Module 1 British and American English
Period One Warm-up and Reading(Ⅰ)
基础落实
Ⅰ.课文理解
1． What are the four ways in which British and American English are different?
A．Vocabulary，accent，grammar and spelling.
B．Vocabulary，grammar，spelling and pronunciation.
C．Vocabulary，speaking，spelling and grammar.
D．Vocabulary，writing，grammar and pronunciation.
2． What’s the main idea of the first paragraph?
A．Differences in words that are not well known.
B．Differences in grammar.
C．Differences in words that are well known.
D．Differences in British English and American English.
3． ________have/has made it easier for the British and Americans to understand each other.
A．Television
B．Radio
C．The Internet
D．Both A and C
4． How many languages can Monita Rajpal speak?
A．Two. B．Three. C．Four. D．Five.
5． In the future，users of English will all be able to understand________.
A．only in the same country
B．in America
C．in different countries
D．in England
Ⅱ.课文缩写
What are the differences between British English and American English?
First，British English and American English are different in the 1.________.They 2.________ in words that are well known and not well known.Second，there are a few differences in 3.________.Third，the 4.________ of some words is different.American spelling seems 5.________.Fourth，there are differences in 6.________.Though there are many 7.________ between British English and American English，native English speakers can understand each other even 8.________ they don’t speak the same kind of English.
Ⅲ.用适当的介、副词填空
1． British and American English are different ________ many ways.
2． Americans drive automobiles down freeways and fill ________ with gas.
3． The British queue up；Americans stand ________ line.
4． The accent，which is most similar ________ British English，can be heard on the East Coast of
the US.
5． But it has also led ________ lots of American words and structures passing into British
English.
6． This international dimension suggests that ________ the future，there are going to be many
“Englishes”，not just two main varieties.
7． However，if you turn ________ CNN，the American TV network，you find newsreaders and
weather forecasters all speaking with different accents.
8． There are hundreds ________ different words which are not used on the other side of the
Atlantic.
9． Maybe you will prefer to get around the town ________ taxi(British) or cab (American)．
10．In the States chips are very thin and are sold ________ packets.
Ⅳ.同义词语替换
1． It is clear that this situation cannot last much longer. ________________
2． What you said was puzzling. ________________
3． The first two paragraphs of your article should be left_out. ________________
4． She was very lazy，which caused her failure. ________________
5． The news that he was fired spread quickly. ________________
Ⅴ.完成句子
1． I think we should do the work by ourselves.________________(毕竟)，we are grown-ups.
2． We all suggest that he ________________________(看医生)．
3． ________________________(他有可能) to pass the exam.
4． I ________________________________________(宁愿去看电影而不愿呆在家里)．
5． I saw ________________________(他困惑的表情) when you were speaking.
能力提升
阅读理解
A
A study of English learning problems was carried out among a total of 106 foreign students.It shows that most students considered understanding spoken English to be their biggest problem on arrival.This was followed by speaking.Writing increased as a problem as students discovered difficulties in writing papers that they were now expected to hand in.Reading remained as a significant(显著的)problem.
The information gained helped us in determining where special attention should be paid in our course.Although many students have chosen to join the course with a reasonable motivation(动机)，we considered it important to note what seemed to encourage interest.Nearly all the students have experienced some kind of grammar-based English teaching in their own country.To use the same method would be self-defeating because it might reduce motivation，especially if it has failed in the past.Therefore a different method may help because it is different.
Variety of activity was also seen as a way of maintaining(保持)or increasing motivation.Several years ago we had one timetable that operated throughout，but we soon found that both the students and the teachers lost interest by about halfway through the ten weeks.This led up to a major rethink，so finally we brought it into line with the expressed language needs of the students.
1． Writing became a bigger problem when foreign students ________.
A．had to write their papers
B．became better at speaking
C．became less interested in reading
D．had fewer problems with listening
2． We may infer from the last two paragraphs that ________.
A．different teaching methods should be used
B．grammar-based teaching seems to be encouraging
C．English courses are necessary for foreign students
D．teaching content should be changed halfway
3． The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to “________”．
A．rethink B．activity
C．motivation D．timetable
4． The best title of the passage is________.
A．Learning English
B．English Learning Problems
C．Motivation—the Key to Improving English
D．How to Learn English
B
It may help you to know that there is no such thing as a perfect speech.At some point in every speech，every speaker says something that is not understood exactly as he has planned.Fortunately，such moments are usually not obvious to the listeners.Why? Because the listeners do not know what the speaker plans to say.They hear only what the speaker does say.If you lose your place for a moment，wrongly change the order of a couple of sentences，or forget to pause at a certain point，no_one_will_be_any_the_wiser.When such moments occur，don’t worry about them.Just continue as if nothing happened.
Even if you do make an obvious mistake during a speech，that doesn’t really matter.If you have ever listened to Martin Luther King’s famous speech—“I Have a Dream”，you may notice that he stumbled (结巴) over his words twice during the speech.Most likely，however，you don’t remember.Why? Because you were fixing your attention on his message rather than on his way of speech-making.
People care a lot about making a mistake in a speech because they regard speech-making as a kind of performance rather than as an act of communication.They feel the listeners are like judges in an ice-skating competition.But，in fact，the listeners are not looking for a perfect performance.They are looking for a well-thought-out speech that expresses the speaker’s ideas clearly and directly.Sometimes a mistake or two can actually increase a speaker’s attractiveness by making him more human.
As you work on your speech，don’t worry about being perfect.Once you free your mind of this，you will find it much easier to give your speech freely.
