人教版（2019）必修第二册Unit 4 History and traditions Reading and Thinking 语言知识点课件(22张PPT)

(共22张PPT)
Unit4 Reading and Thinking
language points
be confused by 对...感到困惑
n.谜；智力游戏；疑问　
vt.迷惑；使困惑
联合王国、大不列颠、英国、英格兰——这些不同的名称是何意思？许多人感到困惑，那么，如果这些名称有区别的话，区别何在？稍微了解一下英国历史，就可以帮助你解开这个谜题。
structure？
translation？
Para. 1
Para 2 Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.
动名词短语做主语，谓语动词常用_____
单数
Para 5 Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable.
仿写：
①眼见为实。_________ is believing.
②在阳光下看书对我们的眼睛有害。
____________________ bad for our eyes.
③在不久的将来去外太空旅行会很普遍。
___________________ will be common in the near future.
Seeing
Reading in the sun is
Travelling is space
绿色通道 P86
Travelling
is
Being an outgoing student
绿色通道 P86
Para. 2
adj.附近的；邻近的　adv.在附近
join ... to ...把…和…连接或联结起来
(1) break away (from )
(2) break down
(3) break into
(4) break in
(5) break out
(6) break up
脱离；背叛;
损坏;发生故障;分解;
破门而入
插嘴
(战争)爆发;(火灾)突然发生
结束;破裂
(1) result in
(2) result from
(3) as a result
导致
由于
结果
refer to... as... 把…称为…
refer to参考；涉及；指的是；
16世纪时，邻国威尔士并入英格兰王国。随后，苏格兰在18世纪也加入进来，从而诞生了大不列颠王国。19世纪时，爱尔兰加入，组成了大不列颠及爱尔兰联合王国。最后，在20世纪时，爱尔兰南部脱离了联合王国，形成了今天的英国全称：大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。大多数人只是使用简称：“联合王国”。联合王国的人被称为“英国人”，这意味着联合王国也经常被称为英国或大不列颠。
Para 2 Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. (Para. 2, Line 7)
which 在这里引导______________ 从句，修饰 ___________。which在定语从句中作___________
We have today 是省略引导词that/ which的定语从句，
非限制性定语
前面整个句子
主语
Para 2 L13 People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.
Para 3 L1 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
Para 4 L1 The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.
Para 4 L2 Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
Para 4 L7 They introduced the beginnings of the Enqlish lanauage, and changed the way people built houses.
Para 5 L3 The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.
Para 2 L13 People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to as Britain or Great Britain.
which 在这里引导______________ 从句，修饰 ___________， which在定语从句中作 _______________
非限制性定语
前面整个句子
Para 3 L11 The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas.
that在这里引导______________ 从句，修饰 ______________, that 在定语从句中作 _______________
限制性定语
The four countries
主语
主语
Para 4 L1 The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions.
which 在这里引导______________ 从句，修饰 ___________， which在定语从句中作 _______________
非限制性定语
前面整个句子
主语
Para 4 L2 Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history.
who 在这里引导______________ 从句，
修饰 ____________________________， who在定语从句中作 ___
限制性定语
four different groups of people
主语
Para 4 L7 They introduced the beginnings of the Enqlish lanauage, and changed the way people built houses.
people built houses为定语从句修饰先行词the way，其前省略了关系词that/in which，此时关系词在定语从句中作方式状语。
the way在后接定语从句中做状语的三种表达：
①the way+that定语从句
②the way+in which定语从句
③the way+定语从句
1) way 表示 “方式; 方法”时，其后常接that或in which引导的定语从句, 也可以将关系词that/in which省略掉。
2) way 后接定语从句时, 如果关系词在从句中作主语或宾语则用关系代词that/which, 作宾语时可以省略。
Para 5 L3 The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times.
that 在这里引导______________ 从句，
修饰 ____________________________， that在定语从句中作 ___
限制性定语
an ancient port city
主语
定语从句
概念： 在复合句中，作定语修饰名词或代词的从句
要素： 先行词/ 关系词
分类：
关系
代词：
关系
副词:
when 时间状语
where 地点状语
why 原因状语
指人
指物
who (主语，宾语），whom(宾语）
that( 主语，宾语），whose（ 定语）
that( 主语，宾语），whose（ 定语）
which( 主语，宾语）
介词+which
限制性定语从句
非限制性定语从句
基本和限制性定语从句一致
不能用that
关系代词做宾语也不可以省略
关系副词why要用for which 来替代
Para. 3
属于 （不能用作被动和进行时态）
和，还有 （主谓一致）
n.通货；货币
军事防御
known as 为动词的过去分词作__________, 修饰前面的名词______，相当于非限制性定语从句 which is known as the Union Jack。
后置定语
flag
They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well as share the same currency and military defence.
过去分词（短语）作状语主要是说明谓语动作发生的背景或条件，表示原因、时间、条件、让步、方式或伴随情况等。可以置于主句前，也可放在之后，用逗号隔开。
Tip: 当动词和主语之间构成被动关系时用过去分词作状语，
若动词和主语构成主动关系时则用现在分词作状语。
Para. 4
be surrounded by/with ... 被……包围
take over
take away
take off
take part in
接管；接收
带走，拿走
起飞；脱下；离开；突然成功
参加
include v.包含；
include doing sth包括做某事
They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system.
表使役的动词：have, make, get等。
have /get/make + n. /pron. + p.p “使某事被做”
绿色通道 P86
绿色通道 P86
washed
stolen
→Unfortunately, he had his right leg injured during the training.
Para. 5
date back to追溯到(＝date from)
all the way一直
all over the UK全英国
all over China全中国
keep your eyes open (for)留心；留意
be surprised to do sth
很惊奇地做某事
Complete the conversation about the UK using the phrases in their correct forms.
A: I can never remember what the UK means! There’s England, Britain, _____________ Great Britain!
B: Well, it helps if you remember that there are four countries that ____________ the UK. That’s why it’s called the United Kingdom.
A: Four countries I must have been asleep in that part of our history class! So the first country was England, and the others were ___________ that
B: Yes, right. First England, then Wales, then Scotland. The last country was Ireland, but later the southern half didn’t want to be ___________ the United Kingdom.
A: Oh, I remember now! The southern part ______________ from Northern Ireland, right
B: Yes, you got it well remembered! But ___________________ in history class next time!
as well as belong to add to join to break away keep your eyes open
as well as
belong to
joined to
added to
broke away
keep your eyes open
Practice
Thank You !