人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 Unit4History and traditions 单元测评（有答案解析）

Unit4 单元测评
第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）
略
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分35分）
第一节（共10小题；每小题2.5分，满分25分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
（2019·湖北荆州高一联考）
It was a cold winter. The wind blew all night and the snow was blinding. When morning came, my three children and I got up and made our way to the windows. As we looked out the window, we saw that the henhouse was gone. Our three hens had been blown away.
I looked at the emptiness outside. Then I saw all three chickens sat around the edge of a white bucket. How was this violent wind not blowing them into the field beyond I quickly pulled on long snow pants and heavy winter coat, wrapped a scarf and stuck my feet into very large boots.
I shouted at the wind as it blew. I was alone, struggling in the snow. They stared out the window into the vast white sea of snow, their eyes peered at any sign of movement. Outside I heard the sound of my boots as I walked against the wind.
The snow circling around me, I steadily made my way to the soft cluck-cluck-cluck sound my hens always made. When I reached them, I saw that their little feet were holding on to the edge of the bucket, heads bent forward and away from the wind. I gently lifted each hen and put it carefully into the warm inside. Then I began the freezing walk back to the small shed directly behind our house. One by one I laid my chickens on the cold floor, and they began to cluck softly.
As I shut the shed doors, my eyes went directly to the window where my children were watching. They jumped up and own cheering, and so did I! I wasn’t some dragon slayer(屠龙者) from a fairy tale. I was simply a mom, but the look on my children’s faces told me that they thought I was a hero mom.
21. Seeing all three chickens sitting around the bucket, the author felt ________.
A. incredible B. worried C. shy D. confident
22. From the story, we know that ________.
A. the author’s children liked dragon slayers
B. the children watched their mother all the way
C. the author struggled to be a hero
D. the author enjoyed herself in the snow
23. What might be the best title for the text
A. Weather in Extreme
B. Hens in Trouble
C. Kindness in Need
D. Hero in the Snow
B
（2019·湖南衡阳高一联考）
Recently some American scientists have given a useful sincere piece of advice to people in industrialized nations that they would be much healthier if they ate more of the same kind of food eaten by humans living more than 10,000 years ago.
The scientists say that the human body has changed very little since humans first appeared on the earth, but the way we live has changed greatly. Our body has not been able to deal with（处理，对付）these changes in lifestyle and this has led to new kinds of sicknesses. These new sicknesses were not known in ancient times, so they are called “diseases of civilization”. Many cancers and diseases of the blood system, including heart attacks and strokes（中风）are examples of such diseases.
Scientists noted that people in both the Old Stone Age and the New Stone Age enjoyed very little alcohol（酒精）or tobacco（烟草），probably none. Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise, but a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.
Stone-age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic or tame ones. They also ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits. They didn’t have milk or any other dairy products, and they made very little use of grains. But today, we eat a large amount of these. We eat six times more alt than our remote ancestors（祖先）. We eat more sugar. We eat twice as much fat but only one third as much protein（蛋白质）and much less vitamin C.
People today probably do not want to live the way people thousands of years ago did, but scientists say that we would be much healthier if we ate much the same way as remote ancestors did, cutting the amount of fatty, salty and sweet food.
24. New kinds of sicknesses have been found because ________.
A. the human body has changed compared with humans who first appeared on the earth
B. the way we live has changed a little
C. our body can’t deal with the changes in lifestyle
D. the way we live today is proper for the human body
25. What is the main cause that people suffer from a lot of new sicknesses
A. Ancient people did a great deal of physical exercise.
B. People today have a lot of alcohol.
C. People today have more tobacco.
D. Food today is quite different from that of ancient times.
26. According to some scientists, stone-age people were much healthier than people today because they ate a lot of ________.
A. milk and other dairy products
B. wild animals, fresh wild vegetables and fruits
C. salt and sugar
D. grain foods
C
（2019·福建福州高一联考）
Bees play a vital role in the world. Unfortunately, bees are dying by the second.
The main purpose of bees is to make honey. Honey, shockingly, does not exist for human consumption; it is essential to the insects. Honeybees store honey in their hives（蜂巢）in order for the bees to have energy for their flight muscles and for heating the hive during the winter period. They collect pollen（花）which supplies protein for young bees to grow.
According to Honey. Com, the increased production and quality of agricultural crops as a result of honeybee pollination are valued at more than $ 14.6 billion per year. These insects are responsible for over 70% of the fruits and vegetables we eat today, including apples, grapes, coffee, beans, and broccoli.