5． The underlined part in the first paragraph means that no one will ________.
A．be smarter than you
B．notice your mistakes
C．do better than you
D．know what you are talking about
6． You don’t remember obvious mistakes in a speech because ________.
A．your attention is on the content
B．you don’t fully understand the speech
C．you don’t know what the speaker plans to say
D．you find the way of speech-making more important
7． It can be inferred from the passage that________.
A．giving a speech is like giving a performance
B．one or two mistakes in a speech may not be bad
C．listeners should pay more attention to how a speech is made
D．the more mistakes a speaker makes，the more attractive he will be
8． Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．If you are careful enough，you can make a perfect speech.
B．Speech-making is a kind of performance.
C．Martin Luther King is not a good speaker.
D．Listeners are not judges and they pay more attention to the content.
答案
基础落实
Ⅰ.1.B 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．C
Ⅱ.1.vocabulary 2.differ 3.grammar 4.spelling
5．simpler 6.pronunciation 7.differences 8.if
Ⅲ.1.in 2.up 3.in 4.to 5.to 6.in 7.on 8.of 9.by 10.in
Ⅳ.1.obvious 2.confusing 3.omitted 4.led to 5.got around
Ⅴ.1.After all 2.should see a doctor 3.It is possible for him 4.prefer to go to the movies rather than stay at home 5.his confused expression
能力提升
1．A 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D
Period One Warm-up and Reading(Ⅱ)
基础落实
Ⅰ.根据提示写出单词
1． flash n．→________ n．(美)手电筒；火把
2． confuse vt.→________ adj.令人困惑的；难懂的
3． vary v．→________ n．变化→________ n．种类
4． different adj.→________ n．差别，不同→ ________ vi.不同，有区别
5． settle v．→________ n．移民；定居者
Ⅱ.根据英文释义写出单词
1． ________ n．：someone who studies or teaches linguistics
2． ________ n．：the way someone pronounces the words of a language，showing which country
or which part of a country they come from
3． ________ adj.：easy to notice or understand
4． ________ vt.：to not include someone or something，either on purpose or because you forget
to do it
5． ________ n．：something that you say when you express an opinion or say what you have
noticed
Ⅲ.选词填空
have no difficulty in，be similar to，get around，lead to，in common with，except for，compare...with，remark on
1． ________________________ other youngsters，we all enjoy pop music and sports.
2． With this map helping us，we ________________________ finding his house last Saturday.
3． I think it was his carelessness that _________________________________________ his
failure in the College Entrance Examinations.
4． Look，my new bicycle ________________ yours.I can’t tell the differences between them.
5． He ________________ quite a lot，working for an international company.
6． I had nothing on ________________ my socks.
7． Don’t ________ your disadvantages ________ others’ strong points.
8． The differences between the two have often been ________________.
Ⅳ.句型转换
1． Everyone knows that Mary is lying obviously.
________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ Mary is lying.
2． These students come from various backgrounds.
These students come from ________ ________ ________ backgrounds.
3． If we compare standards in health care with those 40 years ago，we can find that they have
improved rapidly.
________ ________ those 40 years ago，standards in health care have improved rapidly.
4． She didn’t help us.She just laughed at us.
She laughed at us ________ ________ helping us.
5． Do you burn coal and wood on this fire?
Do you burn coal ________ ________ ________ wood on this fire?
Ⅴ.单项填空
1． They are in great need of help and your support will make a ________ to them.
A．difference B．discovery
C．rule D．sign
2． Free medical treatment in this country covers sickness of mind as well as ________ sickness.
A．normal B．particular
C．ordinary D．common
3． Written English is more or less the same in both British and American English ________ the
differences in spelling.
A．except for B．except that
C．except D．besides
4． The doctor suggested that the teacher ________ at home for two months，but his words
suggested that he ________ accept the suggestion.
A．stayed；couldn’t B．stay；couldn’t
C．stayed；can’t D．stay；can’t
5． The good result ________ the correct methods，that is to say，correct methods ________ good
result.
A．lies；lead B．leads to；lie in
C．lies in；lead to D．lies to；lead to
6． Do you have much difficulty ________ yourself ________ while talking with an American?
A．to make；understand B．making；understand
C．to make；understood D．making；understood
7． Don’t think of the exam.________，it has been passed quite a few days.
A．In all B．Not at all
C．After all D．At all
8． There are ________ places of interest from all over the world in the World Park.
A．two hundred of B．two hundreds
C．hundreds of D．two hundreds of
9． It is ________ for her to finish that maths problem in such a short time，because she is so
clever.
A．probable B．impossible
C．likely D．possible
10．E-mail as well as telephones ________ a very important part in daily communication.
A．are playing B．is playing
C．have played D．play
能力提升
阅读理解
When you are in another country，it is important to know the language，but it is equally important to know how to communicate nonverbally，before saying anything by making gestures.According to a pioneer in nonverbal communication，only 30 to 35 percent of our communication is verbal.When people don’t know the language，the most common way to communicate is through gestures.However，many gestures have different meanings，or no meaning at all，in different parts of the world.
In the United States，for example，nodding your head up and down means “yes”．In some parts of Greece and Turkey，however，this motion can mean “no”．In Southeast Asia，nodding your head is a polite way of saying “I’ve heard you”．
In ancient Rome，when the emperor wanted to spare someone’s life，he would put his thumb up.Today in the United States，when someone puts his/her thumb up，it means “Everything is all right”．However，in Sardinia and Greece，the gesture is insulting and should not be used there.
