人教版(2019)必修 第三册Unit 5 The Value of Money Discovering Useful Structures and Listening and Talking 语法-

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名称 人教版(2019)必修 第三册Unit 5 The Value of Money Discovering Useful Structures and Listening and Talking 语法-
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更新时间 2023-03-10 22:59:06

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Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures and Listening and Talking 语法-精讲破
一、情态动词
1. can/could
①Although he is only four,he ① play the piano.
②That ② be Mary,for she is in hospital.
③— ③ I Borrow your bicycle
—Yes ,you ③ . /No, you ③ .
1. 表示能力:can表示现在的能力,could表示过去的能力;
2. 表示推测:can一般用于否定句及疑问句中;
3. could表示有礼貌地请求或建议,但回答时必须用can。
4. can可用于肯定句中表示一种客观的可能性,
2. may/might
① ① I use your computer.
②This pen ② be Tom’s
③You ③ as well start at once.
1. may表示征求对方意见
2. may表示可能性,不用于问句中,表示的可能性比can小;might既可指过去的可能性,也可指现在的可能性,表示的可能性比may更小;
3. may/might as well do sth. 意为“不妨做某事;还是做某事为好”。
3. shall should/ought to
he come in or wait outside?
①You ① hand in the report tomorrow.
②You ② be careful when crossing the street.
③He ③ ere by now.
④I don’t know why you ④ think that I did it.
1. shl用于第一、三人称作主语的疑问句中,表示征求对方意见;
2. shal用于第二、三人称作主语的陈述句中,表示命令、警告、允诺等;
3. should/ought to表示“应该”;
4. should/ought to可表示推测,意为“按道理说应该”;
5. should还可表示惊讶、意外等,意为“竟然”。
4. must/have to
①You ① be tired now.
If you ② know the secret I can tell you
— ③ I clean the room at once
—Yes, you ④ .
—No, you ⑤ .
1. must表示非常有把握的推测,仅用于肯定句中;
2. must表示“必须”,must侧重主观,have to表示“不得不”侧重客观;
3. must还可表示“偏要,非要”,表示说话者不耐烦、不满或生气;
4. 在回答must的问句时,否定回答通常用 needn’t或on’t have to(mustnt表禁止)。
5. will/would
you please lend me your pencil?
1. 表示请求,will/would主要用于第二人称作主语的疑问句中,would比will更委婉客气。
2. 表示意愿,will表示现在的意愿,would用于过去的情况,也可表示现在的意愿,但语气比wll更委婉。
6. need/dare
①You ① (不必)come so early.
②She ② (不敢)go out alone at night.
need意为“需要”,dare意为“敢”,二者都既可作情态动词也可作实义动词。
7. had better
You get some sleep
had better表示“最好……”,had常缩写为’d。
二、would do与was/were going to do
1. would do常表示在过去某个时间看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。
He said he would come to see me.
他说他要来看我。
2. was/were going to do有两个主要用法。一是表示过去的打算,二是表示在过去看来有迹象表示将要发生某事。
I thought it was going to rain.
我想要下雨了。
链接高考
选用can、could填空
1.(2019天津,阅读理解B,★☆☆)I often found myself telling my mom to drive more slowly,so that I ______ read all of the road signs we passed
2.(2018北京,12,★★☆)In today’s information age, the loss of data ______ cause serious problems for a company
3.(2017北京,21,★★☆)Samuel,the tallest boy in our class, ______ easily reach the books on the top shelf
选用may、might填空
4.(2019北京,阅读理解A,★☆☆)You have ______ chances to meet new people who’ll become your lifelong friends.
5.(2017课标全国I,阅读理解B,★★☆)I gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night ______ bring.
选择下列句中shall的含义
A. 允诺B. 警告C. 命令D. 征求意见
6.(2017江苏,书面表达,★☆☆)Mum shall we go and see a film tonight?______
7.(★★☆)One of our rules is that every student shall wear school uniform while at school. ______
选择下列句中should的含义
A. 应该 B. 应该会,想必会 C. 竟然
8.(2018课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解A,★☆☆)Students should read the list with their parents/carers , and select two activities they would like to do. ______
9.(2018江苏,24,★★☆)It’s strange that he should have taken the books without the owner s permission. ______
选择下列句中画线部分的含义
A. 偏要,非要B. 必须C. 肯定D. 禁止,不允许
10.(2019天津,阅读理解A,★☆☆)All participants must address how communication or transportation technology has promoted the quality of life for Americans throughout history. ______
11.(2015重庆,12,★★☆)You must be Carol. You haven’t changed a bit after all these years.
12.(2015福建,阅读理解A,★☆☆)On the way,they must not kick or throw heir cheese,or go into their competitors’ lane(赛道). ______
完成句子
13.(2017天津,2,★☆☆)我的房间很乱,但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫,我可以明天早晨再打扫。
My room is a mess,but I ______clean it before I go out tonight. I can do it in the morning.
14.(★★☆)许多人再也不敢接近大自然了。
Many people approach Nature any more
15.(★☆☆)你最好每天留出一些时间做运动,这样你才能保持精力充沛。
You ______ set aside some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic.
单项选择
16.(2015浙江,8,★★☆)Albert Einstein was born in 1879. As a child,few people guessed that he a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.
A. has been B. had been C. was going to be D. was
参考答案:
①can ② cant ③ Could; can; can’t
①May ②may ③may/might
3. ①Shall ②shall ③should/ought to ④should/ought to ⑤should
4. ①must②must③Must; must; needn’t/don’t have to
5. Will/Would
6. ①needn’t②dare not
7. had better
l. could 考查情态动词。句意:我经常发现我自己告诉我妈妈开慢点,这样我就能看清我们经过的所有路标。could在此处表示过去的能力。
2. can 考查情态动词。句意:在当今的信息时代,对于一个公司来说,数据的丢失会造成严重的问题。根据句意可知,此处要体现的是一种客观的可能性。故填Can。
3. can 考查情态动词。句意:塞缪尔是我们班里最高的男孩,他可以轻松地够到书架顶层的书。根据句意可知应用情态动词can“可以,能够”表示能力。
4. may 考查情态动词。句意:你可能会有机会遇到新的人,他们会成为你一生的朋友。用may表示不太肯定的推测。
5. might 考查情态动词。句意:我给了店主尽可能多的信息,然后回家看看那天晚上可能带来什么消息might表示推测,意为“或许,可能”。
6. D 7. C 8. A 9. C 10. B 11. C 12. D
13. needn’t 14. daren’t 15. had better
16. C 句意:阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦出生于1879年。在他小时候,很少有人会猜到他会成为一位用其理论改变全世界的著名科学家。根据语境可知此处要用过去将来时。