人教版（2019）必修第二册 Unit3The internet Discovering Useful Structures 素养导学案（有答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）必修第二册 Unit3The internet Discovering Useful Structures 素养导学案（有答案） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-09 21:45:38 | ||
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Unit3 Discovering Useful Structures 素养导学案
课前预习区
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. You can use my computer to type the report because it ________ (repair) already.
2. It ________ (prove) already that what he said the other day is true.
3. Every possible means ________ (use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
4. ________ this bridge ________ (finish) yet？
5. These flowers ________ (water), so you can go home.
Ⅱ. 把下列句子变成被动语态
1. They have put the computer into a robot.
→ _______________________________________________________________
2. He has given the child some interesting books.
→ _______________________________________________________________
3. They have discussed the problem for nearly two weeks.
→ _______________________________________________________________
4. Who has Mary invited to her birthday
→ _______________________________________________________________
课中导学区
单元语法
Task现在完成时的被动语态
自主探究
观察下面两组句子，体会现在完成时的被动语态的用法。
Group A
We have finished the homework. 我们已经完成了家庭作业。
Many visitors have visited the Great Wall. 许多游客参观过长城。
Mike has seen two films since last month. 从上个月以来，迈克已经看了两部电影。
The Russian government has turned these palaces into museums. 俄罗斯政府已经把这些宫殿变成了博物馆。
Group B
The homework has been finished by us. 家庭作业已经被我们完成了。
The Great Wall has been visited by many visitors. 长城被许多游客参观过。
Two films have been seen by Mike since last month. 从上个月以来，两部电影被迈克看过了。
These palaces have been turned into museums by the Russian government. 这些宫殿已经被俄罗斯政府变成了博物馆。
探究发现
通过观察以上句子，我们发现这两组句子都使用了现在完成时态，其中A组句子强调动作的执行者，是（1） ________ 语态，结构为“（2） ________ +过去分词”；B组句子强调动作的承受者，是（3） ________ 语态，结构为“（4） ________ +过去分词”。现在完成时的被动语态表示被动的动作在说话以前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
基础盘点
现在完成时的被动语态的结构
l. 肯定句：主语+have/has+been+过去分词+其他
The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. 街道是整洁的，许多房屋已经被重建。
The books have been borrowed by the teacher. 这些书已经被这位老师借走了。
So far the novel has been translated into five languages. 到目前为止，这部小说已被翻译成五种语言（版本）。
2. 否定句：主语+have/has+not+been+过去分词+其他
The bike hasn’t been repaired yet. 这辆自行车还没有被修理。
She hasn’t been heard from since then. 从那时起，她就没来过信。
3. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been+过去分词+其他
-Have these clothes been washed 这些衣服洗过了吗？
-Yes, they have. 是的，洗过了。
-Has our dinner been cooked 我们的晚餐做好了吗？
-No, it hasn’t. 不，还没有。
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been+过去分词+其他
How long has your computer been used 你的电脑用了多久了？
How many new words I have been learned by the students 这些学生已经学会了多少新单词？
名师点拨
使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题
●注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。
The house was built last year. 这房子是去年建造的。（侧重动作发生在过去）The house has been built. 这房子已经建好了。（侧重现在有房子供使用）
●副词的位置
often、usually、always、never、hardly、seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。
[误] Such a man has been hardly believed.
[正] Such a man has hardly been believed.
●并不是所有动词都有被动语态。happen、take place、break out、belong to、cost、last等不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态。
[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.
[正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
●open、break、drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。
[误] The door has been opened of itself.
[正] The door has opened of itself.
●动词短语的现在完成时的被动语态中，不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。
[误] The patients have been taken good care.
[正] The patients have been taken good care of.
变式训练
单句填空
(1) A great number of survivors ________ (rescue) by the soldiers in that area where the earthquake happened since yesterday.
(2) These topics ________ (talk) about for a long time.
(3) —Why not go into the classroom
—The door ________ (lock).
(4) his new novel ________ (translate) into French recently
(5) The sports meet of our school ________ (put) off because of bad weather.
衔接写作
用被动语态改写下列句子
(1) They have finished the construction of the new railway lines by now.
____________________________________________________________________
(2) We have built a new library and a gymnasium in our school this year.
____________________________________________________________________
(3) The car factory has produced a great many fine cars since the technological revolution.
____________________________________________________________________
(4) They have made a plan to help the poor children in the poor area.
____________________________________________________________________
(5) The government has spent a lot of money on the Hope Project.
____________________________________________________________________
课堂思学区
夯实基础
I. 用所给词的正确形式填空
l. Fire extinguishers（灭火器）are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you ______ (train) to do so.
