人教版（2019）必修第三册 Unit4 Space Exploration Grammar and Assessing Your Progress 词汇精讲课堂课件(共50张PPT)

(共50张PPT)
版本：新人教
单元：必修三 Unit 4 (Discovering Useful Structures — Assessing Your Progress)
词
汇
课
堂
1. so as to in order to 和 so as to 均有“为了”之意。强调目的时，可以将 in order to 放在句首，so as to 一般不放在句首。
2. recycle re- (again 再) + cycle (循环) → (使) 再循环；回收利用
派生词：recycling
3. muscle 词源：英语单词 muscle 来自拉丁语 musculus (小老鼠)。古罗马人觉得鼓起的肌肉很像一只跳跃的小老鼠。
熟词生义：体力；力气
4. lack 词块：(a) lack of, for lack of, lack (for) nothing
派生词：lacking
5. beyond 词块：beyond repair / control / belief, beyond the reach of sb, be beyond sb
6. solar sol (sun 太阳) + -ar → 太阳的；利用太阳能的
词块：the solar system, the solar calendar, solar energy
本单元词汇梳理
7. current curr- (to run 跑) + -ent (形容词词缀) → 跑动中的 → 流动的
→ 在时间里跑动 → 正在进行中 → 现行的
隐喻 ：水 / 气 / 电流 → (事件、时代等) 趋势；潮流
词族：current, currency, currently
8. sufficient 正式用语 (对应 enough)
9. soap 词块：a bar / piece of soap, soap opera
10. microwave micro- (微小的) + wave (波)
11. facility 常用复数
12. keen 近义词 eager
词块：be keen on (doing) sth, be keen to do sth
13. globe the globe 地球；世界
派生词：global, globally
14. argue 词块：argue with sb about / over sth = have an argument with sb about / over sth
熟词生义：论证 (argue for / against; argue that)
派生词：argument
15. shallow 基本义“浅的”
隐喻：具体的“浅的” → 抽象的“肤浅的”
16. result in 近义词 cause, lead to
17. pattern 一词多义：基本义“模式”
18. analysis ana (up, throughout 向上、始终) + lysis (a loosening 解开、松开) → 解开、松开 (问题) → 分析
词块：carry out / do an analysis of
派生词：analyse
19. monitor 词源义“班长”，后引申为“显示屏；监视器”
名词动词化：监控； 监视
20. regular 一词多义：基本义“规则的；有规律的”
词块：regular customers / visitors / readers, regular exercise
派生词：regularly
21. smartphone 合成词 smart + phone
22. resource 词块：natural / human resources
23. limited limit + -ed (分词形容词)
24. closing close + ing；词块：in closing
25. mystery 抽象名词具体化：意为“神秘的事物”时是可数名词
派生词：mysterious
26. run out run out 不及物，主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等事物； run out of 及物，主语通常是人
27. attach 词源义是“fasten (with a stake)”，即“把……绑 / 固定在……上”。
词块：attach … to, attach importance to
派生词：attached, attachment
重难点词
精讲
figure out
一词多义
搭配义
pattern
一词多义
熟词生义
lack
名词 / 形容词动词化
argue & argument
熟词生义
regular & regularly
一词多义
英语释义
attach
一词多义
beyond
一词多义
搭配义
一词多义
current
lack
当前青少年会面临哪些问题？
(a) lack of sleep
缺乏睡眠
/ exercise
缺乏运动
/ confidence
缺乏自信
lack
n [U] [常用单数] 缺乏；不足 (shortage) ：
(a) lack of food / money / sleep / skills
These children have health problems linked to poor diet and a lack of exercise.
for lack of 因缺少：
The leaves turned yellow for lack of light.
vt & vi [不用于被动语态] 缺乏；短少；没有：
At first I lacked confidence.
They lacked the money to send him to university.
lack (for) nothing [正式用语] 什么也不缺：
As he is very rich he lacks for nothing.
lacking adj [不用于名词前] 不足的；缺少的
be lacking in sth 缺少某物
反义表达：富含某物或某物很充足？
be rich in / be abundant in
判断下列句子中lack使用是否正确。
1. She is lack of confidence.
2. She lacks of confidence.
3. She lacks in confidence.
4. She suffers from a lack of confidence.
5. She is lacking in confidence.
6. She lacks confidence.






beyond
中文名 超越 外文名 Beyond 组合成员 黄家驹（1993年逝世）、黄贯中、黄家强、叶世荣 成立时间 1983年 解散时间 2005年
代表作品 《海阔天空》《光辉岁月》《真的爱你》《大地》《冷雨夜》《喜欢你》等 beyond是“超越”的意思，乐队成员希望超越自己本身，不断创作出好的作品，这也是他们起这个名字的初衷。
beyond prep
［表示位置］在……的那边；远于：
It is the only place beyond the Earth to have been visited by humans.
