人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 Unit 5 Music Discovering Useful Structures 素养导学案
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）高中英语必修第二册 Unit 5 Music Discovering Useful Structures 素养导学案 |  | |
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Unit5 Discovering Useful Structures 素养导学案
课前预习区
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1. ________ (found) in 1636, Harvard University is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
2. Throughout history, the language ________ (speak) by a powerful group spreads across a civilization.
3. ________ (drive) by a greater demand of cars, many car manufacturers have decided to produce more.
4. ________ (frighten) by the noise at night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep alone in her room.
5. ________ (separate) from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.
6. Generally speaking, when ________ (take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
7. The teacher came into the lab, ________ (follow) by some students.
8. When ________ (heat), ice will be changed into water.
9. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and ________ (disappoint).
10. Yan’an, a city, which ________ (locate) in Northern Shaanxi Province, has seen great progress in its tourism industry over the past few years.
11. While waiting for the opportunity to get ________ (promote) , Henry did his best to perform his duty.
课中导学区
单元语法
Task过去分词作状语和表语
自主探究
阅读下列句子，注意黑体部分的用法。
1. Everybody was shocked at the news.
2. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
3. Given better attention, the trees could grow better.
4. Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.
5. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
=Because I was hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
6. I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency.
=I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, and was absorbed by its efficiency.
7. When offered help, one often says “Thank you”or “It’s kind of you”.
8. The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.
探究发现
l. 第1句中的过去分词shocked作 ________
2. 第2、3、4句中的过去分词（短语）分别在句子中作 ________ 状语、 ________ 状语、方式状语。作状语的过去分词（短语）和句子的主语之间为逻辑上的关系。
3. 根据第5、6句可知，作状语用的过去分词（短语）可以转化成相应的 ________ 从句或并列句。
4. 根据第7、8句可知，表示时间、条件、方式、比较或让步的状语，可用“ ________ ”结构表示。可用于该结构中的从属连词有when、once、while、if、unless、as if、as、than、though、although等。
Task 1 过去分词作状语
经典例句
仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。
Developed by two doctors in the US Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. 它是一台极好的集水器，由美国农业部的两位博士研制。
Ordered over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. （因为）那些书是一个多星期之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。
We finally climbed onto the top of the hill, completely tired out. 我们最终爬上了山顶，彻底累坏了。
Given another hour, I can also work out this problem. 再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。
Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. 经过多次讨论，这些问题终于被解决了。
Moved by his speech, many people volunteered to help in the work. 许多人被他的讲话感动了，都自愿参加这项工作。
自我归纳
通过观察以上的句子，我们可以看出过去分词可在句中作时间、条件、原因或让步等状语。这时分词动作与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
基础盘点
1. 过去分词作时间、条件、原因、让步等状语时，可转换为对应的状语从句。
Questioned by the police about the fire, the man became tense.
→ The man became tense when he was questioned by the police about the fire.
Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.
→ As it was written in a hurry, this article was not so good.
2. 过去分词作状语，前边可以加when、while、if、unless、once、as if、though等连词，构成“连词+分词”形式。
Though (1) ______ (warn) of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.
3. 过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。试比较：
(2) ______ (see)from the top of the tower，our city looks very beautiful.
(3) ______ (see) from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of the city.
4. 过去分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。
Given another chance, the job could be better done. [误]
Given another chance, I could do the job better. [正]
再给一次机会，我可以把这项工作做得更好。
变式训练
单句填空
(1) The minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ______ (add) that he had enjoyed his stay here.
(2) The meeting, ______ (attend) by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.
(3) The missing boys were last seen ______ (play) near the river.
(4) There was a terrible noise ______ (follow) the sudden burst of light.
(5) ______ (catch) in a heavy rain, George was wet through.
(6)She stood in front of him, with her eyes(fix) on his face.
(7) Football is played in more than 80 countries, ______ (make) it the most popular sport in the world.
(8) He stood there silently, ______ (move) to tears.
(9) When I came back to my hometown ten years later, I found it completely ______ (change).
(10) I want him ______ (finish) the homework in time.
(11) My father had had the house ______ (paint) before we moved in.
(12) The end of the story left me ______ (puzzle).
