人教版（2019）高中英语必修第三册 学案Unit5 The Value of Money易混易错点辨析（有答案）
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【名师原创】：Unit5 易混易错点辨析
●whenever…, no matter when…
【教材原句】
You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者都有“无论什么时候，不管什么时候”的意思，意思基本一致，但用法稍有区别。
whenever…. 既可以引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。
no matter when… 只能引导让步状语从句，此时可以和whenever互换。
温馨提示：whatever/no mater what; wherever/no matter where; whichever/no matter which; whoever/no matter who; however/no matter how的用法与whenever/no matter when的用法基本相同。
【例句呈现】
Whenever/no matter when you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
无论何时你搬到一个新的地方, 你都应该找到火警报警站和离你房间最近的两个出口。
Whenever they go abroad depends on the passports.
不管他们什么时候出国，都要取决于签证。
However/no matter how you look at it, it's going to cost a lot.
不管你怎么看，它都要花很多钱。
She has the window open, however/no matter how cold it is outside.
不管外面多冷她都开着窗户。
However go there is a matter.
无论如何去那里都是个问题。
He hired himself out to whoever needed his services.
他以前从事临时服务业。
Come out of there, whoever/no matter how you are.
不管你是谁，从那里出来吧。
A media circus surrounded the royal couple wherever/no matter where they went.
无论王室夫妇走到何处，他们的身后都会跟着一大群媒体记者。
Wherever he goes is unimportant.
不管他去哪里都不重要。
Whatever/no matter what system you choose, it must be run in properly.
不管你选择什么样的体系，都必须经过适当的磨合。
The United States will do whatever it can to help Greece
美国将竭尽所能帮助希腊。
The situation is an awkward one, whichever/no matter which way you look at it.
无论从哪一方面看，这个局面都很尴尬。
Whichever/no matter which they choose, we must accept their decision.
无论他们如何选择，我们都必须接受他们的决定。
Just be sure to be aware of the safety regulations in whichever country you happen to be buying your eggs in.
你只需要留意你要买鸡蛋的那个国家的食品安全规定就行。
【考点过关】
用whenever/no matter when; whatever/no mater what; wherever/no matter where; whichever/no matter which; whoever/no matter who; however/no matter how填空
1. ________ you come here, please call me first.
2. I don't care _______ they will come from.
3. _______ he has put these books is unimportant.
4. ________ a problem arrives, do three things – face it, fight it and finish it.
5. _______ you start, it is important that you do not stop after starting.
6. _______ happens, I'll always be there for you.
7. _______ goes there, we’ll agree.
8. ______ they are, they will be helpful.
9. _______ you do, try your best.
10. We'll try our best to do _______ is right.
11. _______ is worth doing is worth doing well.
12. ________ wants to speak to me on the phone, tell them I'm busy.
13. _______ does best will get the prize.
14. _______ they select, we will disagree.
【参考答案】
1. No matter when/Whenever; 2. wherever; 3. Wherever; 4. Whenever/No matter when; 5. No matter when/how/Whenever/However; 6. No matter what/Whatever; 7. Whoever/No matter who; 8. Wherever/No matter where; 9. Whatever/No matter what; 10. whatever; 11. Whatever; 12. Whoever/ No matter who; 13. Whoever; 14. No matter which/Whichever
●seem; appear
【教材原句】
Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me! (教材P51)
Henry got upset with the brothers when they seemed too happy about his bad luck. (教材P53)
Well, what seems to be the trouble (教材P56)
After that, it seemed like everyone in London was talking about Henry. (教材P58)
Why, it seems that every banker and…. In the city is eager to meet you. (教材P58)
A man appears wearing a hat. (教材P60)
【辨析】
两者都有“看起来（好像、似乎…）”的意思，一般可以换用，但在个别殊结构用上的用法上有一定的区别。
seem 侧重指根据某种迹象作出的推断,也不一定是事实，常用于以下机构中：
① seem + n/adj. 似乎/好像….
② seem to be/to do sth. 好像是/做某事
③ it seems that从句 好像….
④ seem like…..看起来像….
⑤ it seems as if/though…..看起来好像…….
⑥ there seem to be….好像有…..
appear强调自身表现出, 流露出；appear 指外表给人的印象,可能是真象也可能是假象，不确定性更大一些，常用于以下结构或词组中：
① appear + n/adj. 似乎/好像…..
② appear to be/to do sth. 好像是/做某事
③ it appears that从句 好像….
