Unit 4 Astronomy：the science of the stars
Period One Warming Up & Reading (Ⅰ)
基础落实
Ⅰ.课文理解
1．Why was the earth different from other planets?
A．Because it produced a lot of heat.
B．Because the water remained.
C．Because the water disappeared.
D．Because it was the oldest planet.
2．Why was life able to develop on the earth but not on other planets?
A．Because the earth had a solid shape.
B．Because the earth did not have harmful gases in its atmosphere.
C．Because the water stayed on the earth but not on other planets.
D．Because the earth was neither too hot nor too cold.
3．Why was it necessary for plants to grow before animals?
A．Because animals needed plants to protect them from the sun.
B．Because plants provided oxygen for animals to breathe.
C．Because animals could hide from hunters in the forest.
D．Because it was easier for plants to grow.
4．It can be inferred from the text that ________.
A．after a “Big Bang”，what the dust was to become remained a mystery
B．plants appeared before the animals
C．plants multiplied and filled the oceans with oxygen
D．plants played an important part in the appearance of the animals
5．What is the main idea of the text?
A．The formation of the earth.
B．The arrival of humans and their impact on the earth.
C．The development of plants and animals on the earth.
D．The origin of life on the earth.
Ⅱ.课文缩写
The earth was just a cloud of energetic dust after the “Big Bang”．Then the dust 1.________ into a solid globe moving around the sun.The earth 2.________ loudly with fire and rock，to be 3.________ to produce many things，which made the earth’s atmosphere.Water stayed on the earth and people think it is important for the beginning of life.It allowed the earth to dissolve 4.________ gases.Then life began to develop.
Plants were the start of changes.They 5.________ and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.This encouraged the 6.________ of early shellfish and fish.Land animals such as insects，reptiles and dinosaurs and so on appeared after the first green plants appeared.Small clever animals 7.________ all over the earth.But they are not 8.________________ the earth very well.Too much carbon dioxide is put into the atmosphere，which 9.________ heat from escaping from the earth into space.Whether life will continue 10.________________ whether this problem can be solved.
Ⅲ.用适当的介、副词填空
1．However，according ________ a widely accepted theory，the universe began ________ a “Big Bang” that threw matter ________ all directions.
2．It exploded ________ with fire and rock.
3．What is even more important is that as the earth cooled ________，water began to appear ________ its surface.
4．Water had also appeared on other planets ________ Mars but，________ the earth，it had disappeared later.
5．They were followed ________ time ________ land animals.
6．Later when the plants grew ________ forests，reptiles appeared ________ the first time.
7．These animals were different ________ all life forms ________ the past，because they gave birth ________ young baby animals and produced milk to feed them.
8．Thus they have，________ their turn，become the most important animals ________ the planet.
9．They are putting too much carbon dioxide ________ the atmosphere，which prevents heat ________ escaping from the earth ________ space.
10．As a result ________ this，many scientists believe the earth may become too hot to live ________.
Ⅳ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1．________(like) most people in the office who come to work by car，I usually come to work by bus.
2．If vocabulary is the “building materials” for language，sentences are the “________(fundament) parts” of writings.
3．I consider that it is ________(harm) for students to play computer games，though some of them don’t think so.
4．It’s surprising that a three-year-old boy knows that four ________(multiply) by four is sixteen.
5．There was a ________(puzzle) look on her face because a ________(puzzle) problem ________(puzzle) the little girl.
6．The ship rocked ________(violent) from side to side，causing many passengers to feel seasick.
Ⅴ.完成句子
1．No one knows exactly ________________________________，as it happened so long ago.
没有人确切知道地球是怎样形成的，因为在很早以前它就形成了。
2．The earth became so violent that ________________________________ the shape would last or not.
地球变得激烈动荡，不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。
3．It was not immediately obvious that water ________________________ the development of life.
水对生命的发展会起关键作用，这一点在当时并不明显。
4．________________________________ is that the continued presence of water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases and acids into the oceans and seas.
很多科学家相信，由于地球上长期有水存在，使地球得以把有害气体和酸性物质溶解在海洋里。
5．They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere，__________________________ the earth into space.
他们把过多的二氧化碳释放到大气层中，这使得地球上的热不能释放到太空中去。
6．So whether life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on ________________________________.
所以，在未来的数百万年中，生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
能力提升
阅读理解
Edmund Halley was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago.He studied the observations of comets(彗星) which other scientists had made.The orbit of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem.He could not figure it out.Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However，Halley had a friend named Isaac Newton，who was a brilliant mathematician.Newton thought he had already worked out that problem，but he could not find the papers on which he had done it.He told Halley that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse(椭圆形)．
Now Halley set to work.He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists.He made a surprising discovery.The comets that had appeared in the years 1531,1607，and 1682 all had the same orbit.Yet their appearance had been 75 to 76 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Halley.Three different comets followed the same orbit.The more Halley thought about it，the more he thought that there had not been three different comets as people thought.He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times.The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Halley felt certain enough to make a prediction(预言) of what would happen in the future.He decided that this would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley’s prediction could be tested.In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky.Halley did not see it，for he had died some years before.Ever since then that comet had been called Halley’s comet，in his honor.
1．Edmund Halley figured out the orbit of ________.
A．some different comets appearing several times
B．the same comet appearing at different times
C．three different comets appearing at the same time
D．several comets appearing at the same time
2．Halley made his discovery ________.
A．by doing experiments
B．by means of his own careful observation
C．by using the working of other scientists
D．by chance
3．Halley made a surprising，but correct prediction in the year ________.
A．1704 B．1705
C．1706 D．1707
4．This passage in general is about ________.
