人教版（2019）必修第二册 学案Unit2 Wildlife protection易混易错点辨析学案（含答案）

【名师原创】：Unit2 易混易错点辨析
●adapt, adopt
【教材原句】
Elephants need large living spaces, so it’s difficult for them to adapt to the changes. (教材P15)
The young people who run the shelter work hard to keep the place clean, take care of the animals, and advertise the animals so that they can be adopted. (教材P23)
【辨析】
两者词形相似，但意义和用法完全不同。
adapt 修改，改装；改编，改写（使适应新用途或新情况）, 常构成以下结构：
adapt sth. for sth. 改编/改装/修改使用于……
adapt oneself to sth. 使某人适应….
adapt sth. from sth. 从….改编某物, 被动结构为: sth. be adapted from….
adapt to…. 适应…..
adopt 采纳，采用，采取；接受，批准；收养, 领养
【例句呈现】
We have had to adapt quickly to the new system.
我们不得不迅速适应新制度。
Three of her novels have been adapted for television.
她的长篇小说中有三部已改编成电视节目。
Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people.
这些工具多数已经过特别改装，供残疾人使用。
They have had to adapt themselves to a war economy.
他们不得不适应战时经济。
The world will be different, and we will have to be prepared to adapt to the change
世界会变得不同，我们必须做好准备以适应其变化。
Shelves were built to adapt the library for use as an office.
为将图书馆改作办公室而做了一些架子。
Many corporate methods have been adopted by American managers in imitation of Japanese practice.
美国的管理人员效仿日本人的做法，采用了很多经营公司的方法。
She was a wonderful mother to both her natural and adopted children.
她对亲生的和领养的孩子一样好。
The company has adopted a firm policy on shoplifting.
那家公司对店内行窃采取了严厉的措施。
If you want to improve your situation you must adopt a positive mental attitude.
如果你打算改变自己的境遇，就必须树立一种积极的心态。
【考点过关】
用adapt和adopt的适当形式填空
1. Pupils should be helped to ________ a positive approach to the environment.
2. Recently, the film _______ from a play of the same title.
3. She produced a TV series about _______ children.
4. So far, he _______ the play for the screen.
5. She was forced to have her baby _______.
6. Mary has tried to _______ to local customs.
7. All three teams _______ different approaches to the problem yesterday.
8. It is through our nervous system that we _______ ourselves to our environment.
9. Obviously, a more objective method of description must _______.
10. Although these vegetables _______ well to our temperate climate, they tend to crop poorly.
【参考答案】
1. adopt; 2. has been adapted; 3. adopted; 4. has adapted; 5. adopted; 6. adapt; 7. adopted; 8. adapt; 9. be adopted; 10. adapt
●attack; strike/hit (袭击)
【教材原句】
Zhaxi and other volunteers watched over the antelopes day and night to keep them safe from attacks. (教材P16)
【辨析】
三者都可表示 “袭击，攻击”， 但用法表达有一定区别；指“攻击、袭击”时，hit 与strike完全可以互换。
attack通常指有生命的人或物之间的攻击、袭击，如，人与人之间，人与动植物之间，动植物之间等。另外，attack也可表示通过舆论，言语，文字等对人、组织、国家、团体、政策和理论等进行抨击。这些攻击或袭击往往带有一定的目的性。既可以做名词也可以做动词。
温馨提示：强调心脏病的发作或袭击时，只能用attack.
hit/strike 通常指意外的自然灾害的袭击，如，台风，洪水，沙尘暴，飓风，暴风雪，地震，雷电等。
【例句呈现】
He has laid himself wide open to political attack.
他在政治上已经处于极易受到攻击的境地。
Your father is an obvious candidate for a heart attack.
你父亲显然是容易患心脏病的人。
They aimed to make the country safe from terrorist attacks.
他们力图使国家免遭恐怖分子的袭击。
His research work was attacked by animal rights activists.
他的研究受到了动物权益维护者的抨击。
The white blood cells attack cells infected with an invader.
白细胞攻击受到感染的细胞。
He was walking along the road when he was attacked by a dog.
他正在路边散步，突然遭到了一只狗的袭击。
The man attacked me for no apparent reason.
那个人不知何故攻击我。
The strong wind hit/struck him as he turned the corner.
在街角一拐弯处，狂风就向他袭来。
The chances are a million to one against being struck/hit by lightning.
遭雷击的可能性是微乎其微的。
Spain was one of countries hit/struck hardest by the hurricane.