In the United States，raising your clasped hands above your head means “I’m the champion” or “I’m the winner”．It is the sign prizefighters make when they win a fight.When a leading Russian statesman made this gesture after a White House meeting，Americans misunderstood and thought he meant he was a winner.In Russia，however，it is a sign of friendship.
In the United States，holding your hand up with the thumb and index finger in a circle and the other three fingers spread out means “Everything is OK” and is frequently used by astronauts and politicians.In France and Belgium，it can mean “You’re worth nothing”．
There are other nonverbal signals that people should be aware of when they go to another country，such as the distance to maintain between speakers.Americans usually feel comfortable when speaking with someone if the distance between them is about eighteen inches to arm’s length.Anything closer makes them feel uncomfortable.
When talking to Americans，it is also important to make eye contact.If you look down when talking to an American，he/she may feel that you are embarrassed，afraid，or trying to hide something.
In addition to knowing how to communicate nonverbally in a country，it is important to know what you and he cannot discuss.In the United States，there are certain topics to avoid when you first meet someone.For example，don’t ask people their age，weight，religion，marital status，how much money they earn，or how much something costs.You can talk about work，the weather，traffic problems，sports，food，news of the day，where one lives，consumer subjects (computers，car repairs，and so forth)，and travel or vacation plans.
These few examples illustrate that your actions can speak louder than your words.In a particular cultural contest，what you say and what you don’t say are equally important.
1． Which of the following is TRUE?
A．People all over the world only communicate verbally.
B．Most of our gestures have no meaning at all.
C．Some people think that 65 to 70 percent of our communication is nonverbal.
D．Gestures are the most common way to communicate.
2． As we can see from the passage there are________kinds of nonverbal communication signals.
A．four B．five
C．six D．seven
3． The main idea of the passage is that when you are in another country，________.
A．it is unimportant to know the language
B．it is important to know what you can talk about to a foreigner
C．to know how to communicate nonverbally is as important as to know the language
D．to communicate the rough gestures is more important than to know the language
答案
基础落实
Ⅰ.1.flashlight 2.confusing 3.variation；variety
4．difference；differ 5.settler
Ⅱ.1.linguist 2.accent 3.obvious 4.omit 5.remark
Ⅲ.1.In common with 2.had no difficulty in 3.led to
4．is similar to 5.got around 6.except for 7.compare；with 8.remarked on
Ⅳ.1.It；is；obvious；to；everyone；that 2.a；variety；of
3．Compared；to/with 4.instead；of 5.as；well；as
Ⅴ.1.A 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．D 10．B
能力提升
1．C 2．C 3．C
Period Three Grammar
基础落实
Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1． He often ________ (do) his homework in his study.
2． If you ________ (work) hard，you won’t fail in the exam.
3． They ________________ (leave) for Shanghai next Sunday.
4． He ________________ (always think) of others.
5． What ________ you ________ (do) these days?
6． I ________________ (not see) my English teacher this evening.
7． George ________________ (meet) that gentleman on several occasions.
8． This is the first time that I ________________ (visit) the Great Wall.
9． Mr.Wang ________ (write) good English but ________________ (not speak) well.
10．Professor James will give us a lecture on the Western culture，but when and where
________________________ (not decide) yet.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1． When he ________________________，he’ll tell us.
接到信时，他会告诉我们的。
2． She usually ________________ to school every morning.
她通常每天早上坐公共汽车去上学。
3． Be quiet！The baby ________________.
安静！孩子在睡觉。
4． ________________________ a rock concert at this weekend.
在这周末将有一个摇滚音乐会。
5． It is the first time that I ________________ such a high building.
这是我第一次看到如此高的一栋建筑。
6． I think this is the best film that I ________________________.
我认为这是我曾经看到的最好的电影。
7． Look at those black clouds.It ________________ rain.
看那些乌云，要下雨了。
8． It is five years since she ________ here.
她不在这里工作已经五年了。
9． You ________________________________ and we are very angry.
你总是迟到，我们很生气。
10．I got to know him two years ago.We ________________ each other for two years.
我两年前认识他，我们已认识两年了。
Ⅲ.单项填空
1． Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they
________before leaving their hometowns.
A．promised
B．were promised
C．have promised
D．have been promised
2． The coffee is wonderful！It doesn’t taste like anything I ________ before.
A．had ever had B．was having
C．have D．have ever had
3． Millions of pounds’ worth of damage ________ by a storm which swept across the north of
England last night.
A．has been caused B．had been caused
C．will be caused D．will have been caused
4． I________all the cooking for my family，but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.
A．will do B．do
C．am doing D．have done
5． If you plant watermelon seeds in the spring，you________fresh watermelon in the summer.
A．eat B．would eat
C．have eaten D．will be eating
6． —Can I help you，Madam?
—No，thanks.I ________.
A．have just looked around
B．just look around
C．just looked around
D．am just looking around
7． My money ________.I must go to the bank to draw some of the savings out before I have
none in hand.
A．has run out
B．has been run out
C．is running out
D．is being run out
8． The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities________rising steadily since
1997.
A．is B．are
C．has been D．have been
9． When you are home，give a call to let me know you________safely.
A．are arriving B．have arrived
C．arrive D．will arrive
10．Let’s keep to the point or we ________ any decisions.
A．will never reach B．have never reached
C．never reach D．never reached
能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读填空
You must practice your language skills，or there is no point learning.1.________ It is by constantly repeating words and phrases until they all start to make sense.The same is needed by people who are trying to learn a foreign language.There are many different things to do for each of the four parts of language learning.
