人教版（2019）必修第二册 Unit4 History and traditions知识总结练习（含答案）

Unit4 知识总结
一、Translate the following Chinese phrases into English.
1. 把……和……联结起来 __________________________________________
2. 脱离英国 ______________________________________________________
3. 被称为…… ____________________________________________________
4. 留下了许多新词汇 ______________________________________________
5. 历史可以追溯到罗马时代 ________________________________________
6. 探索历史遗址 __________________________________________________
7. 古代文物 ______________________________________________________
8. 历史与现代文化的迷人结合 ______________________________________
9. 视觉盛宴 ______________________________________________________
10. 点缀着 _______________________________________________________
二、Complete the sentences with the items given in the box. There is one extra item.
A. ensure B. roar C. scent D. striking
E. philosophy F. philosophy G. generous H. approach
I. descendant J. defence K. surrounded
1. Plato’s The Republic has been voted one of the greatest works of ________ ever written.
2. People who do extreme sports tend to be sensation-seeker and need to ________ the factor.
3. I am not sure if my ideas will be well accepted or if it is appropriate for me to ________ my supervisors with my ideas.
4. The hi-tech umbrella gives off a special ________ that makes you relax and can make you feel like you’re under the sun.
5. For years, the young pop singer has been a(n) ________ supporter of the museum, performing at numerous fund-raising events.
6. The minister insists that the country needs an updated ________ system to defend itself against missile（导弹）attacks.
7. He tried to run away but gave up when he found himself ________.
8. The government will take action to ________ that these organisations do not supply terrorists with weapons of mass destruction（大规模杀伤性武器)
9. He athlete’s pace, ball control, ________ talent and energy have made him one of the best forwards（前锋）in the history of the game.
10. Winning isn’t something that happens suddenly on the field when the whistle blows and the crowds ________, but something that builds physically and mentally every day that you train and every night that you dream.
三、Complete the sentences with a related form of the words in the brackets.
1. Owners who have lost ________ returned to them by good Samaritans（好心人）can voluntarily reward the finder with money equal to 10 percent of the lost items’ value. (belong)
2. When negative remarks are communicated in a mean way, it’s easy to become ________. (defence)
3. Stonehenge（巨石阵），a monument made up of giant stones on a plain in southern England, has always been a source of ________ for British people. (fascinating）
4. The company’s ________ drew further criticism because it failed to provide evidence of how the system actually benefited citizens.（announce)
5. When you make it clear that you value others’ opinion, that instantly makes you a (n) ________ person.（approach)
6. Some scientists wonder whether ________ lies in our upbringing or in our genes.
7. There has been a (n) ________ around the world for scientists to find a vaccine（疫苗）so that more outbreaks can be prevented. (eager）
8. Although we might not realise it, a small thing like a can mean a lot to a person. (greet）
9. The new TV has a smart ________, which can tell if there are people watching it.
10. He was picked to head a ________ government after the rebel forces were destroyed. (transition)
四、Each of the following words has more than one plete sentence with the correct form of the given word. Then fill in the brackets its part of speech（for example, n., v., adj., adv.）and its meaning in Chinese.
1. puzzle
a. Tom spent most of his spare time playing with a colourful ________ called a Rubik’s Cube（魔方）. ( ________;________ )
b. Crop circles（麦田怪圈） ________ farmers and scientists for years, and many believe they are the work of aliens. ( ________;________ )
2. battle
a. In Galaxidi（加拉克西迪）, the flour ________, in which people throw coloured flour at each other until they run out of supplies, marks the end of the local carnival season.
b. He has bravely against cancer for two years.