A．Halley and other scientists
B．the orbit of a comet
C．Newton and Halley
D．Halley and his discovery
答案
基础落实
Ⅰ.1.B 2.C 3.B 4.D 5.D
Ⅱ.1.settled 2.exploded 3.in time 4.harmful 5.multiplied 6.development 7.spread 8.looking after 9．prevents 10.depends on
Ⅲ.1.to；with；in 2.loudly 3.down；on 4.like；unlike 5.in；by 6.into；for 7.from；in；to 8.in；on 9.into；from；into 10.of；on
Ⅳ.1.Unlike 2.fundamental 3.harmful 4.multiplied 5.puzzled；puzzling；puzzled 6.violently
Ⅴ.1.how the earth began 2.it was not clear whether 3．was to be fundamental to 4.What many scientists believe 5.which prevents heat from escaping from 6．whether this problem can be solved
能力提升
1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D
Period One Warming Up & Reading (Ⅱ)
基础落实
Ⅰ.单词检测
1．v.________乘；增加；________存在；生存；________(使)迷惑；(使)为难
2．n.________天文学；________系统；________宗教；________理论；学说；________原子；________万亿；十亿；________球体；地球仪；________碳；________大气层；气氛；________链子；连锁；________氧
3．adj.________猛烈的，激烈的；________基本的；基础的；________有害的
Ⅱ.短语检测
1．及时；终于 ________________
2．下蛋 ________________
3．产生；分娩 ________________
4．轮到某人；接着 ________________
5．阻止，制止 ________________
Ⅲ.选词填空
1．The warm weather here permits the birds to ________________ all year round.
2．It took Charles a long time to ________________ after the argument.
3．Honesty ________________ human beings.
4．We students clean the classroom every day ________________.
5．Work hard at your lessons，and you are sure to make progress ________________.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1．The black hens can ________________________，but the white hens can’t _______________.
黑母鸡会下白蛋，但白母鸡不会下黑蛋。
2．Many women plan to ________________________ next year.
很多妇女打算明年生宝宝。
3．Would you please tell me _______________________________________________ happening?
请你告诉我怎样防止这种事情发生好吗？
4．He gave me money ________________________.
他除了给我建议外，还给我钱。
5．He ________________________________ this letter.
他不知该如何回这封信。
Ⅴ.句型转换
1．They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen.
They multiplied and the oceans and seas ________ ________ ________ oxygen.
2．Others，called amphibians，were able to live on land as well as in the water.
Others，________ ________ called amphibians，were able to live on land as well as in the water.
3．Not only he but also his classmates have been to Shanghai.
He ________ ________ ________ his classmates ________ been to Shanghai.
4．It depends on the weather whether we’ll go camping tomorrow.
________ we’ll go camping tomorrow ________________ the weather.
5．What is known to us all is that he is not honest and often tells lies.
________ ________ ________ ________ us all that he is not honest and often tells lies.
Ⅵ.单项填空
1．The villagers were often in ________ fights with each other in those years before the agreement was reached.
A．interesting B．peaceful
C．violent D．spiritual
2．Freezing winter is harmful ________ orange trees.
A．for B．to
C．of D．at
3．She started as an office junior，and ________ became the director of the whole company.
A．in surprise B．in return
C．in turn D．in time
4．We suggested that they provide an effective warming system ________ many of the disasters ________.
A．keep；happening
B．to prevent；from happening
C．stop；from being happened
D．to prevent；from being happened
5．The custom of arranged marriages still ________ in many countries.
A．appears B．lays
C．lives D．exists
6．She felt ________ about her future.
A．puzzle B．puzzling
C．puzzled D．puzzles
7．The camera isn’t ________.It still ________ where I ________ it a month ago.
A．missed；lies；lay B．missing；lies；laid
C．gone；lays；laid D．lost；lays；laid
8．In such dry weather，the flowers will have to be watered if they ________.
A．have survived B．are to survive
C．would survive D．will survive
9．The deer ________ rapidly when the animals，harmful to them，disappeared.
A．multiplied B．produced
C．laid D．developed
10．In the years ________，Marx kept on using English until he could write The French Civil War freely.
A．coming B．to come
C．came D．came up
能力提升
阅读理解
Copernicus was born in Torun，Poland，on February 19,1473.Little is known about his early life except that his father died when he was 10.An uncle adopted him，his two sisters，and his brother.The uncle saw to it that the two boys received a good education.Copernicus went to the University of Cracow.There he studied such subjects as Latin，mathematics，and astronomy.It was probably at that time that he changed his Polish name，Niklas Koppernigk，to the Latin form of Nicolaus Copernicus.In 1496 Copernicus went to Italy，where he spent the next 10 years studying at various universities.
In Copernicus’ time people still believed that all things—the sun，the stars，and the planets—moved around the earth.It was an old belief that few men had ever questioned.Aristotle had based his theory of astronomy on this belief.Because the Church had long been the center of learning，the theory was also linked to religious beliefs.
In 1506 Copernicus returned to his homeland.A few years later he began to work for the Church.All those years Copernicus carried on his work in astronomy.He had just the most basic equipment and，like other scientists of his day，made observations with only his eyes.Still，using mathematics and logic(逻辑)，Copernicus worked out a different theory，which held that the planets went around the sun.
Copernicus did not announce his ideas.He did not want to make trouble.But he could not hide the scientific truth.So he talked about his theory with his friends，who strongly advised him to have his work published.His great book，On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Bodies，appeared at the very end of his life.Copernicus saw the first copy on the day he died，May 24,1543.
1．Which of the following is TRUE about Copernicus?
A．He had two brothers and a sister.
B．He used to be called Niklas Koppernigk.
C．He lost his father soon after he was born.
D．He spent 10 years at the University of Cracow.
2．From the passage we can see that “astronomy” is ________.
