷)
A. purpose B. reference C. progress D. memory (B)
Here is a memo for your _____ (refer) when you answer the phones. (福建卷) (reference)
The word “ business ” also refers _____ an organization that provides goods and services.(全国卷.) (to)
【考点训练】
翻译下列句子
查一下词典看看拼写是否正确
(Please refer to a dictionary to check the spelling.)
千万别提起他的病
(Avoid making any reference to his illness.)
5. base v. 以……为依据；n.根据地，基地
【原句再现】
At the beginning，written Chinese was a picture based language.
【词块积累】
basis n．基础；根据
on the basis of… 在……的基础上，根据……
on a regular basis 定期
be based on… 以……为基础
【精品例句】
The basis of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.
她的意见的依据是从杂志里看来的。
The article will form the basis for our discussion.
这篇文章将形成我们讨论的基础。
My theory is established on the solid basis of facts.
我的理论是以可靠的事实作为根据的。
【高考链接】
I suggested that we meet _____ a regular basis to discuss the progress. ( 陕西卷) (on)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Don't evaluate a person on the basis _____ appearance. (of)
The novel is based (base) on historical facts. (on/upon)
6. date back(to...) = date from追/上溯到……
【原句再现】
It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu--animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by ancient people.
【词块积累】
date back to…＝date from…追溯到……
out of date 过时的， 陈旧的
up to date 最新的，最近的
温馨提示：
※ date from与date back to都用主动语态，不用被动语态和进行时态，但可用动词 ing形式作定语、补语、状语等。
※ 谈论现存的物品或建筑物时，虽然这一事物建造于过去某一时期，但date from和date back to却用一般现在时。
【精品例句】
As far as I know，the old town dates from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.
据我所知，这个古老的城镇可追溯到初唐时期
According to the expert，the building has a history dating from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.
＝According to the expert，the building has a history which dates from/back to the early Tang Dynasty.
那个专家说这座建筑物历史悠久，可追溯到初唐时期
All the photos in this book date back to/from the 1950s.
本书中所有照片均可追溯到20世纪50年代
【高考链接】
According to the expert，the vase has a history (date) back to the Tang Dynasty.
（陕西卷） (dating)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Our friendship (date) back to 1960. (dates)
A lot of new words go ___ of date very quickly. (out)
They are very ___ to date in their method of language teaching. (up)
7. variety n．(植物、语言等的)变体；异体；多样化
【原句再现】
Over the years，the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically，leading to many varieties of dialects and characters.
【词块积累】
a variety of… ＝ varieties of…种类繁多的
various adj. 不同的；各种各样的
for various reasons 由于种种原因
vary vt.&vi. 改变；变化
vary from...to... 从……到……不等；在……到……之间变动
【精品例句】
In my free time，I'd like to take exercise，such as swimming，running and various/a variety of ball games.
在业余时间， 我喜欢锻炼， 例如：游泳、跑步和各种各样的球类运动
Susan's idea of freedom was to have variety in her life style.苏珊心目中的自由就是拥有多样的生活
The music itself has so much variety.
音乐本身就有许多种类。
【高考链接】
The author gave (vary) reasons for having written the book. (江西课改卷) (various)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
We have (variety) of flowers in our garden. (varieties)
Teaching methods vary greatly school to school. (from)
8. means n．方式；方法；途径
【原句再现】
Written Chinese has also become an important means by which China's present is connected with its past.
【词块积累】
a means of communication一种通讯/交流工具
by this means 通过这种方法
by means of 用……办法；借助……
by no means 决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
by all means 尽一切办法；务必；当然可以
【精品例句】
Please by all means hand in the report on time. 请务必准时上交报告
-- Can I use your car 我能用你的汽车吗？ -- By all means. 当然
There is no doubt that WeChat is an important means of communication.
毫无疑问，微信是一种重要的交流工具
Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing part time jobs.
学生有时借助兼职工作养活自己
Every possible means has been tried，but none has worked.
All possible means have been tried，but none has worked.
