人教版（2019）高中英语必修第三册 Unit4Space Exploration单元测试（有答案）

Unit4 单元测试
第一部分阅读
第一节 阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
The Hedgehog Trail by J. Roshni Price：$2.99 Published May 15，2019Heed the e hedgedg（刺猬），lived in a beautiful place with her family. When fate（命运）dropped her in an adventure，she hurried to get back home. Heed was mistaken for quite a dangerous creature and everyone wanted her dead. It is the winner of the Malta National Book Prize award.
Thief of Hearts by Aunt Lily Price: $1.49 Published May 19, 2019All dogs are excited to celebrate Valentine's Day, especially for the puppy named Valentine But lovely Valentine has no idea that it is not only about celebrating him, but also everyone else. Join little Valentine as he discovers just how special Valentine's Day can be!
Pirats：A Tale of Mutiny on the High Seas by Rhian Waller Price：$2.29 Published May 19，2019Rip and her two sisters survived storms and conflict on the voyage to Jamaica. But trouble is on the horizon（即将来临）when ley meet some people who are not what they seem. Can Rip escape from the ship and find a way back to her family？
Some very Messy Medieval Magic by C. Lee McKenzie Price: $3.99 Published May 15, 2019Wizard Pete and his friend Weasel thought they’d closed the Time Lock. But a young waiter in 1173 in England goes missing His absence during an important moment will forever change history unless he's found There's only one way to solve the problem Pete must take the waiter's place. But what if he waiter remains lost Will Pete know what o do when the important moment arrives
1. What's special about the book written by J. Roshni
A. It is about a lovely dog
B. It is the cheapest one
C. It is intended for kids
D. It has won an award
2. What can we learn from Thief of Hearts
A. The love between a dog and its owner.
B. How to celebrate Valentine’s Day.
C. The history of Valentine’s Day.
D. How the dog got its name.
3.Which book will you choose if you are interested in the history of England
A. Thief of Hearts.
B. The Hedgehog Trail.
C. Some Very Messy Medieval Magic.
D. Pirats: A Tale of Mutiny on the High Seas.
B
Edmund Hailey was an English scientist who lived over 200 years ago. He studied the observations of comets(彗星)which other scientists had made. The orbit (轨道）of one particular comet was a very difficult mathematical problem. He could not figure it out. Neither could other scientists who dealt with such problems.
However, Hailey had a friend named Isaac Newton, who was a brilliant mathematician. Newton thought he had already worked out that problem, but he could not find the papers on which he had done it. He told Hailey that the orbit of a comet had the shape of an ellipse (捕圆形）.
Then Hailey set to work. He figured out the orbits of some of the comets that had been observed by scientists. He made a surprising discovery. The comets that had appeared in the years 1531，1607，and 1682 all had the same orbit. Yet their appearance had been 74 to 79 years apart.
This seemed very strange to Hailey. Three different comets followed the same orbit. The more Hailey thought about it，the more he thought that there had not been three different comets as people thought. He decided that they had simply seen the same comet three times. The comet had gone away and had come back again.
It was an astonishing idea! Hailey felt certain though (然而）to make a prediction(预言）of what would happen in the future. He decided that this would appear in the year 1758. There were 53 years to go before Hailey’s prediction could be tested. In 1758 the comet appeared in the sky. Hailey did not see it, for he had died some years before. Ever since then that comet has been called Hailey’s comet, in his honour.
4. Edmund Hailey figured out the orbit of__________.
A. some different comets appearing several times
B. the same comet appearing at different times
C. three different comets appearing at the same time
D. several comets appearing at the same time
5.Hailey made his discovery_______.
A. by doing experiments
B. by means of his own careful observation
C. by using the work of other scientists
D. by chance
6. When did Hailey make a surprising, but correct prediction
A. In 1704.
B. In 1705.
C. In 1706.
D. In 1707.
7.This passage in general is about________.
