人教版（2019）必修第二册 Unit1 Teenage life单元考点突破学案（有答案）

名师原创：Unit1 单元考点突破
●词汇精讲
1. former adj. 以前的：minor)；前任的；前面的；（两者中）前面的
【原句再现】
By studying old photos of the former palace, they have made the new one look exactly like the old one. （教材p2）
【词块积累】
in the former case 在前一种情况下
the former…. The latter….前者….后者….
the former president 前任总统
formerly adv. 以前；从前
【精品例句】
He is my former colleague. 他是我以前的同事
The former option would be much more sensible than the latter one.
前一种选择要比后一种选择明智得多
She has a cat and a dog; she likes the former.
她有一只猫和一条狗，她喜欢前者
【高考链接】
Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comes from, understand that every bite put into our mouths was ____ alive. (浙江卷)
A. steadily B. instantly C. formerly D. permanently (C)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Many people support the ______________ (formerly) plan, but personally I am in favor of the latter one. (former)
2. preserve vt. 保护；保存；贮存n. 保护区
【原句再现】
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. （教材p4）
【词块积累】
preserve our eyesight 保护我们的视力
preserve order 保持秩序
preserve food 保存食物
preserve fruit 贮存水果
preserve forest 保护森林
preserve peace 维护和平
preservation 保护；保存
【精品例句】
These eighteenth-century oil paintings are preserved so well that the visitors are greatly amazed.
这些十八世纪的油画保存得那么好，使参观者大为惊叹
In wilderness is the preservation of the world. 世界存留于荒野之中
Three natural preserves were set up in the area. 那里建起了三个自然保护区
【高考链接】
-- The town is so beautiful! I just love it.
-- Me too. The character of the town is well ______. (江苏卷)
A. qualified B. preserved C. decorated D. simplified (B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Nowadays the government focuses on the ___ (preserve) cultural heritages. (preservation)
3. take part in…参与(某事)；参加(某活动)
【原句再现】
A group of high school students who are taking part in an international youth camp at Mount Tai. (教材P3)
【词块积累】
play a part in….在……中扮演角色；在……中起作用
take part 参加(不跟宾语)
take an active part in …. 积极参加……
take part in…= participate in…= join in….参加某项活动
【精品例句】
Generally speaking，boys take an active part in sports.
一般来说，男孩子积极参加体育活动
It goes without saying that taking an active part in social activities can broaden our horizons.不言而喻，积极参加社会活动能开阔我们的眼界
Students should take part in sports activities for good health.
学生们为了身体健康应该参加体育活动
You don't need strength to take part in this sport．
参加这项运动你不需要太多体力
5G will play an important part in our life in the near future.
在不久的将来，5G将在我们的生活中起着重要作用
【高考链接】
There is an English speech contest ______ which my teacher encourages me to take part.
(陕西卷) (in)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Bill took active _____ part in the sports meeting. (an)
4. balance vt. 使平衡；权衡 n．平衡；均匀
【原句再现】
Finding and keeping the right balance between progress and the protection of cultural sites can be a big challenge. (教材P4)
【词块积累】
keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
a sense of balance 平衡感
out of balance 不平衡
keep the balance of... 保持……的平衡
balanced adj. 平稳的；安定的；和谐的
keep a balanced diet 保持均衡的饮食
balance...and/with... 同等重视/兼顾……和……
balance sth. against sth.使……与……抵消；权衡……与……
【精品例句】
Weight it on the balance. 在称/天平上称它的重量
Athletes need a good sense of balance. 运动员要有良好的平衡感
I think it is important to have a balance between study and a social life, so I’m going to join a few club. 我认为保持学习和社交平衡很重要， 所以我打算参加几个俱乐部
They are due to pay the balance on delivery. 他们必须将余款在到货时付清
The hospital needs to balance the budget each year.
医院每年都使预算保持平衡
Hobbies help people balance between work and play.
业余爱好有助于人们平衡工作和娱乐
He lost his balance and hurt himself when he went upstairs.
他上楼时失去了平衡，伤了自己
It is very difficult for me to keep a balance between social activities and studies.
让我在社交活动与学习之间保持平衡非常困难
She tries to balance home life and career.
她试图兼顾家庭生活和事业
【高考链接】
You are working too hard. You’d better keep a ________ between work and relaxation. (天津卷) A. promise B. lead C. balance D. diary (C)
【考点训练】
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
When he was running after his brother, the boy lost his ________ and had a bad fail.