所有可能的方法都试过了，但没有一种有效
We can save much time by this means.通过这种方法我们能节省大量时间
She is by no means stupid. 她一点也不笨
I escaped a secret tunnel. 借助于秘密通道，我逃走了
【高考链接】
-- Can I come and have a look at your new house -- Yes, _____! (浙江卷)
A. with pleasure B. I like it C. I quite agree D. by all means. (D)
-- Do you think their table tennis will win the first place at the coming Asian Games
-- _____. Ours is much stronger than theirs. (江苏卷)
A. Of course B. It depends C. Don’t mention it D. By no means. (D)
【考点训练】
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项
I’ve tried very hard to improve my English. But by no means ____ with my progress.
A. the teacher is not satisfied B. is the teacher not satisfied
C. the teacher is satisfied D. is the teacher satisfied (D)
9. regard n．尊重；关注；vt. 把……视为；看待
【原句再现】
The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form，known as Chinese calligraphy，which has become an important part of Chinese culture.
【词块积累】
regard/consider...as... 认为……是……
have high/no regard for... 高度关注/无视……
with/in regard to sth. 关于某事
give one's regards to sb. 向某人致意；代……向某人问候
regarding prep. = concerning =with/in regard to关于；至于
regardless adv. 不顾，不加理会
regardless of 不管，不顾
【精品例句】
Never regard study as a duty. 绝不要把学习视为任务
Please give my regards to your parents. 请带我向你父母问好
With/in regard to his suggestions, we shall discuss them fully.
关于他的建议，我们会充分讨论
Regarding/Concerning your recent inquiry, I have enclosed a copy of our new brochure.
关于您最近的咨询，我已随信附上一份我们新的小册子
He is regarded as one of the great classical composers in this century.
他被认为是本世纪伟大的古典音乐作曲家之一
I am sure that kindness is more likely to win their regard than pride.
我确信善意比傲慢更可能赢得他们的尊敬
I've lived in the town so long that I regard it as my home.
我在这个城镇居住了很长时间，都把它当成了家
【高考链接】
I am always delighted when I receive an e-mail from you. ____ the party on July1st, I shall be pleased to attend. (江苏卷)
A. On account of B. In response to C. In view of D. With regard to (D)
Our club is open to everyone ____ age, sex or educational background. (福建卷)
A. due to B. except for C. along with D. regardless of (D)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Her parents always regarded her _______ the smartest of their children. (as)
If you should see him，please give him my _______ (regard)．(regards)
The government has set up some rules ______ (regard) the food safety. (regarding)
10. appreciate vt. 欣赏/赏识；重视；感激/感谢；领会/理解；vi.增值
【原句再现】
As China plays a greater role in global affairs，an increasing number of international students are beginning to appreciate China's culture and history through this amazing language.
【词块积累】
appreciate＋n./pron./v. ing重视/感激……
I would appreciate it if...假如……，我将不胜感激
appreciate the significance/value of sth. 理解某事的重要性/意义
appreciate + that/wh- 从句 意识到/理解/明白某事
appreciation n. 欣赏；感激；鉴赏
have a deep appreciation of literature 对文学有很高的鉴赏力
express one's appreciation to sb.for sth. 表达因某事对某人的感激之情
【精品例句】
I really appreciate your handwriting.你字写得真好
His talents aren't appreciated by his boss, which makes him depressed.
他的才干不为老板赏识，这使得他很沮丧
I appreciate your help very much and what you have done means something to me.
非常感谢你的帮助， 你所做的对我来说意义非凡
I really appreciate working with someone who does such a good job.
我非常乐意与工作如此出色的人共事
We would appreciate you letting us know of any problem.
有任何问题请告诉我们，我们将不胜感激
I'd appreciate it if I'd appreciate it if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.
如果你愿意教我如何使用电脑的话，我将不胜感激
We didn't fully appreciate that he was seriously ill.