［表示时间］在……以后；迟于：
The party went on until beyond midnight.
［表示数量、水平、限度］超出：
I spent my childhood working, with responsibilities beyond my age. 2010 重庆
Any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged. 2011 福建
［表示范围］超出……的范围；非……所及：
beyond repair / control / belief
beyond the reach of sb / beyond one’s reach
Such test is far beyond the ability of the average schoolkid.
［常用于否定句和疑问句］除……以外：
I know nothing of it beyond what he told me.
be beyond sb 超出某人的理解能力：
The whole problem was quite beyond him.
adv 在更远处；更往后：
look beyond
current
电流 an electrical current
气流 air currents
洋流 ocean currents
current adj
[只用于名词前] 现时的；当前的；现行的：
the current President
Students are placed into classes according to their current language skills.
通用的；流通的；流行的：
current money
a current account
curr- (to run, 跑) + -ent (形容词词缀) → 跑动中的 → 流动的
→ 在时间里跑动 → 正在进行中 → 现行的
n [C]
水流；电流；气流：
a warm ocean current
an electrical current
Some birds use warm air currents to help them fly.
（事件、时代等）趋势；潮流：
go with / against the current of the times
currency n [C] & [C] 通货；货币；支付手段
currently adv 现时；当前
figure out
figure out由 figure + out 组成：
figure → 是……的重要部分
out → 出外
把重要的部分找出来即“弄清楚；弄明白”。
借助小品词out去理解 figure out 的各义项。
弄清楚；弄明白：
College is when we should focus on a specific major, but high school is when we have to figure it out. 2015 湖南
I couldn’t figure out what I had done to annoy my boss.
计算出：
Have you figured out how much the trip will cost 2012 福建
figure out
弄清楚；弄明白
figure out
基本义
弄清楚； 弄明白
“弄清楚；弄明白”人 / 事情
“弄清楚；弄明白”数字等
计算出
figure out 语义网络图
argue
谈到“argue”一词，你可能会联想到怒气冲冲的人在“争吵”的画面。“争论；争吵”是你熟悉的argue的释义，但它还有另外一层释义——“论证”, 从某种程度上说，是常见释义“争论”在程度上的加深。通过其英语释义(to give reasons that support your opinion about sth) 即“给出理由支持你的观点”也可以更好地理解这层释义。
argue v
vi 争论；争辩；争吵：
argue (with sb) (about / over sth)
Do you ever argue with your family about which TV programme to watch
vi & vt 论证 to give reasons that support your opinion about sth：
The author argued for / against free university education. 2010 北京改
It has been argued by some that gifted children should be grouped in special classes. 2011 广东
argue表示“争论；争吵”时，后接介词 with 或 about / over。
语义程度递进
arguement n
[C] & [U] 争吵；争论；辩论：
have an argument (with sb) (about / over sth)
I got into a heated argument with a friend. 2013 重庆改
Settle the question by argument, not by fight.
[C] 论据；理由；论点：
This paragraph gives the arguments against cars.
We all found his argument convincing and interesting.
模式；方式；形式 the regular way in which sth happens, develops, or is done：
changing patterns of behaviour
Pay attention to the following sentence patterns.
She has got used to the new patterns of family life.
模型；纸样：
a dress pattern
图案；花样：
a pattern of dots
模范；榜样：
set the pattern for
基本义
pattern n [C]
模式
（基本义）
pattern
生活、行为等的“模式”
设计的图案、线条、色彩等有规律的“模式”
可以模仿的“模式”
模式；方式；形式
图案；花样
制作某物的“模式”
模型；纸样
模范；榜样
pattern 语义网络图
regular
regular 源自单词 rule（规则；规律）
它的基本义是“规则的；有规律的”
regular or irregular
规则的；有规律的；定期的 反 irregular having the same amount of space or time between each thing or part：
The sides of the building aren’t regular, so the building has an unusual shape. 2014 湖北
The equipment is checked on a regular basis.
[只用于名词前] 经常的；频繁的 happening or doing sth very often; frequent：
regular customers / readers
regular adj
[只用于名词前]正常的；惯常的；普通的：
a regular school / class
Our regular opening hours are 10 a.m. to 7 p.m.
持久的；稳定的 lasting or happening over a long period：
Maybe a regular job won’t be as dull as I feared. 2014 天津
[语法]规则的：
regular verbs and irregular verbs
regularly adv 有规律地；定期地；经常：
We meet regularly, once a month.