A. information B. message C. care D. balance (D)
5. lead to 导致；造成(后果)；通向……
【原句再现】
But the proposal led to protests. (教材P4)
【词块积累】
lead sb. to＋someplace　带领某人到某地
lead sb. to do sth. 使/带领某人做某事
lead to sb doing sth. 促使/致使某人做某事
lead a happy life 过着幸福的生活
lead the way 引路，带路
【精品例句】
Such a mistake would perhaps lead to disastrous results.
这样一种错误可能导致灾难性的后果
All roads lead to Rome. 条条大路通罗马
Too much work and too little rest often lead to illness.
过量的工作和过少的休息会引起疾病
But in cities, limited space has led to people looking for new solutions.
但是在城市里，有限的空间已经致使人们寻找新的解决方案
The long hot summer has led to serious water shortages.
漫长而炎热的夏季已经导致了严重的水源短缺
【高考链接】
Our English teacher has a strange way of leading us ________ (study) English actively.(福建卷) (to study)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
This street leads you _____ the station and you can find the supermarket nearby. (to)
6. likely adj. 可能的 adv.可能地
【原句再现】
Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt's cultural heritage. (教材P4)
【词块积累】
温馨提示：likely的主语既可以是人或物，也可以是it, 其结构为：
①sb/sth. is likely t o do sth.
②it is likely + that从句
Not likely! (表示强烈的否定) 绝不可能!才不呢!
辨析：likely、probable和possible
likely主语可以是人也可以是物。常用于“It is likely that ... 或sb./sth. be likely to do ...”句型中，但不能说“It is likely for sb. to do sth.”
possible主语不能是人，常用句式为“It is possible for sb. to do sth.”或“It is possible that ...”
probable不能用人或不定式作主语，常用句式为“It is probable that ...”
【精品例句】
It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.
如果继续吸烟，你的身体健康可能会受到损害。
The more you hurry, the less progress you are likely to make.欲速则不达。
My parents is very likely not to allow me to go.
＝It is very likely that my parents will not allow me to go.
我父母很可能不会让我去。
Is it likely/possible/probable that we can finish the task in such a short time
＝Is it possible for us to finish the task in such a short time
我们有可能在这么短的时间内完成这项任务吗？
If you can find suitable learning methods, your learning efficiency is likely to improve.
如果你能找到合适的学习方法，学习效率就很可能会提高
The more exposed young people are to financial issues, the more likely they are to become responsible. 年轻人接触的财务问题越多， 越有可能变得有责任心
When one wolf starts to howl, very likely others will follow.当一只狼嚎叫起来，其他的狼很可能也跟着叫
【高考链接】
Studies show that people are more _____ to suffer from back problems if they always sit before computer screens for long hours. (陕西卷)
A. likely B. possible C. probable D. sure (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式
--Would she mind playing against her former teammates
-- Not _______ (like)! She is outgoing. (likely)
If one is late for a job interview, it is not_______ ( like) that he will get the job. (likely)
7. turn to…向……求助；致力于；翻到(书的某页)；查阅；转向；从事于…
【原句再现】
After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem，and citizens who lived near the dam，the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. (教材P4)
【词块积累】
turn around/round 转过去；转身
turn up 调高；出现
turn down 调低；拒绝
turn in 上交
turn out 生产；制造；结果是……
【精品例句】
When they turned to Page 30，they found the answers.
他们翻到30页时，找到了答案
Please turn to the police for help when you are in trouble.
当你遇到困难时请向警察求助
More and more people turn to computer science.
越来越多的人从事计算机科学
【高考链接】
The meeting has already begun，but the chairman hasn't turned ___ yet.(江西课改卷) (up)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The teachers are those who you can turn ___ for help when you are in trouble. (to)
Some suggestions were turned ______ by the committee. (down)
The person I spoke to turned _____ to be our new teacher. (out)
8. limit n. 界限; 边界; 限度; 限制; 极限; vt. 限制; 限定
【原句再现】
A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. (教材P4)
【词块积累】
limitable adj.可限制的
limitless adj.无限(制)的
limited adj.有限的;不多的
limitation n. 限制; 局限
in the city limits在市区内
within a twenty-mile limit二十英里范围内
a time / speed limit时间/速度限制
within limits of…在…范围内
limit ...to…将.限制在(某范围内)
There is no limit to... ……是无限的
without limit 无限(制)地
【精品例句】
He tried my patience to its limits. 他把我的耐心逼到了极限
I'm willing to help, within limits. 我愿意适度地帮忙
Some countries even limit the number of visitors to their country each year
一些国家甚至限制每年到他们国家的游客数量
A lack of formal education will limit your job opportunities.
