人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 Unit4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 词汇语法专项训练（有答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 Unit4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures 词汇语法专项训练（有答案） |  | |
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Unit 4 History and Traditions Discovering Useful Structures-Reading for Writing词汇语法专项训练
Part I Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1. As the Spring Festival was approaching, the children were looking forward ________ (eager) to meeting their grandparents in the hometown.
2. I haven’t read either of the articles carefully, but I found that there is a ________ (strike) similarity between them.
3. Women who are ________ (generous) with their money are more likely to suffer from money problems.
4. They had to leave their 3-year-old daughter ________ the charge of their parents when they were busy with their work.
5. Environmentalists fear that this is a short-sighted approach ________ the problem of global warming.
6. In the past twenty years, ________ huge amount of environmental damage has been caused by human activity.
7. ________(ensure) a correct understanding of the new regulations, we need to clarify some ambiguous points of view and put the system into practice.
8. I was eager to have these photos ________ (develop) because I wanted to send them to my mother.
9. In Thailand and other parts of Southeast Asia, the normal greeting is a slight bow with palms ________ (press) together.
10. That programme ________ (mean) to raise funds for farmers in the west of China proves to be an effective approach to solving the problem of poverty.
刷语法填空
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：212 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[安徽部分高中2020高一月考] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Longjing tea, 1 has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its colour, taste and shape, 2 (name) after its region of production--Longjing Village of West Lake. The good environment and water resources are good for the 3 (grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that “Longjing tea is the 4 (good) among all of the teas in the world.”
Thanks 5 Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the tea has earned a high reputation. It is said that Emperor Qianlong visited a mountain of Longjing Village of West Lake on his travels in Hangzhou, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at 6 foot of mountain. He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself.
While 7 (pick) the tea, he received the news of his mother’s illness, so he carelessly put the leaves in his pocket and 8 (leave) Hangzhou for Beijing. He visited his mother 9 (immediate) upon his arrival in Beijing, and his mother smelt the pleasant smell of the tea leaves from his pocket and wanted to have a taste. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely 10 (energy) , and she even praised it as a cure for all illnesses.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：语言文化 词数：302 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[湖南衡阳八中2019高一期中] No one is sure where and when the expression “apple-pie order” began. It’s said that the housewives of New England liked to cut their apples in pieces. Then they filled pie pans with them in an organised way, row upon row. As one writer said, the women of New England loved to have everything in its place. This perhaps explains why it is generally believed that “apple of discord” began in New English.
Another old expression, “apple of discord” , comes from ancient myth（神话）, however. The myth says that all the gods and goddesses were sitting around the table to celebrate the marriage of Thetis and Peleus. One of the goddesses--Eris was a troublemaker. She threw a golden apple on the table to be given as a prize to the most beautiful goddess. It was not an easy decision to make. How could they choose among Hera, Athena and Aphrodite？Paris was given the task of deciding, He decided to give the golden apple to Aphrodite. Hera and Athena were very angry and threatened him. This, the myth says, began the long Trojan War.
At one time, the tomato was called a love apple. That was a mistake. In the sixteenth century, Spain brought the tomato from South America. Spain then sold the tomato to Morocco Italian traders carried it on to Italy. The Italian name for the tomato was “pomo di Moro” -- apple of the Moors. When French growers brought it in from Italy, they thought “di Moro” meant “d’amour”-- the French word for love. And so “pomo di Moro” became the apple of love.
People believe many things about the apple. One belief is that it has great power of keeping people healthy. A very common expression is “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”
Another belief is based on fact. The expression is “One rotten apple spoils the barrel” When an apple begins to go bad, it ruins all the other apples around the box. The expression has come to mean that one bad person in a group can cause everyone to act badly.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about the phrase “apple-pie order”