④ what appears to be…看起来像….的东西
⑤ there appears to be…. 似乎/好像有……
⑥ appear out of nowhere 突然冒出来
⑦ appear overnight 一夜之间出现（反义：disappear overnight）
温馨提示：
①在seem like…. 和 it seems as if/though…..结构中，一般不能换成appear
②appear 表示“出现”时，不可与seem 换用
【例句呈现】
One day a stranger appeared on my doorstep.
一天，一个陌生人出现在我家门前。
She tried hard to appear/seem (to be) calm at the interview.
面试时她努力让自己显得镇静。
There’s evidence that people who have a purpose in life appear/seem to do better.
有证据显示有生活目标的人似乎表现得更加出色。
It seemed like a good idea.
这主意好像不错。
The theory without practice seems/appears to be the cars without motors.
没有实践的理论就像没有引擎的汽车。
It seems as if they didn’t care about Henry’s feelings at all.
他们似乎毫不在乎亨利的感受。
It seemed/appeared that he was lying.
他似乎在撒谎。
Everyone in the picture seems/appears to have put on some weight, don’t they
照片中每个人好像胖了，是不是？
He doesn’t seem/appear to be happy.
他看起来不高兴。
She seemed/appeared to have caught a cold.
她好像感冒了。
【考点过关】
用appear, seem的适当形式填空
1. He _______ to have traveled a lot.
2. He ________ to be very tired now.
3. He ________ to be a gentleman – he was wearing a suit, not like a thief at all.
4. It _______ as if he didn’t love her at all at that time.
5. It _________ to me that working experience is more important than a degree.
6. It ________ that he had a taste for music.
7. There ________ to be some disagreement between his words and actions at present.
8. It _______ like rain now.
【参考答案】
1. seems/appears; 2. seems/appears; 3. appeared/seemed; 4. seemed; 5. seems/
appears; 6. appeared/seemed; 7. seems/appears; 8. seems
●take part in; attend; join; join in; participate in
【教材原句】
They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside. (教材P53)
【辨析】
都有“参加”的意思，但用法稍有不同。
take part in指参加某项活动，重在说明参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用，当part前有形容词时，须用不定冠词。
attend后常接“会议、典礼、聚会”等名词作宾语，强调亲临现场；还可以用于正式的听课或上学等。
join “加入”各种团体、党派、组织、人群等，成为其中的一员。
join in “参加”，尤其指与其他人一起参加某项工作或活动。
participate in “参加，参与”，正式用语。
温馨提示：join in用法相当于take part in或participate in, 三者一般可以换用。指参与游戏时一般用join in
【例句呈现】
The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders.
90%的股东出席了会议。
Our children attend the same school.
我们的孩子上同一所学校。
Thousands of people attended the funeral.
数千人参加了葬礼。
I've joined an aerobics class.
我参加了有氧健身班。
She joined the Communist Party three months ago.
她三个月前加入共产党。
His wife and children moved to join him in their new home...
他的妻子和孩子们搬进了他们的新家，和他一起生活。
He joined the Army five years ago.
他5年前参军了。
May I join in the discussion
我可以参加讨论吗
I hope that everyone will be able to join in the fun
我希望每个人都能够加入进来，玩得开心。
It's no use egging him on; he's made up his mind not to take part in the tournament.
他已拿定主意不参加比赛了，你再将他也没有用。
More and more people are beginning to participate in the activity.
越来越多的人开始参加这项活动。
The researchers asked 25 university students to take an active part in their sleep experiment.
研究人员让25名大学生积极参加他们的睡眠实验。
【考点过关】
根据attend; join; join in; take part in; participate in 用法填空
1. They ______ college together at the University of Pennsylvania last year.
2. We all _______ his wedding yesterday.
3. Now and again he'd ______ when we were playing video games.
4. They _______ the sport that interests them most.
5. He also writes articles, hoping that more people will _____ protecting natural ecosystems.
6. Ally has learned how to work with Clara and to get her to _______ the lessons.
7. A teen might ______ a volunteer project because his or her friends are doing it, or get good grades because his or her friends think getting good grades is important.