(13) I turned around because I heard someone ______ (speak) my hometown dialect.
Task 2过去分词作表语
基础盘点
1. 基本用法
过去分词可放在连系动词be、remain、get、feel、seem、look、become等之后作表语，构成“主系表”结构，表示主语所处的状态。
From now on I will not be much too discouraged at failures. 从现在开始，对于失败我不会太气馁。
On the first day of new term, we remained seated, excited, waiting for our new teacher turning up. 在新学期的第一天，我们很兴奋，坐在教室里等待着新老师的到来。
注意：很多作表语的过去分词已经具备了形容词的性质，如tired、amused、pleased等。
2. 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语表示主语的状态，常常在be、get、remain等系动词后；而被动语态则表示被动的动作，由助动词be（有时也用get）加过去分词构成，后面可由by引出动作的执行者。
The window is broken. 窗户破了。（状态）
The window was broken by Tom. 窗户被汤姆打破了。（动作）
注意：被动语态常由much、greatly等副词修饰，而系表结构常由very、quite、rather、too、so等副词修饰。
3. 现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别
英语中某些动词的现在分词多用来修饰物，意为“令人”，而其过去分词多用来指人、人的声音或表情等，表示主语处于某种状态中。
At this very moment, my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining. 就在这时，我的父母回来了，看到所有房间那么整洁，地板光亮，他们十分吃惊。
His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged. 他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
变式训练
单句填空
(1) The ________ look on her face suggested that she was ________ for the scene was ________. (frighten)
(2) The news was ________ and they were all ________ at it. (excite)
(3) The story was ________ and we all felt ________. (encourage)
(4) The film was ________ and the audience were all ________ to tears. (move)
课堂思学区
夯实基础
I. 用过去分词改写下列句子
1. It is generally considered that goods which are bought through computers are much cheaper.
→ It is generally considered that goods are much cheaper.
2. The disc, which is digitally recorded in the studio, sounded fantastic last night.
→ The disc, digitally sounded fantastic last night.
3. The Town Hall which was completed in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time.
→ The Town Hall was the most distinguished building at that time.
4. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it soon changes into water.
→ When a warm room, the piece of ice soon changes into water.
Ⅱ. 用所给动词的适当形式完成下面短文
1. ________ (observe) on the first day of the first lunar month, Chinese Lunar New Year, also2. ________ (call)the Spring Festival, is well 3. ________ (receive) by all the Chinese people all over the world. At the Spring Festival, most people have big meals 4. ________ (cook) by themselves and chat with family members while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday. Besides, people will say “Happy New Year” to express good wishes for the coming New Year. It is also a children’s festival when they are 5. ________ (dress) in their favorite clothes and go to their relatives’ homes with their parents to get lucky money in red envelopes.
参考答案
课前预学区
1. Founded 2. spoken 3. Driven 4. Frightened
5. Having been separated 6. taken 7. followed
8. heated 9. disappointed 10. is located 11. promoted
课中导学区
探究发现1. 表语 2. 原因；条件；动宾
3. 状语 4. 从属连词+过去分词
Task 1自我归纳条件；伴随
基础盘点（1）warned （2）Seen （3）Seeing
变式训练（1）adding （2）attended （3）playing （4）following
（5）Caught （6）fixed （7）making （8）moved
（9）changed （10）to finish （11）painted （12）puzzled
（13）speaking
Task 2
变式训练（l）frightened；frightened；frightening （2）exciting；excited
（3）encouraging；encouraged （4）moving；moved
课堂思学区
夯实基础
I. 1. bought through computers 2. recorded in the studio
3. completed in the 1800s 4. taken into
II. 1. Observed 2. called 3. received
4. cooked 5. dressed
课前预习区
Ⅰ. 单句填空
1. ________ (found) in 1636, Harvard University is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
2. Throughout history, the language ________ (speak) by a powerful group spreads across a civilization.
3. ________ (drive) by a greater demand of cars, many car manufacturers have decided to produce more.
4. ________ (frighten) by the noise at night, the girl didn’t dare to sleep alone in her room.
5. ________ (separate) from other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.
