《志鸿全优设计》2013-2014学年高中英语人教版选修6单元检测：Unit5 Thepowerofnature（含答案）

英语人教版选修6 Unit 5　The power of nature
单元检测
Ⅰ．单项填空
1．—Will it ______you if we meet at five，tomorrow afternoon?
—That's OK．
A．suit　　　　　　 B．match
C．fit　　　 D．appeal
2．（2013山东，32）—This is a really lively party．There's a great atmosphere，isn't there?
—______．The hosts know how to host a party．
A．Don't worry B．Yes，indeed
C．No，there isn't D．It all depends
3．If children don't get a healthy start in life，they won't reach their full ______ to support their country's development．
A．advantage　 B．peak
C．imagination　　 D．potential
4．If the bottle of gas ______ fire，the whole building may ______．
A．will catch；be burnt off
B．catches；be burnt to the ground
C．is on；burn down
D．will be on；be burned to the ground
5．I looked up and noticed a snake______its way up the tree to catch its breakfast．
A．to wind B．wind
C．winding D．wound
6．So far，many college graduates ______ to important positions in different departments．
A．have appointed
B．will be appointed
C．have been appointed
D．had been appointed
7．Chinese art has won the ______ of a lot of people outside China．
A．enjoyment　　　　　 B．appreciation
C．entertainment D．reputation
8．A summer program organized by Harvard University will start next month，______ thousands of high school students．
A．to attract　　 B．attracted
C．having attracted　 D．attracting
9．______，his mother has to take care of him at home．
A．Being ill B．He being ill
C．He is ill D．His to be ill
10．I was checking the bills ______the light suddenly went out．
A．while　　 B．when
C．until　　 D．unless
11．Michael's new house is like a huge palace，______with his old one．
A．comparing　　 B．compares
C．to compare　 D．compared
12．______you may have，you should gather your courage to face the challenge．
A．However a serious problem
B．What a serious problem
C．However serious a problem
D．What serious a problem
13．The policeman took the burglar______ surprise as he opened the window．
A．in B．with
C．by D．at
14．Last summer holiday，I went back to my hometown，______ the neighbours and the house ______ I used to be familiar with were gone．
A．only finding；which B．only to find；that
C．to find；whom D．found；that
15．—The sewing machine has been ______ order．
—Why not move it ______the way？I want to put my bookshelf here．
A．in；out　　 B．out of；out
C．out of；out of　 D．out；out
Ⅱ．完形填空
（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
My grandmother's eightieth birthday was approaching and I was at a loss as to what to give her．She had recently moved into a nursing home and didn't have room for __16__ things．She insisted that she didn't need a thing．
__17__，I came up with an idea．In her __18__ card，I sent her a gift certificate（礼券） for “A letter a __19__ for the next year！”It was a big __20__．I knew that she'd love to __21__ what was going on in my life．
The letter gift certificate was a big __22__．She got fiftytwo letters that first year．Some were __23__ and filled with homesickness．Others were short and newsy．More than once what she __24__ was just a funny card with a few short __25__．All showed her that I was thinking of her regularly．
__26__ her next birthday came around，she asked for another letter gift certificate．__27__，that's also what she wanted for her next eight birthdays．
For nine years I wrote to her．She was rarely able to __28__ back．I flew home annually to __29__ and soon realized that the entire nursing home staff knew all the details of my __30__，as more and more often they were __31__ the letters to her．
My __32__ letter arrived the day after her death．I felt I had given her the best gift I could．What I hadn't counted on（指望） was how her gift would come full circle to me（兜了个圈子仍回原处）．
Months later，while __33__ her things，my dad found a box full of letters from me．Those letters were filled with moments and pictures I had completely forgotten．She __34__ those memories for me in my letters．Sometimes our gifts to others come back to us in __35__ ways．
16．A．lovely B．expensive
C．extra D．unimportant
17．A．Finally B．Hopefully
C．Fortunately D．Surprisingly
18．A．invitation B．Christmas
C．greeting D．birthday
19．A．month B．week
C．day D．season
20．A．lie B．deal
C．problem D．promise
21．A．face B．feel
C．hear D．tell
22．A．joke B．hit
C．mistake D．challenge
23．A．long B．boring
C．interesting D．formal
24．A．sold B．sent
C．received D．held
25．A．notes B．questions
C．tips D．lines
26．A．Although B．As
C．If D．Unless
27．A．In fact B．In general
C．After all D．Above all
28．A．turn B．write
C．step D．look
29．A．work B．hunt
C．visit D．cook
30．A．life B．husband
C．vacation D．business
31．A．writing B．sending
C．handing D．reading
32．A．short B．handwritten
C．open D．last
33．A．seeing through B．going through
C．throwing away D．taking away
34．A．saved B．lost