A. It began in New England.
B. Nobody’s sure where and when it began.
C. Everyone is sure where it began.
D. It has been put into use recently.
2. What’s the meaning of “apple of discord”
A. Cause of disagreement.
B. Situation of danger.
C. Everything in agreement.
D. Everything in good order.
3. What’s the purpose of the third paragraph
A. To show us a mistaken idea.
B. To tell us a love story about apple.
C. To explain how the tomato was called the apple of love.
D. To show how the tomato was brought in from South America.
4. Which of the following expressions is about health
A. Apple of discord.
B. Apple-pie order.
C. One rotten apple spoils the barrel.
D. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
答案解析
刷单句填空
1. eagerly 句意为：随着春节的临近，孩子们热切地盼望见到在家乡的祖父母。修饰动词作状语应用副词。故填 eagerly。
2. striking 句意为：这两篇文章我都没有仔细读过，但我发现它之间有惊人的相似之处。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词striking意为“显著的，惊人的” 。
3. more generous 句意为：在金钱方面，越大方的女性越可能遭遇经济麻烦。根据句意，应用比较级。故填 more generous。
4. in 句意为：忙于工作时，他们不得不将三岁的女儿留给父母照看。in the charge of意为“由……掌管（负责）”。故填in。
5. to 句意为：环境保护主义者担心这并非解决全球变暖问题的长久之计。approach to…为固定搭配，意为“…的方法”。故填to。
6. a 句意为：在过去的二十年里，人类活动已经造成了大量的环境破坏。a huge amount of意为“大量的（接不可数名词）”。故填a。
7. To ensure 句意为：为了确保正确地理解新法规，我们需要讲清楚一些模棱两可的观点，并将该制度付诸实践。结合句意可知，设空处作目的状语，所以应用不定式。故填 To ensure。
8. developed 句意为：我很想冲洗这些照片，因为我想把它们寄给我妈妈。设空处应用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，develop与宾语 photos是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填developed。
9. pressed 句意为：在泰国和东南亚其他地区，平常的问候就是双手合十，轻微鞠一下躬。此处应用非谓语动词作wih复合结构中的宾补，press与宾语是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填 pressed。
10. meant 句意为：事实证明，那个旨在为中国西部的农民筹集资金的项目是一个解决贫困问题的有效途径。be meant to do sth意为“旨在做某事”，设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，mea与所修饰词 That programme是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填 meant。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了龙井茶和与之相关的一个历史传说。
1. which 句意为：龙井茶以其色泽、口味和品相位居中国十大名茶之首，它以其产地—西湖龙井村命名。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是 Longjing tea，指物，故用 which引导该从句。
2. is named 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处为句子的谓语，句子主语 Longjing tea是第三人称单数形式，和name之间是被动关系，陈述客观事实，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is named。
3. growth 句意为：良好的环境与优质的水源适宜茶叶的生长，证实了“龙井茶是世界上最好的茶”这一说法。设空处作介词for的宾语，其前有定冠词the，应用名词形式，故填growth。
4. best 句意见上一题解析。设空处前有the，设空处后有比较范围 among all of the teas in the world，故此处表示最高级，应填best。
5. to 句意为：多亏了清朝乾隆皇帝，龙井茶才享此盛誉。thanks to为固定搭配，意为“多亏了……”，故填to。
6. the 句意为：…他看到一些妇女在山脚下采摘茶叶。at the foot of为固定短语，意为“在…底部/下端”，故填the
7. picking 句意为：当他采摘茶叶的时候，收到了母亲身体抱恙的消息，于是无意间把茶叶放到了口袋里，从杭州动身回京。本句为 while引导的时间状语从句的省略，省略了主语he和助动词was，补充完整应为 While he was picking the tea…，故填 picking。
【知识拓展】状语从句的省略
在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，可以用省略结构。省略必须具备两个条件：（1）主句的主语与从句的主语一致或从句的主语是it ；（2）从句的谓语含有be动词。此时可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
8. left 句意见上一题解析。设空处是分句的并列谓语，与put之间为并列关系，所以应用一般过去时，故填left。
9. immediately 句意为：他一回京便去看望母亲……设空处修饰动词 visited，应用副词。故填 immediately。
【易错警示】
注意，以-e结尾的形容词变副词时直接加-ly即可。常见词中只有tne比较特殊，它的副词形式为 truly。
10. energetic 句意为：喝了一杯茶后，她觉得自己精力十分充沛，她甚至称赞这是治愈一切疾病的良药。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，设空处前有副词 completely修饰，应用形容词作宾补，故填 energetic。
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个关于“apple”的表达及其相关的背景。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 No one is sure where and when the expression“apple-pie order”began.可知，没有人知道“appe pie order”这个短语起源于何时何地，故选B项。
2. A 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，不和女神厄里斯把一个金苹果扔到桌子上，作为对最美女神的奖励，帕里斯最后将苹果给了阿佛洛狄忒，另外两位女神非常生气；此事引发了特洛伊战争。由此可推知，“apple of discord”的意思是“引起争端的原因；不和的种子”。故选A项。
3. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 At one time，the tomato was called a love apple.That was a mistake.可知，第三段主要是解释为什么西红柿一度被称为“a love apple”。故选C项。
4. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 One belief is that it great power of keeping people healthy.A very common expression “An apple a day keeps the doctor away."可知，“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”这个表达是和健康有关的。故选D项。
2 / 2
Part I Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
1. As the Spring Festival was approaching, the children were looking forward ________ (eager) to meeting their grandparents in the hometown.
2. I haven’t read either of the articles carefully, but I found that there is a ________ (strike) similarity between them.