6. Generally speaking, when ________ (take) according to the directions, the drug has no side effect.
7. The teacher came into the lab, ________ (follow) by some students.
8. When ________ (heat), ice will be changed into water.
9. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, and some of them looked very anxious and ________ (disappoint).
10. Yan’an, a city, which ________ (locate) in Northern Shaanxi Province, has seen great progress in its tourism industry over the past few years.
11. While waiting for the opportunity to get ________ (promote) , Henry did his best to perform his duty.
课中导学区
单元语法
Task过去分词作状语和表语
自主探究
阅读下列句子，注意黑体部分的用法。
1. Everybody was shocked at the news.
2. Worried about the journey, I was unsettled for the first few days.
3. Given better attention, the trees could grow better.
4. Described as an enormous round plate, it spins slowly in space to imitate the pull of the earth’s gravity.
5. Hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
=Because I was hit by a lack of fresh air, my head ached.
6. I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, absorbed by its efficiency.
=I stared at the moving model of the waste machine, and was absorbed by its efficiency.
7. When offered help, one often says “Thank you”or “It’s kind of you”.
8. The research is so designed that once begun nothing can be done to change it.
探究发现
l. 第1句中的过去分词shocked作 ________
2. 第2、3、4句中的过去分词（短语）分别在句子中作 ________ 状语、 ________ 状语、方式状语。作状语的过去分词（短语）和句子的主语之间为逻辑上的关系。
3. 根据第5、6句可知，作状语用的过去分词（短语）可以转化成相应的 ________ 从句或并列句。
4. 根据第7、8句可知，表示时间、条件、方式、比较或让步的状语，可用“ ________ ”结构表示。可用于该结构中的从属连词有when、once、while、if、unless、as if、as、than、though、although等。
Task 1 过去分词作状语
经典例句
仔细观察下列句子中的过去分词的用法。
Developed by two doctors in the US Department of Agriculture, it’s an excellent water collector. 它是一台极好的集水器，由美国农业部的两位博士研制。
Ordered over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now. （因为）那些书是一个多星期之前订的，现在随时有可能送到。
We finally climbed onto the top of the hill, completely tired out. 我们最终爬上了山顶，彻底累坏了。
Given another hour, I can also work out this problem. 再给我一个小时，我也能解这道题。
Discussed many times, the problems were settled at last. 经过多次讨论，这些问题终于被解决了。
Moved by his speech, many people volunteered to help in the work. 许多人被他的讲话感动了，都自愿参加这项工作。
自我归纳
通过观察以上的句子，我们可以看出过去分词可在句中作时间、条件、原因或让步等状语。这时分词动作与句子主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系。
基础盘点
1. 过去分词作时间、条件、原因、让步等状语时，可转换为对应的状语从句。
Questioned by the police about the fire, the man became tense.
→ The man became tense when he was questioned by the police about the fire.
Written in a hurry, this article was not so good.
→ As it was written in a hurry, this article was not so good.
2. 过去分词作状语，前边可以加when、while、if、unless、once、as if、though等连词，构成“连词+分词”形式。
Though (1) ______ (warn) of the danger, he still went skating on the thin ice.
3. 过去分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，现在分词与句子的主语之间存在逻辑上的主谓关系。试比较：
(2) ______ (see)from the top of the tower，our city looks very beautiful.
(3) ______ (see) from the top of the tower, we can get a wonderful view of the city.
4. 过去分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语与句子的主语要一致。
Given another chance, the job could be better done. [误]
Given another chance, I could do the job better. [正]
再给一次机会，我可以把这项工作做得更好。
变式训练
单句填空
(1) The minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks, ______ (add) that he had enjoyed his stay here.
(2) The meeting, ______ (attend) by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.
(3) The missing boys were last seen ______ (play) near the river.
(4) There was a terrible noise ______ (follow) the sudden burst of light.
(5) ______ (catch) in a heavy rain, George was wet through.
(6)She stood in front of him, with her eyes(fix) on his face.
(7) Football is played in more than 80 countries, ______ (make) it the most popular sport in the world.
(8) He stood there silently, ______ (move) to tears.
(9) When I came back to my hometown ten years later, I found it completely ______ (change).