So if they are so valuable to agriculture, why do they keep dying off A key suspect seems to be pesticides（农药）. Honeybees who are exposed to pesticides result in the damage to their neurological（神经系统的）functions, especially memory or behavior. And that’s why the majority of worker bees disappear and leave behind a queen, plenty of food and a few nurse bees to care for the remaining immature bees and the queen. There are several other causes of the decline of bees, including the destruction of natural habitats, woodlands, forests, and other habitats for bees. Climate change is also a factor in the decline of the wild bee population.
Actually, there are a variety of methods to help the bee population grow. One way is to start your own organic garden by planting bee-friendly plants. Pesticides are used in both industrial practices and even in your home, so it is best to find organic seeds and weed killers.
27. Why do honeybees store honey in their hives
A. To provide enough honey for human to consume.
B. To draw protein out of honey for young bees.
C. To help attract other insects and make hives stronger.
D. To strengthen bee muscles and heat hives in winter.
28. Apples and beans are mentioned in the third paragraph to show that ________.
A. bees supply human beings with basic food
B. bees mainly live on these agricultural crops.
C. bees are of great importance to fruits and vegetables.
D. bees can bring in more money for farmers every year.
29. What is most likely to cause the worker bees to leave their hives behind
A. The lack of food.
B. The abuse of pesticides.
C. The fighting among bees.
D. The destruction of the habitats.
30. What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows
A. Another way to save bees.
B. Other tips for choosing seeds.
C. More methods to plant green organic fruits.
D. Causes of the decline in the wild bee population.
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2019·福建厦门高一联考）
Master Your Deadlines
The struggle begins in high school, sometimes earlier Deadlines, and lots of them, start to pile up. At college, the pressure sometimes leads to last-minute rush and unsatisfactory work, failing to meet deadlines can easily get tired. 31 Here are a few best practices.
Assign deadlines to what matters.
If the task isn’t of high importance, don’t set a specific deadline. In this way, you are able to keep it on your radar for a while without feeling pressured. 32 This will provide just enough pressure to ensure you get it done.
33
Set a personal deadline for yourself a day or two before the actual deadline. 34 If you’re working with a group of people, add in even more time to account for potential follow-ups and the need for approvals.
Keep communicating.
35 This means letting others know when something is taking longer than expected, when a delivery didn’t come in when a client is not providing the necessary information, etc. Although it may feel embarrassing to admit that something is not on schedule, being honest is much better for relieving your stress.
A. Plan for flexible hours.
B. Finish your project as early as possible.
C. But if an activity is urgent, set a deadline immediately.
D. In this way, you’ll never have to stay up late and feel stressed.
E. But handled properly, deadlines can actual improve productivity.
F. Whenever you feel challenged to finish work on time, communicate.
G. So if anything takes longer than expected, you can still wrap it up and submit it on time.
31. ________ 32. ________ 33. ________ 34. ________ 35. ________
第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
（2019·湖北武汉中学高一月考）
Ask any child, “What do you want to be when you grow up ” Probably, you’ll get 36 answers. When you look into their eyes, you see the 37 when they talk of their dreams. Their eyes are wide and they talk about them as if there is no 38 in their mind that dreams are going to come true.
What happened to your dreams Are you 39 your dreams I think as we grow older, our dreams may 40 . Circumstances set in and change the 41 we look at life. The 42 child has matured into an adult and his dreams have also matured 43 him.
I always wanted to be a 44 player. But life’s circumstances changed all that and my dream to be a professional baseball player disappeared. 45 I showed my friends what my childhood dream always was, they looked at me a little funny, and say…really They have that 46 look on their face. Have you ever had that 47 you
There are lots of dreamers, 48 Leonardo da Vinci, Thomas Edison and Charles Babbage, etc. What do all these men have 49 They dared to dream whatever others say. They took the scornful（鄙视的）looks, the laughs and the finger 50 , and these didn’t 51 them from the outlook they had. They weren’t thrown off 52 by them.
Only 3% of the world’s population are dreamers. The other 97% live in the 53 . Don’t let the boxers yell their 54 talk at you. Don’t let them knock you off the road you are travelling.
Stay on the course, 55 the line, and always continue moving forward toward your dreams.