西班牙是遭受这次飓风打击最严重的国家之一。
【考点过关】
用attack和hit/strike适当形式填空
1. The heavy sandstorm _______ a city in the west, and 50 people were seriously wounded the day before yesterday.
2. The police said the _______ from elephants was an isolated incident.
3. A blast of hot air ________ us as we stepped off the plane.
4. The article was a savage ________ on the government's record.
5. Last year a serious flood ________ the whole country.
6. People who are overweight run a risk of a heart _______ or stroke.
7. After being _______ by another bear, the old man lifted his gun.
8. The country ________ by the earthquake is Japan.
9. The opposition leader _______ the government by writing many articles last year.
10. A snowstorm ________ all the villages in that area last month.
【参考答案】
1. hit/struck; 2. attack; 3. hit/struck; 4. attack; 5. hit/struck; 6. attack; 7. attacked; 8. hit/struck; 9. attacked; 10. hit/struck
●in front of…., in the front of…..
【教材原句】
On the plain in front of us, we can just make out a herd of graceful animals. (教材P16)
【辨析】
两者都有“在…..前”的意思，但是在实际含义上有本质区别。
in front of…意思是“在……前面”，相当于before, 指一个事物在另外一个事物外部的前面，两者互不包括，其反义词是behind（在……的后面）。
in the front of…. 意思是“在某一事物内部的前部”，即一事物在另一事物的范围之内，其反义词是at the back of…（在……范围内的后部）。
【例句呈现】
I didn't want to humiliate her in front of her colleagues.
我不想当着她同事们的面令她难堪。
I'm surprised at you, behaving like that in front of the kids.
我真想不到，当着孩子们的面你竟做出这种举动。
There are some flowers in front of the house.
房子前面有些花卉。
She bawled at him in front of everyone.
她当着大家的面冲他大喊大叫。
There's a bus stop in front of the house.
房子前面有一个公共汽车站。
I’d like to sit in the front of the plane
我想坐在飞机比较靠前的位置。
There is a big desk and a blackboard in the front of our classroom.
我们的教室前边有一张大桌子和一块黑板。
There is a table of contents in the front of a dictionary.
词典的开头有目录表。
About 50 teeth lie in the front of a great white's jaws.
大白鲨颚片前端有约50颗牙齿。
A list of phonetic symbols is given in the front of the dictionary.
在词典前面给出了音标表。
【考点过关】
用in front of…., in the front of …..填空
1. The teacher’s desk (讲台) is ________ the classroom.
2. We walked out of the hotel and had our picture taken ________ it.
3. The no - smoking seats are ________ the plane
4. They ate everything that was set________ them.
5. The introduction is always ________ the book.
6. I made a complete fool of myself ________ everyone!
7. She got a seat __________ the bus.
8. When I walked out of the house, I found that a red van was parked _________ the house.
9. Write your name ________ the book.
10. She sat and stared at the letter ________ her.
【参考答案】
1. in the front of; 2. in front of; 3. in the front of; 4. in front of; 5. in the front of; 6. in front of; 7. in the front of; 8. in front of; 9. in the front of; 10. in front of
●include; contain
【教材原句】
In the wetland of my hometown, there are many different kinds of animals, including wild birds, fish, snakes, insects and so on. (教材P18)
【辨析】
两者都有“包含”的意思，但有一定区别。
include 表示“包括，包含，包括….在内”，强调被包括者是整体的一部分。include后面接名词，代词或动名词；被包括部分放在include 后面时，include 用-ing形式，放在前面时，include 用-ed形式
contain 表示“包含，含有，装有，容纳”，强调“内含（….成分），装有（….东西）”。
【例句呈现】
Your duties will include setting up a new computer system.
你的职责将包括建立一个新的计算机系统.
I've got three days' holiday including New Year's Day.
包括元旦在内我有三天假。
The movie won nine Academy Awards, including Best Picture.
这部电影荣获九项奥斯卡金像奖，包括最佳影片奖。
Hotel accommodation is included in the price of your holiday.
你度假的价款包括旅馆住宿在内。
Six people were killed in the riot, including a policeman.
暴乱中有六人死亡，包括一名警察。
We all went, me included.
我们都去了，连我在内。
The committee includes representatives from industry.
这个委员会包括产业界的代表。
Local activities include walking, boating and golf.
当地的活动包括散步、划船以及打高尔夫球。
The box contains old photographs and souvenirs.
那盒子里放有旧照片和纪念品。
It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.
它含有一种可以防止蚊虫叮咬的强效药物。
The bottle contains two glasses of beer.
这瓶子可装两杯啤酒。
The pill contains vitamins.