A．the life experience of great men
B．the movement of the stars and the planets
C．the scientific study of natural objects in space
D．the theories developed by scientists of old times
3．Copernicus developed his theory ________.
A．using various telescopes
B．based on Aristotle’s beliefs
C．through observations and reasoning(推理)
D．under the encouragement of his friends
4．The writer of the passage tells us that ________.
A．Copernicus did not tell about his discovery until the day of his death
B．for many years Copernicus dared to do nothing openly against the Church
C．pushed by his friends Copernicus decided to write a book in May 1543
D．shortly before he got back to Poland Copernicus started to work for the Church
答案
基础落实
Ⅰ.1.multiply；exist；puzzle 2.astronomy；system；religion；theory；atom；billion；globe；carbon；atmosphere；chain；oxygen 3.violent；fundamental；harmful
Ⅱ.1.in time 2.lay eggs 3.give birth to 4.in one’s turn 5．prevent...from
Ⅲ.1.lay eggs 2.cool down 3.is fundamental to 4.in our turn 5.in time
Ⅳ.1.lay white eggs；lay black ones 2.give birth to babies 3．how to prevent this kind of thing from 4.as well as advice 5.was puzzled how to answer
Ⅴ.1.were；filled；with 2.which；were 3.as；well；as；has 4．Whether；depends；on 5.It；is；known；to
Ⅵ.1.C 2．B 3．D 4．B 5．D 6．C 7．B 8．B 9．A 10．B
能力提升
1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B
Period Three Grammar
基础落实
Ⅰ.用适当的连接词填空
1．They lost their way in the forest and ________ made matters worst was ________ night began to fall.
2．It is said ________ Peter will have a chance to travel abroad next month.
3．________ Yang Liwei ate his food in space is ________ we want to know.
4．________ there’ll be any seats left is doubtful.
5．________ of you comes in will be given a prize.
6．________ he didn’t come yesterday is unknown.
7．________ cars will be parked in the future is a question.
8．________ will be sent to help them is very important.
9．It’s no surprise ________ our team should have won the game.
10．It doesn’t interest me ________ you succeed or not.
Ⅱ.完成句子
1．________________________________________________(杨利伟安全着陆地球) from space made all Chinese excited and cheerful.
2．It is still unknown ________________________________________________________(杨利伟是否将再次被送到太空去)．
3．______________________________________(宇航员如何吃饭睡觉和行走) in space is very strange and interesting.
4．________________________________________________________________________________(为什么张教授昨天缺席会议) remains a secret.
5．It is unknown to us all ________________________(生命起源于何处)．
6．__________________________(我们所需要的) is water.
7．________________________(他住哪儿) is not clear.
8．________________________(似乎) Alice is not coming to the party at all.
Ⅲ.单项填空
1．It doesn’t matter________you turn right or left at the crossing—both roads lead to the park.
A．whether B．how
C．if D．when
2．________I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents.(2013·天津，15)
A．That B．Which
C．Whether D．What
3．________ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A．Who B．The one
C．Anyone D．Whoever
4．It is obvious to the students ________ they should get well prepared for their future.
A．as B．which C．whether D．that
5．________ is a fact that Chinese is being accepted by more and more foreigners.
A．There B．This
C．That D．It
6．It has been proved ________ eating vegetables in childhood helps to protect you against serious illnesses in later life.
A．if B．because
C．when D．that
7．________ is unknown to us all，so we have to ring her up.
A．Where did she put it
B．Where she put it
C．That where she put it
D．In which she put it
8．________ Jack looked so excited is not clear.
A．That B．Where
C．When D．Why
9．________ they’ll go to the Summer Palace ________ the weather.
A．If；depends on
B．Whether；depends upon
C．Whether；depended on
D．If；depended upon
10．________ we shall attend the meeting hasn’t been decided yet.
A．Whether B．If
C．What D．That
11．________ he referred to in his article was unknown to the general reader.
A．That B．What
C．Whether D．Where
12．________ matters most in learning English is enough practice.
A．What B．Why
C．It D．That
13．________ more and more students show little interest in her classes makes her puzzled.
A．How B．Why
C．What D．Whether
14．It remains a problem ________ we can collect enough money for the project.
A．why B．how
C．that D．what
15．The Foreign Minister said，“________ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”
A．This is B．There is
C．That is D．It is
能力提升
Ⅰ.阅读填空
Long ago，people believed that in the future we would work less，have more free time and get more relaxed.1.________
Today we work harder，work longer hours and have more stresses than ten years ago.We walk faster，eat faster and sleep less than previous generations.And although we use machines that save us time，we have less free time than our parents and grandparents.2.________ An American journalist James Gleick in a new book，says that people are suffering from “hurry sickness”—we’re trying to do more things in less time.As a result，our lives are stressful.He says that if we don’t slow down，we won’t live as long as our parents.3.________
Newspaper articles today are shorter and the headlines are bigger.Most people don’t have enough time to read the articles，they only read the headlines.On TV and the radio，newsreaders speak more quickly than ten years ago.In the USA，there is a book called One-Minute Bedtime Stories for children.These are shorter versions(版本) of traditional stories，specially written for “busy parents” who want to save time！Some answerphones now have “quick playback” buttons so that we can replay people’s messages faster—we can’t waste time listening to people speaking at the normal speed!
4．________ Ten years ago when people went to art galleries they spent ten seconds looking at each picture.Today they spend just three seconds！Nowadays，many people prefer faster and dynamic sports like basketball.
5．________ Our cars are faster but the traffic is worse，so we drive more slowly.We spend more time sitting in our cars，feeling stressed.Experts predict that in ten years the average speed on the road in cities will be only 17 km/h.
A．People didn’t feel stressed ten years ago.
B．But unluckily，this has not happened yet.
