人教版（2019）高中英语必修第一册 Unit5Languages around the world单元语法详解课件 (共21张PPT)

(共21张PPT)
Unit 5 Languages around the world
单元语法详解
人教版新教材必修一
本单元语法
→定语从句中的几种特殊情况
a. It dates back several thousand years to the use of longgu
—animal bones and shells on which symbols were carved by
ancient Chinese people.
b. Written Chinese has also become an important means by
which China’s present id connected with its past.
◆ 原句再现
●关系代词在从句中作介词宾语时，可以和介词一起放在从句与主句之间，请观察一些句子
◆ “介词+关系代词” 引导的定语从句
a. The school (which/that) he once studied in is very famous.
→ The school in which he once studied is very famous.
b. Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine (which/that) you asked for.
→ Tomorrow I’ll bring here the magazine for which you asked.
c. This is the boy (whom/who/that) I played tennis with yesterday.
→ This is the boy with whom I played tennis with yesterday.
d. The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
→ The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions.
●含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开,介词仍放在短语动词的后面, 如：look for, look after, take care of 等, 请观察以下句子
a. This is the watch (which/that) I am looking for. (√)
b. This is the watch for which I am looking. (×)
c. The babies (whom/who/that) the nurse is looking after are very healthy. (√)
d. The babies after whom the nurse is looking are very healthy. （×）
●介词后的关系代词不可用 that, as 和 who,若介词放在关系代词前,关系代词指人时, 只能用 whom, 指物时,只能用 which；关系代词是所有格时用 whose, 请观察以下句子
a. The man with whom you talked just now is my neighbor. (√)
b. The man with that/who you talked just now is my neighbor. (×)
c. The plane in which we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (√)
d. The plane in that we flew to Canada was really comfortable. (×)
● “介词+关系代词”前还可有 some, any, none, all, both, neither, few, many, most, each等代词或者数词, 表示部分和整体的关系, 请观察以
下句子
a. He loves his parents deeply, both of whom are very kind to him.
b. In the basket there are many apples, some of which have gone bad.
c. There are forty students in our class in all, most of whom are from big cities.
d. Up to now, he has written ten stories, three of which are all about country life.
●关系代词前介词的确定
※ 根据先行词的习惯搭配确定, 请观察以下句子
a. They’ll never forget July 1 on which Hong Kong returned to its motherland.
b. 1992 is the year in which you were born.
※根据定语从句中短语动词的习惯搭配确定，请观察以下句子
a. The school to which I was sent was very large.
b. Hong Kong is the city from which he comes.
※根据定语从句的语境确定, 请观察下面的句子
Wu Song was the man by whom the tiger was shot.
※小操练
a. They stood at the window，from ________ they could see what was happening in the street.
b. The book was really written in 1946，since ________ the education system has witnessed great changes.
where
when
●先行词是 one, ones, those和 anyone时,只用 who,请观察以下句子
◆只能用 who引导定语从句的情况: 在定语从句中, who和 that指代人时常可以通用，但在下列情况中只能用 who, 不能用 that, 请注意观察
a. One who has nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.
b. The ones who flatter me don’t please me.
c. Anyone who fails to finish the task given should be criticized.
d. No words are strong enough in order to express our thanks to those who worked hard to rescue survivors in the earthquake.
●当一个句子带有两个定语从句时，其中一个定语从句的关系代词如果是 that, 另一个则要用 who, 请观察下面的句子
The boy that you met last night is a group leader who studies very hard.
● 在 there be 开头的句子中，关系代词用 who, 请观察以下句子
a. Crusoe's dog, which was are now very old, became ill and died .
b. More people are beginning to learn English, which is becoming very popular in our country.
a. There is a young man who wants to see your father.
b. There are many old men who are against this plan.
◆当先行词是事物时，只能用 which引导定语从句的情况
●当关系代词前面有介词时, 请观察以下句子
a. A zoo is a park in which many kinds of animals are kept for exhibition.
b. Is this the room in which Mr. White lives
●在非限制性定语从句中, 请观察以下句子
●当关系代词后面带有插入语时.
●一个句子中有两个定语从句，如果其中一个定语从句用了关系代词 that, 则另一个用 which , 请观察以下句子
Let me show you the novel，that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.
Here's the English grammar which, as I have just told you, will help improve your English.
●先行词本身是 that时, 通常用 which， 请观察下面的句子
What's that which she is looking at
◆定语从句中只能用 关系代词 that 引导的情况
●当先行词为 all, much, little, something, everything, anything, nothing, none, few, the one等词时，请观察以下句子
Everything that he said was true.
● 当先行词被 the very, the only，any，few，little，no，all修饰时, 请观察以下句子
a. This is the very grammar book (that) I want to buy.
b. The only thing that is constant is change.
c. There was little that we could do to help her.
●当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时，请观察以下
句子
a. This is the best that has been used against pollution.
b. This is the most interesting film that I've ever seen.