8. They all _______ the Trade Union last year.
【参考答案】
1. attended ; 2. attended; 3. join in ; 4. join in/take part in/participate in; 5. join in/take part in/participate in; 6. join in/take part in/participate in; 7. join in/take part in/participate in; 8. joined
●spend; cost; pay
【教材原句】
Oh, I’d rather not pay you now. (教材P56)
I’d like to pay in a month. (教材P56)
【辨析】
三个词都有“花钱”之意，但用法上有一定的区别。
spend 主语一般是人， 常用在以下结构中：
sb. spend some time / money on sth. 某人在某事上花费时间或金钱
sb. spend some time/money (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间或金钱做某事
sb. spend money for sth. 花钱买某物
cost 主语是某物或某事，常用在以下机构中：
sth. cost(sb.) some time 某物花了（某人）多少钱
(doing) sth. cost (sb.) some time/effort （做）某事花费（耗费）（某人）多少时间或努力；cost 也可以作名词，表示“费用，成本”。
pay 主语一般是人，表示“付款，赔偿”, 常用在以下结构中：
sb. pay some money for sth. 某人为某物付钱
sb. pay sb. some money for sth. 某人付给某人买….的钱
sb. pack some money back 某人还钱
sb. pay off money/debt 某人还清钱或债
【例句呈现】
She spent 100 on a new dress.
她花100英镑买了一条新连衣裙。
How long did you spend on your homework
你做家庭作业用了多长时间？
She would pinch on food in order to spend on clothing.
她过去常把伙食费省下来买衣服.
I spend most of my working day sitting at a desk.
我一天之中大部分工作时间都坐在办公桌旁。
We calculated the cost of building a new house.
我们计算了造一座新房子的费用。
That car must have cost a bundle.
这辆汽车一定值很多钱。
How much do the vegetables cost
这些蔬菜值多少钱？
The work was cost by the engineer at $50,000.
这项工程据工程师估价为50 000美元。
Let me pay for dinner.
晚饭让我来付。
He'll have to pay off all his debts.
他必须偿清他的一切债务。
【考点过关】
根据spend, cost和pay的用法填空
1. She spends too much effort _______ things that don't matter.
2. Businessmen spend enormous amounts _______ (advertise) their products.
3. You should spend time on basic training, not ______ those flourishes.
4. The company has spent thousands of pounds _______ (update) their computer systems.
5. This energy could be much better spent _______ (take) some positive action.
6. The new car will _______ (cost/pay) 5000 at the lowest computation.
7. Finishing the project ________ (cost/pay) them two years.
8. They paid 3,000 yuan ________ these desks.
9. After ten years of hard work, she paid ________ all her debts at last.
10. The old woman ________ (cost/paid) 20 dollars for the three books in English.
【参考答案】
1. on; 2. advertising; 3. on; 4. updating; 5. taking; 6. cost; 7. cost; 8. for; 9. off/back; 10. paid
●clothes; cloth; clothing
【教材原句】
Now, you shouldn’t judge people by their clothes. (教材P56)
【辨析】
中这三者都与衣服有关，词形上也很相似
clothes 表示的衣服包括上衣、裤子、外衣等各部分，永远是复数形式。
温馨提示：
①clothes前不能用数词修饰，但可以用形容词性物主代词my, their, his, her, our, your、指示代词these, those和不定代词many，a few, several， some等词修饰。
正：those clothes / few clothes / many clothes
误：a clothes / two clothes / three clothes
② clothes单独做主语时，谓语动词须用复数形式; 但a suit of clothes(一套衣 服)做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
③clothes可受某些名词修饰，表示不同用途的衣服，如：school clothes（校服），sports clothes（运动服），work clothes（工作服），play clothes（休闲服）等；表示不同季节穿的服装，如spring clothes（春装）、summer clothes（夏装）、autumn clothes（秋装）、winter clothes（冬装）；还有men’s clothes（男装），women’s clothes（女装），children’s clothes（童装）等，但是“婴儿服装”是baby clothes，通常不说babies’ clothes。
④表示一套衣服，可以借助suit或set，如：a suit of clothes(一套衣服)；two suits of clothes(二套衣服)等。
cloth指做衣服等用的材料，如布料，毛料、丝绸等，是物质名词，不可数，不能和不定冠词a连用， 表示“一块布料”是：a piece of cloth/an article of cloth/an item of cloth，类似的表达还有：
Three pieces/articles/items of cloth 三块布；three yards of cloth 3码布；a roll of cloth 一卷布。
温馨提示：
当cloth和某些名词构成复合名词时，指有特殊用途的一块布，是可数名词。如: a dustcloth/a dust cloth 一块抹布；a tablecloth/a table cloth 一块桌布；
a dishcloth/a dish cloth 一块洗碗布；a face cloth 一块洗脸毛巾。以上这种情况时，可以根据上下文语境简称为a cloth.
clothing表示“衣服”的总称，是一个不可数的集合名词, 永远用单数形式。
温馨提示：
①如果要表示“一件衣服”，可借助单位词article, item或piece, 即: an article of clothing/an item of clothing/a piece of clothing；
三件衣服: three pieces /items/articles of clothing
②汉语说中的“衣食”，在英语中通常表达为food and clothing。
③习语a wolf in sheep’s clothing的意思是“披着羊皮的狼”，其中的clothing习惯用法，一般不可能换成clothes。
【例句呈现】
This kind of cloth wears well.