C．broke D．refreshed
35．A．practical B．funny
C．unexpected D．similar
Ⅲ．阅读理解
（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分）
阅读下列短文，从各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。
A
A sandstorm，known as a dust storm，is exactly what it sounds like：a very strong windstorm，especially in the desert，that carries clouds of sand or dust，and greatly reduces visibility（可见度）．This wind is usually caused by convection currents（对流），which are created by intense heating of the ground，and is usually strong enough to move entire sand dunes．Air is unstable when heated，and this instability（不稳定性） in the air will cause the mixture of higher winds with winds in the lower atmosphere，producing strong surface winds．
Sandstorms can disturb travels，and sometimes destroy whole roads，and dry flat areas，such as parts of the western United States．Similar dust storms can be found on the planet Mars，and are thought to be seasonal．Today，the destruction of forests and too much farming of farmland can cause a sandstorm problem．Overgrazing and too much use of water resources can also cause sandstorms．
In the United States of America，sandstorms are rare because of the lack of large deserts and more importantly the development of proper agricultural techniques．The last recorded destructive sandstorm in American history was the Dust Bowl，one that occurred on July 16,1971 and was widely recorded by meteorologists（气象学家）．
To protect themselves from sandstorms，some people wear protective suits．Special equipment can be fixed in some cars to prevent sand from getting into the engine．Sand storms can cause coughs，and the sand and dust have also been known to be able to carry “infectious diseases”．Sand particles，unlike dust ones，will block air passages，and cause the person who breathes them in to choke．Dust particles may cause an allergic（过敏的） reaction．
36．Which of the following plays the biggest part in forming sandstorms?
A．The instability of the sand．
B．The instability of the wind．
C．The speed of the wind．
D．The intense heating of the ground．
37．From the second paragraph，we can learn that at present ______．
A．sandstorms are more often seen on the Mars
B．human activities are the main cause of sandstorms
C．farming brings more harm than good to humans
D．sandstorms have led to the lack of clear water resources
38．Why are sandstorms not common in the USA?
A．Because there are fewer deserts．
B．Because there is less agriculture．
C．Because of the improvement of agricultural techniques．
D．Because of the meteorologists' research on the sandstorms．
39．The last paragraph mainly talks about ______．
A．how to protect oneself against sandstorms
B．the harm that sandstorms can do to people's health
C．the differences between sandstorms and dust ones
D．how to lead a normal life when a sandstorm happens
40．The author will most probably agree that ______．
A．sandstorms are greatly harmful to human beings
B．humans haven't thought of any way to deal with sandstorms
C．deaths caused by sandstorms are increasing all the time
D．there will soon be no sandstorms in the USA
B
Avalanches（雪崩）are one of those natural disasters that can cause great damage and only Mother Nature knows when and where they're going to occur．Even with modern technology it's still impossible to know exactly when or where one is going to occur．Mountain climbers are wise to be careful，as avalanches kill many of them each year．
The physics of how and why an avalanche occurs is complex．There are times of higher probability．During the year，the transition from winter to spring will cause some snow and ice to melt，which may trigger avalanches．Also at daybreak there is a higher probability due to the temperature change．
While climbers hike up slopes（斜坡），some distance between the climbers should be kept．If an avalanche occurs，then there will be fewer lives lost and a higher probability that someone will be able to seek help．Since an accident is more likely to happen when a top layer of snow is loose，avoid areas where heavy snow or rain has recently occurred．
Try to choose areas that you are familiar with and stay in areas with rocks，bushes and trees．Trees and bushes allow snow to pile up and keep the layers stable（稳定的）．If an avalanche occurs，trees will take the impact of the snow，so there is a better chance of being safe．
Climbers must also pay attention to the degree of the slope．Avalanches won't occur on level ground and there is little snowfall on very steep areas．The greatest danger is in areas where the slope is between 25 and 40 degrees．
Remember that，if you get stuck in an avalanche，there is no car hire available to take you to the nearest airport．
41．What do you know from the first paragraph?
