牛津译林版（2019）必修第三册Unit 1 Nature in the balance Welcome to the unit & Reading 课件(共62张PPT)

(共62张PPT)
Welcome + Reading+languagepoints
Unit 1
Nature in the balance
Review
对某物有害
做某事是个好主意/没有坏处
在国外生活/出国
万里挑一的人/物
两米长/宽/高/深
终于，最后；详细地，充分地
从..到..不等
群众,百姓
大众传播媒介
高于；超过；胜过
现场演奏的音乐
对...（没）有影响
do/cause harm to=be harmful to
There is no harm in doing sth. =It is no harm to do sth.
live overseas/go overseas
one in a million
two meters in length/width/height/depth
=two meters long/wide/high/deep
at length=in detail
vary from...to
the masses
mass media
tower over/ above
live music
have/make an /no impact on
Ⅰ.核心词汇
1．________________ n. 土壤；
国土，领土，土地
2．________________ adj. 海外的，国外的
adv. 在海外，向国外
3．________________ n. 地区，区域；
行政区
4．________________ n. 大陆，陆地，洲
5．________________ num. 一百万；
许多，大量
6．________________ n. 生物多样性
7．________________ n. (pl. ) 种，物种
soil
overseas
region
continent
million
biodiversity
species
8．________________ n. 坚果
9．________________ n. 野生动植物，野生生物
10．________________ prep. 在……下面，在……下方；配不上
11．________________ n. 大量；团，块，堆；一大群
adj. 大批的，广泛的
12．________________ adj. 高大的，高耸的；出色的
13．________________ adj. 活着的，活的；在使用的
n. 生计，谋生；生活方式
14．________________ n. 蛙，青蛙
15．________________ n. 昆虫
nut
wildlife
beneath
mass
towering
living
frog
insect
16．________________ n. 碳
17．________________ n. 氧，氧气
18．________________ adv. 因此，从而；这样
19．________________ n. 牛
20．________________ n. 影响，作用；撞击，冲撞
vt.& vi. 有影响；冲击
21．________________ vt.& n. 损坏，破坏，损害，伤害
22．________________ n. 气候；倾向，风气
carbon
oxygen
thus
cattle
impact
damage
climate
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1．________ n．& vt.伤害，损害→________ adj.有害的→________ adj.无害的
2．________ n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→________ adj.& adv.长的；长期地→________ vt.& vi.(使)延长，(使)变长
3．________ n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→________ adj.各种各样的→________ v．相异，变化，多变
4．________ vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难→________ n．幸存→________ n．幸存者
harm
harmful
harmless
length
long
lengthen
variety
various
vary
survive
survival
survivor
5．________ n．营养素，营养物→________ n．营养；营养学→________ adj.有营养的
6．________ vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→________ vi.出现→____________ n．消失；消亡
7．__________ n．农业，农学→ __________ adj.农业的，农艺的
8．________ n．灭绝，绝种→________ adj.灭绝的，绝种的
nutrient
nutrition
nutritious
disappear
appear
disappearance
agriculture
agricultural
extinction
extinct
Ⅰ
Pre-reading
What environmental problems can you find in the pictures
water pollution
rubbish pollution
marine (海洋) pollution
deforestation (滥伐森林)
soil pollution
forest fire
air pollution
loss of biodiversity
climate change
global warming
acid rain (酸雨)
desertification (荒漠化)
What else environmental problems
can you list
Let us not, however, flatter ourselves overmuch on account of our human victories over nature. For each such victory nature takes its revenge on us.
—Friedrich Engels
但是我们不要对我们人类对自然界的胜利过分自以为是。对于每一次这样的胜利，自然界都对我们进行报复。
——弗里德里希·恩格斯
flatter yourself (that…)
2. If something happens overmuch, it happens too much.
3. on account of
4. If you take revenge on someone who has hurt you, you hurt them in return.
自以为是; 高看自己
过度地
= because of 因为；由于
报复
Pre-reading:
Important phrases in Welcome
the human race_________
do harm (to) ___________
cut down _____________
sound the alarm _____________
be thankful for sth ____________
find the solution (to sth) _________
对…有害
人类
砍伐，砍倒
发出警报
对…感激；为…庆幸
找到解决…的方法
Do you know where it is
The world (we live in) is full of natural wonders.