36. A. proper B. puzzling C. different D. challenging
37. A. excitement B. temptation C. astonishment D. satisfaction
38. A. point B. good C. wonder D. doubt
39. A. possessing B. living C. imagining D. developing
40. A. quit B. change C. arise D. disappear
41. A. way B. method C. manner D. means
42. A. well-dressed B. good-looking C. poorly-educated D. wide-eyed
43. A. across B. through C. with D. on
44. A. baseball B. basketball C. football D. volleyball
45. A. In case B. Even if C. As D. For
46. A. doubtful B. interested C. frightened D. regretful
47. A. appeal to B. happen to C. tend to D. lead to
48. A. above all B. in addition C. in particular D. such as
49. A. in danger B. in common C. in need D. in trouble
50. A. pointing B. cutting C. polishing D. repairing
51. A. escape B. protect C. prevent D. save
52. A. field B. track C. ladder D. bed
53. A. bag B. basket C. house D. box
54. A. objective B. encouraging C. negative D. positive
55. A. share B. communicate C. put D. hold
第三节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2019·安徽芜湖高一联考）
If you visit a supermarket in the UK in March or April, you will notice a strange thing: shelf after shelf is filled with large, brightly-coloured eggs.
Look a little 56 (close) and you will discover something else. These eggs aren’t real. In fact, they 57 (make) of chocolate. And that can mean only one thing—it’s Easter time again.
Easter is a festival 58 has been celebrated in Britain for thousands of years. These days we mark the occasion by 59 (give) each other chocolate eggs, or Easter eggs. But what are the roots of this 60 (tradition) event
For Christian people Easter is a religious festival. According 61 the Bible, Jesus Christ was killed by the Romans back to life three days later. That is 63 Easter is seen as a time of rebirth However，some people suggest that Easter has 64 (it) origins in pre-Christian times. They stay that the very earliest societies celebrated the end of winter and the beginning spring—the time when life returns to the land.
Whatever its origins, Easter is a big business. The UK’s biggest retailer（零售商）of East eggs 65 (sell) more than 20 million units last year and some Easter eggs can cost more than￡20!
56. ________ 57. ________ 58. ________ 59. ________ 60. ________
61. ________ 62. ________ 63. ________ 64. ________ 65. ________
第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 应用文写作（满分15分）
假如你是李华，你校英国交换生Tom在电子邮件中说他被 Oxford University录取了，邀请你本周六晚参加庆祝派对，但你那天要参加汉语诗词（poetry）比赛，不能参加派对。请用英语给他回复电子邮件。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Tom,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节 读后续写（满分25分）
阅读下面短文，根据所给情节进行续写，使之构成一个完整的故事。
When I was ten years old, I lived with my family in a small house in rural South Jersey. I often accompanied my mother to the A&P to buy groceries. Without a car, we walked, and I would help her carry the bags.
My mother had to shop very carefully, as she was a waitress, and her salary barely supported us. One day, while she was weighing prices, a promotional display for World Book Encyclopedia caught my eye. The volumes were beautifully cream-colored. Volume One was ninety-nine cents with a ten-dollar purchase.
All I could think of while shopping was the book. I stood at the register（收银台）with my mother, holding my breath as the cashier rang up the items. It came to over eleven dollars. My mother produced a five, some singles, and a handful of change. As she was counting out the money, I somehow found the courage to ask for the encyclopedia（百科全书）. “Could we get one I said, showing her the display. “It’s only ninety-nine cents.”
I did not understand my mother’s increasing anxiety; she did not have enough change and had to sacrifice a large can of peas to pay the amount. “Not now, Patricia,” she said severely. “Today is not a good day.” I packed the groceries and followed her home, upset.
The next Saturday, my mother gave me a dollar and sent me to the A&P alone. Two quarts of milk and a loaf of bread—that’s what a dollar in 1957. I went straight to the World Book display. There was only one first volume left, which I placed my cart（购物车）. I didn’t need a cart, but took one so I could read as I went up and down the aisles. A lot of time went by and I knew I had to leave, but I couldn’t bear to part with the book. With no detective in sight, I put it inside my shirt and zipped（拉上拉链）up my jacket. I was a tall, skinny kid, and I am certain the shape of the book was obvious.注意：1.所续写短文的词数应为150左右；
2.至少使用5个短文中标有下划线的关键词语；
3.续写部分分为两段，每段的开头语已为你写好；
4.续写完成后，请用下划线标出你所使用的关键词语。
Paragraph 1
My heart beating rapidly, I headed for the register.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2
Back home, I told my mother what I ha ad promise detective.