这种布料很耐穿的。
Can you see any difference between these two pieces of cloth
你能看出这两块布料的不同吗
They handed each of us a hot wet cloth to wipe our hands.
他递给我们每人一块温热的湿布擦手。
The box was covered with a black cloth by the magician.
盒子被魔术师盖上黑布。
Your clothes are in the bedside table.
你的衣服在床头柜里。
Please send these clothes to the laundry.
请把这些衣服送到洗衣 店去。
There was a suit of clothes on his bed.
他的床上有一套衣服。
He had to buy a good many clothes.
他得买很多衣服。
This shop sells children's clothing.
这家商店出售童装。
They provided the refugees with food and clothing.
他们向难民提供食品和衣物。
No matter where we are, we always have food, clothing, and shelter us as well as people who love us.
无论身在何处，我们都能得到衣食和庇护，还有关爱我们的人。
We need warm clothing for the winter.
我们需要暖和的衣服过冬。
【考点过关】
1. I found an article of ________ in his office.
2. Where did he get his ________ made？
3. What do you think of this suit of ________
4. She bought some ________ to make some new dresses.
5. The ________ feels smooth and soft.
6. Pass me a table ________, please.
7. Those curtain ________ need washing.
8. Our ________ protects us from the cold.
9. We have enough food and _____________ for the winter.
10. She’s got many beautiful ____________.
11. _________ can be made from any kind of ________ including wool and cotton.
12. How much _______ will I need to make a pair of trousers
13. She often wears beautiful _________.
14. You should give all the old ________ away.
【参考答案】
1. clothing; 2. clothes ; 3. clothes; 4. cloth; 5. cloth ; 6. cloth ; 7. cloths ; 8. clothing ; 9. clothing ; 10. clothes ;11. Clothing ; cloth ; 12. cloth ;13. clothes ;14. clothing
●remember doing sth.; remember to do sth.
【教材原句】
I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this… (教材P56)
【辨析】
两者意义完全不同。
remember doing sth. 表示““记得已经做过某事”。
remember to do sth. 表示“记住将要做某事”。
【例句呈现】
Remember to do so because you want to and not because you have to.
要记住确保这些都是你自己想做的，而非不得不做的。
I remembered tuning off the lights when I left the room.
我记得我关灯了,当我离开房间的时候.(灯已经关了)
But remember to do your homework before stepping into the conference hall, or you will feel like a rudderless boat in mid-sea.
但是要记得在走进会议大厅之前做好准备工作，否则你会感到就像在大海中间的一艘无舵的小船。
Cut this cake in half and give one of the pieces to your sister, but remember to do it like a gentleman.
把蛋糕切成两半，给你妹妹一份，不过，你得记住要做得像一个绅士那样。
I can't remember doing it so I can't deny it.
我不记得我有没有做过这样的事，所以我不能否认。
You can also set a due date for the tasks to make sure you'll remember to do them on time.
你还可以设定一个适当的日期为任务，以确保你会永远记得按时去做。
I don't even remember doing it!
我自己都不记的我干过！
I can remember doing some really, really spectacular doodles.
我记得曾经画出真的很棒的涂鸦。
I can't remember doing it so I can't deny it.
我不记得我有没有做过这样的事，所以我不能否认。
Don't you remember seeing the man before
你不记得以前见过那个人吗
【考点过关】
根据remember to do sth.和remember doing sth.的用法填空
1. I don't remember ______ (say) anything to get you so mad at me.
2. Where ever you are, whatever you are doing, if you haven't said Happy Mother's Day to your mom yet, remember ______ (do) so.
3. I remember ________ (do) something on a regular basis that hardly anyone does any more.
4. Remember _______ (let) the cat out when you leave.
5. I remember _______ (turn) off the light, why are they on now
6. But remember ______ (carry) out some stretches first before you start to take some exercise.
7. I remember ______ (hand) in my homework，but it still in my school bag.
8. Remember ______ (do) this for your parents tomorrow.
9. Don't you remember _______ (tell) me the story yesterday
10. Before you take that call or go to the in-person meeting, remember ______ (make ) some preparations.
11. I hope you will remember _______ (do) something that makes you happy, try to find a way to serve,
【参考答案】
1. saying; 2. to do; 3. doing; 4. to let; 5. turning; 6. to carry; 7. handing; 8. to do; 9. telling; 10. make; 11. to do
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●whenever…, no matter when…
【教材原句】
You must come whenever you want and have whatever you like. (教材P51)
【辨析】
两者都有“无论什么时候，不管什么时候”的意思，意思基本一致，但用法稍有区别。
whenever…. 既可以引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。
no matter when… 只能引导让步状语从句，此时可以和whenever互换。
温馨提示：whatever/no mater what; wherever/no matter where; whichever/no matter which; whoever/no matter who; however/no matter how的用法与whenever/no matter when的用法基本相同。
【例句呈现】
Whenever/no matter when you move to a new area, you should locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.
