人教版（2019）必修第三册 Unit3 Diverse Cultures单元考点突破学案（含答案）

名师原创：Unit3 单元考点突破
●词汇精讲
1. fortune n．机会；运气
【原句再现】
fortune cookie (教材P26)
【词块积累】
make a fortune　发财
seek one's fortune 外出找出路
try one's fortune 碰运气
fortunate adj. 幸运的
be fortunate to do sth./in doing sth. 幸运地做某事
fortunately adv. 幸运地
【精品例句】
Mr. Parker worked in a small company for two years and then he went abroad to seek/try his fortune.
帕克先生在一家小公司里工作了两年，然后就出国碰运气了
Nowadays many young people dream of making a fortune in big cities.
现在许多年轻人梦想在大城市里发财
To his joy，he had/has the fortune to train with some of the world’s top athletes
使他感到高兴的是，他有幸与一些世界顶级的运动员一起训练
【高考链接】
(fortune)，a young man who was just passing by came up to the injured. (陕西卷)
(Fortunately)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Now there are many young men in our society dreaming of making ____ fortune without hard work. (a)
I have had the good (fortunate) to work with some brilliant directors. (fortune)
She was (fortune) enough to enter Peking University. (fortunate)
2. admit vt&vi. 允许…进入；接纳；招收；承认；供认
【原句再现】
I have to admit that it definitely feels good to be back in the city again. (教材P28)
【词块积累】
admission 接纳； 进入权；准许入会/入学
admission by ticket 凭票入场
make an admission of a mistake 认错
make an admission that…承认…
admit(doing/having done) sth. 承认(做过)某事
admit＋n.＋to be... 承认……是……
admit sb./sth. into/to 允许某人/某物进入/加入
be admitted to/into... 被录取，被接纳，被允许进入……
be admitted as... 作为……被接受
【精品例句】
A hole in the top of the roof admitted the light. 房顶的小洞能透进光线
Only ticket-holders will be admitted to/into the stadium. 持票者方可进入体育场
News came from the school office that Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
校办传来消息，王琳被北京大学录取了
He admitted that he couldn’t sing at all. 他承认他不会唱歌
We should have the courage to admit (to) our mistakes. 我们应该有勇气承认自己的错误
He had to admit (to) being nervous about the test. 他承认考试紧张
She admitted (to) having stolen the car. 他供认输了那辆车
【高考链接】
If you leave the club, you will not be _______ (send) and receiving messages. (全国卷) A. received B. admitted C. turned D. moved (B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He admitted ______ (do) it yesterday. (doing)
The little girl was admitted ______ a key university last week. (to/into)
3. occur v．发生，出现；想起
【原句再现】
And what a city—a city that was able to rebuild itself after the earthquake that occurred in 1906. (教材P28)
【词块积累】
occurrence n. 发生的事儿；发生；出现
everyday occurrences 日常发生的事儿
sth.occurs to sb.　某事浮现在某人的脑海中；某人想到……;被想起
It occurs to sb.that...某人想到……
It occurs to sb.to do sth...某人想到……
【精品例句】
It occurred to her to phone the police. 她想到了报警
It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.
他突然想到第二天早上要出席一个重要会议
Almost all of tornadoes occur in the US，in the area from Texas to South Dakota.
几乎所有的龙卷风都发生在美国德克萨斯州到南达科塔州一带地区
The serious traffic accident occurred yesterday morning and three people were confirmed to be dead.
那场严重的交通事故发生在昨天上午，三人被确认死亡
We should all remember that some great scientific discoveries occurred by chance.
我们都应该记住一些伟大的科学发现都是偶然发生的
【高考链接】
It never occurred to him ________ (ask) anyone for helping him with English. (江西卷) (to ask)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
A perfect idea occurred _____ us that we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for Teachers' Day. (to)
4. seek (sought, sought) vt. & vi.寻找; 寻求; 谋求; 征求(建议、意见等); 请求(帮助、援助等) ; 试图; 企图
【原句再现】
Over 300，000 people came from all over the world to seek their fortune，... (教材P28)
【词块积累】
seek jobs / work /employment找工作;求职
a job-seeking guide求职指南
seek out 找出; 找到
seek for 寻找，搜寻
seek to do sth. 试图做…
seek one's fortune寻找出路;寻找致富之路
seek (sb’s) advice征求(某人的)建议
seek (sb’s) help / assistance请求(某人的)帮助
【精品例句】
The book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
这本书使那些想寻求自己的答案的学生产生自信心
To care for wisdom and truth and improvement of the soul is far better than to seek money and honor and reputation.