2. More than 100 famous films ______ (show) in the city since July.
3. Up to now, no conclusion（结论） ______ (reach) about who the first prize should go to.
4. How many cars ______ (build) in the factory since 1990
5. Three new schools ______ (open) in our city in the past five years.
6. It’s the first time that the old computer ______ (check) since I bought it.
7. Great changes ______ (take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories ______ (set) up.
Ⅱ. 用被动语态改写下列句子
1. The volunteers have planted thousands of trees along the river in the past few days.
→ Thousands of trees along the river by the volunteers in the past few days.
2. Scientists have made a new robot which can walk and talk like humans.
→ A new robot which can walk and talk like humans by scientists.
3. Don’t worry. The doctors have already operated on the injured boy.
→ Don’t worry. The injured boy already by the doctors.
4. They look very happy because they have solved the difficult problems.
→ They look very happy because the difficult problems by them.
Ⅲ. 语篇填空
In our community, there is a large activity room. For the past few years, our community 1. （举行了10多场会议）there. Since20l8，five computers2. （已被安装）there for the residents. Today, the residents’ lives 3. （被大大地改变了）by these computers, because some residents 4. （被教）to use the Internet. Al though they 5. （没有买）any goods online, their confidence 6. （被激起）by these things. Who can guess what their future life will be like
参考答案
课前预学区
I. 1. has been repaired 2. has been proved 3. has been used
4. Has；been finished 5. have been watered
II. 1. The computer has been put into a robot by them.
2. The child has been given some interesting books by him. Some interesting books have been given to the child by him.
3. The problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks by them.
4. Who has been invited to Mary’s birthday
课中导学区
Task
探究发现 (1) 主动 (2) have/has (3) 被动
(4) have has been
变式训练 (l) have been rescued (2) have been talked
(3) has been locked (4) Has；been translated
(5) has been put
衔接写作 (l) The construction of the new railway lines has been finished by them by now.
(2) A new library and a gymnasium have been built in our school by us this year.
(3) A great many fine cars have been produced by the car factory since the technological revolution.
(4) A plan to help the poor children in the poor area has been made by them.
(5) A lot of money has been spent on the Hope Project by the government.
课堂思学区
夯实基础
I. 1. have been trained 2. have been shown
3. has been reached 4. have been built
5. have been opened 6. has been checked
7. have taken；have been set
II. 1. have been planted 2. has been made
3. has；been operated on 4. have been solved
Ⅲ. 1. has hosted more than ten meetings 2. have been fixed
3. have been greatly changed 4. have been taught
5. haven’t bought 6. has been inspired
课前预习区
I. 用所给词的适当形式填空
1. You can use my computer to type the report because it ________ (repair) already.
2. It ________ (prove) already that what he said the other day is true.
3. Every possible means ________ (use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.
4. ________ this bridge ________ (finish) yet？
5. These flowers ________ (water), so you can go home.
Ⅱ. 把下列句子变成被动语态
1. They have put the computer into a robot.
→ _______________________________________________________________
2. He has given the child some interesting books.
→ _______________________________________________________________
3. They have discussed the problem for nearly two weeks.
→ _______________________________________________________________
4. Who has Mary invited to her birthday
→ _______________________________________________________________
课中导学区
单元语法
Task现在完成时的被动语态
自主探究
观察下面两组句子，体会现在完成时的被动语态的用法。
Group A
We have finished the homework. 我们已经完成了家庭作业。
Many visitors have visited the Great Wall. 许多游客参观过长城。
Mike has seen two films since last month. 从上个月以来，迈克已经看了两部电影。
The Russian government has turned these palaces into museums. 俄罗斯政府已经把这些宫殿变成了博物馆。
Group B
The homework has been finished by us. 家庭作业已经被我们完成了。
The Great Wall has been visited by many visitors. 长城被许多游客参观过。
Two films have been seen by Mike since last month. 从上个月以来，两部电影被迈克看过了。
These palaces have been turned into museums by the Russian government. 这些宫殿已经被俄罗斯政府变成了博物馆。
探究发现
通过观察以上句子，我们发现这两组句子都使用了现在完成时态，其中A组句子强调动作的执行者，是（1） ________ 语态，结构为“（2） ________ +过去分词”；B组句子强调动作的承受者，是（3） ________ 语态，结构为“（4） ________ +过去分词”。现在完成时的被动语态表示被动的动作在说话以前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。
基础盘点
现在完成时的被动语态的结构
l. 肯定句：主语+have/has+been+过去分词+其他
The streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. 街道是整洁的，许多房屋已经被重建。
The books have been borrowed by the teacher. 这些书已经被这位老师借走了。
So far the novel has been translated into five languages. 到目前为止，这部小说已被翻译成五种语言（版本）。
2. 否定句：主语+have/has+not+been+过去分词+其他
The bike hasn’t been repaired yet. 这辆自行车还没有被修理。
She hasn’t been heard from since then. 从那时起，她就没来过信。
3. 一般疑问句：Have/Has+主语+been+过去分词+其他
-Have these clothes been washed 这些衣服洗过了吗？
-Yes, they have. 是的，洗过了。
-Has our dinner been cooked 我们的晚餐做好了吗？
-No, it hasn’t. 不，还没有。
4. 特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+been+过去分词+其他
How long has your computer been used 你的电脑用了多久了？
How many new words I have been learned by the students 这些学生已经学会了多少新单词？
名师点拨
使用现在完成时的被动语态需要注意的问题
●注意与一般过去时的被动语态的区别。一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时候，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但侧重说明该动作或状态对现在造成的影响或结果。
The house was built last year. 这房子是去年建造的。（侧重动作发生在过去）The house has been built. 这房子已经建好了。（侧重现在有房子供使用）
●副词的位置
often、usually、always、never、hardly、seldom等副词置于have/has和been中间。
[误] Such a man has been hardly believed.