3. Women who are ________ (generous) with their money are more likely to suffer from money problems.
4. They had to leave their 3-year-old daughter ________ the charge of their parents when they were busy with their work.
5. Environmentalists fear that this is a short-sighted approach ________ the problem of global warming.
6. In the past twenty years, ________ huge amount of environmental damage has been caused by human activity.
7. ________(ensure) a correct understanding of the new regulations, we need to clarify some ambiguous points of view and put the system into practice.
8. I was eager to have these photos ________ (develop) because I wanted to send them to my mother.
9. In Thailand and other parts of Southeast Asia, the normal greeting is a slight bow with palms ________ (press) together.
10. That programme ________ (mean) to raise funds for farmers in the west of China proves to be an effective approach to solving the problem of poverty.
刷语法填空
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：212 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[安徽部分高中2020高一月考] 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Longjing tea, 1 has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its colour, taste and shape, 2 (name) after its region of production--Longjing Village of West Lake. The good environment and water resources are good for the 3 (grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that “Longjing tea is the 4 (good) among all of the teas in the world.”
Thanks 5 Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty, the tea has earned a high reputation. It is said that Emperor Qianlong visited a mountain of Longjing Village of West Lake on his travels in Hangzhou, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at 6 foot of mountain. He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself.
While 7 (pick) the tea, he received the news of his mother’s illness, so he carelessly put the leaves in his pocket and 8 (leave) Hangzhou for Beijing. He visited his mother 9 (immediate) upon his arrival in Beijing, and his mother smelt the pleasant smell of the tea leaves from his pocket and wanted to have a taste. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely 10 (energy) , and she even praised it as a cure for all illnesses.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：语言文化 词数：302 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[湖南衡阳八中2019高一期中] No one is sure where and when the expression “apple-pie order” began. It’s said that the housewives of New England liked to cut their apples in pieces. Then they filled pie pans with them in an organised way, row upon row. As one writer said, the women of New England loved to have everything in its place. This perhaps explains why it is generally believed that “apple of discord” began in New English.
Another old expression, “apple of discord” , comes from ancient myth（神话）, however. The myth says that all the gods and goddesses were sitting around the table to celebrate the marriage of Thetis and Peleus. One of the goddesses--Eris was a troublemaker. She threw a golden apple on the table to be given as a prize to the most beautiful goddess. It was not an easy decision to make. How could they choose among Hera, Athena and Aphrodite？Paris was given the task of deciding, He decided to give the golden apple to Aphrodite. Hera and Athena were very angry and threatened him. This, the myth says, began the long Trojan War.
At one time, the tomato was called a love apple. That was a mistake. In the sixteenth century, Spain brought the tomato from South America. Spain then sold the tomato to Morocco Italian traders carried it on to Italy. The Italian name for the tomato was “pomo di Moro” -- apple of the Moors. When French growers brought it in from Italy, they thought “di Moro” meant “d’amour”-- the French word for love. And so “pomo di Moro” became the apple of love.
People believe many things about the apple. One belief is that it has great power of keeping people healthy. A very common expression is “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”
Another belief is based on fact. The expression is “One rotten apple spoils the barrel” When an apple begins to go bad, it ruins all the other apples around the box. The expression has come to mean that one bad person in a group can cause everyone to act badly.