A. Hailey and other scientists
B. the orbit of a comet
C. Newton and Hailey
D. Hailey and his discovery
C
Of all the planets，none has captured (吸引) the world’s imagination like Mars. Its reddish (淡红白勺）colour and changes in brightness over time make the planet an unforgettable sight.
In Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey, a television science series from the 1980s，scientist Carl Sagan talked about some traditional ideas about Mars. Some of these ideas are from the English science fiction writer H. G. Wells，The War of the Worlds. Others are from the mistaken science of Percival Lowell，an American astronomer who believed intelligent beings lived on Mars. Wells described Martians as threatening. Lowell imagined them as the hopeful engineers of great works. Carl Sagan said that both ideas influenced the public deeply.
Today，Mars continues to excite humans—not as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected a wealth of (大量的)information from spacecrafts that have orbited, landed on and dug into the Martian surface.
The Smithsonian’s “Mars Day”offered a chance for people of all ages to touch Mars，or at least a piece of it. Allison and Alycia from Silver Spring, Maryland, brought their children，Grace，Sam，Ryan and Emma. They heard about Mars and its geology (地质）from experts. They could see a test version of the Viking landers that reached Mars in July of 1976. They also saw meteorites (隔石）known to have come from the red，or reddish planet. Eight-year-old Sam learned that the ancient description of Mars as red is not exactly right. He said，“It’s actually orange more than red and it’s also kind of brown, Emma is six. She learned about the volcanic(火山引起的）activity that has shaped the surface of Mars. She said，“The closest thing to Mars—the stuff—is from volcanoes mostly.”
“Mars Day” offered Allison and Alycia’s children a chance to learn more about a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.
8.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A. Why Martians were considered threatening.
B. Why Mars has captured the world’s imagination.
C. What people generally thought of Mars in the past.
D. How H. G. Wells got the idea for his science fiction.
9. It is implied in Paragraph 3 that ______.
A . today’s space scientists still know nothing about Mars
B. today’s space scientists are very interested in Mars
C. science fiction films are no longer set in Mars
D. space scientists haven’t made any progress in knowing Mars
10. Sam would probably agree that ________.
A. Mars is not really red
B.no meteorites have come from Mars
C. Mars cannot be described as a little brown
D. the ancient description of Mars color is true
11. What is the writer’s attitude towards the idea that humans will set foot on Mars
A. He thinks it may happen in this year.
B. He thinks it will always remain a dream.
C. He thinks it will come true within hundreds of years.
D. He thinks it may happen in the following decades.
D
Now many young people are traveling around the world on their own not because they have no one to travel with，but because they prefer to go alone.
Kristina Wegscheider, from California, first traveled alone when she was at college and believes that it is something everyone should do at least once in their life. “It opens up your mind to new things and pushes you out of your comfort zone，” she said. Wegscheider has visited 46 countries covering all seven continents.
In foreign countries, it is challenging with no one to help you read a map，look after you if you get ill, or lend you money if your wallet is stolen. This is what drives young people to travel alone. It is seen as character building and a chance to prove that they can make it on their own.
Chris Richardson decided to leave his sales job in Australia to go traveling last year. He set up a website, The Aussie Nomad, to record his adventures. He said he wished he had traveled alone earlier. “The people you meet, the places you visit, or the things you do, everything is up to you and it forces you to grow as a person，” said the 30-year-old man.
Richardson describes traveling alone as “a shot in the arm”，which“makes you a more confident person that is ready to deal with anything.” He said, “The feeling of having overcome something on my own is a major part of what drives me each day when I’m dealing with a difficult task. I walk around with my head up because I know deep down inside that nothing is impossible if you try.”
The great 19th century explorer John Muir once said, “Only by going alone in silence can one truly get into the heart of the wilderness.”
12. Which of the following will Kristina Wegscheider agree with
A. Traveling alone is a necessary experience for everyone.
B. It is more meaningful to travel in foreign countries.
C. It is comfortable to travel around with a friend.
D. Traveling abroad helps people to find new things.
13.Traveling alone is challenging because ______.