(10) I want him ______ (finish) the homework in time.
(11) My father had had the house ______ (paint) before we moved in.
(12) The end of the story left me ______ (puzzle).
(13) I turned around because I heard someone ______ (speak) my hometown dialect.
Task 2过去分词作表语
基础盘点
1. 基本用法
过去分词可放在连系动词be、remain、get、feel、seem、look、become等之后作表语，构成“主系表”结构，表示主语所处的状态。
From now on I will not be much too discouraged at failures. 从现在开始，对于失败我不会太气馁。
On the first day of new term, we remained seated, excited, waiting for our new teacher turning up. 在新学期的第一天，我们很兴奋，坐在教室里等待着新老师的到来。
注意：很多作表语的过去分词已经具备了形容词的性质，如tired、amused、pleased等。
2. 过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别
过去分词作表语表示主语的状态，常常在be、get、remain等系动词后；而被动语态则表示被动的动作，由助动词be（有时也用get）加过去分词构成，后面可由by引出动作的执行者。
The window is broken. 窗户破了。（状态）
The window was broken by Tom. 窗户被汤姆打破了。（动作）
注意：被动语态常由much、greatly等副词修饰，而系表结构常由very、quite、rather、too、so等副词修饰。
3. 现在分词与过去分词作表语的区别
英语中某些动词的现在分词多用来修饰物，意为“令人”，而其过去分词多用来指人、人的声音或表情等，表示主语处于某种状态中。
At this very moment, my parents came back and were quite surprised to see all the rooms tidy and floors shining. 就在这时，我的父母回来了，看到所有房间那么整洁，地板光亮，他们十分吃惊。
His words were discouraging, which made many people discouraged. 他的话令人泄气，使得很多人灰心丧气。
变式训练
单句填空
(1) The ________ look on her face suggested that she was ________ for the scene was ________. (frighten)
(2) The news was ________ and they were all ________ at it. (excite)
(3) The story was ________ and we all felt ________. (encourage)
(4) The film was ________ and the audience were all ________ to tears. (move)
课堂思学区
夯实基础
I. 用过去分词改写下列句子
1. It is generally considered that goods which are bought through computers are much cheaper.
→ It is generally considered that goods are much cheaper.
2. The disc, which is digitally recorded in the studio, sounded fantastic last night.
→ The disc, digitally sounded fantastic last night.
3. The Town Hall which was completed in the 1800s was the most distinguished building at that time.
→ The Town Hall was the most distinguished building at that time.
4. When a piece of ice is taken into a warm room, it soon changes into water.
→ When a warm room, the piece of ice soon changes into water.
Ⅱ. 用所给动词的适当形式完成下面短文
1. ________ (observe) on the first day of the first lunar month, Chinese Lunar New Year, also2. ________ (call)the Spring Festival, is well 3. ________ (receive) by all the Chinese people all over the world. At the Spring Festival, most people have big meals 4. ________ (cook) by themselves and chat with family members while others may take a trip to visit their friends or to spend their long holiday. Besides, people will say “Happy New Year” to express good wishes for the coming New Year. It is also a children’s festival when they are 5. ________ (dress) in their favorite clothes and go to their relatives’ homes with their parents to get lucky money in red envelopes.
参考答案
课前预学区
1. Founded 2. spoken 3. Driven 4. Frightened
5. Having been separated 6. taken 7. followed
8. heated 9. disappointed 10. is located 11. promoted
课中导学区
探究发现1. 表语 2. 原因；条件；动宾
3. 状语 4. 从属连词+过去分词
Task 1自我归纳条件；伴随
基础盘点（1）warned （2）Seen （3）Seeing
变式训练（1）adding （2）attended （3）playing （4）following
（5）Caught （6）fixed （7）making （8）moved
（9）changed （10）to finish （11）painted （12）puzzled
（13）speaking
Task 2
变式训练（l）frightened；frightened；frightening （2）exciting；excited
（3）encouraging；encouraged （4）moving；moved
课堂思学区
夯实基础
I. 1. bought through computers 2. recorded in the studio
3. completed in the 1800s 4. taken into
II. 1. Observed 2. called 3. received
4. cooked 5. dressed