[正] Such a man has hardly been believed.
●并不是所有动词都有被动语态。happen、take place、break out、belong to、cost、last等不及物动词或动词短语无被动语态。
[误] Great changes have been taken place in China since 1978.
[正] Great changes have taken place in China since 1978.
●open、break、drop等不强调动作发出者时常用主动语态。
[误] The door has been opened of itself.
[正] The door has opened of itself.
●动词短语的现在完成时的被动语态中，不可分割或省略其中的介词或副词。
[误] The patients have been taken good care.
[正] The patients have been taken good care of.
变式训练
单句填空
(1) A great number of survivors ________ (rescue) by the soldiers in that area where the earthquake happened since yesterday.
(2) These topics ________ (talk) about for a long time.
(3) —Why not go into the classroom
—The door ________ (lock).
(4) his new novel ________ (translate) into French recently
(5) The sports meet of our school ________ (put) off because of bad weather.
衔接写作
用被动语态改写下列句子
(1) They have finished the construction of the new railway lines by now.
____________________________________________________________________
(2) We have built a new library and a gymnasium in our school this year.
____________________________________________________________________
(3) The car factory has produced a great many fine cars since the technological revolution.
____________________________________________________________________
(4) They have made a plan to help the poor children in the poor area.
____________________________________________________________________
(5) The government has spent a lot of money on the Hope Project.
____________________________________________________________________
课堂思学区
夯实基础
I. 用所给词的正确形式填空
l. Fire extinguishers（灭火器）are located on each floor and in each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you ______ (train) to do so.
2. More than 100 famous films ______ (show) in the city since July.
3. Up to now, no conclusion（结论） ______ (reach) about who the first prize should go to.
4. How many cars ______ (build) in the factory since 1990
5. Three new schools ______ (open) in our city in the past five years.
6. It’s the first time that the old computer ______ (check) since I bought it.
7. Great changes ______ (take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories ______ (set) up.
Ⅱ. 用被动语态改写下列句子
1. The volunteers have planted thousands of trees along the river in the past few days.
→ Thousands of trees along the river by the volunteers in the past few days.
2. Scientists have made a new robot which can walk and talk like humans.
→ A new robot which can walk and talk like humans by scientists.
3. Don’t worry. The doctors have already operated on the injured boy.
→ Don’t worry. The injured boy already by the doctors.
4. They look very happy because they have solved the difficult problems.
→ They look very happy because the difficult problems by them.
Ⅲ. 语篇填空
In our community, there is a large activity room. For the past few years, our community 1. （举行了10多场会议）there. Since20l8，five computers2. （已被安装）there for the residents. Today, the residents’ lives 3. （被大大地改变了）by these computers, because some residents 4. （被教）to use the Internet. Al though they 5. （没有买）any goods online, their confidence 6. （被激起）by these things. Who can guess what their future life will be like
参考答案
课前预学区
I. 1. has been repaired 2. has been proved 3. has been used
4. Has；been finished 5. have been watered
II. 1. The computer has been put into a robot by them.
2. The child has been given some interesting books by him. Some interesting books have been given to the child by him.
3. The problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks by them.
4. Who has been invited to Mary’s birthday
课中导学区
Task
探究发现 (1) 主动 (2) have/has (3) 被动
(4) have has been
变式训练 (l) have been rescued (2) have been talked
(3) has been locked (4) Has；been translated
(5) has been put
衔接写作 (l) The construction of the new railway lines has been finished by them by now.
(2) A new library and a gymnasium have been built in our school by us this year.
(3) A great many fine cars have been produced by the car factory since the technological revolution.
(4) A plan to help the poor children in the poor area has been made by them.
(5) A lot of money has been spent on the Hope Project by the government.
课堂思学区
夯实基础
I. 1. have been trained 2. have been shown
3. has been reached 4. have been built
5. have been opened 6. has been checked
7. have taken；have been set
II. 1. have been planted 2. has been made
3. has；been operated on 4. have been solved
Ⅲ. 1. has hosted more than ten meetings 2. have been fixed
3. have been greatly changed 4. have been taught
5. haven’t bought 6. has been inspired