A. you have to make things on your own
B.it is hard for you to prove yourself to others
C.it will finally build your character
D. you can only depend on yourself whatever happens
14.What can we infer about Chris Richardson
A. He started traveling alone at an early age.
B. He was once shot in the arm.
C. He used to work as a salesman.
D. His website inspires others a lot.
15.What is the best title for the passage
A. Travel Abroad
B. Travel Alone
C. Travel Light
D. Travel Wide and Far
第二节
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填 入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Many of us deal with the rush every morning in preparation for work or school, but it doesn’t have to be this With a little time management, these steps can help you cut down on your morning stress.
Create an evening preparation routine.
16 These simple tasks will take you less than 10 minutes to complete each evening and will save you a huge headache every morning.
Get a good night’s sleep.
Make sure you start winding down for bed at a reasonable hour to allow enough time for a healthy nights sleep. 17 If needed, set a bedtime reminder alarm on our alarm clock. Always keep the temperature in your bedroom comfortably cool
18
An extra 10 minutes in the morning will make a difference. As long as you go to bed on time, waking up 10 minutes earlier should seem natural after just a few days. Use this time to think. shower and eat breakfast.
Plan a realistic day.
Writing things down means you don' t have to worry about forgetting to do them. 19 Write down anything that cannot be put off to the following day
20
Getting up to face a new day is far more satisfying when you have something to look forward to. Make sure you manage your time better so that you have time to do something you love on a daily basis.
A. Morning stress is very common
B. Schedule something you love daily
C. Never fill your mind with unnecessary worries
D. Make a summary of what you did in the daytime
E. Wake up 10 minutes earlier
F. Iron your clothes, locate your keys, plan a nutritious breakfast, etc.
G. Most people require seven to eight hours of sleep each night.
16.___________17.___________ 18.___________19. ___________20. ___________
第二部分语言运用
第一节
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Snowy wanted to be a show jumping horse. Every day she would 21 her mum to allow her to jump. Finally her mum decided she was 22 enough and they went into the jumping arena（竞技场）
Snowy was very excited，but when she saw how 23 the jumps were，she started shaking. I cant jump that high. It's a good idea that we 24 she said. Her mum said，I wouldn’t expect you to 25 that high. There’s a log（原木）on the ground. Why not start jumping over that？”Snowy gathered（积聚）her 26 ，walked to the log and then managed to jump over it I did it！she shouted happily. 27 ,her mum said, “You can’t just jump over logs if you want to be a show jumper. 28 ,the low jump over there.”
Again，Snowy was 29 but she tried it and found she could do it. As time went on，Snowy progressed to taller jumps，until finally she 30 the arena and looked at the tallest jumps. Over the past few weeks，something had 31 .These jumps seemed much less 32 to Snowy She jumped over them easily. Her mum looked with 33 at her and said, “This is what happens when you start 34 and build your way up.
So never be afraid of 35 in life but start small and keep trying. Then you'll be able to do anything.
21. A. ask B. warn C. force D. advise
22. A. old B. fay C. clever D. careful
23. A. deep B. high C. long D. far
24. A. wait B. leave C. stay D. settle
25. A. see B. stop C. start D. arrive
26. A. speed B. power C. doubt D. courage
27. A. Suddenly B. Immediately C. However D. Besides
28. A. Remember B. Try C. Carry D. Stud
29. A. nervous B. happy C. upset D. serious
30. A. missed B. liked C. entered D. needed
31. A. appeared B. changed C. begun D. continued
32. A. dangerous B. important C. familiar D. terrible
33. A. pride B. anger C. patience D. kindness
34. A. early B. young C. small D. smart
35. A. failures B. worries C. uncertainties D. difficulties
第二节
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Sean’s interest in sharks started very early in life. When Sean was just 3 years old, while 36 (watch) Shark Week, he learned that many sharks were killed just to use their fins (鳍）for soup! More than 100 million sharks 37 (kill) around the world each year. He could not believe this was happening.