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案及解析
第一部分 听力
略
第二部分 阅读理解
第一节
A
语篇导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了在一个寒冷的冬天，周围所有的东西都被刮走了，但这时作者看到三只小鸡，在孩子鼓励的眼神下，作者勇敢地拯救了它们。作者主要为了告诉我们在每个孩子眼里，妈妈都是一位英雄。
21.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“How was this violent wind not blowing them into the field beyond ”可知，看见三只鸡都在水桶周围，作者感到不可思议。故选A。
22.B 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“As I shut the shed doors, my eyes went directly to the window where my children were watching.”可以得知，孩子们全程看着作者救这三只小鸡。故选B。
23.D 【解析】主旨大意题。短文主要描述了作者在一个寒冷的冬天勇敢地拯救了三只在雪地里的小鸡。故选D。
B
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。最近，一些美国科学家向工业化国家的人们提出了一条有用而真诚的建议：如果他们多吃一万多年前人类所吃的同类食物，他们会更健康。石器时代的人比今天的人健康得多，因为他们吃了很多野生动物，新鲜的野生蔬菜和水果。
24.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Our body has not been able to deal with these changes in lifestyle and this has ed to new kinds of sicknesses.”可知，由于我们的身体无法应对生活方式的变化，新的疾病已经被发现。故选C。
25.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Ancient people also got a great deal of physical exercise, but a change in food is one of the main differences between life in ancient times and that of today.”可知，人们遭受许多新疾病的主要原因是今天的食物和古代的很不一样。故选D。
26.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Stone-age people hunted wild animals for their meat, which had much less fat than domestic or tame ones. They also ate a lot of fresh wild vegetables and fruits.”可知，根据一些科学家的说法，石器时代的人比今天的人健康得多，因为他们吃了很多野生动物，新鲜的野生蔬菜和水果。故选B。
C
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文，介绍了蜜蜂在大自然中的作用、面临的问题及解决的方法。
27.D 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Honeybees store honey in their hives in order for the bees to have energy for their flight muscles and for heating the hive during the winter period.”可知，蜜蜂储藏蜂蜜是为了增强飞行肌肉的力量，在冬天为蜂箱加热。
28.C 【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句“These insects are responsible for over 70% of the fruits and vegetables we eat today, including apples, grapes, coffee, beans, and broccoli.”可知，这些昆虫（蜜蜂）负责超过70%的水果和蔬菜的花粉传播，使它们的产量和品质都有提高，由此推断，蜜蜂对水果和蔬菜很重要。
29.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段中的“A key suspect seems to be pesticides…And that’s why the majority of worker bees disappear and leave behind…”可知，造成蜜蜂离开蜂巢的原因是农药的滥用。
30.A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句和第二句“Actually, there are a variety of methods to help the bee population grow. One way is to start your own organic garden by planting bee-friendly plants.”可推断，下面的段落很可能会继续讨论增加蜜蜂数量的方法，也就是挽救蜜蜂的另一种方法。
第二节
语篇导读：本文是一篇说明文。从高中到大学，再到工作，各种最后期限的压力会接踵而至，怎样才能掌控和利用好各项任务中的截止日期呢？本文从三个方面进行了阐释。
31.E 【解析】上文列出了如果超出最后期限所产生的后果，下文又说出了几点好的实践，故空白处应起到承接上文，引出下文的作用，而E项符合语境。
32.C 【解析】本段的小标题是“Assign deadlines to what matters.”再根据空前一句的内容可知，正好与C项构成转折关系。
33.A 【解析】根据下文内容可知，在设定最后期限时要灵活、有弹性，为意外情况的发生提前作出计划。
34.G 【解析】空前一句“在实际的最后期限的前一天或两天设定自己的最后期限”可知，这样做的好处是在意外情况发生时，也能及时完成。故选G。
35.F 【解析】根据小标题中的关键词 communicating可知，空格处应选F项。第三部分 语言运用
第一节
语篇导读：本文是一篇议论文。人人都有梦想。我们需要追求梦想，坚持到底，永远不要停止追逐的脚步。
36.C 【解析】每个孩子的梦想都不一样，答案当然也不一样。
37.A 【解析】当你直视他们的眼睛时，你会看到他们眼中满是“兴奋”。后一句谈到他们的眼睛睁得大大的，说明是兴奋。
38.D 【解析】眼睛睁得大大的，谈论起梦想来好像他们丝毫都不怀疑自己会实现梦想。there is no doubt that毫无疑问。
39.B 【解析】你会实现你的梦想吗？live one’s dream实现某人的梦想。
40.B 【解析】随着我们长大，梦想可能也会发生变化。下文的“But life’s circumstances changed all that…”是具体提示。
41.A 【解析】我们所处环境的变化改变了我们看待生活的方式
42.D 【解析】当初眼睛睁得大大的孩子已经成长为成年人。根据上文中的“Their eves are wide…”的提示可知。