注重智慧、真理和灵魂的进步远比追求金钱、荣誉和名声要好得多
We must seek out a solution to the problem. 我们必须找到解决问题的办法
They are seeking for chance to go to work. 他们正在寻求工作机会
【高考链接】
Scientists have been seeking _________ (understand) the mystery of the "sixth sense" of direction. (江苏卷) (to understand)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
They sought _____ a place to shelter from the rain, but in vain. (for)
5. earn vt. 挣(钱)；赚得，挣得；博得；赢得
【原句再现】
To earn a living，some opened up shops and restaurants in Chinatown. (教材P28)
【词块积累】
earnings 薪水，工资
earn a scholarship 获得奖学金
earn an income/a fortune 挣收入/大钱
earn money＝make money 挣钱
earn one's/a living　谋生=make one’s/a living
earn one's fame/a reputation 赢得名声
【精品例句】
He earned praise for honesty. 他因诚实而赢得了赞扬
Renting your house out as a “film set” could earn you hundreds of pounds a day.
把房子租出去作为拍摄背景一天能挣几百英镑
He earns a/his living by doing odd jobs. 他靠打零工谋生
How much does a cook earn in your country 在你们国家，一位厨师能挣多少钱？
I want to earn a lot of money when I grow up.长大后，我想挣大钱
He works hard，but he does not earn much money.他工作很努力，但钱赚得不多
【高考链接】
You are old enough to ____ your own living. (辽宁卷)
A. win B. gain C. take D. earn (D)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
How does she earn ______ (she) living after she left her family (her)
He ____ (earn) a good reputation as a teacher since he graduated. (has earned)
6. select v. (经过认真思考而 ) 挑选; 选择; 选拔
【原句再现】
I selected a Cantonese restaurant that served its food on beautiful china plates. (教材P29)
【词块积累】
selection可选之人或物; 选集
selective adj.慎重选择的;精挑细选的
make a selection作出选择
select sb. / sth. for sth.
select sb / sth to do sth
select sb/ sth as sth
Selections From Charles Dickens《狄更斯选集》
辨析： select, choose, pick 三者都有“选择”之意。
select指“精选”，是从同类的许多事物或人中仔细辨别后选出最合适的；choose泛指选择，可不带宾语；pick表示挑出一个或数个最佳者，通常所指的事项不很重大，是不太正式的用词
【精品例句】
Please select a few nice strawberries for your sister.请给你妹妹精 心挑选一些好的草莓.
We offer a wide range of holidays to choose from.我们有各种旅 游度假方式可供选择She picked a piece of cake for herself.她为自己挑了一块蛋糕
He hasn't been selected for the national team.
他未能入选进国家队
He was selected as the representative of the company to attend the meeting.
他被选为公司代表来参加这个会议
The amber which was selected had a beautiful yellow brown color like honey
选出来的琥珀呈现出漂亮的蜂蜜一样的黄褐色
【高考链接】
He's the only student in the class that has been selected to take par t in the Model United Nations conference. (湖北卷.语法填空)
【考点训练】
翻译下列句子
他挑了一部手机自用
(He selected a mobile phone for personal use.)
他希望入选国家队
(He had hopes of being selected for the national team.)
李先生被评为年度最佳教师。
(Mr. Li was selected as the Best Teacher of the Year.)
你可以从多种交通工具中进行选择
(You can choose from a wide range of vehicles.)
7. claim n．&vt. 夺取(生命)；主张；宣称；认领；索取；夺去；断言
【原句再现】
Over 3，000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that occurred after it. (教材P29)
【词块积累】
claim to do... 声称做……
It is claimed that... 据称……
make a claim 声称；断言
【精品例句】
We agree to accept all your claim.
我方同意接受贵方的所有索赔
We will see those who claim to be leaders for the peace.
我们将看到那些声称自己带来和平的领导人
It is claimed that some doctors are working 80 hours a week.
据称有些医生每周工作80小时
【高考链接】
In health food stores，you'll find dozens of products that claim __ (do) wonders for your brain. (江西课改卷) (to do)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He claimed himself ___ (be) the owner of the car. (to be)
He made _____ claim that he would be elected as president of the company. (a)
8. apart from 除了……外(还)；此外
【原句再现】
Apart from being the kingdom of flowers，it is home to many ethnic minority groups. (教材P29)
【词块积累】
apart from具有下列三层含义：
※ 相当于as well as/in addition to/besides…指“除……之外(还)；此外；加之”，强调“另外还有”；
※ 相当于aside from…指“除了……外”；
※ 相当于except for…指“除了……外(都)；要不是”，是在对某人或某物整体上肯定的同时，特别指出其不足之处。
※ take...apart　将……拆开
※ tell sb./sth. apart 把某人/某物区分开
【精品例句】
Apart from the boring fight between the two heroes，it is a really good movie.