无论何时你搬到一个新的地方, 你都应该找到火警报警站和离你房间最近的两个出口。
Whenever they go abroad depends on the passports.
不管他们什么时候出国，都要取决于签证。
However/no matter how you look at it, it's going to cost a lot.
不管你怎么看，它都要花很多钱。
She has the window open, however/no matter how cold it is outside.
不管外面多冷她都开着窗户。
However go there is a matter.
无论如何去那里都是个问题。
He hired himself out to whoever needed his services.
他以前从事临时服务业。
Come out of there, whoever/no matter how you are.
不管你是谁，从那里出来吧。
A media circus surrounded the royal couple wherever/no matter where they went.
无论王室夫妇走到何处，他们的身后都会跟着一大群媒体记者。
Wherever he goes is unimportant.
不管他去哪里都不重要。
Whatever/no matter what system you choose, it must be run in properly.
不管你选择什么样的体系，都必须经过适当的磨合。
The United States will do whatever it can to help Greece
美国将竭尽所能帮助希腊。
The situation is an awkward one, whichever/no matter which way you look at it.
无论从哪一方面看，这个局面都很尴尬。
Whichever/no matter which they choose, we must accept their decision.
无论他们如何选择，我们都必须接受他们的决定。
Just be sure to be aware of the safety regulations in whichever country you happen to be buying your eggs in.
你只需要留意你要买鸡蛋的那个国家的食品安全规定就行。
【考点过关】
用whenever/no matter when; whatever/no mater what; wherever/no matter where; whichever/no matter which; whoever/no matter who; however/no matter how填空
1. ________ you come here, please call me first.
2. I don't care _______ they will come from.
3. _______ he has put these books is unimportant.
4. ________ a problem arrives, do three things – face it, fight it and finish it.
5. _______ you start, it is important that you do not stop after starting.
6. _______ happens, I'll always be there for you.
7. _______ goes there, we’ll agree.
8. ______ they are, they will be helpful.
9. _______ you do, try your best.
10. We'll try our best to do _______ is right.
11. _______ is worth doing is worth doing well.
12. ________ wants to speak to me on the phone, tell them I'm busy.
13. _______ does best will get the prize.
14. _______ they select, we will disagree.
【参考答案】
1. No matter when/Whenever; 2. wherever; 3. Wherever; 4. Whenever/No matter when; 5. No matter when/how/Whenever/However; 6. No matter what/Whatever; 7. Whoever/No matter who; 8. Wherever/No matter where; 9. Whatever/No matter what; 10. whatever; 11. Whatever; 12. Whoever/ No matter who; 13. Whoever; 14. No matter which/Whichever
●seem; appear
【教材原句】
Well, it may seem lucky to you but not to me! (教材P51)
Henry got upset with the brothers when they seemed too happy about his bad luck. (教材P53)
Well, what seems to be the trouble (教材P56)
After that, it seemed like everyone in London was talking about Henry. (教材P58)
Why, it seems that every banker and…. In the city is eager to meet you. (教材P58)
A man appears wearing a hat. (教材P60)
【辨析】
两者都有“看起来（好像、似乎…）”的意思，一般可以换用，但在个别殊结构用上的用法上有一定的区别。
seem 侧重指根据某种迹象作出的推断,也不一定是事实，常用于以下机构中：
① seem + n/adj. 似乎/好像….
② seem to be/to do sth. 好像是/做某事
③ it seems that从句 好像….
④ seem like…..看起来像….
⑤ it seems as if/though…..看起来好像…….
⑥ there seem to be….好像有…..
appear强调自身表现出, 流露出；appear 指外表给人的印象,可能是真象也可能是假象，不确定性更大一些，常用于以下结构或词组中：
① appear + n/adj. 似乎/好像…..
② appear to be/to do sth. 好像是/做某事
③ it appears that从句 好像….
④ what appears to be…看起来像….的东西
⑤ there appears to be…. 似乎/好像有……
⑥ appear out of nowhere 突然冒出来
⑦ appear overnight 一夜之间出现（反义：disappear overnight）
温馨提示：
①在seem like…. 和 it seems as if/though…..结构中，一般不能换成appear
②appear 表示“出现”时，不可与seem 换用
【例句呈现】
One day a stranger appeared on my doorstep.