C．Even when we relax，we do everything more quickly.
D．But what is this doing to our health?
E．For most people，faster doesn’t mean better.
F．The only thing that is slower than before is the way we drive.
G．Now everything is faster than before，which brings us more convenience.
Ⅱ.短文改错
We senior school students do have some growing pains.Take some of my classmate for example，they often feel upset because the expectations from parents，endless homework and the pressure of exams.These serious affect their physical and mental well-being.Therefore，I think about it quite necessary to take measures to relieve the pains.First，that is a good idea to have heart-to-heart talks with our parents，tell them we won’t disappoint them.Meanwhile，it’s advisable to spare sonic time to take some exercise beside our devotion to the studies so that we will always feel relaxing and energetic.As long as we were fully prepared，we are sure to achieve great success in my academic performance.
答案
基础落实
Ⅰ.1.what；that 2.that 3.How；what 4.Whether 5．Whichever 6.Why 7.Where 8.Who 9.that 10．whether
Ⅱ.1.That Yang Liwei landed on the earth safe 2.whether Yang Liwei will be sent into space once again 3.How astronauts eat，sleep and walk 4.Why Professor Zhang was not present at the meeting yesterday 5.where life developed 6.What we need 7.Where he lives 8.It seems that
Ⅲ.1.A 2．D 3．D 4．D 5．D 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．A 11．B 12．A 13．B 14．B 15．D
能力提升
Ⅰ.1.B 2.D 3.E 4.C 5.F
Ⅱ.
We senior school students do have some growing pains.Take some of my for example，they often feel upset because the expectations from parents，endless homework and the pressure of exams.These affect their physical and mental well-being.Therefore，I think about it quite necessary to take measures to relieve the pains.First， is a good idea to have heart-to-heart talks with our parents， them we won’t disappoint them.Meanwhile，it’s advisable to spare sonic time to take some exercise our devotion to the studies so that we will always feel and energetic.As long as we fully prepared，we are sure to achieve great success in academic performance.
Period Two Integrating Skills
基础落实
Ⅰ.课文理解
1．The passage is mainly about ________.
A．an introduction of the moon
B．the gravity that I felt on my way to the moon
C．my visit to the moon
D．my friend Li Yanping，an astronomer
2．When we were going up，we felt ________.
A．we were pressed against our seats
B．we were heavier than we were on the earth
C．as if we were flying
D．the rocket was shaking strongly
3．When or where did the author feel strongest of the gravity of the earth?
A．On the moon.
B．On the half way to the moon.
C．At the very beginning.
D．On their leaving from the moon.
4．Why was the spaceship not falling back to the earth?
A．Because it was too far from the earth to feel its pull.
B．Because it was too big.
C．Because it was far from the moon.
D．Not mentioned in the text.
5．What causes the author to feel that he becomes weightless on the moon?
A．Spaceship.
B．Gravity.
C．His friend.
D．Good feelings of the author.
Ⅱ.单词检测
1．v.________碰撞；坠落；________拉；拖；________(使)浮动；(使)漂浮
2．n.________生物学；________生物学家；________重力；________人造卫星；________物理学家；________气候；________宇宙飞船
3．adj.________温和的；文雅的
Ⅲ.短语检测
1．挡住(光线) ________________
2．感到高兴；感到振奋 ________________
3．既然 ________________
4．熟悉；掌握；理解 ________________
5．突发；爆发 ________________
6．密切注意；当心；提防 ________________
Ⅳ.选词填空
1．________________ you are grown-up，you should not rely on your parents anymore.
2．The hunter fired and a deer ________________ on its side.
3．It appears ________________ it is going to cheer up.
4．We walked ________________ to the river bank and felt exhausted.
5．The heavy smoke prevented the firefighters from ________________ the building to rescue the people who were trapped in fire.
6．________________，Mary.Don’t stand by.Let’s dance together.
Ⅴ.单项填空
1．________ you’ve got a chance，you might as well make full use of it.
A．Now that B．After
C．Although D．As soon as
2．Students should find more time to get ________ nature，which can encourage the creativity.
A．close to B．next to
C．known to D．familiar to
3．Watch ________ for the dog outside the shop.
A．on B．over
C．at D．out
4．Once fighting ________ between the two villages and many people were killed.
A．was broken out
B．had broken out
C．broke out
D．had been broken out
5．He ________ at once when I promised to help him.
A．cheered up B．gave up
C．made up D．turned up
6．The sun was so bright that he drew the curtain to ________ the sunshine.
A．block in B．block off
C．block up D．block out
7．How is the ________ in your hometown in spring?
A．weather B．climate
C．custom D．moisture
8．The cinema she used to go had been ________ and a new school was set up.
A．pulled off B．pulled out
C．pulled up D．pulled down
9．—How do you like your new job?
—I find a full day’s teaching ________.I am ______.
A．exhausted；exhausting
B．exhausting；exhausted
C．exhausted；exhausted
D．exhausting；exhausting
10．—What does the model plane look like?
—Well，the wings of the plane are ________ of its body.
A．more than the length twice
B．twice more than the length
C．more than twice the length
D．more twice than the length
Ⅵ.微写作
写作素材
1．恐龙在地球上存活了好多年。
2．他们生下小恐龙，温暖的气候使他们迅速繁殖。
3．可惜，他们未能制止自己的消失。
4．此后人类就开始统治这个地球。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
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能力提升
完形填空
As a husband who remains Chinese，I enjoy eating Chinese food and in particular cooking Chinese food.__1__，my wife，good at French cooking and furthermore good to __2__ a high standard of hygiene(卫生) in our house，dismissed my efforts as a Chinese __3__.