2．________ If you are learning French，then next time you go to France，buy a lot of newspapers and books.Read them—it is as simple as that.If you read with a dictionary next to you，you should be able to look up words when you don’t know them and at least follow what is being said.
Practicing writing does not have to be too tricky.3.________ You could write to tourist information offices asking for brochures about their town，or to hotels asking for details of prices.With the Internet，practicing writing does not have to be difficult as you can write a quick e-mail and send it straight off.If a reply comes back to you containing the information you requested，you will feel happy as your practice is paying off.
Practicing speaking skills is perhaps the most interesting experience because you get the chance to interact with others.Of course，the best way to practice is to visit the country where the language is spoken.4.________ If this route is also closed，do not panic.You can speak to yourself and make tapes of it.
The practice of listening skills tends to go hand in hand with speaking.If you are able to do any of the above，such as going on holiday or chatting with a native speaker，then the listening practice will follow naturally.5.________ You can also listen to rented DVDs in the language with and without subtitles to help you along.
A．Traveling is a good way of enjoying the culture.
B．Practicing reading does not have to be difficult.
C．Think of how a child picks up its mother tongue.
D．But if not，you can buy or borrow tapes of people speaking.
E．A good test to see if your writing is making sense is to ask for replies.
F．You can persuade your partner or best friend to learn the language with you.
G．If this is not possible，then speak to a friend or your teacher if they have time.
Ⅱ.短文改错
Dear Tom，
I’m very glad to learn from your e-mail that you and your sister will come to Xi’an and call on me on July 1st.And I’m terribly sorry that I can’t meet you at the airport because I have to attend meeting in Beijing.Now let me to tell you the way to your home.When you got out of the airport，you can take Bus No.29 to You Yi Bus Station.Walk across the Friendship Street to the west，you can see a bookstore at the corner.Turn to the left there and go straightly on.Then you can see a bank your left.The apartment building I live in is next to the bank.Find Room 502，which my mother will be waiting for you.
Best regard to you all.
Yours，
Liu Mei
答案
基础落实
Ⅰ.1.does 2.work 3.are leaving 4.is always thinking 5.are；doing 6.haven’t seen 7.has met 8.have visited 9.writes；doesn’t speak 10.hasn’t been decided
Ⅱ.1.receives the letter 2.takes a bus 3.is sleeping
4．There will be 5.have seen 6.have ever seen 7.is going to 8.worked 9.are always
coming late 10.have known
Ⅲ.1.D 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．D 6．D 7．C 8．C 9．B 10．A
能力提升
Ⅰ.1.C 2.B 3.E 4.G 5.D
Ⅱ.短文改错
Dear Tom，
I’m very glad to learn from your e-mail that you and your sister will come to Xi’an and call on me on July 1st. I’m terribly sorry that I can’t meet you at the airport because I have to attend meeting in Beijing.Now let me to tell you the way to home.When you out of the airport，you can take Bus No.29 to You Yi Bus Station. across the Friendship Street to the west，you can see a bookstore at the corner.Turn to the left there and go on.Then you can see a bank your left.The apartment building I live in is next to the bank.Find Room 502，或 my mother will be waiting for you.
Best to you all.
Yours，
Liu Mei
Period Two Integrating Skills
基础落实
Ⅰ.单词检测
1．v.加；增加 ________
陈述；提出(观点、计划等) ________
简化 ________
批评 ________
2．n.声明；宣告 ________
努力；尝试 ________
参考；查阅 ________
3．adj.逗人喜爱的________
与众不同的 ________
标准的 ________
Ⅱ.短语检测
1． 同意；支持________________
2． 称……为……________________
3． 幸亏，多亏________________
Ⅲ.同义词语替换
1． Their methods share_the_same_feature.
________________________
2． His absence_had_an_effect_on_us.
________________________
3． The bank was really busy—we had to wait_in_line_for a long time to get served.
________________________
4． The two books are_different in colour—one is red，and the other is blue.
________________________
5． He was very lazy，which caused his failure.
________________________
6． Your car is_almost_the_same_to mine in color.
________________________
7． I know what I want to say but I find_it_is_not_easy_for_me_to_put it across.
________________________
8． Because_of his own mistakes，he lost his job again.
________________________
Ⅳ.单项填空
1． He tried his best to solve the problem，________ difficult it was.
A．however B．no matter
C．whatever D．although
2． Such advice ________ he had given proved almost worthless.
A．as B．like
C．that D．which
3． If you do ________ him，he will ________ of you in the class election.
A．a favour to；be in favour
B．a favour；in favour
C．a favour for；be in favour
D．in favour of；be a favour
4． You can look for new coins to add ________ your collection.
A．up B．to C．up to D．/
5． A small plane crashed into a hillside five miles east of the city，________all four people on
board.
A．killed B．killing
C．kills D．to kill
6． Jason has been preparing carefully for his English exam so that he could be sure of passing it
at his first ________.
A．purpose B．desire
C．attempt D．intention
7． I suggested the thief________into prison.
A．referred to being put
B．referred be put
C．referred to be put
D．referred should be put
8． The popular star________on TV.
A．is being often appeared
B．often appears
C．appeared to be seen
D．is often appeared
9． —________？
—Fine.I’ve ________ the life there and I’ve made some friends.
A．What are you；got used to
B．How are you doing；got used to
C．Are you getting on well；used to
D．How do you do；used to
10．Without proper lessons，you could ________ a lot of bad habits when playing the piano.