我们没有充分意识到他病得很严重
It took me a long time before I was able to fully appreciate what my parents had done for me. 我用了很长时间才完全理解父母为我所做的一切
Please accept this gift in appreciation of all you've done for us.
非常感谢你为我们所做的一切，请收下这件礼物
I would like to express my appreciation and thanks to you all.
我向所有人表示诚挚的感谢!
【高考链接】
Chinese arts have won the of a lot of people outside China. (北京课改卷)
A. enjoyment B. appreciation C. entertainment D. reputation (B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I really appreciate ______ (have) time to relax with you on this nice island.
We appreciate your (help) us. (helping)
I would appreciate ___ if you would send me the postcard as soon as possible. (it)
Our house (appreciate) by 50% in the last two years. (has appreciated)
11. system n. 系统；体系，体制，制度
【原句再现】
There are many reasons why this has been possible, but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.
【词块积累】
systematic adj. 系统的，有条理的，有条不紊的
the postal system 邮政系统
a railway system 铁路系统
a social system 社会制度
a system of education 教育系统
a system of the government 政府体制
【精品例句】
Eleven-year-old Angela had something wrong with her nervous system.
安吉拉11岁，她的神经系统出了问题
What similarities or differences do you know about American and Chinese school systems
你知道美国和中国的学校制度有什么异同吗？
【高考链接】
In 1959 the company produced the ELEA computer ____ (systematic). (广东卷) ( system)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He knew that his success was almost entirely due to his assistant’s hard ___ (system) work.
( systematic)
12. relate vt&vi. (使) 互有关系；叙述；理解，认同
【原句再现】
Does each sentence relate to the main idea
【词块积累】
relation n. 关系，联系
related adj. 相关的，有关的
relative n. 亲戚，亲属； adj. 相对的，比较的
relationship n. 关系，联系
a distant relation 远亲
the relationship between teachers and students 师生关系
in close relationship with 与… 有密切关系
have a direct relationship with ….与…. 直接关系
a question relative to my plan 与我的计划有关的问题
in relation to 与…. 相比，关于
be related to 与….有关
【精品例句】
The report seeks to relate the rise in crime to an increase in unemployment.
这篇报告试图证明犯罪的增加与失业人数的增加有关
He related how the accident happened. 他叙述了事故发生的经过
Tiredness is directly related to a driver’s response time. 疲劳和司机的反应时间密切相关
The relationship between them is that of teacher and pupil. 他们是师生关系
He has established good relationship with his neighbors.
他和邻居建立了良好的关系
I have a lot to say in relation to this affair. 关于这件事我有很多话要说
Everyone seemed to be a relative of Tom’s. 每个人都像是汤姆的亲戚
【高考链接】
The accident was related ____ the driver’s carelessness. (山西卷) ( to)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Women’s earnings are still low in relation _____ men’s. (to)
13. equal adj. 相同的;同样的;相等的; 平等的; vi& vt等于; 比得上; n.同等的人/物
【原句再现】
If I’m talking to a close friend, I can use short requests, like “Open the window”—our relationship is close and we’re equals, so I only need a few words to bridge the gap between us.
【词块积累】
equal in size/length/height = of equal size/length/height同等大小/ 长度/高度
be equal to …与…相等/平等; 与...同样出色; 比得上; 能胜任
equality between the sexes 男女平等
equally adv. 相等地; 同样地; 平等地
equality n. 相等; 平等
racial equality 种族平等
on equal terms 相同条件地
【精品例句】
They believe that all work is of equal value. 他们认为所有工作都具有同等价值
All human beings are equal.人人平等
The rent was equal to half his monthly income. 这租金相当于他半个月的收入
The architecture here is equal to any in the world.