A．Many mountain climbers die of avalanches each year．
B．Of all the natural disasters，avalanches cause the greatest damage．
C．Most climbers who meet avalanches die for not paying enough attention to avalanches．
D．With the development of science and technology，avalanches can now be predicted exactly．
42．The underlined word “trigger” in the second paragraph probably means “______”．
A．make use of B．result in
C．put an end to D．slow down
43．Why is there a higher probability that an avalanche occurs at daybreak?
A．Because daybreak is the coldest time of the day in the mountains．
B．Because it often snows heavily in the mountains at daybreak．
C．Because temperature changes at daybreak．
D．Because the top layer snow is loose at daybreak．
44．It wouldn't be a good idea for a climber to ______ while climbing a mountain．
A．keep some distance from other climbers
B．avoid areas where heavy snow or rain has recently occurred
C．choose areas that he or she is familiar with
D．climb up a slope which is between 25 and 40 degrees
45．What is the best title for the passage?
A．How to predict an avalanche
B．The history of mountain climbing
C．How to choose safe mountain climbing areas
D．Safety tips about avalanches for mountain climbers
Ⅳ．七选五阅读
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
How to teach kids responsibility
We'd all like our kids to develop into responsible people．How can we help to ensure that our kids learn the lessons of responsibility？Here are some ideas：
Start them with tasks when they're young．
__46__ They can do a lot more than you think if you're patient and creative．Encourage them to begin at an early age，and this helps them build confidence and enthusiasm for later tasks in their life．
Don't use rewards with your kids．
If you want your kids to develop a natural sense of responsibility，they need to learn what they do affects others not just themselves．__47__
Use natural consequences when they make mistakes．
If they keep losing their baseball glove somewhere，let them deal with the consequences．Maybe they have to ask to borrow one for the game．__48__ If you rescue them every time they make a mistake，they'll never learn responsibility．
__49__
This is where they'll learn it from．Take care of your stuff．Try to be on time．They're watching you very closely．
Give them an allowance（零用钱） early in their life．
Let them make their own money decisions from an early age．They'll learn their lessons in a hurry．__50__
A．Model responsible behavior for your kids．
B．Maybe they have to buy a new one if it's lost．
C．Don't help them out if they run out of money．
D．Train your kids to be responsible and careful．
E．They won't learn that if they're focused on what they're going to “get”．
F．Young kids have a strong desire to help out，even as young as age two．
G．They'll pick up on this belief and they'll tend to rise to the level of expectation．
Ⅴ．短文改错
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1．每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was deeply moved when I heard the news which three 19yearold college students were swept away when they are trying to rescue two drowning children．It's said that the life is the most valuable thing for everyone in the world，and the three young students did not seem to think about it．Instead，they ignored our own lives in order to save others．How a heroic deed it is！Their spirit is what we should learn from．However，some people don't think it is worthwhile risk three lives to save two．I never agree it．In my opinion，we should sometimes stand up for what we believe is right．As a young student，we have the responsibility to help the people who are in troubles no matter what it will cost．
Ⅵ．书面表达
假设你校将举办以“Man and Nature”为主题的英语演讲比赛，请你结合所给要点，写一篇100词左右的演讲稿。
人与自然的关系
朋友、和谐共处
人与自然如何
和谐共处
认识和正确运用自然规律
保护环境、保持生态平衡
热爱和保护各种动植物、保持生物多样性
参考词汇：和谐 harmony
生态平衡 ecological balance
生物多样性biodiversity
参考答案
Ⅰ.