一天，一个陌生人出现在我家门前。
She tried hard to appear/seem (to be) calm at the interview.
面试时她努力让自己显得镇静。
There’s evidence that people who have a purpose in life appear/seem to do better.
有证据显示有生活目标的人似乎表现得更加出色。
It seemed like a good idea.
这主意好像不错。
The theory without practice seems/appears to be the cars without motors.
没有实践的理论就像没有引擎的汽车。
It seems as if they didn’t care about Henry’s feelings at all.
他们似乎毫不在乎亨利的感受。
It seemed/appeared that he was lying.
他似乎在撒谎。
Everyone in the picture seems/appears to have put on some weight, don’t they
照片中每个人好像胖了，是不是？
He doesn’t seem/appear to be happy.
他看起来不高兴。
She seemed/appeared to have caught a cold.
她好像感冒了。
【考点过关】
用appear, seem的适当形式填空
1. He _______ to have traveled a lot.
2. He ________ to be very tired now.
3. He ________ to be a gentleman – he was wearing a suit, not like a thief at all.
4. It _______ as if he didn’t love her at all at that time.
5. It _________ to me that working experience is more important than a degree.
6. It ________ that he had a taste for music.
7. There ________ to be some disagreement between his words and actions at present.
8. It _______ like rain now.
【参考答案】
1. seems/appears; 2. seems/appears; 3. appeared/seemed; 4. seemed; 5. seems/
appears; 6. appeared/seemed; 7. seems/appears; 8. seems
●take part in; attend; join; join in; participate in
【教材原句】
They were going to find someone to take part in their bet when they saw Henry walking on the street outside. (教材P53)
【辨析】
都有“参加”的意思，但用法稍有不同。
take part in指参加某项活动，重在说明参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用，当part前有形容词时，须用不定冠词。
attend后常接“会议、典礼、聚会”等名词作宾语，强调亲临现场；还可以用于正式的听课或上学等。
join “加入”各种团体、党派、组织、人群等，成为其中的一员。
join in “参加”，尤其指与其他人一起参加某项工作或活动。
participate in “参加，参与”，正式用语。
温馨提示：join in用法相当于take part in或participate in, 三者一般可以换用。指参与游戏时一般用join in
【例句呈现】
The meeting was attended by 90% of shareholders.
90%的股东出席了会议。
Our children attend the same school.
我们的孩子上同一所学校。
Thousands of people attended the funeral.
数千人参加了葬礼。
I've joined an aerobics class.
我参加了有氧健身班。
She joined the Communist Party three months ago.
她三个月前加入共产党。
His wife and children moved to join him in their new home...
他的妻子和孩子们搬进了他们的新家，和他一起生活。
He joined the Army five years ago.
他5年前参军了。
May I join in the discussion
我可以参加讨论吗
I hope that everyone will be able to join in the fun
我希望每个人都能够加入进来，玩得开心。
It's no use egging him on; he's made up his mind not to take part in the tournament.
他已拿定主意不参加比赛了，你再将他也没有用。
More and more people are beginning to participate in the activity.
越来越多的人开始参加这项活动。
The researchers asked 25 university students to take an active part in their sleep experiment.
研究人员让25名大学生积极参加他们的睡眠实验。
【考点过关】
根据attend; join; join in; take part in; participate in 用法填空
1. They ______ college together at the University of Pennsylvania last year.
2. We all _______ his wedding yesterday.
3. Now and again he'd ______ when we were playing video games.
4. They _______ the sport that interests them most.
5. He also writes articles, hoping that more people will _____ protecting natural ecosystems.
6. Ally has learned how to work with Clara and to get her to _______ the lessons.
7. A teen might ______ a volunteer project because his or her friends are doing it, or get good grades because his or her friends think getting good grades is important.