38 Sean’s interest in sharks growing, he wanted to take action 39 (protect) sharks. And he made a 40 (decide) to start at home when he learned that his state of Massachusetts did not have a law 41 prevented shark-finning!
Sean wrote a letter to his state representative, Nangle, asking him to introduce a law. In his letter, Sean included a hand drawn shark with its fins 42 (remove) .
After a few 43 (try), he was successful. Massachusetts is now one of 10 states in America that ban (禁止)shark-finning.
Since then, Sean 44 (focus) his efforts on protecting sharks. And guess what Sean wants to be when he grows 45 A shark biologist, of course!
36. ___________37.___________38.___________39.___________40. __________
41.___________42.___________43.___________44.___________45. ___________
第三部分写作
第一节
假设你是李华。你班最近一次班会的主题是“太空探险的意义”。请你结合下表内容，用英语给《21世纪学生报》的“Voice Your Opinion”栏目投稿一篇，介绍你们讨论的情况并发表你的观点。
一些同学赞同 一些同学反对 你的观点
1.获得新知识；2.从太空获得新资源；3.给人类带来更大的生存空间 1.耗资巨大；2.宇航员的安全问题 ……
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。
Seventy-three-year-old George selected his food in Value Mart more carefully than NASA chose its candidates for the space shuttle. Skim milk (脱脂奶)was $2.99, on sale from $ 3.49; white bread, 89 cents with a ten-cent discount；table salt, 99 cents, 20 cents off the regular price. Leaving the cashier, he estimated that he had saved 80 cents today. He was pleased that he had got good value for his money again.
At the exit，the freezing wind reminded him of his gloves.“Now where are they ” Not in the coat pockets. Not in the grocery bag either. He was sure he was wearing them when he entered the store. The worried man made a second thorough search of all his pockets, again including the grocery bag. Now he was sure they must had been dropped somewhere inside the store.
Old George had bought the black gloves at a 25% discount, for just $35 ten years ago. His quick decision to buy the expensive gloves turned out to be a good one，which even promoted his social status on the bus，as poorer passengers stared at him enviously for six months out of the year. Losing this favourite possession was almost like losing a child to him.
Bad luck, he thought. He entered the store again and followed the same route he had walked before, then the rest of the store. But it did not take long to be convinced that the gloves were not in sight. His sharp eyes could not have missed them.
“Society has changed，and people have changed，”he said to himself.“Years ago, if somebody picked up something lost, they would return it. Not any more!”
On his way out, he went over to the cashier to ask if she had received any lost gloves, but she said no. Then he went to the manager’s office to ask the same question. She asked him what colour they were，and when he said “black”，there came another disappointing answer. For such a pair of expensive gloves, who would give them up Paragraph 1：
Back home, George was at a loss.______________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2 ：
After the holiday，poor George made a hard decision.______________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案：
1. D 2. B 3. C 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D
8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. C