A．give up B．catch up
C．keep up D．pick up
Ⅴ.微写作(黑体部分用本单元词汇表达)
很明显英国英语和美国英语有很多共同之处，尽管有时他们互相听懂有些困难。作为学英语的学生，我对什么是标准英语感到困惑。多亏了我的英语老师我现在已经弄清楚并且在英语方面取得了很大进步。
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能力提升
完形填空
In English the __1__ of words does not always represent the sound.So people say/raIt/ __2__ spell it “right”，or “write”，or even “rite”．Combinations of letters (like “ough”) may be pronounced in __3__ ways.And some words just seem to have __4__ many letters.
For __5__，things are a little bit easier，thanks to the work of Noah Webster，__6__ teacher who graduated from Yale University in 1778.As a young man he had __7__ against the British in the American War of Independence，and he felt that __8__ English in the newly independent United States should have a distinctive “American” look.
So he began his __9__ on American English.His first book，the Elementary Spelling Book，__10__ simplifying the spelling of English words.The book was very popular.By the 1850s，it was __11__ one million copies a year，making __12__ one of the most popular school books ever.
__13__ of the suggestions were quickly used，__14__ “center” instead of “centre”，“program” instead of “programme”，and “flavor” __15__ “flavour”．Others，__16__，such as removing silent letters like the “s” in “island” or the final “e” in “examine”，were not.
Webster is best __17__ for his “An American Dictionary of the English Language”，__18__ first appeared in 1828.It introduced lots of new American words，with information about their pronunciation and __19__，and，of course，the new spelling.The British criticised the dictionary，but it quickly became a standard reference book in the States.Today，Webster’s dictionary is __20__ the most important dictionary for American students.
1． A．reading B．spelling
C．speaking D．writing
2． A．or B．and C．so D．but
3． A．a number of B．the number of
C．a little D．fewer
4． A．much B．too
C．even D．far
5． A．British B．Americans
C．Australians D．Asians
6． A．an B．the C．this D．a
7． A．leant B．prepared
C．fought D．blown
8． A．written B．spread
C．forgot D．noticed
9． A．work B．jobs
C．agreement D．discovery
10．A．followed B．asked
C．ordered D．suggested
11．A．selling B．buying
C．producing D．ending
12．A．him B．that
C．this D．it
13．A．One B．Much
C．Many D．Few
14．A．such as B．for example
C．etc. D．as
15．A．beside B．but
C．except D．instead of
16．A．therefore B．however
C．thus D．otherwise
17．A．thrown B．flown
C．grown D．known
18．A．which B．that C．it D．what
19．A．share B．use C．publish D．think
20．A．even B．already C．still D．yet
答案
基础落实
Ⅰ.1.add；present；simplify；criticise 2.announcement；attempt；reference 3.cute；distinctive；standard
Ⅱ.1.in favour of 2.refer to...as 3.thanks to
Ⅲ.1.have something in common 2.made a difference to 3.queue up 4.differ 5.led to 6.is similar to
7．have difficulty in putting 8.Owing to
Ⅳ.1.A 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．C 8．B 9．B 10．D
Ⅴ.参考范文
It is obvious that British English and American English have much in common though sometimes they have difficulty in understanding each other.As a student of English，I feel confused about what is standard English.Thanks to my English teacher，I have made it clear now and I have made great progress in English.
能力提升
1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．B 6．D 7．C 8．A 9．A 10．D 11．A 12．D 13．C 14．A 15．D 16．B 17．D 18．A 19．B 20．C
单元检测(一)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1． When does the lecture begin?
A．At 8∶17. B．At 8∶20. C．At 8∶03.
2． How long will the drawing class last?
A．For about two weeks.
B．For about three weeks.
C．For about a month.
3． What does the man mean?
A．He did as badly as Sally.
B．He did as badly as Bruce.
C．He forgot to take the exam.
4． How long will it take to go to Broadway Street?
A．8 minutes. B．80 minutes. C．18 minutes.
5． What did the president say at the meeting?
A．He wanted to carry out the plan himself.
B．He wanted to see the plan carried out well.
C．He wanted people to listen to him carefully at the meeting.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6． What are the two speakers talking about?
A．A picnic plan.
B．A coming exam.
C．A coming job interview.
7． How is the woman feeling now?
A．Fine. B．Responsible. C．Nervous.
听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。
8． What was the woman doing when the man called her?
A．Watching TV.
B．Going to attend a concert.
C．Waiting for her parents.
9． What will the weather be like tomorrow?
A．Sunny. B．Windy. C．Rainy.
10．When will the man and the woman meet tomorrow?
A．At 10∶30 a．m.
B．At 11∶30 a．m.
C．At 1∶00 p．m.
听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。
11．How long has the man been on a diet?
A．Three months.
B．Four months.
C．Two months.
12．What was the best advice the man got from his trainer?
A．To exercise more each day.
B．To exercise more but eat less each day.
C．To eat more times a day but eat less at each meal.
13．What does the woman think of the advice?
A．Interesting. B．Reasonable. C．Strange.
听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。
14．When did the woman’s grandmother pass away?
A．Yesterday.
B．Two days ago.
C．Three days ago.
15．Where did the woman’s grandmother pass away?
A．At home. B．In a hospital. C．On a trip.
16．What was the woman doing when her grandmother passed away?
A．Working. B．Sleeping. C．Traveling.
17．What does the man invite the woman to do?
A．To take a photo.
B．To have dinner.
C．To do some exercise.
听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。
18．How were white boys and black boys treated differently?
A．They couldn’t take the same bus.
B．They couldn’t go to the same school.
C．They couldn’t attend the same lecture.