3. charge
a. They are investigating the man in ________ of the road construction. ( ________;________ )
b. Thanks to the new policy, a number of scenic spots across the country ________ less than before. ( ________;________ )
c. Three students got the idea for a plant-powered device to ________ their cell phones. ( ________;________ )
d. One man ________ with murder in connection with the attacks, which happened three days before. ( ________;________ )
4. approach
a. New ________ to cancer, using gene chips and targeted drugs, may add to the limited treatment used against some of the more hopeless case. ( ________;________ )
b. On noticing a girl standing by herself at one end of the playing field, the school counsellor ________ and asked if she was all right.( ________;________ )
c. In the evening she would look for the best way to ________ a math problem and the following day explain it to us to broaden our minds. ( ________;________ )
四、Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can nly be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.
A. combined B. fascinating C. announced D. representations
E. honoured F. official G. ensured H. practice
I. based J. religious K. ancestors
During the first half of the 19th century, there was no set way of celebrating Christmas, which was not yet a(n) 1 holiday. Communities around the country 2 the day in different ways. Some observed Christmas as an important 3 day. Others celebrated the day with parties, music, drinking and eating. And, some communities did not celebrate the day at all.
But, it was during this this period that Americans began to reinvent the holiday. They 4 ancient Christmas traditions from different cultures with modern American influences.
In 1819, the popular American writer Washington Irving wrote a series of five essays. The essays describe a wealthy British landowner who recreates a traditional Christmas as it would have been celebrated in the distant past by the 5 . Irving praised this looking back to ancient traditions. He seemed to express concern about the lack of such unifying Christmas traditions in modern America.
During the first half of the 19th century, Americans began to slowly shape Christmas into a unifying national holiday. Many immigrants brought Christmas traditions from their own countries. More and more Americans began to follow the European traditions of Christmas trees and giving gifts. German immigrants brought their tradition of putting sweets, toys and 6 lights on the branches of evergreen trees placed in their homes. This tradition of setting up a Christmas tree soon spread to many American homes. So did the 7 of giving people presents. As these traditions increased in popularity, the modern trade and business linked to Christmas also grew.
As Christmas became more popular, some states 8 the day a state holiday. Louisiana was the first state to make the move in 1837. By 1860, 14 other states had followed. It was not until 1870 that President Ulysses Grant made Christmas a federal holiday.
And of course, no discussion of Christmas would be complete without talking about of one holidays most famous 9 , Santa Claus. This character is 10 on the story of Nicholas, a protector of children.
六、Translate the following sentences into English.
1. 那个野心勃勃的国王渴望征服全世界。（eager）
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与去年同期相比，今年的出口总量增长了一倍。（amount）
__________________________________________________________________
我第一次去罗马时，我身边围绕着一群亲切慷慨的当地人。（surround）
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虽然功夫是我们的传统文化，但它和它所有的益处属于全世界。（belong）
__________________________________________________________________
为保证中国文化更具影响力，政府应采取措施提高国产电影质量。（ensure）
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Unit4 参考答案
一、1. join ... to ...
break away from the UK
be referred to as ...
leave behind lots of new vocabulary
have a history dating back to Roman times
explore historic sites
ancient relics
a fascinating mix of history and modern culture
a feast for the eyes
be dotted with
二、1. E 2. F 3. H 4. C 5. G 6. J 7. K 8. A 9. D 10. B
1. belongings 2. defensive 3. fascination 4. announcement 5. approachable
6. generosity 7. eagerness 8. greeting 9. sensor 10. transitional
三、1. a. puzzle n. 智力游戏 b. have puzzled v. 使困惑 2. a. battle n. 战斗 b. battled v. 搏斗
a. charge n. 主管 b. charge v. 收费
c. charge v. 充电 d. was charged v. 控告
4. a. approaches n.方法 b.approached v. 靠近
c. approach v. 着手处理
四、1. F 2. E 3. J 4. A 5. K 6. B 7. H 8. C 9. D 10. I
五、1. The ambitious king was eager to conquer the entire world。
The total amount of the export has doubled, compared with that of the same time last year.
On my first trip to Rome, I was surrounded by a crowd of kind and generous local people.
Although it is our traditional culture, kung fu and all its benefits belong to the whole.
To ensure（that）Chinese culture becomes more influential, the government should take measures to improve the quality of Chinese films.