Today we come to know the Amazon rainforest,
which is home to a wide range of wildlife.
When it comes to the Amazon rainforest,
where is it
what plants or animals do you know about
do you know the great fire in 2019 there
Free talk
The World Wildlife Foundation (WWF) says the world's largest rainforest contains millions of species of plants and animals. Many of them are still unknown. Among the best known animals are jaguars, eagles, pink river dolphins, parrots, large snakes and many butterflies. More than 30 million people, including 350 indigenous
and ethnic groups, live in the Amazon area and depend on the forests for food and shelter.
What's in the Amazon
The fires not only destroy parts of the carbon-absorbing forests, but they release millions of metric tons of carbon into the air.
The Amazon rainforest also is important to rainfall in the area. Deforestation makes rains less frequent, extending the dry season.
If 20 to 25 percent of the forest were destroyed, the dry season would expand. That would mean the area would no longer be a rainforest, but a tropical savannah热带稀树草原, or an area with grasslands and few trees.
Unfortunately, we are already seeing signs of the Amazon turning into a savannah.
What do the fires mean to the world's climate
The current fires in the Amazon are not wildfires. They are mostly set illegally by people who are clearing the forest to raise cattle and crops.
People clear the land by cutting down the trees during the rainy season, letting the trees dry out and burning them during the dry season. Fully clearing the thick forest for agricultural use can take several years of cutting and burning.
What is causing the fires
Ⅱ
Fast reading
Passage Structure
Introduction
Basic information
Plant biodiversity
Different levels
Animal biodiversity
Food chain
Importance
& Danger
8
6 million
6,400
40,000
1,300
400
20%
17%
Fast reading: figures
offering facts
What is the purpose of using so many figures
To support the statement and make it more persuasive and convincing.
Think about this question:
Intensive reading
Ⅲ
Para. 1
Welcome to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. This is the Amazon rainforest. As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine balance of the Earth’s ecosystem.
Language points
一大片海洋
充满了
prep. 作为
扮演举足轻重的角色
维持生态平衡：
maintainthe banlance of ecosystem
重点短语
1．________________ 大量的，大片的
2．________________ 充满，到处都是(活的或动的东西)
3．__________________________________
在……中起着重要的作用;在……中扮演重要角色
4． __________________________________ 保持……的微妙平衡
a huge sea of
alive with
play a significant role/part in
maintain the fine balance of...
Para.2:
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent. With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
穿过
南美洲大陆
prep. 具有
注：倍数+名词
twice the popularity of; four times the height of
注：with an income of; with a popuparity of...
超过
Para.2:
The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. They give this area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found here.
prep.+ wh- 非限制性定语从句
已知的
注：过去分词做前置定语，如a detailed story; specified orders
在长度上
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
Basic information about the rainforest
_________ : 8 countries and one overseas region
_________: around 6 million square kilometres of forest
_________: about 6,400 km in length
length
size
location
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
location:
The Amazon rainforest crosses into eight countries, including Brazil and Peru, and one overseas region of France, all on the South American continent.
横越巴西(占森林60%面积)、哥伦比亚、秘鲁、委内瑞拉、厄瓜多尔、玻利维亚、圭亚那、苏里南、法国（法属圭亚那），占世界雨林面积的一半，全球森林面积的20%，是全球最大及物种最多的热带雨林。亚马孙雨林被人们称为“地球之肺”和“绿色心脏”。
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
size:
With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China.
= China is more than twice ____ __________ ____ the Amazon rainforest.
as
big / large
as
Intensive reading: Read carefully and answer questions
Para 2
length:
The Amazon River, from which the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in length — roughy 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems.