这药丸中含有多种维生素。
【考点过关】
根据include, contain 的用法用其适当形式填空
1. It was found that her blood _______ poison.
2. The city has dozens of factories, _______ a power plant and a steelworks.
3. This drink doesn't ________ any alcohol.
4. Six students were playing table tennis, two girls ________.
5. Their diet ________ a lot of fat at present.
6. I ________ apples on the list of things to buy today.
7. How much water does this bottle ________
8. We all know that this book _________ ten short stories.
9. Sea water _________ plenty of salt.
10. My uncle has a lot of duties, _________ taking care of these children.
【参考答案】
1. contained; 2. including; 3. contain; 4. included; 5. contains; 6. include; 7. contain; 8. includes; 9. contains; 10. including
●because; since；as; for
【教材原句】
Their habitats were becoming smaller as new roads and railways were built. (教材P16)
The government, however, does not intend to stop the protection programs, since the threats to the Tibetan antelope have not yet disappeared. (教材P16)
【辨析】
四个词都可以表示“因为”，但是语气和用法有一定区别。其语气由强至弱依次为：because → since → as → for; 其中because, since, as均为从属连词，引导原因状语从句；而for 是并列连词，引导并列句。
because，通常指听者所不知道的直接原因，语气最强。一般用来回答why引出的问句，常位于主句之后，在强调句型中，如果强调的是原因状语从句，只能用because引导这个状语从句。
since，一般表示明显的或已为人所知的理由，侧重主句的意思，常译为“因为”、“既然”，相当于now that, 语气比because稍弱，通常置于句首，偶尔也可以放句尾，有时表示一种含有勉强语气的原因。
as 一般表示双方都知道的事实或显而易见的原因，或者理由不够重要，与since相同，但语气更弱，没有since正式，常译为“由于，鉴于”。往往是，从句说明原因，主句说明结果，主从句并重。
for是并列连词，一般不表示直接原因，常表示补充说明的理由，它所引导的分句只能放在另外一个分句后面，且前后两个分句在逻辑意义上不一定是因果关系，与前一个分句之间必修用逗号隔开，这一用法常见于较正式的书面语中。
【例句呈现】
Life was harder then because neither of us had a job.
那时生活比较艰苦，因为我俩都没有工作。
The party went well because everyone entered into the spirit of things.
晚会很成功，因为每个人都很投入。
Nothing will be done because no one in authority takes the matter seriously.
什么也办不了，因为掌权的谁也不认真对待这个问题。
Since the rain has stopped, let’s go for a walk.
既然雨停了，我们出去散散步吧。
Since we are young, we shouldn’t be too afraid of making mistakes.
因为我们还年轻，所以不应该太害怕犯错误。
He didn’t come since he was busy.
他因为忙，所以没有来。
Please return the book to the library as you will go there this afternoon.
因为你下午要去那里所以麻烦你把这本书还给图书馆。
As it is raining, you had better take a taxi.
既然下雨, 你最好坐出租车来。
Everyone likes you as you are both kind and honest.
人人都喜欢你，因为你既和气，又诚实。
The days are short, for it is now December.
白天短了，因为现在已是十二月份。
It must have rained, for the ground is wet.
一定是下雨了，因为地面很湿。
The day breaks, for the birds are singing.
天亮了, 因为鸟都叫了。
【考点过关】
用because, since, as, for填空
1. ______ you are free today, you had better help me with my mathematics.
2. _______ you are tired, you had better rest.
3. He seldom goes out now, _______ he is very old.
4. _______ you don't trust him, you should not employ him.
5. He must be ill, ______ he is absent today.
6. It was _______ I missed the early bus that I was late for school.
7. ______ you are grown up, you should not rely on your parents.
8. He could not have seen me, ______ I was not there.
9. I did it _______ they asked me to do it.
10. _______ it is raining, you’d better take a taxi.
11. I went to bed early, _______ I was exhausted.
12. I was worried ________ Mary was late.
【参考答案】
1. Since; 2. As; 3. for; 4. Since; 5. for; 6. because; 7. Since; 8. for; 9. because; 10. As; 11. as; 12. because
●worth; worthwhile; worthy
【教材原句】
It is hard work, but the young people working at the shelter think it is worth it. (教材P23)
【辨析】
三者都有“值得”的意思，但是用法不同。
worth 意思是“值得；值….”，常构成结构：主语 + be worth sth/doing sth.
worthwhile 意思是“值得的”， 常构成结构：it is worthwhile doing sth./to do sth.
worthy 意思是“值得的”，常构成结构：主语 + be worthy of being done (=主语 + be worthy to be done
【例句呈现】
It is worthwhile buying the dictionary.
这本词典值得买。
It is worthwhile to pay much attention to their great value in application.
因此，它们具有的使用价值是值得重视的。
It is worthwhile to send him abroad for further education.
将他送到国外去深造是值得的。
It is worthwhile to discuss the problem further.
进一步讨论这个问题是值得的。
Since the Chinese market has huge potential, it is worthwhile being patient.