除了两个主人公之间乏味的打斗以外，这部电影还真的不错
Apart from being a painter，she is also a yoga coach.除了是位画家，她还是个瑜伽教练
Apart from the construction mentioned above，you have also learned the following phrases.
除了以上提到的结构，你也学会了下面的词组
【高考链接】
Apart natural and cultural wonders, Hangzhou is also famous for its culinary delights. (山东卷) (from)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Except ______ the ending，it's a really good film. ( for)
They are so alike，and it's difficult to tell them _______．(apart)
9. escape vt&vi. 逃走，逃跑，逃脱；（液体，气体等）泄漏； n. 逃跑，逃脱
【原句再现】
After visiting the southern part of Yunnan，I have to admit that it is the best district of China to escape the cold winter. (教材P29)
【词块积累】
escape from…
escape sb’s attention/notice 逃过某人的注意/被某人忽视
make one’s escape 逃走
escape doing sth. 逃脱…
a fire escape 安全门
escape death 死里逃生
a narrow escape 九死一生
【精品例句】
The hunter tried to escape from the forest, but he lost his way.
猎人试图逃出森林，但是他迷路了
A boy escaped unhurt when the five in his room exploded
房间里发生爆炸时男孩逃了出来，没有受伤
He narrowly escaped death in an earthquake. 他在一次地震中死里逃生
You are lucky to escape being punished. 你真走运，逃脱了惩罚
A small hole allowed smoke to escape from the top.
一个小孔能让烟从顶部冒出来
He had a narrow escape. 他九死一生
【高考链接】
This bear didn’t escape _______ (kill) by a cruel hunter. (山东卷) (being killed)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
They escaped _____ prison at last. (from)
He had ____ narrow escape in the explosion. (a)
Every possible means has been used，but the words still escape his memory. (from)
10. contain vt. 包含，容纳，含有
【原句再现】
Does the city/town introduction contain all the important information （教材P33）
【词块积累】
container n. 容器，器皿，集装箱
辨析：include与 contain
include 指一个事物包括几部分；而contain 指事物本身所包含的固有的成分
【精品例句】
Some plants and animals contain natural poisons that are harmful to people.
有些动植物体内含有对人类有害的天然毒素 （广东卷）
A CD-ROM is a separate disk that contains lots of information.
只读光盘是一个可容纳大量信息的独立碟片
The medical team is composed of 12 people, including 3 children.
这个医疗队有十二个人组成，其中包括三个孩子
This kind of stone contains much salt. 这种石头含有盐
【高考链接】
Little Johnny felt the bag, curious to know what it ___. (全国卷)
A. collected B. contained C. loaded D. saved (B)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Sea water ______ (contains/includes) a lot of salt. (contains)
11. head to/for …. (朝….) 前进；(向….) 去
【原句再现】
In the afternoon, I headed to a local museum that showed the historical changes in California. (教材P28)
【词块积累】
head n. 头；最前面的部分；首脑，领导；头脑，才智 v. 出发；率领；位居…的首位
headache头痛;令人头痛的人/事
Headline (报纸的) 标题
the headline新闻提要
the head of a page页眉
headmaster (中小学) 校长
head teacher (中小学)班主任
have get a headache 头疼
hold one’s head up振作起来，勇敢起来，坚强起来
hold one’s head high 趾高气扬，昂首
head the team / list带领团队/名列榜首
head for朝…方向走
【精品例句】
Grammar is a headache for me.语法让我头疼
Two heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠，顶个诸葛亮。
Don’t hold your head too high.不要太趾高气扬。
After the game, the fans headed for the exit.比赛线束后，球迷们朝出口走去。
【高考链接】
I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Deparmen1.(全国卷. 阅读篇)
Happy as a child, I got on the bicycle and headed out onto the streets. (湖北卷. 阅读篇)
【考点训练】
翻译下列句子
一个苹果从树上掉下来砸在了他的头上
(An apple fell from the tree and hit him on the head)
在英国，国家元首是国王或女王。
(In the United Kingdom, the head of state is a king or queen.)