重点短语
5． ________________ 超过，很，非常
6． _______________ 在长度上
more than
in length
Read Para. 3 Plant biodiversity
water lily
brazil nut tree
Para.3:
Of the 390,000 plant species known to us, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon. This tall and ancient brazil nut tree produces nuts (that we can eat); these water lilies are big enough to lie down on.
prep. 在...中
可以躺在上面
比较：These water lilies are big enough to lie down on.
These soldiers are tired enough to lie down.
Para.3:
The forest’s different levels support an unbelievable variety of wildlife. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor. The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its own little world, home to different kinds of living things.
在底部
落叶层
prep. 在...表面之下
prep. 在...上面
由...组成
...的家园
I don't want this ______
I can't _______ love
I try to find ________ to pull us apart
It ain't workin' 'cause you're ________
And I know that you're _______ it
I can't walk ________ oh
Even though we're going ________ it
If it makes you feel alone
Just know that I would die for you
Baby I would die for you yeah
feeling
afford
reason
perfect
worth
away
through
Figure out different layers of the forest.
Vertical
/ v t k( )l/
纵向的
Read Para. 3 Plant biodiversity
a system of roots
the tops of
the tallest trees
the mass of
leaf litter
shorter plants
with large leaves
towering ancient hardwoods
The forest’s different levels support a variety of wildlife.
an unbelievable
Home to different kinds of living things
重点短语
7． ____________ 躺在…上面
8． _______________ 各种各样的
9._________________ 一大块,一大堆
10.________________ 由…组成
11.________________ …的家园
lie down on
a variety of
the mass of
be made up of
be home to
Para.4:
More than 1,300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the jungle’s plant life. This jaguar is one example. It has a yellowish-brown coat with black spots. While a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain. They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and fruit. When a jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth.
黄棕色
相应地；转而
数量可观的
以...为食
分解
注：a number of 加不同形容词来表示数量的多寡及程度。例如：
a significant number of; a small number of; a huge number of...
Jaguars
87 species, including frogs
Leaves and fruit
Microorganisms
feed on
break down
feed on
feed on
nutrient
Para. 4 Animal biodiversity & food chain
Insects
Circular
/ s kj l (r)/
循环的
Complete the following chart about the food chain in the rainforest.
giving an example
different plant levels
complicate food chains
offer places to live (habitat)
provide food and nutrients
The reason why Amazon rainforest has the richest biodiversity in the world
the richest biodiversity
12．________________ 以……为食
13．________________ 相应地，转而
14．________________ 使分解(为)，使变化(成)
15．________________ 大量的+可数名词
feed on...
in turn
break down
a number of
Para.5:
The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen. Thus, it is often known as the “lungs of the planet”. Moreover, the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species( that can be used for food or medicine). Yet there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals: us.
为...注入活力
被称作 （be considered as; be recognised as ）
处理碳
生产...氧气
宝库
注：yet adv. 仍然；还 I haven’t realized my goal yet.
conj.然而；但是 Yet I’ll keep trying.
然而
Para.5:
Over the past 50 years, about 17 per cent of the rainforest has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”
注意主谓一致
由于；因为
conj. 因为
面临灭绝的危险；濒危
注：afford to do 承担得起做某事（的后果）
留给我们一个问题
lungs of the planet
Para. 5 Importance & Danger
fix
carbon
produce oxygen
a treasure house of species
2. What is the major threat to the rainforest
1. What is the function of the rainforest to us
Us.
using metaphors
16．__________________
给……带来起色，注入活力
17．________________ 被称作…;作为…出名
18．________________ 由于，因为
19.__________________ 承担得起做…
breathe life into...
be known as...
due to
afford to do
Post-reading
Ⅳ
Ⅳ.重点句型
1．亚马孙雨林面积约600万平方千米，是中国国土面积的一半以上。
With an area of around 6 million square kilometres, the Amazon rainforest ______________________________ China.
2．亚马孙雨林得名自亚马孙河。亚马孙河长约6 400千米，比长江还长约100千米。
The Amazon River, __________ the rainforest gets its name, is close to 6，400 kilometres in length—roughly 100 kilometres longer than the Yangtze River.