●当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时, 请观察以下句子
a. The first place that they visited in London was the Big Ben.
b. What is the first American film that you have seen
●当主句的主语是疑问词 who或 which时, 为避免重复则用关系代词that,请观察以下句子
a. Who that has common sense will believe such nonsense.
b. Which is the T-shirt that fits me most
●当先行词既有人又有物时, 请观察下面句子
Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about
●先行词在定语从句中做表语, 而且关系代词在从句中也做表语时, 请观察以下句子
a. She is no longer the sweet girl (that) she used to be.
b. He is not the man (that) he seems.
◆定语从句中含有插入语时的处理方法
● 定语从句和先行词之间有 I think，you know，I believe，I thought 等插入语。要先去除插入语，再根据分析选择正确的关系词，请观察以下句子
a. This is the school where you know I once studied.
b. I picked up a man who I thought was honest.
c. He made a discovery, which I think is very important.
◆如何找准先行词
● 一般说来，定语从句紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后，但有时也会出现先行词和定语从句被一个词或一个短语所分隔，或者谓语太短等情况，这时我们要根据定语从句的语境确定哪一个词是先行词, 请观察以下句子
a. I've become good friends with several of the students in my school whom/who I met in the English speech contest last year.
b. The days are gone when we used the foreign oil.
◆ way 和 time后接定语从句的情况
● 在定语从句中，the way在从句中充当方式状语时，其后的关系词可以是 in which, that或省略；但是当它在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分时，其后的关系词就用 that或 which, 请观察以下句子
What surprised me was not what he said but the way he said it.
● 先行词是 time，若 time作“次数”讲，则用关系代词 that引导定语从句，that可省略；若 time作“一段时间，时代”讲且作状语时，应用关系副词 when或介词 at/during＋which引导定语从句, 请观察以下句子
a. This is the second time (that) the President has visited the country.
b. This was really a time when / during which there were no radios, no telephones or no TV sets.
◆定语从句先行词部分是 one of …时, 从句谓语动词用复数, 定语从句先行词部分是 the only one of…时，从句谓语动词用单数，请观察
以下句子
a. This is one of the best novels that were published last year.
b. This is the only one of the best novels that was published last year.
c. John is the only one of the students who speaks French．
d. John is one of the students who speak French．
◆考点训练
●在空白处填入适当的关系词
1. This is one of the best films ________ have been shown this year.
2. I'm interested in all _________ you have said.
3. Who is the man _________ is making a speech
4. He told us all __________ had happened.
5.This is the most interesting film ________ I have ever seen.
6. This is the first place _________ we visited yesterday.
7. This is the first place ________ we worked.
8. This is the only plant ________ grows in the area.
9. The glasses without ________ he couldn't see clearly were lost.
10. I said nothing，________ made him angry.
that
that
that
that
that
that
where
that
which
which
11. I disagree with the facts _________ which your argument is based.
12. The song, _________ which he was interested, will never be heard again.
13. This is the reason __________ which he often comes to school late.
14. I will never forget the way _____ which my teacher taught me.
15. This is the hero _______ whom we are proud.
16. They are the students _______ whom our teachers are thinking highly.
17. It is important to choose good friends ______ whom you can share your feelings
on which
in which
for which
in
of
of
with
● 从 A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
1. Who _____ has common sense will do such a thing？
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
D
2. All the apples _____ fell down were eaten by the pigs.
A. that B. those　 C. which　 D. what
3. They asked him to tell them everything _____ he saw at the front.
A. what B. that　 C. which　 D. where
4. I’ll tell you _____ he told me last night.
A. all which　 B. all what　 C. that all D. all
5. For me, Gone with the Wind is a very happy discovery, _____ I shall
return frequently.
A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which
6. The house ________ Lu Xun used to live is now a museum.
which B. that C. in which D. there
7. ________ is often the case with children，Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived. A. It B. That C. What D. As
A
B
D
C
C
D
8. There was a time in my life _______ I hated to go to school because
I didn't get on well with my classmates.
A. that B. when C. what D. which
9. After the flooding，people were suffering in that area，________
urgently needed clean water，medicine and shelter to survive.
A. which B. who C. where D. what
10. Do you know the man ________？
A. whom I spoke B. to who I spoke
C. I spoke to D. that I spoke
11. I am very grateful to my high school teachers, without ______help
I wouldn't be so excellent.
whom B. them C. which D. whose
12. Her sister has become a lawyer，________ she wanted to be.
A. who B. that C. what D. which
B
B
C
D
B
13. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread in China's vast countryside.
A. as B. when C. until D. before
14. He talked a lot about things and persons ______ they remembered in the school.
A. which B. that C. whom D. what
15. The way ________ he looks at problems is wrong.
A. which B. whose C. what D. /
16. My neighbors used to give me a hand in time of trouble，_______ was very kind of them.
A. who B. which C. that D. it
17. The volunteers paid a visit to all the senior citizens in these three community，most of ________ are aged from 70 to over 90 years old.
A. whom B. those C. them D. which
B
B
D
B
A
That’s all for today!
Goodbye!