这里的建筑堪与世界上任何同类建筑相媲美
He is equal to anything.他无所不能
Three times three equals nine. 3乘3等于9
No one equals him in strength. 论力气, 谁也比不上他
Let x be the equal of y 设x等于y
When it comes to the art of war ants have no equal 在战术方面谁也比不上蚂蚁
People are born equal and should be treated equally. 人生来平等， 应该同等对待
【高考链接】
Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ______ (equal) respected. (福建课改卷) (equally)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
These workers are equal to ______ (do) this kind of work. (doing)
14. demand vt. (坚决)要求；需要; n. 要求; 需要; 需求
【原句再现】
But if I’m talking to someone who isn’t very close to , I must make my request longer—and I must make it a question, not a demand, e.g., “Could you open the window, please ”
【词块积累】
demand to do sth:
demand + that.. (should) do sth
a demand for higher wages加薪的要求
meet/satisfy the demands of the customers满足客户要求
supply and demand供求
in demand 非常需要的;受欢迎的
on demand 一经要求
温馨提示：不能用demand sb to do sth
【精品例句】
Taylor was able to demand very high pay for her movies. 泰勒能要求很高的片酬。
She demanded to see the manager. 她坚决要求见经理
Her teachers demanded that she wear longer skirts. 老师要求她穿长一些的裙子
This work demands care and patience. 这项工作需要细心和耐心
Due to popular demand, a writing project will be started for eager beginners.
应公众的要求, 一个为急切的初学者设立的写作项目即将开展
The demand for natural resources is becoming an increasingly serious problem for the future of mankind. 人类未来对自然资源的需求正成为一个日益严峻的问题
While modeling business is by no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. 由于模特业不易进入，好模特总是供不应求
【高考链接】
The Harry Potter books are quite popular; they are ________ great demand in this city. (全国课改卷) (in)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The old scientist demanded that the research on the cloning _______ (delay) at once. 【(should) delayed】
●句型点拨
1. “of 抽象名词”结构
【原句再现】
That writing system was of great importance in uniting the Chinese people and culture.
句式分析：of great importance属于“of＋抽象名词”结构，相当于very important
【句式拓展】
※名词是use/importance/help/value/interest/quality/benefit
/necessity等时，相当于其名词所对应的形容词，这类名词前可用no，some，any，little，much，great等词修饰。
※名词是age/shape/color/size/kind/type/price/height/depth/ width
/length/weight等时，表示不同的人或物的共同特征，这类名词前可用the same，different，good等修饰。
【精品例句】
What you are saying is of no interest(＝not interesting) to me.
你说的话让我提不起兴趣
His opinion is considered to be of great value(＝very valuable)．
大家一致认为他的观点很有价值
This medicine is of no use.
这种药没有用
I feel happy that the work I'm doing is of much value
我很高兴，我做的这项工作非常有价值
Your skirt is of the same size with mine but of different colors
你的裙子和我的裙子大小相同但颜色不同
【高考链接】
Smoking is not _____ (benefit) to you. （山东卷）(beneficial)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Smoking is of no ______ (beneficially) to you. (benefit)
Having the answers ready will be of great _____ (help). (help)
2. no matter where/what...引导让步状语从句
【原句再现】
Even today，no matter where Chinese people live or what dialect they speak，they can all still communicate in writing.
句式分析：No matter how/what/when ..... 引导让步状语从句
【知识拓展】
※ no matter how意为“不管；无论如何”，引导让步状语从句，相当于however。
※“no matter＋特殊疑问词(如who/what/where/when等)”均可引导让步状语从句，可与特殊疑问词 ever等词互换。
※“疑问词＋ever”可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。
【精品例句】
No matter how difficult the problem is，we should not lose heart.
无论问题有多难，我们都不应该丧失信心
No matter what/Whatever you say，I won't believe you any longer.
无论你说什么，我再也不相信你了
Whenever(＝No matter when)I'm unhappy，it is my friend Jane who cheers me up.
无论我什么时候不高兴，都是我的朋友简让我开心起来的
【高考链接】
_______ you are，you must obey the law. (湖北卷) (Whoever＝No matter who)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I'll post that letter no matter _____ Wilson says. (what/whatever)
No matter _____ you like，you can take it away. (which/what)
No matter ______ hot it is，he will not take off his coat. (how)
●定语从句的几种特殊情况（详见语法课件）
16 / 16