8. They all _______ the Trade Union last year.
【参考答案】
1. attended ; 2. attended; 3. join in ; 4. join in/take part in/participate in; 5. join in/take part in/participate in; 6. join in/take part in/participate in; 7. join in/take part in/participate in; 8. joined
●spend; cost; pay
【教材原句】
Oh, I’d rather not pay you now. (教材P56)
I’d like to pay in a month. (教材P56)
【辨析】
三个词都有“花钱”之意，但用法上有一定的区别。
spend 主语一般是人， 常用在以下结构中：
sb. spend some time / money on sth. 某人在某事上花费时间或金钱
sb. spend some time/money (in) doing sth. 某人花费时间或金钱做某事
sb. spend money for sth. 花钱买某物
cost 主语是某物或某事，常用在以下机构中：
sth. cost(sb.) some time 某物花了（某人）多少钱
(doing) sth. cost (sb.) some time/effort （做）某事花费（耗费）（某人）多少时间或努力；cost 也可以作名词，表示“费用，成本”。
pay 主语一般是人，表示“付款，赔偿”, 常用在以下结构中：
sb. pay some money for sth. 某人为某物付钱
sb. pay sb. some money for sth. 某人付给某人买….的钱
sb. pack some money back 某人还钱
sb. pay off money/debt 某人还清钱或债
【例句呈现】
She spent 100 on a new dress.
她花100英镑买了一条新连衣裙。
How long did you spend on your homework
你做家庭作业用了多长时间？
She would pinch on food in order to spend on clothing.
她过去常把伙食费省下来买衣服.
I spend most of my working day sitting at a desk.
我一天之中大部分工作时间都坐在办公桌旁。
We calculated the cost of building a new house.
我们计算了造一座新房子的费用。
That car must have cost a bundle.
这辆汽车一定值很多钱。
How much do the vegetables cost
这些蔬菜值多少钱？
The work was cost by the engineer at $50,000.
这项工程据工程师估价为50 000美元。
Let me pay for dinner.
晚饭让我来付。
He'll have to pay off all his debts.
他必须偿清他的一切债务。
【考点过关】
根据spend, cost和pay的用法填空
1. She spends too much effort _______ things that don't matter.
2. Businessmen spend enormous amounts _______ (advertise) their products.
3. You should spend time on basic training, not ______ those flourishes.
4. The company has spent thousands of pounds _______ (update) their computer systems.
5. This energy could be much better spent _______ (take) some positive action.
6. The new car will _______ (cost/pay) 5000 at the lowest computation.
7. Finishing the project ________ (cost/pay) them two years.
8. They paid 3,000 yuan ________ these desks.
9. After ten years of hard work, she paid ________ all her debts at last.
10. The old woman ________ (cost/paid) 20 dollars for the three books in English.
【参考答案】
1. on; 2. advertising; 3. on; 4. updating; 5. taking; 6. cost; 7. cost; 8. for; 9. off/back; 10. paid
●clothes; cloth; clothing
【教材原句】
Now, you shouldn’t judge people by their clothes. (教材P56)
【辨析】
中这三者都与衣服有关，词形上也很相似
clothes 表示的衣服包括上衣、裤子、外衣等各部分，永远是复数形式。
温馨提示：
①clothes前不能用数词修饰，但可以用形容词性物主代词my, their, his, her, our, your、指示代词these, those和不定代词many，a few, several， some等词修饰。
正：those clothes / few clothes / many clothes
误：a clothes / two clothes / three clothes
② clothes单独做主语时，谓语动词须用复数形式; 但a suit of clothes(一套衣 服)做主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
③clothes可受某些名词修饰，表示不同用途的衣服，如：school clothes（校服），sports clothes（运动服），work clothes（工作服），play clothes（休闲服）等；表示不同季节穿的服装，如spring clothes（春装）、summer clothes（夏装）、autumn clothes（秋装）、winter clothes（冬装）；还有men’s clothes（男装），women’s clothes（女装），children’s clothes（童装）等，但是“婴儿服装”是baby clothes，通常不说babies’ clothes。
④表示一套衣服，可以借助suit或set，如：a suit of clothes(一套衣服)；two suits of clothes(二套衣服)等。
cloth指做衣服等用的材料，如布料，毛料、丝绸等，是物质名词，不可数，不能和不定冠词a连用， 表示“一块布料”是：a piece of cloth/an article of cloth/an item of cloth，类似的表达还有：
Three pieces/articles/items of cloth 三块布；three yards of cloth 3码布；a roll of cloth 一卷布。
温馨提示：
当cloth和某些名词构成复合名词时，指有特殊用途的一块布，是可数名词。如: a dustcloth/a dust cloth 一块抹布；a tablecloth/a table cloth 一块桌布；
a dishcloth/a dish cloth 一块洗碗布；a face cloth 一块洗脸毛巾。以上这种情况时，可以根据上下文语境简称为a cloth.
clothing表示“衣服”的总称，是一个不可数的集合名词, 永远用单数形式。
温馨提示：
①如果要表示“一件衣服”，可借助单位词article, item或piece, 即: an article of clothing/an item of clothing/a piece of clothing；
三件衣服: three pieces /items/articles of clothing
②汉语说中的“衣食”，在英语中通常表达为food and clothing。
③习语a wolf in sheep’s clothing的意思是“披着羊皮的狼”，其中的clothing习惯用法，一般不可能换成clothes。
【例句呈现】
This kind of cloth wears well.