One day，however，the laid-off cook，could not __4__ asking her to make room for him，“My darling，today，I really want to prepare some __5__ food.Could you please lend me the __6__？”“No problem，but don’t make too much dirt.” My wife，used to cooking in pure water，was excited，__7__a little bit worried.I shut the door and，as a cook，began to play __8__ and loudly with the cooking tools and dance around the stove.The menu was __9__ one week earlier.Soon，the strong smell of Sichuan dishes spread all over the house and I __10__ with the first course.“Come on，Darling！” I proudly __11__.
My lovely wife came into the dining room.“What’s this？” she asked doubtfully，__12__ at the black egg on the plate.“This is a Chinese dish，Songhuadan.In Europe it is __13__ called the egg of one hundred years.It is really delicious.__14__ it.” Seeing her hesitating，I brought a piece of Songhuadan up to her mouth.“__15__！Why is it so smelly？” she cried，nearly throwing it up.“My darling，it is delicious！__16__ do you find it horrible？” I was __17__.Seeing dark clouds cover her face，I immediately used the __18__ panacea(万能药) “I love you”．The clouds __19__ and her face was brightened again by sunshine.However，she determinedly __20__ to risk a further bite.
1．A.Therefore B．However
C．Moreover D．Still
2．A.live B．like
C．want D．keep
3．A.worker B．cook
C．husband D．person
4．A.permit B．wait
C．help D．remain
5．A.French B．Chinese
C．European D．Sichuan
6．A.kitchen B．house
C．room D．stove
7．A.so B．and
C．for D．but
8．A.carelessly B．happily
C．smoothly D．nervously
9．A.asked B．studied
C．fixed D．needed
10．A.appeared B．came
C．went D．hurried
11．A.called on B．called up
C．called out D．called in
12．A.staring B．looking
C．glancing D．pointing
13．A.too B．also
C．even D．ever
14．A.Taste B．Like
C．Smell D．Watch
15．A.Wonderful B．Delicious
C．Surprising D．Horrible
16．A.When B．Why
C．Where D．How
17．A.defeated B．hurt
C．puzzled D．inspired
18．A.special B．usual
C．common D．ordinary
19．A.disappeared B．froze
C．flew D．gathered
20．A.tried B．decided
C．refused D．denied
答案
基础落实
Ⅰ.1.C 2.A 3.C 4.A 5.B
Ⅱ.1.crash；pull；float 2.biology；biologist；gravity；satellite；physicist；climate；spaceship 3.gentle
Ⅲ.1.block out 2.cheer up 3.now that 4.get the hang of 5.break out 6.watch out for
Ⅳ.1.Now that 2.fell over 3.as if 4.as far as 5.getting close to 6.Come on
Ⅴ.1.A 2．A 3．D 4．C 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．D 9．B 10．C
Ⅵ.
Dinosaurs existed on the earth for a long time.They gave birth to young babies and the warm climate helped them multiply quickly.Sadly, they couldn’t prevent themselves from disappearing and then it was the turn of the humans to control the earth.
能力提升
1．B 2．D 3．B 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．D 8．B 9．C 10．A 11．C 12．D 13．B 14．A 15．D 16．B 17．C 18．B 19．A 20．C
单元检测(四)
第Ⅰ卷
第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分)
第一节(共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1．When does the speakers’ flight probably take off?
A．At 2∶20 pm.
B．At 2∶30 pm.
C．At 2∶45 pm.
2．What does the man probably do?
A．A weather reporter.
B．A traveler.
C．A farmer.
3．What are the speakers doing?
A．Talking business.
B．Taking a trip.
C．Making a work plan.
4．What does the woman plan to do?
A．Start to work.
B．Begin to exercise.
C．Work out a plan.
5．Where does the conversation probably take place?
A．In the street.
B．At the school.
C．At the airport.
第二节(共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6．Where are the speakers now?
A．In Haikou.
B．In Las Vegas.
C．In Miami.
7．What is the woman going to do in her vacation?
A．See flower shows.
B．Watch the fashion shows.
C．Go to a cold climate.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8．Whom does the woman buy a T-shirt for?
A．Herself.
B．Her husband.
C．Her son.
9．How much will the woman pay for the T-shirt?
A．$25.00. B．$20.00. C．$15.00.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10．Why did the boy make the call just now?
A．To make an appointment.
B．To cancel an appointment.
C．To make an apology.
11．How many calls did the boy make?
A．2. B．3. C．4.
12．What time is it now?
A．12∶30. B．1∶00. C．1∶30.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13．How did the man know about the house to be rented?
A．He read today’s newspaper.
B．He saw a sign.
C．He asked his friend.
14．Why does the woman want to rent the house?
A．She feels it is so quiet.
B．Her husband and children died.
C．Her child needs a roomer.
15．Which of the following is free of charge?
A．Cooking meals.
B．Washing clothes.
C．Electricity and gas.
16．What is the man’s nationality most probably?
A．Canadian. B．Chinese. C．American.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17．What is the speaker doing these days?
A．Travelling in Sweden.
B．Visiting China.
C．Studying in China.
18．Where did the speaker lose his case probably?
A．On the hill.
B．At the store.
C．In the taxi.
19．What do we know about Wang Mingsheng?
A．He is a senior 2 student.
B．He came to the hotel alone.
C．He came to the hotel at 8 pm.
20．Who does the speaker write the letter to?
A．The headmaster.
B．The hotel manager.
C．The newspaper’s editor.
第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节 单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
21．The harm the modern farming methods have done ________ the countryside is considerable.
A．on B．to
C．at D．for
22．Completely lost in the exciting ________ of the football match，Tom didn’t feel his pocket picked.
A．scene B．view
C．atmosphere D．sight
23．Don’t talk about such a thing in the ________ of young children.