15. B 16. F 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. B 21. A
22. A 23. B 24. B 25. C 26. D 27. C 28. B
29. A 30. C 31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. D
第一部分阅读理解
A
◎语篇解读:本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了2019年出版的四本图书。
1. D细节理解题。根据 The Hedgehog Trail中的 It is the winner of the Malta National Book Prize award.可知，这本书获得了奖项。
2. B细节理解题。根据 Thief of hearts的介绍可知，这本书讲述了一只名叫 Valentine的小狗庆祝情人节的故事，从中我们可以了解到如何庆祝情人节。
3. C细节理解题。根据 Some Very Messy Medieval Magic中的But a young waiter in1173 in England goes missing可知，该书中的故事发生在12世纪的英国，所以如果你对英国历史感兴趣，可以阅读此书。
B
◎语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了哈雷以及他是如何发现哈雷彗星的。
4. B细节理解题。根据文章第四段中的“He decided that they had simpl et three times.”及上文提到的看到彗星的时间分别是1531年、1607年和1682年可知，B项正确。
5. C细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“He studied the observations of comets（彗星）which other scientists had made.”以及第三段中的“He figured out the orbits.by scientists.”可知，哈雷的发现是在研究其他科学家们的观测结果时得出来的。故选C项。
6. B细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“He decided that this would appear in the year 1758.There were 53 years to go before Halley's prediction could be tested.”可知，哈雷预测彗星会在1758年出现，而这需要过53年才能得到验证，即1758-53=1705，故选B项。
7. D主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了科学家哈雷及他是如何发现哈雷彗星的。故选D项。
C
◎语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在“火星日”，人们可以对火星有更好的认识和了解。
8. C主旨大意题。通读第二段可知，这一段主要是讲人们过去对火星的一些传统认识，故选C。
9. B推理判断题。根据第三段“Today，Mars continues to excite humans--not as the object of science fiction but of scientific study. Space scientists have collected a wealth of（大量的）information…”可推断现在的航空科学家们对火星很感兴趣。
10. A细节理解题。根据第四段中的“He said，"It's actually orange more than red and it's also kind of brown.”可知，Sam认为火星并不是红色的，而是橘黄色甚至带点褐色，故选A。
11. D推理判断题。根据末段的“a world that they are very likely to set foot on within their lifetimes.”可知作者认为人类在接下来的几十年内就有可能登上火星。
D
◎语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文。文章主要通过几个人的例子讲述了人的一生中应该有一次独自旅行的经历，这样的经历可以很好地锻炼我们，培养我们的独立性和遇到事情后的处理能力，也是一次发现自己潜能的好机会。
12. A细节理解题。根据第二段首句 Kristina Wegscheider，from California. first traveled alone when she was at college and believes that it is something everyone should do at least once in their life.可知，Kristina Wegscheider认为独自旅行是人一生中必不可少的经历。故选A。
13. D细节理解题。根据第三段首句 In foreign countries，itis challenging with no one to help you read a map，look after you if you get ill，or lend you money if your wallet is stolen.可知，独自旅行具有挑战性是因为一切都要依靠自己。故选D。
14. C 细节理解题。根据第四段首句 Chris Richardson decided to leave his sales job in Australia to go traveling last year.可知Chris Richardson曾经是一名销售员。故选C。
15. B主旨大意题。这篇文章主要通过几个人的例子讲述了人的一生中应该有一次独自旅行的经历。故选B。
第二节
◎语篇解读:本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了如何摆脱早晨的压力。
16. F本段的主旨是 Create an evening preparation routine所以熨衣服，放好钥匙，准备营养早餐等具体的描述符合语境，故选F。
17. G前文的 to allow enough time for a healthy night's sleep与下文中的 If needed，set a bedtime reminder alarm.都与睡眠时间有关，根据语境可知应选G（大部分人每天晚上需要七到八小时的睡眠）。
18. E本段讲的是早起床10分钟的方法和好处，故选E。
19. C根据 Plan a realistic day.可知要安排较实际的一天，C项（永远不要让那些不必要的忧虑填满你的脑袋。）符合语境，故选C。
20. B根据下文中的 so that you have time to do something you love on a daily basis可知，你要安排好你每天喜欢做的事，故选B。
第二部分
语言运用
◎语篇解读:本文是一篇记叙文。Snowy从小梦想成为一匹马术场地障碍赛的赛马，但是当她发现障碍物很高的时候，她想要放弃。在妈妈的教导下，她从最基础的练习开始，最终实现了自己的梦想。
21. A根据文章第一句可知Snowy想成为一匹赛马，所以Snowy每天请求妈妈允许自己跳。