19．Why was the black woman put into prison?
A．Because she killed a white person.
B．Because she looked down upon a white person.
C．Because she refused to give up her seat to a white passenger.
20．What was the 1963 March on Washington，D.C.organized for?
A．Jobs and civil rights.
B．Freedom and civil rights.
C．Jobs and freedom.
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21．Great discoveries________in space exploration since the last century.
A．was made B．made
C．has made D．have been made
22．—Why do you want to be a teacher?
—If I________a teacher，I can work with lovely kids.
A．become B．becomes
C．became D．will become
23．—What’s wrong with your radio?
—I don’t know.It________by my brother now.
A．has repaired B．is repaired
C．is being repaired D．is repairing
24．If their marketing plans succeed，they________their sales by 20 percent.
A．will increase B．have been increasing
C．have increased D．would be increasing
25．There were 252 votes ________ the bill and 186 against.
A．in need of B．in favour of
C．in search of D．in case of
26．Though British and American English have some differences in spelling and pronunciation，
they have much ________.
A．in all B．in place C．in general D．in common
27．I want to buy some books to ________ for the coming examination.
A．bring up B．refer to C．look for D．try on
28．All his friends’encouragement ________ his confidence in winning the game.
A．added up to B．added up
C．added to D．added
29．Rather than________on a crowded bus，he always prefers________a bicycle.
A．ride；ride B．riding；ride
C．ride；to ride D．to ride；riding
30．QQ，________you can chat with your friends，makes communication easy.
A．way B．which C．that D．where
31．That mistake________him his life.
A．spent B．cost C．took D．paid
32．They produced two reports，________of which contained any useful suggestions.
A．either B．all C．none D．neither
33．I had great difficulty________the suitable food on the menu in that restaurant.
A．find B．found C．to find D．finding
34．It was not until yesterday that I realized ________ silly mistakes I had made.
A．what B．that C．how D．which
35．People may have different opinions about Karen，but I admire her.________，she is a great
musician.
A．After all B．As a result
C．In other words D．As usual
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Body language is the quiet，secret and most powerful language of all！It speaks __36__ than words.According to specialists，our bodies send out more __37__ than we realize.In fact，non-verbal (非言语) communication takes up about 50% of what we really __38__.And body language is particularly __39__ when we attempt to communicate across cultures.Indeed，what is called body language is so __40__ a part of us that it’s actually often unnoticed.And misunderstandings occur as a result of it.__41__ different societies treat the __42__ between people differently.Northern Europeans usually do not like having __43__ contact (接触) even with friends，and certainly not with __44__.People from Latin American countries，__45__，touch each other quite a lot.Therefore，it’s possible that in __46__，it may look like a Latino is __47__ a Norwegian all over the room.The Latino，trying to express friendship，will keep moving __48__.The Norwegian，very probably seeing this as pushiness，will keep __49__—which the Latino will in return regard as __50__.
Clearly，a great deal is going on when people __51__.And only a part of it is in the words themselves.And when parties are from __52__ cultures，there’s a strong possibility of __53__.But whatever the situation，the best __54__ is to obey the Golden Rule：treat others as you would like to be __55__.(2012·新课标全国卷)
36．A.straighter B．louder
C．harder D．further
37．A.sounds B．invitations
C．feelings D．messages
38．A.hope B．receive C．discover D．mean
39．A.immediate B．misleading
C．important D．difficult
40．A.well B．far C．much D．long
41．A.For example B．Thus
C．However D．In short
42．A.trade B．distance
C．connections D．greetings
43．A.eye B．verbal C．bodily D．telephone
44．A.strangers B．relatives
C．neighbours D．enemies
45．A.in other words B．on the other hand
C．in a similar way D．by all means
46．A.trouble B．conversation
C．silence D．experiment
47．A.disturbing B．helping
C．guiding D．following
48．A.closer B．faster C．in D．away
49．A.stepping forward B．going on
C．backing away D．coming out
50．A.weakness B．carelessness
C．friendliness D．coldness
51．A.talk B．travel C．laugh D．think
52．A.different B．European C．Latino D．rich
53．A.curiosity B．excitement
C．misunderstanding D．nervousness
54．A.chance B．time C．result D．advice
55．A.noticed B．treated
C．respected D．pleased
第三部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Language learning begins with listening.Children are greatly different in the amount of listening they do before they start speaking，and later starters are often long listeners.Most children will “obey” spoken instructions some time before they can speak，though the word “obey” is hardly accurate as a description of the eager and delighted cooperation usually shown by the child.Before they can speak，many children will also ask questions by gesture and by making questioning noises.
Any attempt to study the development from the noises babies make to their first spoken words leads to considerable difficulties.It is agreed that they enjoy making noises，and that during the first few months one or two noises sort themselves as particularly expressive as delight，pain，friendliness，and so on.But since these can’t be said to show the baby’s intention to communicate，they can hardly be regarded as early forms of language.It is agreed，too，that from about three months they play with sounds for enjoyment，and that by six months they are able to add new words to their store.This self-imitation (模仿) leads on to deliberate (有意的) imitation of sounds made or words spoken to them by other people.The problem then arises as to the point at which one can say that these imitations can be considered as speech.
It is a problem we need to get our teeth into.The meaning of a word depends on what a particular person means by it in a particular situation and it is clear that what a child means by a word will change as he gains more experience of the world.Thus the use at seven months of “mama” as a greeting for his mother cannot be dismissed as a meaningless sound simply because he also uses it at other times for his father，his dog，or anything else he likes.Playful and meaningless imitation of what other people say continues after the child has begun to speak for himself，I doubt，however，whether anything is gained when parents take advantage of this ability in an attempt to teach new sounds.