Two thirds of the world’s population regularly eat rice.
regular 语义网络图
regular
（有）规律的
（基本义）
事件发生的频率很高，其间“有”着内在的“规律”
事件通常情况下的发生“有规律”
事件“有规律”得
持续很长一段时间
经常的；
频繁的
正常的；
惯常的；
普通的
持久的；
稳定的
时间或空间间隔“有规律”
规则的；
有规律的； 定期的
regularly
有规律地；定期地
经常
平时发邮件的时候你留意过上图中的图标吗？这个图标是添加附件 (attach files) 的意思。附件英文为attachment，这个词的词根为 attach。
attach
attach 的词源义是“fasten (with a stake)”，即“把……绑 / 固定在……上”。
attach
attach v
vt 系；贴；连接 to fasten or join one thing to another：
I attached a photo to my application form.
While sleeping, astronauts must attach themselves to something so as to prevent floating around.
vt & vi [正式用语]（与……）有关联：
the advantage that attaches to wealth
vt 认为……有（重要性、价值、意义）to believe that sth is
important or worth thinking about:
To be honest, a lot of people attach great importance to becoming rich and famous.
Learning strategies, to which teachers attach importance / significance, haven’t drawn enough attention of students. 2009 湖北改
类似结构：apply oneself to, contribute sth to
attached adj
附着的：
the attached application form
[不用于名词前] 附属于：
The research center is attached to the university.
喜欢的；依恋的：
At first, we didn’t feel we belong here, but now we are attached to the land we live on.
attachment n
[C] 附件；附属品：
Please find my application letter and resume in the attachment. 2016 全国
[C] & [U] 情感；爱慕：
a child’s attachment to its mother
把……绑 / 固定在……上
attach
（基本义）
系；贴；连接
绑 / 固定的结果
把一个物体绑 / 固定在另一物体上
认为……有（重要性、价值、意义）
attach语义网络图
把抽象的重要性 / 价值等绑 / 固定在另一事物上
（与……）有关联
名词动词化
说出下列句子中画线词的汉语释义。
1. With no bed and pillow, he slept on the couch for one night. His head pillowed on his arms. _________
2. Seeing the traffic signal turned to red, the teacher signaled the students to stop and wait. __________
3. Earth orbits the Sun at an average distance of 149.6 million km and one complete orbit takes about 365 days. __________
4. I want to buy a monitor for my grandfather so he can monitor his blood pressure at any time. __________
5. My mother came over and brought a clean towel to let me towel my hair dry.
__________
6. The total of the rockets launched has rocketed from 10 in 2016 to 38 in 2018.
__________
英语中有很多名词可转化为动词，常表示具有该名词的活动特点或性质特征的动作。 例如，表示工具类的名词可转化为动词。
枕着
示意
围绕着……运动
检查 / 监测
用毛巾擦
迅速增加
形容词动词化
选出适当的动词， 并用其正确形式填空。
1. The government wishes to ________ the cause of peace（和平事业） .
2. John’s soldiers were ________ themselves for the final attack.
3. Doing some exercises helps ________ the body of tension.
4. Immediate action should be taken to ________ the environment.（2013 江苏）
5. Some people will gain weight, no matter how hard they try to ________.
6. In 1976, women ________ themselves with 26 weekly hours of sweeping-and-dusting work.（2009 全国）
7. I’ve ________ my pocket but I still can’t find my keys.
8. Deciding to ________the storm, he took his umbrella and went out.
英语中有很多形容词可转化为动词，常表示具有该形容词意义的动作。
ready, free, better, brave, further, slim, busy, empty
further
readying
free
better
slim
busied
emptied
brave
1. She is lacking in confidence.
2. College is when we should focus on a specific major, but high school is when we have to figure it out. 2015 湖南
3. I got into a heated argument with a friend. 2013 重庆改
4. The equipment is checked on a regular basis.
5. I attached a photo to my application form.
本单元金句汇总
随堂检测
用lack的正确形式或其短语填空。
1. The reason why he didn’t pass the driving test is ____________ practice.
2. He didn’t pass the driving test ____________ practice.
3. — Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview.