缺乏正规教育会限制你的就业机会
I believe teaching should not be limited to the classroom.
我认为教学不应该局限于教室之内
I limit myself to two cups of coffee a day. 我只允许自己一天喝两杯咖啡
The amount of money we have is limited. 我们现有的钱
【高考链接】
Knowledge and learning are important if we want to be successful, but they may also our thinking. (湖北卷)
direct B. limit C. change D. improve (B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
This dictionary uses a _____ (limit) number of words, around 2,000, in its definitions. (limited)
You should limit your speed ____ 70 kilometer per hour. (to)
9. prevent vt. 阻止；阻碍；阻挠
【原句再现】
A committee was established to limit damage to the Egyptian buildings and prevent the loss of cultural relics. (教材P4)
【词块积累】
prevent + 宾语 + （from）doing sth.
stop + 宾语 + （from）doing sth.
keep + 宾语 + from doing sth.
以上三个词组都是 “阻止……做某事”
温馨提示：
※ prevent/stop + 宾语 + (from) doing sth. 结构用于主动语态时，from 可以省略，
用于被动结构时 from 不可省略
※ Keep + 宾语 + from doing sth. 这一结构无论用于主动语态还是被动语态from都不能省略
比较：protect...from/against...保护……不受……侵袭 (from后接可能带来伤害或损害之物)
【精品例句】
Bad weather prevented me from setting out to enjoy the holiday.
恶略天气阻挡了我外出度假
Pollution prevents people from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. 污染使人们看不到在过去很容易看到的天空中的物体
There were many ways to prevent this from happening.有多种方法可以预防此事发生
Actually，there are grammatical mistakes made by students that keep them from writing good compositions. 其实，学生犯的语法错误阻止了他们写出好的习作
They were stopped/prevented/kept from entering the burning building.
他们被拦在了燃烧着的大楼的外面
We were prevented from attending Professor Li's lecture by the heavy rain.
大雨使我们没能参加李教授的演讲
Her sudden arrival prevented him from going out.
她的突然到来使他不能外出
【高考链接】
Social attention should be paid to preventing our earth from ______ (pollute). ( 陕西卷)
( being polluted)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Social phobia (社交恐惧症) prevents people _____ (make) the normal，everyday mistakes that may help them improve their skills even further. 【(from) making】
She was prevented _______ taking the exam by illness. (from)
10. contribution n. 捐款; 捐献物; 贡献; 稿件; 作品
【原句再现】
The group asked for contributions from different departments and raised funds within the international community. (教材P4)
【词块积累】
contributor n 捐款人; 撰稿人; 起作用的因素
contribute vt. 捐献; 捐赠
contribute (sth) to sth 对….奉献…；投稿
contribute (money) to the Red Cross向红十字会捐钱
contribute to …对…做出贡献，对….起作用
【精品例句】
It was generous of her to con tribute such a large sum of money.
她很大方，捐了这么一大笔钱
He never contributes (ideas) to the discussion. 他在讨论时从不发表意见
Alcohol contributes to 100, 000 deaths a year in the US.
在美国，酒精每年造成10万人死亡
Stress is a contributing factor in many illnesses.
压力是诸多疾病的致病因素
She contributed a number of articles to the magazine.
她给这家杂志撰写了许多文章
I gave a contribution of $100 to / toward the church. 我给教堂捐了1 00美元
This is a magazine with contributions from well-known travel writers.
这是一本由著名旅行作家撰稿的杂志。
【高考链接】
I admire Edison a lot because of his great contribution ________ the world. (湖南卷)
(to/toward)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Immigrants have contributed ________the British culture in many ways. (to/toward)
11. attempt n．& vt.企图；试图；尝试
【原句再现】
Why did the Egyptian government want to attempt the building of the dam (教材P5)
【词块积累】
attempted adj. 企图的，未遂的
attempt at doing sth./to do sth.　尝试或努力做某事
make an attempt to do/at doing sth. 尝试或努力做某事
at one's/the first attempt 第一次尝试
make no attempt to do sth. 不做任何尝试
【精品例句】
He didn’t attempt the last question in the examination.
在考试中，他放弃了最后一道题
In an attempt to attract more customers，they took a variety of measures.
为了吸引更多顾客，他们采取了各种措施
The two friends made an unsuccessful attempt at a compromise.
这两个朋友试图和解但未成功
Two factories were closed in an attempt to cut costs.