1. 答案：A　解析：句意：如果明天下午5点见面，对你来说合适吗？suit“适合”；match“匹配”；fit指“（大小肥瘦）合适”；appeal “有吸引力”。
2. 答案：B　解析：考查交际用语。句意：——这的确是个非常好的聚会，气氛很热闹，对吧？——是的，的确如此。主人知道如何主办聚会。Don't worry．“不必担心。”；Yes，indeed．“是的，确实如此。”；No，there isn't．“不，没有。”；It all depends．“这要看情况。”根据答语后半部分可知，此处表示赞同对方的观点，故用B项。
3. 答案：D　解析：句意：如果孩子没有一个好的开端，他们就不会充分发挥自己的潜能来支持国家的发展。reach one's full potential“发挥潜能，竭尽全力”。
4. 答案：B　解析：考查短语搭配。catch fire着火；burn to the ground全部焚毁。
5. 答案：C　解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我抬起头来，注意到一条蛇正盘旋着往树上爬，去捕捉它的早餐。snake和wind之间为主动关系，注意到蛇在往树上爬，表示动作正在进行。故选C项。
6. 答案：C　解析：根据so far判断，应用现在完成时的被动语态。
7. 答案：B　解析：句意：中国艺术赢得了许多国外人士的赞赏。appreciation “欣赏，感激”。
8. 答案：D　解析：用现在分词短语作状语，表示补充说明。
9. 答案：B　解析：句意为“他病了，他的妈妈不得不在家照顾他”。根据句子结构可知，此处作状语，而根据句意，前后的逻辑主语不一致，故用独立主格结构作状语。
10. 答案：B　解析：句意：我正在核对账单这时灯突然灭了。be doing when表示“正在……这时”。
11. 答案：D　解析：本题考查固定短语compared with“与……相比”。
12. 答案：C　解析：根据句意“无论你有多么严重的问题，你都应该鼓起勇气面对挑战”。however作连接副词，相当于no matter how，后接形容词或副词，意为“无论，不管”，引导让步状语从句，其序为“however＋形容词、副词＋主语＋谓语”。
13. 答案：C　解析：句意为“当窃贼开窗子的时候，警察冷不防地捉住了他”。take sb．by surprise“使某人大吃一惊，突袭”，是固定短语。
14. 答案：B　解析：句意为“去年暑假我回到我的家乡，结果发现我曾经熟悉的邻居和房子都不见了”。第一空用动词不定式作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果；第二空引导定语从句，从句中缺少with的宾语，故用that或which引导。
15. 答案：C　解析：考查介词搭配。第一个空 out of order“出毛病”；第二个空out of the way“不挡道”。
Ⅱ.
16. 答案：C　解析：根据上文“She had recently moved into a nursing home and didn't have room... ”可知，祖母最近搬进了疗养院，没有地方放额外的东西。
17. 答案：A　解析：根据上文“... I was at a loss as to what to give her．”及下文“... I came up with an idea．”可知，作者最初不知送祖母什么生日礼物好，最终想出了办法。
18. 答案：D　解析：根据上文“My grandmother's eightieth birthday was approaching... ”可知，这里是送给祖母的生日卡片。
19. 答案：B　解析：根据下文“She got fiftytwo letters that first year．”可计算出，作者在给祖母的生日礼券上许诺每个星期给祖母写一封信。
20. 答案：D　解析：根据上文“I sent her a gift certificate for ‘A letter a ______ for the next year！’”可知，作者在给祖母的生日礼券上许诺定期给祖母写信。故这里说的是这是一个很大的许诺。
21. 答案：C　解析：此处指祖母愿意听我讲我生活中发生的事情。
22. 答案：B　解析：根据下文“______ her next birthday came around，she asked for another letter gift certificate．”可知，这些生日礼券受到祖母的欢迎，非常成功。
23. 答案：A　解析：根据下文“Others were short and newsy．”可知，这里应为与之意义相对的“long”。
24. 答案：C　解析：作者给祖母写信，故应为祖母收到信件。
25. 答案：D　解析：祖母不止一次收到的是一张写着寥寥数语的有趣的卡片。
26. 答案：B　解析：根据下文“... her next birthday came around... ”可知，本句为时间状语从句，故用表示时间的连词“as”。
27. 答案：A　解析：根据上文“______ her next birthday came around，she asked for another letter gift certificate．”可知，祖母在下一次生日时要求作者再送她一份同样的礼券；再根据下文“... that's also what she wanted for her next eight birthdays．”可知，祖母在余下的几个生日都要了同样的礼物。故下文是对上文的补充说明，用“in fact”。
28. 答案：B　解析：根据上文“For nine years I wrote to her... ”可知，作者给祖母写了九年的信，但祖母几乎不能写回信。
29. 答案：C　解析：作者每年都乘飞机回去看望祖母。
30. 答案：A　解析：根据第二段“I knew that she'd love to ______ what was going on in my life．”可知，作者在信中提到她的生活。故全体疗养院员工知道了她生活的全部细节。