1. Which of the following is TRUE about the phrase “apple-pie order”
A. It began in New England.
B. Nobody’s sure where and when it began.
C. Everyone is sure where it began.
D. It has been put into use recently.
2. What’s the meaning of “apple of discord”
A. Cause of disagreement.
B. Situation of danger.
C. Everything in agreement.
D. Everything in good order.
3. What’s the purpose of the third paragraph
A. To show us a mistaken idea.
B. To tell us a love story about apple.
C. To explain how the tomato was called the apple of love.
D. To show how the tomato was brought in from South America.
4. Which of the following expressions is about health
A. Apple of discord.
B. Apple-pie order.
C. One rotten apple spoils the barrel.
D. An apple a day keeps the doctor away.
答案解析
刷单句填空
1. eagerly 句意为：随着春节的临近，孩子们热切地盼望见到在家乡的祖父母。修饰动词作状语应用副词。故填 eagerly。
2. striking 句意为：这两篇文章我都没有仔细读过，但我发现它之间有惊人的相似之处。设空处修饰名词，应用形容词striking意为“显著的，惊人的” 。
3. more generous 句意为：在金钱方面，越大方的女性越可能遭遇经济麻烦。根据句意，应用比较级。故填 more generous。
4. in 句意为：忙于工作时，他们不得不将三岁的女儿留给父母照看。in the charge of意为“由……掌管（负责）”。故填in。
5. to 句意为：环境保护主义者担心这并非解决全球变暖问题的长久之计。approach to…为固定搭配，意为“…的方法”。故填to。
6. a 句意为：在过去的二十年里，人类活动已经造成了大量的环境破坏。a huge amount of意为“大量的（接不可数名词）”。故填a。
7. To ensure 句意为：为了确保正确地理解新法规，我们需要讲清楚一些模棱两可的观点，并将该制度付诸实践。结合句意可知，设空处作目的状语，所以应用不定式。故填 To ensure。
8. developed 句意为：我很想冲洗这些照片，因为我想把它们寄给我妈妈。设空处应用非谓语动词作宾语补足语，develop与宾语 photos是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填developed。
9. pressed 句意为：在泰国和东南亚其他地区，平常的问候就是双手合十，轻微鞠一下躬。此处应用非谓语动词作wih复合结构中的宾补，press与宾语是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填 pressed。
10. meant 句意为：事实证明，那个旨在为中国西部的农民筹集资金的项目是一个解决贫困问题的有效途径。be meant to do sth意为“旨在做某事”，设空处应用非谓语动词作后置定语，mea与所修饰词 That programme是逻辑上的被动关系，所以应用过去分词。故填 meant。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了龙井茶和与之相关的一个历史传说。
1. which 句意为：龙井茶以其色泽、口味和品相位居中国十大名茶之首，它以其产地—西湖龙井村命名。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句并在从句中作主语，先行词是 Longjing tea，指物，故用 which引导该从句。
2. is named 句意见上一题解析。分析句子结构可知，设空处为句子的谓语，句子主语 Longjing tea是第三人称单数形式，和name之间是被动关系，陈述客观事实，故此处应用一般现在时的被动语态，故填 is named。
3. growth 句意为：良好的环境与优质的水源适宜茶叶的生长，证实了“龙井茶是世界上最好的茶”这一说法。设空处作介词for的宾语，其前有定冠词the，应用名词形式，故填growth。
4. best 句意见上一题解析。设空处前有the，设空处后有比较范围 among all of the teas in the world，故此处表示最高级，应填best。
5. to 句意为：多亏了清朝乾隆皇帝，龙井茶才享此盛誉。thanks to为固定搭配，意为“多亏了……”，故填to。
6. the 句意为：…他看到一些妇女在山脚下采摘茶叶。at the foot of为固定短语，意为“在…底部/下端”，故填the
7. picking 句意为：当他采摘茶叶的时候，收到了母亲身体抱恙的消息，于是无意间把茶叶放到了口袋里，从杭州动身回京。本句为 while引导的时间状语从句的省略，省略了主语he和助动词was，补充完整应为 While he was picking the tea…，故填 picking。
【知识拓展】状语从句的省略
在时间、条件、让步、方式等状语从句中，可以用省略结构。省略必须具备两个条件：（1）主句的主语与从句的主语一致或从句的主语是it ；（2）从句的谓语含有be动词。此时可以省略从句的主语和be动词。
8. left 句意见上一题解析。设空处是分句的并列谓语，与put之间为并列关系，所以应用一般过去时，故填left。
9. immediately 句意为：他一回京便去看望母亲……设空处修饰动词 visited，应用副词。故填 immediately。
【易错警示】
注意，以-e结尾的形容词变副词时直接加-ly即可。常见词中只有tne比较特殊，它的副词形式为 truly。
10. energetic 句意为：喝了一杯茶后，她觉得自己精力十分充沛，她甚至称赞这是治愈一切疾病的良药。此处为“find+宾语+宾补”结构，设空处前有副词 completely修饰，应用形容词作宾补，故填 energetic。
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几个关于“apple”的表达及其相关的背景。
1. B 细节理解题。根据第一段中的 No one is sure where and when the expression“apple-pie order”began.可知，没有人知道“appe pie order”这个短语起源于何时何地，故选B项。
2. A 推理判断题。根据第二段可知，不和女神厄里斯把一个金苹果扔到桌子上，作为对最美女神的奖励，帕里斯最后将苹果给了阿佛洛狄忒，另外两位女神非常生气；此事引发了特洛伊战争。由此可推知，“apple of discord”的意思是“引起争端的原因；不和的种子”。故选A项。
3. C 推理判断题。根据第三段中的 At one time，the tomato was called a love apple.That was a mistake.可知，第三段主要是解释为什么西红柿一度被称为“a love apple”。故选C项。
4. D 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的 One belief is that it great power of keeping people healthy.A very common expression “An apple a day keeps the doctor away."可知，“An apple a day keeps the doctor away.”这个表达是和健康有关的。故选D项。
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