然而，由于中国市场潜力巨大，付出耐心是值得的。
The vases are believed to be worth over$ 20 000 each.
那些花瓶据估计每个价值都超过2万元。
Those might be worth trying ．
这些也许值得一试。
I think that the house should be worth the price.
我想应该值这个价格。
We esteem him to be worthy of trust.
我们认为他值得信任。
It is the core of the railroad transportation contract system that the carriers responsibility system may be worthy to be called.
承运人责任制度可以称得上是铁路运输合同制度的核心。
【考点过关】
根据worthwhile, worth, worthy的用法填空
1. If you'd be loved, be worthy ________ (loved).
2. It is worthwhile _______ (spend) money on advertising.
3. What is worth doing is worth ________ (do) well.
4. Therefore, it is worthwhile ________ (do) research on this kind of animal.
5. This art collection is worth ________ (show) once again.
6. They thought these ideas too obvious to be worth ________ (publish).
7. The global environmental change would be worthy __________ (pay) much attention to.
8. It is worthwhile ________ (think) over some details of this book.
【参考答案】
1. to be loved/of being loved; 2. spending/to spend; 3. dong; 4. doing/to do; 5. showing ; 6. publishing; 7. to be paid/of being paid; 8. thinking/to think
●rescue; save
【教材原句】
The organization aims to rescue and raise orphan elephants, and then return them to the wild. (教材P24)
【辨析】
两者都有“拯救、挽救，营救”的意思，但用法和意思稍有不同。
rescue 意思是“救援，营救，挽救，援救，救援行动”，既作名词也做动词，往往表示大灾大难之后快速而紧迫的营救和救援。
save 词义更加广泛，强调把处于危险或危机状态中的人或物解救出来，使之脱离危险，表达这意思时不能作名词；另外，save 还有“救助，节省，节约和储蓄”的意思, 如，save time/energy/money/strength 等。
温馨提示：
①两者在表示“营救，挽救，拯救”时一般可以互换。
②rescue 可以作名词，表示“救援，救援行动”，这时不能与save互换。
③表示“救助，节省，节约和储蓄”时，只能用save
④表示“拯救/挽救/救某人生命”时，一般用save one’s life
【例句呈现】
Helicopters rescued/saved nearly 20 people from the roof of the burning building.
直升机从着火的楼顶救出来了将近二十个人。
The brave firemen saved/rescued people from a burning house.
勇敢的消防人员从燃烧的房子里救人。
He dove into the river to save/rescue the drowning child.
他跳入河中去救那个溺水的孩子。
The meeting is an attempt to mobilize nations to save children from death by disease and malnutrition.
该会议试图动员各国救助儿童，以免死于疾病和营养不良。
We should try to save water.
我们应设法节约用水。
Home owners are being encouraged to insulate their homes to save energy.
当局鼓励房主给住房加隔热装置以节约能源。
They are campaigning to save the area from building development.
他们正开展一场反对在这个地区进行房地产开发的运动。
He's saving his strength for the last part of the race.
他保存体力，以便在比赛的最后阶段发力。
She needs to win the next two games to save the match.
只有下面的两场获胜，她才能挽回败局。
Consumption rather than saving has become the central feature of contemporary societies.
现代社会的主要特征是消费而不是储蓄。
A helicopter was scrambled to help rescue/save three young climbers.
直升机接到命令，紧急起飞前去营救三个登山的年轻人。
Every type of boat was pressed into service to rescue/save passengers from the sinking ferry.
为了营救下沉渡轮上的旅客，各类船只都被临时征用了。
The strain was beginning to tell on the rescue team.
过度的疲劳开始让救援队吃不消了。
People rushed to her rescue and picked her up.
人们冲上来把她救起。
【考点过关】
用save, rescue 的适当形式填空
1. We_________ up to go to Australia for several months.
2. If we go this way it will ______ us two hours on the trip.
3. Doctors fought for more than six hours to _______ his life.
4. So far we _______ enough money to pay for the house.
5. Two children _______ from the burning car.
6. The ______ helicopter made another sweep over the bay.
7. _______ teams are using thermal imaging to locate survivors of the earthquake.
8. _______ planes are trying to locate the missing sailors.
9. Volunteers formed a human chain ________ precious items from the burning house.
10. With the help of a ladder, neighbors were able to _______ the children from the blaze.
11. The exhausted climbers _______ by helicopter.
12. The bank stepped in _______ the company from financial ruin.
【参考答案】
1. have been saving; 2. save ; 3. save; 4. have saved; 5. were rescued/saved; 6. rescue; 7. Rescue; 8. Rescue; 9. to save/rescue; 10. rescue/save; 11. were rescued/saved; 12. to save/recue
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