31. 答案：D　解析：根据上文“... the entire nursing home staff knew all the details of my ______... ”可知，疗养院员工知道了作者的相关信息，是因为他们经常给祖母读作者的来信。
32. 答案：D　解析：根据下文“... arrived the day after her death．”可知，这封信是在祖母去世后的那天送达的，故应为给祖母的最后一封信。
33. 答案：B　解析：根据下文“... my dad found a box... ”可知，在仔细察看祖母物品的时候，作者的父亲发现了一个盒子。
34. 答案：A　解析：根据上文“Those letters were filled with moments and pictures I had completely forgotten．”可知，这些信件里面充满了作者已经忘却的时刻与画面，故祖母在这些信件里面保存了作者的回忆。
35. 答案：C　解析：根据倒数第二段“What I hadn't counted on was how her gift would come full circle to me．”可知，作者没有想到曾经送出的礼物会最终回到自己手里，即以出乎意料的方式回来。
Ⅲ.
A
36. 答案：D　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“This wind is usually caused by convection currents（对流），which are created by intense heating of the ground... ”可知因为地面极度的热量导致了空气流，从而产生风，风再吹动沙丘导致了沙尘暴的产生。
37. 答案：B　解析：推理判断题。A项的错误在于第二段提到在火星上也有沙尘暴，但是没有和在地球上的数量相比较；C项的错误在于过度农耕导致土壤沙化，但不是说农耕本身危害大于好处；D项的错误在于对水资源的过度利用是造成沙尘暴的一个原因，而不是沙尘暴导致水资源缺乏；因此正确选项为B项，根据第二段中提到的森林砍伐、过度农耕、过度放牧和对水资源的过度使用，这些都是人类的行为，也是现今导致沙尘暴的主要原因。
38. 答案：C　解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“... sandstorms are rare because of the lack of large deserts and more importantly the development of proper agricultural techniques．”可知，在美国沙尘暴很罕见的原因，一是面积较大的沙漠少（不是沙漠少），更重要的是正确的农业技术的发展。
39. 答案：B　解析：主旨大意题。根据最后一段的内容可知重点讲的是沙尘暴对人类健康的危害。
40. 答案：A　解析：推理判断题。根据第二段和末段可知A项正确；B、C两项在文章中没有证据支持；D项的错误在于虽然在美国较少见沙尘暴，但不是说一点儿也不存在。
B
41. 答案：A　解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的“avalanches kill many of them each year”可知A项正确。
42. 答案：B　解析：词义猜测题。第二段主要讲雪崩多发的时间，故可以判断冬春季节交替时引起的雪和冰的融化会导致雪崩的发生。
43. 答案：C　解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中“Also at daybreak there is a higher probability due to the temperature change．”可知C项正确。
44. 答案：D　解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中“The greatest danger is in areas where the slope is between 25 and 40 degrees．”可知，25度到40度之间的斜坡是最危险的，故选D项。
45. 答案：D　解析：主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了登山者如何避免、应付雪崩。
Ⅳ.
答案：46～50 FEBAC
Ⅴ.
答案：
第一句：which→that；are→were
第二句：去掉第一个the；and→but
第三句：our→their
第四句：How→What
第六句：risk前加to或risk→risking
第七句：agree后加with
第八句：sometimes→always
第九句：troubles→trouble
Ⅵ．
答案：
Nature，in my opinion，is our friend not our enemy．That is to say，we should live in harmony with nature．
But how can we achieve this goal？First of all，we must try to respect the rules and laws of nature，and apply them correctly in our own life．Secondly，we ought to do what we can to protect the environment and achieve ecological balance．Lastly，we should love and protect all animals and plants to maintain biodiversity．
Only by living in harmony with nature，can we make our world a better place and enjoy a happy life．