43.C 【解析】随着他们长大成熟，他们的梦想也变得成熟。介词with（随着）做伴随状语。
44.A 【解析】“我”一直想成为一名棒球运动员。下一句my dream to be a professional baseball player disappeared.”是具体提示。
45C【解析】当“我”告诉朋友们“我”童年的梦想是什么的时候，他们戏谑地看着“我”，说：“真的吗？”连词as引导时间状语从句
46A【解析】他们脸上有一种怀疑的表情。根据上一句“…they looked at me a little funny, and say…really ”可知，他们根本就不相信。
47.B 【解析】你自己身上也发生过这样的事情吗 sth. happen to sh.某人遇到某事。
48.D 【解析】列奥纳多·达，芬奇、托马斯，爱迪生和查尔斯·巴贝奇等都是梦想家。such as用于列举部分人或事物的名称。
49.B 【解析】所有这些人都有什么共同点？have…in common有…共同之处。
50.A 【解析】他们受过别人鄙视的目光、嘲笑和指责。finger pointing指责，指指点点。
51.C 【解析】但是这些都不能阻止他们对未来的憧憬。prevent sb. from（doing）sth. 阻止某人（做）某事。
52.B 【解析】他们没有偏离梦想的轨道。下文中“Don’t let them knock you off the road you are traveling.”的road为具体提示。
53.D 【解析】其余的97%都住在盒子里。此处盒子指固有的思维模式。根据下一句“Don’t let the boxers yell their ________ talk at you.”中的 boxers可知答案。
54.C 【解析】不要让这些待在盒子里的人对你消极评论。根据下一句“Don’t let them knock you off the road you are traveling.”的提示可知，他们会阻碍你的前进，因此他们对你的评价是消极负面的。
55.D 【解析】坚持不懈，勇往直前朝着既定的目标不断前进。hold the line坚持下去，保持不变。
第二节
语篇导读：本文主要介绍了西方的节日—复活节的来历及复活节彩蛋的相关情况。
56. closer 【解析】考查比较级。根据语境可知，此处 a little修饰比较级，closer表示“更靠近”。
57. are made【解析】考查时态和语态。根据语境可知此处用一般现在时，再结合主语与谓语的关系可知此处表被动。
58. that/which 【解析】考查定语从句。此处that/which引导定语从句，修饰先行词 a festival，并在定语从句中充当主语。
59. giving 【解析】考查动词的-ing形式。其前的by为介词，介词后跟动词的-ing形式。
60. traditional 【解析】考查形容词。此处为形容词修饰名词event做定语。traditional传统的。
61. to 【解析】考查介词。此处为 according to结构，意为“根据……”。
62. but 【解析】考查连词。根据语境可知，并列谓语 was killed与 came back to life之间是转折关系，故用but。
63. why 【解析】考查表语从句。此处why引导表语从句，表示原因。
64. its 【解析】考查代词。此处为形容词性物主代词修饰名词origins。
65. sold 【解析】考查时态。根据其后的时间状语 last year可知，此处应用一般过去时。
第四部分 写作
第一节 应用文写作
One possible version:
Dear Tom,
Congratulations on your being admitted to Oxford University！
I’m grateful and honored to be invited to your celebration party to to be held this Saturday evening. However, much to my regret, I have to decline your kind invitation. As you know, a Chinese Poetry Competition is being held in our school and I have successfully entered the final round competition, which happens to be scheduled on this Saturday and will not end until late into the evening. It’s a great pity that I can’t make it to your party. But I’ve prepared a gift for you and hopefully you will like it.
May your party be a great success and enjoy yourself that day！
Love,
Li Hua
第二节 读后续写
Paragraph 1:
One possible version:
My heart beating rapidly, I headed for the register. I paid the dollar for the three items and was about to leave I felt a heavy tap on my shoulder. It was a big detective. “You stole something”, heannounced. Horrified, I took the book out and handed it over. “An encyclopedia ” he asked, somewhat surprised. “Why didn’t you ask your parents to purchase it ” “I did, but they didn’t have the money.” With a sigh, he made me promise to tell my parents about my wrong doing and then let me leave.
Paragraph 2:
One possible version:
Back home, I told my mother what I had promised the detective. Unexpectedly, she didn’t explode as usual, looking extremely anxious. I gathered my courage, apologized and promised that it would never ever happen again. “All will be OK!” said my mother, wrapping me in her arms. Then she told me that she would go to the A&P to tell the detective I had admitted theft. Hours later, when my mother was back home, I noticed a book, World Book Encyclopedia, Volume one on my desk.
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