22. A由语境可知当 Snowy长到足够大的时候，妈妈才让她进人竞技场。
23. B根据下文 she started shaking以及 I can’t jump that high可知，当 Snowy看到障碍物很高的时候，她开始颤抖。
24. B因为不能跳那么高，所以 Snowy想离开竞技场。
25. C根据下文 Why not start jumping over that？可知，Snowy的妈妈并不期望 Snowy从很高的障碍物开始起跳。
26. D根据上文 Snowy害怕高的障碍物以及下文 walked to the log and then managed to jump over it可知，Snowy鼓起勇气去尝试跃过原木。
27. C根据空后 You can’t just jump over logs可知，Snowy虽然成功了，但是她的妈妈却觉得如果她想成为一匹马术场地障碍赛的赛马的话，她不能只是跃过原木，前后构成了转折关系。
28. B根据下文 but she tried it and found she could do it可知，Snowy的妈妈鼓励她尝试跃过低一点的障碍物。
29. A根据空前的 Again可知，Snowy在尝试跃过低障碍物时仍然感到紧张。
30. C Snowy想成为一匹马术场地障碍赛的赛马，所以妈妈使她进行了刻苦练习，再根据空前的 until finally可知，Snowy进入了竞技场。
31. B根据 She jumped over them easily可知，经过几周的练习事情发生了变化。
32. D根据 She jumped over them easily可知，这些障碍物对Snowy来说不那么可怕了。
33. A根据 Snowy发生的变化以及下文妈妈所说的话可知，妈妈为 Snowy感到骄傲。
34. C根据最后一段中的 but start small and keep try in可知，只要我们从小事开始做起，并不断尝试，最后就会发生让我们意想不到的事情。
35. D文中的 Snowy曾被困难吓到，认为自己不可能跃过高的障碍物，所以我们不要被困难吓倒。
第二节
◎语篇解读:Sean对鲨鱼有着浓厚的兴趣，并致力于保护鲨鱼，长大了想要成为一名鲨鱼生物学家。
36. watching考查非谓语动词。watch与he之间是主动关系，故填现在分词作状语。
37. are killed考查动词的时态和语态。主语和kill之间是被动关系，因此应该用被动语态。再根据时间状语 each year可知，此处应该用一般现在时。
38. with考查介词。根据空后面的现在分词 growing可知，此处应该填With，构成with的复合结构。此题很容易受翻译影响而填as，意为“随着”，但是as引导的是时间状语从句，从句中应有相应的谓语动词。
39. to protect考查非谓语动词。take action to do sth.采取行动做某事。
40. decision考査词性转换。所填词前有不定冠词，因此应该用单数可数名词。
41. which/that考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词是物，因此填 which或that。
42. removed考查非谓语动词。fins与 remove之间是被动关系，因此此处应填过去分词，表被动概念。此处为“with+名词+过去分词”结构。
43.tries考查名词单复数。根据空前面的a few可知，此处需要填可数名词复数。
44. has focused考查动词的时态。根据时间状语 Since then可知，此处应该用现在完成时。
45. up考查固定短语。grow up是固定短语，意为“长大”。
第三部分写作
第一节
One possible version：
Outer space explorations, yes or no
We had an argument over whether it is necessary to carry out outer space explorations at a class meeting the other day.
Some of us feel it important to research the outer space. Firstly, people can get a better understanding of the outer space through space explorations. Secondly, new resources can be found there for human use. Thirdly, these explorations can possibly bring new living space for human life.
However, others think very differently. They say this kind of exploration is much too costly. Besides, it is very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.
In my opinion, people should be pioneering and therefore such explorations into outer space are worth trying out.
第二节
One possible version：
Paragraph 1:
Back home, George was at a loss. In deep winter, he could not do anything without a pair of gloves. If he bought cheap ones again he would have to replace them very soon. If he bought a new leather pair, they would cost fifty dollars now. He was very upset that people no longer returned things they found on the road.
Paragraph 2:
After the holiday, poor George made a hard decision. He was to buy a new leather pair. Before boarding the subway, he stepped into Value Mart again to see if by any chance his gloves had been returned to the “Lost and found” office. “What colour are they ” the woman in the office asked again. “Black,” he gave the same answer. She looked into her drawer and drew out a pair of men’s leather gloves. “Are they ” “Yes! Those are mine!” answered George, his eyes shining with joy.
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