A．appearance B．surface
C．existence D．presence
24．We can’t continue to pretend that the problem of homelessness doesn’t ________ in our city.
A．exist B．live
C．be D．survive
25．The sudden fall in the value of the dollar________financial experts.
A．puzzling B．has puzzled
C．puzzled out D．puzzles about
26．My idea is different ________ yours，that is to say，I don’t allow ________ here.
A．from；smoking B．in；smoking
C．of；to smoke D．from；to smoke
27．Whenever she is sad，her parents can always ______.
A．bring her up B．cheer her up
C．give her up D．come on
28．The police often warn us to ________ the thieves in our neighborhood.
A．find out B．look out
C．point out D．watch out for
29．—Why does Mr.Black look so sad this morning?
—I hear that a fire ________ in his house and lots of valuable things were burned last night.
A．broke into B．broke up
C．broke down D．broke out
30．I intended to catch the early train，but I didn’t get up ________.
A．at a time B．at one time
C．in time D．in no time
31．I’m planning to hold a party in the open air，but I can make no guarantees because it ______ the weather.
A．links with B．depends on
C．connects to D．decides on
32．________ you are here，I suggest that you devote yourself entirely to your studies.
A．Now that B．Since that
C．Even if D．As if
33．He didn’t make ________ clear when and where the meeting would be held.
A．this B．that
C．it D．these
34．________ he will offer us enough help doesn’t matter a lot to our success.
A．If B．Whether
C．Before D．How
35．Ten years ago，the population of our village was ________ that of theirs.
A．as twice large as B．twice as large as
C．twice as much as D．as twice much as
第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During a recent holiday I visited Dusseldorf，a city in the former West Germany.The nine-day trip left a deep impression __36__ me.I arrived at Dusseldorf airport at 7 pm.It was already __37__ outside.The first thing I needed to do was to find a place to __38__.I decided to telephone the youth hotel.But to use the phone I needed some __39__.I asked a lady for help.To my __40__ she gave me three coins to use.But all the phones in the __41__ needed phone cards.And phone cards could only be bought at post offices during the __42__.I was __43__ I would not be able to call the hotel.An old gentleman helped me.He couldn’t speak English __44__ understand that I needed to __45__ a phone call.He showed me where the phone was and inserted __46__ phone card.I called the youth hotel and found a place to stay that night.
The __47__ of the German people made me feel that I was not __48__，and my first day in Germany wasn’t as __49__ as I expected.Whenever I went，I asked people for __50__.It surprised me that __51__ every young German could speak English fluently.Older Germans couldn’t speak English very well，but they would try to help me __52__ they could.One middle-aged man I asked for direction even __53__ me to the place I was looking for.
My __54__ in Germany totally changed my impression of Germans.Now I think the people couldn’t be more __55__.
36．A.on B．for
C．to D．about
37．A.late B．dark
C．light D．early
38．A.visit B．eat
C．stay D．keep
39．A.cards B．information
C．money D．coins
40．A.joy B．disappointment
C．emotion D．surprise
41．A.hotel B．airport
C．city D．pavement
42．A.night B．daytime
C．trip D．rush-hour
43．A.afraid B．sure
C．glad D．eager
44．A.or B．but
C．and D．so
45．A.make B．have
C．do D．answer
46．A.another B．a
C．my D．his
47．A.use B．success
C．care D．kindness
48．A.really B．nearly out of
C．far away D．close to
49．A.interesting B．good
C．bad D．busy
50．A.direction B．distance
C．travel D．serve
51．A.almost B．even
C．only D．already
52．A.whenever B．whatever
C．wherever D．however
53．A.came B．reached
C．moved D．drove
54．A.experience B．victory
C．visit D．memory
55．A.friendly B．unfriendly
C．cold-hearted D．valuable
第三部分 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
Astronauts aboard the space station celebrated a space first on Wednesday by drinking water that had been recycled from their urine and sweat and water that condenses from exhaled air.They said “cheers”，clicked drinking bags and toasted NASA workers on the ground who were sipping their own version of recycled drinking water.
The recycling system is needed for astronaut stations on the moon and Mars.It also will save NASA money because it won’t have to ship up as much water to the station by space shuttle or cargo rockets.Besides，it’s important as the space station is about to expand from three people living on board to six.
The recycling system had been brought up to the space station last November by space shuttle Endeavour，but it couldn’t be used until samples were tested back on Earth.So when it came time to actually drink up，NASA made a big deal of it.The three-men crew stood，holding their drinks and congratulated engineers in two NASA centers that worked on the system.
“This is something that had been the stuff of science fiction，” Barratt said before taking a small mouthful.“The taste is worth trying.”
NASA deputy space shuttle manager LeRoy Cain called it “a huge milestone”．
The new system takes the combined urine of the crew from the toilet，moves it to a big tank，where the water is boiled off，and the vapor is collected.The rest of the urine is thrown away.The water vapor is mixed with water from air condensation，and then it goes through filters.When six crew members are aboard it can make about six gallons from urine in about six hours.
“Some people may find the idea of drinking recycled urine distasteful，but it is also done on Earth with a lot longer time between urine and the tap.” said Marybeth Edeen，the space station’s national lab manager.
“The technology NASA developed for this system has already been used for quick water purification after the 2004 Asian tsunami，” Edeen said.
“We are happy to have this water work through the system—we’re happy to have it work through our systems，” Barratt said.
56．According to the text，the recycling system is important because ________.
A．it makes traveling to the moon for the common person possible
B．with it NASA won’ t need to ship any water up to the space station
C．it can help to meet the need for more water after the crew are expanded
D．it protects the environment in space by reducing the amount of waste
57．What is the RIGHT time order of the following events?
a．The samples of the recycled water were tested on Earth.
b．Astronauts celebrated the space first of making water from urine.
c．The recycling system was brought up to the space station.
d．The technology for the system was used to quickly purify water.