56．Before children start speaking________.
A．they need equal amount of listening
B．they need different amounts of listening
C．they are all eager to cooperate with the adults by obeying spoken instructions
D．they can’t understand and obey the adult’s oral instructions
57．Children who start speaking late________.
A．may have problems with their listening
B．probably do not hear enough language spoken around them
C．usually pay close attention to what they hear
D．often take a long time in learning to listen properly
58．A baby’s first noises are________.
A．an expression of his moods and feelings
B．an early form of language
C．a sign that he means to tell you something
D．an imitation of the speech of adults
59．The speaker implies________.
A．parents can never hope to teach their children new sounds
B．children no longer imitate people after they begin to speak
C．children who are good at imitating learn new words more quickly
D．even after they have learnt to speak，children still enjoy imitating
B
I am a writer.I spend a great deal of my time thinking about the power of language—the way it can evoke(唤起)an emotion，a visual image，a complex idea，or a simple truth.Language is the tool of my trade.And I use them all—all the Englishes I grew up with.
Born into a Chinese family that had recently arrived in California，I’ve been giving more thought to the kind of English my mother speaks.Like others，I have described it to people as “broken” English.But I feel embarrassed to say that.It has always bothered me that I can think of no way to describe it other than “broken”，as if it were damaged and needed to be fixed，as if it lacked a certain wholeness.I’ve heard other terms used，“limited English，”for example.But they seem just as bad，as if everything is limited，including people’s perceptions (认识) of the limited English speaker.
I know this for a fact，because when I was growing up，my mother’s “limited” English limited my perception of her.I was ashamed of her English.I believed that her English reflected the quality of what she had to say.That is，because she expressed them imperfectly as if her thoughts were imperfect.And I had plenty of evidence to support me：the fact that people in department stores，at banks，and at restaurants did not take her seriously，did not give her good service，pretended not to understand her，or even acted as if they did not hear her.
I started writing fictions in 1985.And for reasons I won’t get into today，I began to write stories using all the Englishes I grew up with：the English she used with me，which for lack of a better term might be described as“broken”；and what I imagine to be her translation of her Chinese，her internal(内在的)language，and for that I sought to preserve the essence，but neither an English nor a Chinese structure.I wanted to catch what language ability tests can never show：her intention，her feelings，the rhythms of her speech and the nature of her thoughts.
60．The author used to think of her mother’s English as ________.
A．impolite B．amusing
C．imperfect D．practical
61．Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 3?
A．Americans do not understand broken English.
B．The author’s mother was not respected sometimes.
C．The author’s mother had positive influence on her.
D．Broken English always reflects imperfect thoughts.
62．The author gradually realizes her mother’s English is ________.
A．well structured B．in the old style
C．easy to translate D．rich in meaning
63．What is the passage mainly about?
A．The change of the author’s attitude to her mother’s English.
B．The limitation of the author’s perception of her mother.
C．The author’s misunderstanding of “limited” English.
D．The author’s experiences of using broken English.
C
I will always remember my mother’s last few days in this world.
On February 14th,2000，my class went on a field trip to the beach.I had so much fun.When we returned to school，my teacher told me to go to the headmaster’s office.When I entered the office，I saw a police officer.Suddenly I realized something was wrong.The police officer told me what had happened and we went to pick my sister up.After that，we went to the hospital and waited.Time went slowly.Finally，we got to see our mother.It was terrible.
On the next day，the headmaster came and told my two teachers what had happened.I was taking a rest that day.I knew it had something to do with my mother.I kept thinking that she either died or had gotten better.How I wished that she had gotten better.When my teacher took me outside，my sister ran up to me.She started crying，“She’s gone.Teresa，mommy’s gone.She’s dead.” I couldn’t believe it.We jumped into the car and drove straight to the hospital.Most of my families were there.The silence was terrible.I knew I had to say goodbye.
Today when I look back，I still miss my mother very much，but I know that I will live.My mother was a strong mother，who had the biggest heart in my eyes.My mother was an angel walking on the earth.I will always remember her as living.When someone is asked who their hero is，they usually say someone famous，like Michael Jordan or Britney Spears.When someone asks me who my hero is，I tell them，my mother.My mother lives every day.That is what makes her a true hero.
64．Where was the writer when she learned her mother was very ill?
A．On the beach. B．In the hospital.
C．At school. D．At home.
65．Who brought the writer the bad news that her mother was ill?
A．Her sister. B．The headmaster.
C．Her teacher. D．The police officer.
66．What did the headmaster tell the two teachers on the next day?
A．Her mother had been very ill.
B．Her mother had been dead.
C．Her mother had gotten better.
D．Her sister came to see her.
67．From the last paragraph of the passage we know that________.
A．the writer is afraid of her mother
B．the writer is proud of her mother
C．the writer feels sad about her mother
D．the writer feels sorry for her mother
D
Throughout history，people have been interested in knowing how language first began，but no one knows exactly where or how this happened.However，we do know a lot about languages，the languages of today and also the languages of earlier times.There are probably about three thousand languages in the world today.Chinese is the language with most speakers.English，Russian and Spanish are also spoken by many millions of people.On the other hand，some languages in the world have less than one hundred speakers.
There are several important families of languages in the world.For example，most of the languages of Europe are in one large family called Indo-European.The original language of this family was spoken about，4,500 years ago.Many of the present-day languages of Europe and India are modern forms of the language of 4,500 years ago.