3．随着人类活动的影响不断增加，濒危物种的名单越来越长，这留给我们一个问题：我们能承担得起损害“地球之肺”的后果吗？
________ the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question: can we afford to damage the “lungs of the planet”？
is more than half the size of
from which
As
The world we live in is full of amazing w________.
Among them, the Amazon rainforest is a natural treasure,
A huge sea of green _____ with the sounds of animals.
As the largest rainforest in the world, it plays a
s_________ role in m_________ the fine balance of the
Earth’s e__________.
Fill in the blanks according to the script
onders
alive
ignificant
aintaining
ycosystem
The Amazon rainforest c_____ into eight countries and
one o______ region, all on the South America c________.
With an ____ of around 6 million square kilometres, the
Amazon rainforest is more than half the _____ of China.
The Amazon River, ______which the rainforest gets its
name, is close to 6,400 kilometres in l_______—r_______ 100 kilometres l______ than the Yangtze River.
____ its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river
supports many different e__________. They give this area
the r______ biodiversity on the Earth.
rosses
verseas
ontinent
area
size
ength
ougly
onger
On
cosystems
ichest
from
Fill in the blanks according to the script
More than 40,000 plant s______ can be found in the
Amazon. The forest’s different levels support an u_________
variety of wildlife. At the b_____, there is a system of roots
b______ the ground. Above that ___ the mass of leaf litter on
the dark floor. The next level is ___________shorter plants
with large leaves. Then there are the t________ ancient
hardwoods, and finally the tops of the tallest trees many
metres above the ground. Each level of the forest forms its
own little world, ______ to different kinds of living things.
pecies
nbelievable
ottom
eneath
is
made up of
owering
home
Fill in the blanks according to the script
The Amazon rainforest b______ life into the planet by f____
carbon and p________ over 20% of all the Earth’s oxygen.
Thus, it is k_____ as the “lungs of the planet”. M_______,
the Amazon rainforest is a treasure house of species, used for
food or m_______. Yet, there are some hidden unavoidable
dangers to these i_____________ plants and animals. One
danger is that the soil in the Amazon is poor in n_________.
Actually, the poor soil can not support a_________ for more
than a few years. Why is the soil so poor
reathes
ixing
roducing
nown
oreover
edicine
rreplaceable
utrients
gricuture
Fill in the blanks according to the script
_____________, the rainy season’s water _____ away the
nutrients in the soil. For another thing, on _______ of the
hot climate, it is hard for the soil to b_____ ____ enough
nutrients. The nutrients of dead plants and animals are soon
t_____ in by the roots of plants b______ the ground, and
then are l_____ up in the plants themselves, thus _______
(allow) them to grow at an u___________ speed. Finally,
the soil will become poorer with time going by.
takes
uild
up
aken
eneath
ocked
allowing
nbelievabe
account
For one thing
Fill in the blanks according to the script
Another danger is that about 17% of the rainforest has
disappeared ____ ____ ______ of human activities such as
agriculture and cattle f_______. As the impact of human
activities c_______ to grow and the list of species in danger
of e__________ becomes longer, we are l____ with a
question: can we a______ to damage the “lungs of the
planet”
result
arming
ontinue
xtinction
eft
fford
Fill in the blanks according to the script
as
a
Practice
The Amazon rainforest is home to a great (1) of plant life; however, its soil is surprisingly poor in nutrients. In fact, the soil in the region cannot support (2) for more than a few years. If a scientist is shown a report listing the nutrients of that soil, he or she will probably think that only desert plants can (3) in it! Then why is the soil so poor in nutrients For one thing, the rainy season has a(n) (4) on the soil. In the rainy season, the water level can rise to as high as 12 metres. When the water goes away, it takes away the nutrients in the soil. For another thing,
variety
agriculture
survive
impact
Practice
(5) the Amazon’s hot climate, it is difficult for the soil to build up enough nutrients. Dead plants and animals (6) ______________ more quickly. The nutrients are soon taken in by the roots of the plants deep (7)_________ the ground. As a result, most of the forest’s nutrients are locked up in the plants themselves, (8) ________ allowing them to grow at an unbelievable speed.
due to
are broken down
beneath
thus