A．a，d，c，b B．a，c，b，d
C．d，a，c，b D．d，c，a，b
58．From Paragraph 6 we can know ________.
A．the theory behind the recycling system
B．the effect of the recycling system
C．the process of the recycling system
D．an opinion on the recycling system
59．What is the best title for the passage?
A．The research of NASA has made great progress
B．New technology is used in the space station
C．Drink up：space station recycles urine to water
D．Good news：water recycled from urine tastes good
B
Do you want to see the effects of global warming？Then head north.Will Steger is going to take all of us there.
Steger,64，the first person to make a dogsled trip to the North Pole，is a very famous and admired polar explorer.He’s at home in frozen parts of the world where few humans ever step on.Steger is also a devoted environmentalist who was early to ring the alarm bell on global warming.He saw its effects first-hand in frequent polar expeditions to the Arctic and Antarctica.
Now Steger is about to lead a team of six young adventurers on a 1,400-mile,60-day-long dogsled trip across Ellesmere Island，in the Canadian Arctic.The sea ice in that region should still be frozen.“We want to take our audience to the front lines of global warming，” says Steger.The team will be uploading videos，stories and photos to the website global warming 101.com as they march along，allowing armchair adventurers and kids in classrooms to follow their progress day to day.“We can actually bring the audience up there，” Steger says.
Steger’s team will include some already-famous young explorers.Sam Branson，the 22-year-old son of British airline tycoon (大亨) Richard Branson，is an experienced Arctic traveler.Also on the journey will be 27-year-old Norwegian Sigarid Ekran.Last year，Ekran became only the second woman in history to win Rookie (新秀) of the Year for the Iditarod Sled Dog Race.
What they will see may be very surprising.Even Steger doesn’t know exactly what to expect.Climate change has already reshaped the geography of the Arctic.“Within a decade or less，it’s going to be impossible to reach the North Pole by dog team without flotation (漂浮)，” says Steger.
“Climate change is happening，but people can change too.Their willingness to change will determine the shape of the Earth’s future.”
60．Why is Steger about to organize the adventure to the Arctic?
A．To collect evidence for his scientific research.
B．To develop the young people’s adventurous spirit.
C．To let more people enjoy its natural beauty.
D．To let people realize the bad effects of global warming.
61．How can people learn about the progress of Steger’s journey?
A．Through radio programs.
B．By watching TV.
C．On the Internet.
D．By reading their journals.
62．Global warming will lead to many unexpected events EXCEPT that ________.
A．the North Pole adventure team led by Steger are not sure about what they are going to see
B．it will be impossible to reach the North Pole just by dogsled since the sea ice around the North Pole will be melted
C．the animals living in the Arctic are going to face great dangers because their living environment changes
D．more audience will be taken to the front lines of global warming and reflect on their behaviors and way of life
63．What would be the best title for the passage?
A．The Arctic is in danger
B．Sledding through the Arctic
C．Discoveries of the Arctic
D．Consequences of global warming
C
Song Qingling was born in Shanghai on the 27th of January in 1893 into a well-educated family.In 1907，Qingling traveled to the United States for her education；she and her three sisters became the first Chinese girls to be educated in the US.In 1915，she married Dr.Sun Yat-sen(孙中山)．At the age of eighteen，Qingling began to fight for the rights of women in her country and expressed her ideas of liberty and equality.For the next seven decades，Song Qingling became an active character and came to be known as “the Mother of China”．
In her lifetime，she always paid close attention to women’s and children’s welfare.She supervised(监督) studies on woman and child healthcare，and children’s education.She was awarded the 1950 International Stalin Peace Prize，and she donated all the money to programs promoting the welfare of women and children.
Song Qingling always showed concern for Sun’s followers，overseas Chinese，and the future of Taiwan.She hoped that China could be reunified at an early date.
In the long years of struggle in the Chinese revolution，Song firmly stood by the side of the Chinese Communist Party，whose leaders，Mao Zedong，Zhou Enlai，Liu Shaoqi，and Zhu De，considered her their close comrade-in-arms.
On May 29,1981 Song Qingling died of illness in Beijing.Song Qingling was a great fighter for patriotism(爱国主义)，internationalism and communism.The great contributions she made to China and the Chinese people will not be forgotten.
64．What’s the best title for this passage?
A．Song Qingling and her sisters
B．Song Qingling and Sun Yat-sen
C．Women are also great
D．A brief introduction to Song Qingling
65．What is the right order of the events about Song Qingling according to the passage?
a．traveled to the United States for her education
b．married Sun Yat-sen
c．began to fight for the rights of women
d．was awarded the International Stalin Peace Prize
A．a，b，c，d B．a，d，b，c
C．b，a，c，d D．a，c，b，d
66．The underlined word “concern” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”．
A．care B．worry
C．anger D．surprise
67．According to the passage，Song Qingling ________.
A．was born into a poor family
B．was one of the first Chinese girls to be educated in the UK
C．donated all her prize money for the welfare of women and children in 1949
D．died at the age of 88
D
Kids will often ignore your requests for them to shut off the TV，start their chores(杂事)，or do their homework as a way to avoid following your directions.Before you know it，you’ve started to sound like a broken record as you repeatedly ask them to do their assignments，clean their rooms，or take out the trash(垃圾)．Rather than saying “Do your chores now”，you’ll be more effective if you set a target time for when the chores have to be completed.So instead of arguing about starting chores，just say，“If chores aren’t done by 4 pm，here are the consequences.”Then it’s up to your child to complete the chores.Put the ball back in their court.Don’t argue or fight with them，just say，“That’s the way it’s going to be.” It shouldn’t be punitive(惩罚性的) as much as it should be persuasive.“If your chores aren’t done by 4 pm，then no video game time until chores are done.And if finishing those chores runs into homework time，that’s going to be your loss.”On the other hand，when dealing with homework，keep it very simple.Have a time when homework starts，and at that time，all electronics go off and do not go back on until you see that their homework is done.If your kids say they have no homework，then they should use that time to study or read.Either way，there should be a time set aside when the electronics are off.