Languages are always changing.The English of today is very different from the English of 500 years ago.In time，some even die out completely.About 1,000 years ago English was a little-known relative of German spoken on one of the borders of Europe.
If a language has a large number of speakers，or if it is very old，there may be differences in the way it is spoken in different areas.That is，the language may have several dialects.Chinese is a good example of dialect differences.Chinese has been spoken for thousands of years by many millions of speakers.The differences between the dialects of Chinese are so great that speakers of Chinese from some parts of China cannot understand speakers from other parts.
68．The first paragraph mainly tells us that________.
A．most people in the world speak Chinese
B．there are thousands of languages in today’s world
C．man has much knowledge about languages
D．some people know several languages
69．Most European and Indian languages________.
A．will soon die out completely
B．were once a relative of English
C．are no longer spoken
D．come from the same family
70．The underlined word “dialect” in the last paragraph means________.
A．a special language spoken by Chinese
B．the sign used by Chinese people in a special area
C．the difference between the old and today’s Chinese
D．the form of a language used in one part of the country
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to Do Well in Exams
Do not underestimate the power of revision in the days and hours before an examination.The closer you are to the exam，the more chance you have of storing and retaining crucial information.But do not overdo it.71.________ An effective daily routine can help you through an exam period，so in the days leading up to your first exam，get into the habit of being up and ready to work by game.It can be a shock to the system after months of working to your own timetable to be mentally alert at that time if you have not prepared for it.
On the day of the exam，have a good breakfast，pack two of everything you need (pens，pencils，erasers，etc.)，then make your way to the examination hall in good time.72.________
Once in your seat，simply pause for a few seconds and collect your thoughts.Close your eyes and take in a few slow，deep breathes to help you relax.When you turn over the test paper，spend a short period reading through all the instructions and questions，paying particular attention to key verbs such as “discuss”，“compare” and “evaluate”.73.________ It is wise always to allow for 10 minutes at the end of the exam to give yourself time to go back over your answers.Once you have selected the questions you wish to tackle，begin by attempting the one you think is your strongest.It will give you more confidence when you see a well-answered question down on the paper.Also remember to write clearly，and do not be afraid to express the unexpected：after all，examiners can get very bored marking stereotypical answers.
74．________ If you do need something else to focus on to help collect your thoughts，choose a fixture in the room，such as the ceiling or anything else that will not allow you to be distracted.
Finally，once you have finished，never hang around outside afterwards to attend the discussion by other students.75.________
A．Do not arrive too early，though，as other people’s anxiety can be infectious，and you may
suffer from unnecessary panic.
B．Try not to be tempted to look at those around you，or at the clock.
C．When you get home，read the examination paper through and look up all the words you
didn’t understand.
D．Sleep，exercise and relaxation are all just as important.
E．Map out a quick plan of points you wish to make and how much time you should spend on each
question.
F．Go and have a well-earned rest，then prepare for your next exam.
G．Underestimate the test in your mind.
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的一篇作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
You can guess the meanings of unfamiliar and important words in a reading passage by using a following strategies.Think about how the new word was related to the topic of that you are reading about.Identify which part of speech the new word is with looking at how it fits with the another words in its sentence.Look at how the word relates to the rest of the informations in the paragraph surrounded it.Use of your knowledge of prefixes，suffixes，and word roots identify the basic meaning of the word.
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
假如你是李华，你表哥Robert在美国留学，给你发来信息，说他新开通了微博(microblog)并邀请你加入。请给他回复一封电子邮件，说你同意加入并要求他在微博上为你提供以下内容：
1．定期介绍美国的风土人情；
2．多介绍一下他在美国的留学情况，因为你也有留学的打算；
3．多上传一些好的照片或视频。
注意：1．词数100左右；
2．开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Robert，
I’m glad to receive your massage.____________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours，
Li Hua
答案
1．B 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.B 6.C 7.C 8.A 9.A 10．B 11.B 12.C 13.B 14.C 15.B 16.C 17.B 18.B 19.C 20.A 21．D 22．A 23．C 24．A 25．B 26．D 27．B 28．C 29．C 30．D 31．B 32．D 33．D 34．A 35．A 36．B 37．D 38．D 39．C 40．C 41．A 42．B 43．C 44．A 45．B 46．B 47．D 48．A 49．C 50．D 51．A 52．A 53．C 54．D 55．B 56．B 57．D 58．A 59．D 60．C 61．B 62．D 63．A 64．C 65．D 66．B 67．B 68．C 69．D 70．D 71．D 72.A 73.E 74.B 75.F
You can guess the meanings of unfamiliar important words in a reading passage by using following strategies.Think about how the new word related to the topic of you are reading about.Identify which part of speech the new word is looking at how it fits with the words in its sentence.Look at how the word relates to the rest of the in the paragraph it.Use of your knowledge of prefixes，suffixes，and word roots identify the basic meaning of the word.
参考范文
Dear_Robert，
I’m_glad_to_receive_your_massage.Thank you for inviting me to join in your microblog，which will keep me informed of how the world is going on and provide a chance for me to release my inner stress and express my ideas.
Since I am not familiar with America，I hope you can help me do the following things through the microblog.First，give me a brief introduction to the local culture，especially the American customs.Second，tell me about your study and what you do in your spare time.To tell the truth，I also hope to study abroad after senior middle school.What’s more，I’m interested in your life abroad，so I’d appreciate it if you could upload some photos or videos.
I am looking forward to your latest information in your microblog.
Yours，
Li_Hua