12. settle vi. & vt. 坐下; (使) 处于舒适的位置; (移民、殖民) 定居(于); 对…某事达成一致意见; 和解; 确定; 决定; (使)平静; (使)安定; vi降落; 停留
【原句再现】
Historically, Chinese immigrants settled in the area during the railroad construction and gold rush period. (教材P32)
【词块积累】
settle an argument 解决争论
settle down 舒适地坐下/躺下; 安顿下来; 安定下来
settle (down) to…开始专心于;着手认真做
settle on决定; 同意
settlement n. 协议; 解决; 处理; 安顿; 定居
come to / reach a peace settlement with与..达成和平协议
the settlement of an issue问题的解决
settler n. 移居者; 殖民者
【精品例句】
The dog settled on the grass to enjoy its bone.
那条狗舒服地坐在草地上享受骨头的美味
She settled herself into her chair and started to read.
她舒舒服服地 坐在椅子上开始看书
Most of the problems have been settled satisfactorily
大多数问题已得到满意的解决
A butterfly settled on a red flower. 一只蝴蝶落在一朵红色的花上面
They put up the tent, and settled down to eat the sandwiches.
他们搭起帐篷，舒服地坐下来享受三明治
When are you going to get married and settle down
你打算什么时候结婚成家，安定下来啊
With so much noise outside, I couldn’t settle down to my work.
外面 那么吵，我无法专心工作
We must settle on a place to meet.
我们得把见面的地点定下来
【高考链接】
European ____ (settle) began in l840 when the British arrived. (江苏卷) (settlement)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
It ________ (settle) that they would get married in June. (was settled)
●本单元重要词组
13. series of …. 一系列或一连串（事件）
Over 3,000 lives were claimed in the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and the series of fires that…. after it. (教材P29)
Mobile phone users have developed a series of symbols to show how they feel.
14. bring about 引起；导致 = result in… = lead to…
Science has brought about many changes in our lives.
Some people fear that air pollution may bring about changes in the weather around the world.
15. to name but a few 仅举几例
Other famous sites include the Tin How Temple and Bank of Canton, to name but a few. (教材P32)
Other boys include Tom, John and David, to name but a few.
●句型点拨
1. 独立主格结构
【原句再现】
There are so many beautiful old buildings—many sitting on top of big hills，... (教材P28)
句式分析：many sitting on top of big hills 为独立主格结构，相当于which引导的非限制性定语从句，即many of which sit on top of big hills.
【能力拓展】
独立主格结构基本构成：
分词作状语时，其逻辑主语通常是句子的主语；但有时分词(短语)有自己的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构，独立主格结构在句中作状语。
※ 独立主格结构形式归纳：
※ 名词/代词＋现在分词(表示主动和进行)
※ 名词/代词＋过去分词(表示被动和已经完成)
※ 名词/代词＋不定式(表示将要发生的动作)
※ 名词/代词＋形容词/副词/介词短语/名词(常用来说明名词或代词的性质、特征或所处的状态)
※ with＋名词/代词＋现在分词/过去分词/动词不定式/形容词/介词短语/副词
【精品例句】
He lay on his back，his hands crossing under his head.
他双手交叉放在头下面，仰面躺着
Time permitting，we'll have a dictation today.
如果时间允许的话，今天我会听写
Leaves falling here and there，I suddenly notice autumn is drawing upon.
树叶到处飘落，我突然意识到秋天来临了
【高考链接】
Much time (spend) sitting at a desk, office workers are generally troubled by health problems. (spent)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The meeting (be) over, people went back home. (being)
She stood there chatting with her friend, with her child (play) beside her. (playing)
2. can't wait！迫不及待做某事；等不及想做 (某事)
【原句再现】
Can't wait! (教材P29)
句式分析：本句是I can't wait to go to a jazz bar in the Richmond District的省略形式，句意“我迫不及待想去列治文区的一个爵士乐酒吧”。can't wait to do sth./for sth.某人等不及想做某事
【能力拓展】
can hardly wait to do sth.= can never wait to do sth.急于想做某事
can't help doing sth. 禁不住要干某事
【精品例句】
We can't wait to have a try.
我们迫不及待想要尝试一下
They can't wait for a view of that singer.
他们迫不及待想要看看那位歌手了。
We can hardly wait to see him
我们迫不及待地想见到他。
【高考链接】
The children can’t hardly wait ______ (go) swimming. (湖北卷) (to go)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
He can’t help _____ (take) out of phone from his bag as soon as he sat down on the table. (taking)
●省略（详见语法课件）
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