When a kid wears his iPod or headphones when you’re trying to talk to him，make no bones about it；he is not ignoring you but disrespecting you.At that point，everything else should stop until he takes the earplugs out of his ears.Don’t try to communicate with him when he’s wearing headphones—even if he tells you he can hear you.Wearing them while you’re talking to him is a sign of disrespect.Parents should be very tough about this kind of thing.Remember，mutual respect becomes more important as children mature.
68．According to the passage，it seldom happens that ________.
A．kids turn a deaf ear to their parents’ requests
B．parents’ directions sound like a broken record
C．children are ready to follow their parents’ directions
D．parents are unaware of what they are repeating to their kids
69．Parents will be able to deal with their children more effectively if they ________.
A．avoid direct ways of punishment
B．make them do things at their request
C．argue and fight with their children
D．allow their children to behave in his own way
70．When a kid is doing his homework，parents ________.
A．should provide him with a good learning environment
B．can do whatever he like
C．can stay aside watching TV
D．must switch off the power
第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Parents and doctors have the same worry over especially low birthweight newborns.__71__ A trend has therefore developed to make special formulas(配方) of extra nutrients and protein-rich foods for these tiny babies.Unfortunately，a British study has found that this practice could have negative long-term effects，such as high blood pressure in adulthood.
Between 1993 and 1995，Atul Singhal of the Institute of Child Health and his colleagues researched 299 full-term newborns，each of whom weighed very little for their age.The babies’ moms had decided not to breastfeed(用母乳喂养)．
__72__ The rest received a formula with more nutrients and 28 percent more protein than the standard formula.The growth of all of these children was compared to that of 175 similarly low birthweight babies whose mothers had chosen to breastfeed their children for their first 9 months.__73__ They found 83 babies from the normal-formula group,70 babies from the extra-formula group，and 95 babies from the breastfeed group.
__74__ According to the latest data，children who had received the extra formula had significantly higher blood pressure than those in the other two groups.
Seven human tests have indeed shown that when infants are overfed before being stopped breastfeeding，they have an increased possibility to become fat as youngsters.
No matter how big a child is at birth，he or she will probably reach the same adult height no matter how quickly the baby grows.But reaching one’s adult size at a slow-to-moderate speed may have a lot of benefits，as Singhal says.__75__
A．Half of these children were given a normal infant(幼儿) formula for 9 months.
B．When they grow up，they might have high blood pressure.
C．These babies have very little energy because they are so small.
D．Six to eight years later，the researchers gave the children a series of measurements and tests.
E．The results were quite surprising.
F．Tiny babies will grow much slower if they are not specially fed.
G．His advice to parents：Be patient.Don’t rush a child’s growth.
第Ⅱ卷
第四部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)
第一节 短文改错(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线()划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Dear Mrs.Winthorp，
So my first week at college is over！No lectures this morning so I think I’d like to email you and let you know what things are going.
I’m glad to say that anything has worked out fine in the dorm.I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they find me a comfortable one on second floor.There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make friend with them so we can help each other on the course work.Everyone else seems very nice and warmly here.Well，I had better to stop now.I’m going to attend mine first lesson this afternoon，for I’ve got some preparations to make.Keep in touch.
Best，
Carol
第二节 书面表达(满分25分)
最近，你班同学就“太空探索是否值得”这一话题展开了讨论。请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语写一篇100词左右的短文介绍讨论的情况。
不值得探索(30%)
值得探索(70%)
离我们及我们的日常生活太遥远；
浪费金钱，这些金钱本可用来解决地球上的饥饿、污染等问题。
已使用卫星进行通讯传播、天气预报；有望解决地球人口问题、地球能源短缺问题。
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答案
1．C 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.C 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.B 10．B 11.A 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C 16.B 17.B 18.A 19.C 20.A 21．B 22．C 23．D 24．A 25．B 26．A 27．B 28．D 29．D 30．C 31．B 32．A 33．C 34．B 35．B 36．A 37．B 38．C 39．D 40．D 41．B 42．B 43．A 44．B 45．A 46．D 47．D 48．C 49．C 50．A 51．A 52．A 53．D 54．A 55．A 56．C 57．D 58．C 59．C 60．D 61．C 62．D 63．B 64．D 65．D 66．A 67．D 68．C 69．A 70．A 71．C 72.A 73.D 74.E 75.G
短文改错
Dear Mrs.Winthorp，
So my first week at college is over！No lectures this morning so I think I’d like to email you and let you know things are going.
I’m glad to say that has worked out fine in the dorm.I remember asking for a room as far away from the lifts as possible and they me a comfortable one on second floor.There are two girls from my course here and I plan to make with them so we can help each other the course work.Everyone else seems very nice and here.Well，I had better to stop now.I’m going to attend first lesson this afternoon， I’ve got some preparations to make.Keep in touch.
Best，
Carol
参考范文
Recently，students in our class have had a discussion on whether space is worth exploring.
30% of us think space exploration is not worthwhile.They think space is too far away from us and our daily life.And the money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the earth’s problems such as starvation and pollution.
On the other hand,70% think space is worthy of exploration because we have benefited a lot from it，such as using satellites for communication and weather forecast.What’s more，with further space research，we may solve the population problem by moving to other planets one day.Also，space research will enable us to find new sources to deal with the problem of energy shortages on the earth.