这种布料很耐穿的。
Can you see any difference between these two pieces of cloth
你能看出这两块布料的不同吗
They handed each of us a hot wet cloth to wipe our hands.
他递给我们每人一块温热的湿布擦手。
The box was covered with a black cloth by the magician.
盒子被魔术师盖上黑布。
Your clothes are in the bedside table.
你的衣服在床头柜里。
Please send these clothes to the laundry.
请把这些衣服送到洗衣 店去。
There was a suit of clothes on his bed.
他的床上有一套衣服。
He had to buy a good many clothes.
他得买很多衣服。
This shop sells children's clothing.
这家商店出售童装。
They provided the refugees with food and clothing.
他们向难民提供食品和衣物。
No matter where we are, we always have food, clothing, and shelter us as well as people who love us.
无论身在何处，我们都能得到衣食和庇护，还有关爱我们的人。
We need warm clothing for the winter.
我们需要暖和的衣服过冬。
【考点过关】
1. I found an article of ________ in his office.
2. Where did he get his ________ made？
3. What do you think of this suit of ________
4. She bought some ________ to make some new dresses.
5. The ________ feels smooth and soft.
6. Pass me a table ________, please.
7. Those curtain ________ need washing.
8. Our ________ protects us from the cold.
9. We have enough food and _____________ for the winter.
10. She’s got many beautiful ____________.
11. _________ can be made from any kind of ________ including wool and cotton.
12. How much _______ will I need to make a pair of trousers
13. She often wears beautiful _________.
14. You should give all the old ________ away.
【参考答案】
1. clothing; 2. clothes ; 3. clothes; 4. cloth; 5. cloth ; 6. cloth ; 7. cloths ; 8. clothing ; 9. clothing ; 10. clothes ;11. Clothing ; cloth ; 12. cloth ;13. clothes ;14. clothing
●remember doing sth.; remember to do sth.
【教材原句】
I remember thinking that never would I hold such a note as this… (教材P56)
【辨析】
两者意义完全不同。
remember doing sth. 表示““记得已经做过某事”。
remember to do sth. 表示“记住将要做某事”。
【例句呈现】
Remember to do so because you want to and not because you have to.
要记住确保这些都是你自己想做的，而非不得不做的。
I remembered tuning off the lights when I left the room.
我记得我关灯了,当我离开房间的时候.(灯已经关了)
But remember to do your homework before stepping into the conference hall, or you will feel like a rudderless boat in mid-sea.
但是要记得在走进会议大厅之前做好准备工作，否则你会感到就像在大海中间的一艘无舵的小船。
Cut this cake in half and give one of the pieces to your sister, but remember to do it like a gentleman.
把蛋糕切成两半，给你妹妹一份，不过，你得记住要做得像一个绅士那样。
I can't remember doing it so I can't deny it.
我不记得我有没有做过这样的事，所以我不能否认。
You can also set a due date for the tasks to make sure you'll remember to do them on time.
你还可以设定一个适当的日期为任务，以确保你会永远记得按时去做。
I don't even remember doing it!
我自己都不记的我干过！
I can remember doing some really, really spectacular doodles.
我记得曾经画出真的很棒的涂鸦。
I can't remember doing it so I can't deny it.
我不记得我有没有做过这样的事，所以我不能否认。
Don't you remember seeing the man before
你不记得以前见过那个人吗
【考点过关】
根据remember to do sth.和remember doing sth.的用法填空
1. I don't remember ______ (say) anything to get you so mad at me.
2. Where ever you are, whatever you are doing, if you haven't said Happy Mother's Day to your mom yet, remember ______ (do) so.
3. I remember ________ (do) something on a regular basis that hardly anyone does any more.
4. Remember _______ (let) the cat out when you leave.
5. I remember _______ (turn) off the light, why are they on now
6. But remember ______ (carry) out some stretches first before you start to take some exercise.
7. I remember ______ (hand) in my homework，but it still in my school bag.
8. Remember ______ (do) this for your parents tomorrow.
9. Don't you remember _______ (tell) me the story yesterday
10. Before you take that call or go to the in-person meeting, remember ______ (make ) some preparations.
11. I hope you will remember _______ (do) something that makes you happy, try to find a way to serve,
【参考答案】
1. saying; 2. to do; 3. doing; 4. to let; 5. turning; 6. to carry; 7. handing; 8. to do; 9. telling; 10. make; 11. to do
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