— ___________________ self-confidence is his Achilles’ heel, I am afraid. （2016 江苏）
4. The research ____________ solid evidence, and therefore, its conclusions are doubtful.（2012 浙江）
lack
lacking
for lack of
Lack of / A lack of
lacks
阿喀琉斯，是凡人珀琉斯和美貌仙女忒提斯的宝贝儿子。忒提斯为了让儿子炼成“金钟罩”，在他刚出生时就将其倒提着浸进冥河，遗憾的是，乖儿被母亲捏住的脚后跟却不慎露在水外，全身留下了惟一一处“死穴”。后来，阿喀琉斯被太阳神一箭射中了脚踝而死去。后人常以“阿喀琉斯之踵（Achilles’ heel）”譬喻这样一个道理：即使是再强大的英雄，他也有致命的死穴或软肋。
beyond
根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。
1. The bicycle is _______________ （无法修理）.
2. We must _______________ （眼光放远）for signs of change.
3. The situation was ______________________ （超出她的控制）.
4. How people design computer games ____________ （我无法理解）.
5. He spent $500 on a bicycle — it’s ___________________（无法相信）!
6. From the top of the hill we could see our house and _________________ （远处的树林）.
7. Working out in the morning provides additional benefits _____________
____________ （除了身体健康）.
beyond belief
beyond being
physically fit
beyond repair
look beyond
beyond her control
the woods beyond
is beyond me
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. He swam to the shore against a strong current. ___________
2. I felt a current of cool air blowing in my face. ___________
3. I started my current job in 1994. ___________
4. The other meaning of the word is still current. ___________
5. He must sell the house for the current market value.
___________
通用的
气流
现在的
水流
current
目前的 / 当前的
写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. It took them about one month to figure out how to start the equipment. ___________
2. Allen needs to sit down and figure out how many people are coming. ___________
3. We appreciate your apologies, but we hope that you can figure out a good way of settling the matter.（2014 辽宁）. ___________
弄清楚； 弄明白
计算出
找出
figure out
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. It is no use arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind. ______________
2. Some people choose not to eat meat because they believe that it is cruel to eat animals, but others argue that they can eat meat and still be kind to animals.（2012 广东） ______________
argue
争论 / 争吵
论证 / 争辩
二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. They have argued __________ each other for years __________ the best way to grow potatoes.
2. I got into a heated ___________ (argue) with a friend.
3. When you present reasons why you believe in something, you argue ________ it.
4. The main argument ___________ smoking is that it’s bad for your health.
with
about / over
for
argument
against
________ 1. This shirt has a black and white striped（有条纹的）pattern.
________ 2. This typical sleep pattern is usually referred to as the “night owl” schedule of sleep.（2014 四川阅读）
________ 3. The book set the pattern for over 40 similar historical romances.
________ 4. She bought a dress pattern and some material.
a. 模式；方式；形式 b. 模型；纸样
c. 图案；花样 d. 模范；榜样
c
a
d
b
pattern
选出画线词的正确释义。
一、将下列短语按 regular 的释义分类。
regular 释义 ：规则的；定期的；有规律的 following a pattern, especially with the same time and space in between each thing and the next
regular 释义 ：频繁的；经常的 happening or doing sth very often; frequent
regular 释义 __________________ ____________________
regular 释义 __________________ ____________________
a regular customer
a regular occurrence
on a regular basis
a regular heartbeat
regular
a regular customer, a regular heartbeat, on a regular basis,
a regular occurrence（常事）
二、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. After years of regular treatment, she finally became healthy. （2016 天津） ____________
2. The kite that is used to give lessons is a regular diamond kite with a rainbow pattern. （2012 安徽） ____________
3. On Monday he would have to return to his regular duties. ____________
4. The handsome actor has a face with regular features.
____________
5. This is the best burger in Houston for sure. I absolutely love getting a cheeseburger, regular fries and a soda here. _____________
正常的
端正的 （a face with regular features 五官端正的脸庞）
规则的
定期的
中份 / 标准的
三、根据汉语提示完成下列句子。
1. A person who avoids exercise is more likely to have illnesses than one who ______________________________________________（经常锻炼）. （2014 天津）
2. She couldn’t find any _________________ （固定的工作）.
3. I’m a ________________（忠实读者）of your newspaper. （2011 全国）
4. Hannah still has the normal life of a Winnipeg schoolgirl, except that she ___________________ （定期拜访）to homeless people. （2017 北京）
exercises regularly 或 takes / does regular exercise
pays regular visits
regular job
regular reader
一、写出下列句子中画线部分的汉语释义。
1. Long-ago builders could have attached wooden poles to the stones and rolled them across the sand.（2015 四川） _________________
2. No one is suggesting that any health risks attach to this product. _________________
3. The author wanted to express how much she is attached to her home.（2013 四川） _________________
4. He attached a colour printer to the computer. _________________
把……绑在
与……有关联
依恋的
连接
attach
二、用attach的正确形式填空。
1. In Britain, packets of cigarettes come with a government health warning ___________ to them.
2. I’ll email my report to you as an ___________.
三、根据所给提示翻译句子。
1. 家长们非常重视教育。（2008 江西）
___________________________________________
2. 在你的申请表上附上近照。
___________________________________________
attached
Attach a recent photograph to your application form.
Parents attach much importance to education.
attachment
谢
谢
观
赏