为削减费用，关闭了两家工厂
【高考链接】
A man is being questioned in relation to the ____ murder last night. (全国卷)
A. advised B. attended C. attempted D. admitted (C)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He made an attempt ______ (pass) the 2019 College Entrance Examination，but he didn't succeed in the end. (to pass)
12. worthwhile adj. 值得做的；值得花时间的
【原句再现】
A lot of money was spent to protect the temples. Do you think it was worthwhile (教材P5)
【词块积累】
It is worthwhile to do sth./doing sth. 做某事是值得的
联系：worth和worthy
be worth sth. 值…
be worth doing sth. 值得做
It is worth doing sth. 值得做
be worthy of sth. 值…
be worthy of being done
=be worthy to be done值得（被）…
【精品例句】
The old stamp is worth about 5000yuan. 这枚邮票值5000元左右
Although we take an hour a day for exercise, it is well worth it.
虽然我们每天都要锻炼一个小时，但一切都是值得的
It is worth visiting the art museum. 那个美术馆值得一去
It is worthwhile comparing/to compare prices. 有必要比较一下价格
His achievements are worthy of the highest praise. 他的成就值得给予最高奖赏
The young man is worthy to be taught. 孺子可教
The movie is worthy of being seen once more. 这部电影值得再看
His daughter felt it more than worthwhile to save his music.
他的女儿觉得保存他的音乐很有价值
It is worthwhile to discuss the problem further.
进一步讨论这个问题是值得的
Thank you for making my visit worthwhile.
谢谢你让我的拜访如此值得
【高考链接】
Mistakes don’t just happen; they occur for a reason. Find out the reason, and then making the mistake becomes ____. (湖北卷)
A. favorable B. precious C. essential D. worthwhile (D)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Good opinions are worth __ (stick) to because they can benefit us all. (浙江卷) (sticking)
●其它重要考点简析
13. give way to…= give in to…屈服，让步
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new, and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. （教材p4）
The company finally gave way to the customer’s complaints.
14. make a proposal 提出建议
In the 1950s, the Egyptian government made a proposal in order to build a new dam across the Nile River to control floods, produce electricity, and supply water to more farmers in the area. But the proposal led to protest. （教材p4）
He made a proposal that the meeting (should) be postponed.
15. donate…to…向…捐赠…
Fifty countries donated nearly $80 million to the project. （教材P4）
The retired man donated most of his savings to the school damaged by the earthquake.
●句型点拨
1. …a time when...“一个……的时期”
【原句再现】
There comes a time when the old must give way to the new，and it is not possible to preserve everything from our past as we move towards the future. (教材P4)
句式分析：a time when...“一个……的时期”，when引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a time。
【句式拓展】
there was a time when... 曾有一段时间……
there comes a time when... ……的时期到了
【精品例句】
There was a time when she was very sad.
曾经有一段时间她很悲伤
There comes a time when children must leave home and spread their wings.
总有一天，孩子们必须离家施展他们自己的才能
There comes a time when teenagers learn English on the Internet.
青少年在网上学英语的时代到来了
That was a time when telephones hadn't been invented.
那是一个电话还没有被发明的时期
There comes a time when one must be responsible for his/her mistakes.
到了一个人要为自己所犯的错负责的时候了
It was a time when anything seemed possible.
那是一个任何事都可能会发生的时代
【高考链接】
There was a time ____ women were not allowed to go to school. （陕西卷） (when)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
This was ______ time when there were still slaves in the USA. (a)
2. not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”
【原句再现】
Not only had the countries found a path to the future that did not run over the relics of the past，but they had also learnt that it was possible for countries to work together to build a better tomorrow. (教材P4)
句式分析：not only...but also...“不仅……而且……”用作并列连词，相当于“not just...but also...”。
【知识拓展】
※ not only... but also...结构常用来连接并列成分，如两个主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语或句子，在意义上强调后者，其中also可以省略。
※ “not only...but also...”连接主语时，谓语动词的数遵循就近原则。
※ 当not only 位于句首连接两个句子时，第一个分句要用部分倒装，第二个分句不倒装。
【精品例句】
Not only did they lose their way，but also they had no money.
他们不但迷路了，而且没有钱
Not only the child but also his parents are enjoying the film．
不仅是这个孩子，还有他的父母也在欣赏这部电影
They not only broke into his office but (also) tore up his papers.
他们不仅闯进了他的办公室，而且撕碎了他的文件
The British and the Americans not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs.
英国人和美国人不但语言相同，而且有很多相同的社会习俗
Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.
不但学生们反对这个计划，老师也反对
【高考链接】
Not only I but also Tom and Mary _______(be) fond of watching television. (山东卷) (are/were)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Not only _______ he teach at school，but he wrote novels. (did)
●定语从句特辑（详见语法课件）
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