人教版（2019）必修 第三册Unit 5 The Value of Money单元考点突破学案（含答案）

名师原创：Unit5 单元考点突破
●词汇精讲
1. basis n．基础；根据
【原句再现】
Is money the basis of a happy life (教材P50)
【词块积累】
on the basis of…　在……的基础上，根据……
on a regular basis 定期
base v. 以……为依据；n.根据地，基地
be based on… 以……为基础
【精品例句】
The basis of her opinion is something she read in the magazine.
她的意见的依据是从杂志里看来的。
The article will form the basis for our discussion.
这篇文章将形成我们讨论的基础。
My theory is established on the solid basis of facts.
我的理论是以可靠的事实作为根据的。
【高考链接】
I suggested that we meet _____ a regular basis to discuss the progress. ( 陕西卷) (on)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Don't evaluate a person on the basis _____ appearance. (of)
The novel is based (base) on historical facts. (on/upon)
2. apologise/apologize vi. 道歉；表示歉意；谢罪
【原句再现】
Wang Zheng apologised to Chen because he couldn't offer her more money. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
apology n. 道歉;歉意
apologetic adj. 道歉的;愧疚的
accept sb's apology接受某人的道歉
owe sb. an apology应该向某人道歉
apologize (to sb) for (doing) sth = make an apology to sb. for sth./doing sth.
因为某事或做某事向某人道歉
【精品例句】
I think I'll buy her a present and apologize. 我想给 她买份礼物来赔个不是(江西)
I apologize for not being able to join you for dinner. 很抱歉，我不能和你们一起吃饭了
I demand an immediate apology from you. 我要求你立即道歉
I must make an apology to him for not going to his party.
没有参加他的聚会，我得向他道歉
He apologises to her for not going to her party.
他因没出席她的派对向她表示歉意
If you see him，please give my apology for not having written to him.
如果你见到他，请为没有给他写信的事替我向他道歉
I'm writing you this letter to apologise to you for my not being able to pay a visit to Beijing with you next week
我写信为本周末不能和你一起游览北京而道歉
【高考链接】
--Go and say sorry to your Mom, Dave.
--I'd like to, but I'm afraid she won't be happy with my ______ . (江苏卷)
A. requests B. excuses C. apologies D. regrets ( C )
2. I have an __________ (apologetic) to make to you. I'm afraid I opened your letter by mistake. (陕西卷) (apology)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Yesterday Michael ____ (apologise) to his boss for being late. (浙江卷) (apologized)
3. ignore vt. 忽视；对……不予理会
【原句再现】
Also，while listening don't ignore the speakers' tone and intonation—these can be important clues too. (教材P50)
【词块积累】
ignorant adj.　无知的；不知道的/没有学识的
be ignorant of/about... 不知道；不了解；无知
ignorance n. 无知；愚昧
【精品例句】
The driver ignored the traffic lights.
那个司机忽视了红绿灯
I can't ignore his rudeness any longer.
我再也不能对他的粗鲁不闻不问了
You ignored the bell and went to somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.
你没有管上课铃，而是去安静的地方劝你的朋友冷静下来
【高考链接】
He speaks in a disordered manner，which betrays his shallowness and (ignore). (陕西卷) (ignorance)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
It's dangerous (ignore) traffic rules. (to ignore)
I am quite ignorant what they intend to do. (of/about)
4. in return 作为回报；作为回应
【原句再现】
When we help someone，should we expect to get something in return (教材P51)
【词块积累】
in return for... 作为……的交换；作为……的报答
in turn 轮流；依次；反过来
by turns 轮流；时而……时而……
on/upon one's return 一回来(就……)
a return ticket 往返票
return to... 回到……
return sth. to sb. 把某物归还某人
【精品例句】
I don't expect anything in return.
我不指望得到任何回报
He wanted to do something in return for the kindness that she offered him.
他想做点什么事来酬谢她的好意
You mentioned that you would like to teach me English in return，which is exactly what I am dying for
你提到作为回报你想教我英语，这正是我所渴望的
【高考链接】
I wish I could do something __ return for the kindness I have received from him. (湖南卷) (in)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
The people begged to be allowed to return ____ their home village. (to)
5. judge vt.&vi. 判断；评判；评价n．法官；裁判员；评判员；鉴定人；审判员
【原句再现】
Should we judge people based on how much money they have (教材P51)
【词块积累】
judge ...from/by...　从……来判断
judge between right and wrong判断是非
as far as I can judge 据我判断；我认为
judging by/from 从……上看；根据……判断
judgement n. 判断；审判；判断力
judge a case判案
judge sb. guilty /判某人有罪
make a judgement on对...作出评价
悄悄告诉你：judging from/by... 置于句首作状语。v. ing形式不受主语的限制，构成独立成分。 类似用法的词或短语还有：generally speaking“一般来说”，frankly speaking“坦白地说”，considering...“考虑到……”。
【精品例句】
Your speech was heard by a group of five judges，all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.
五个裁判听了你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的
If he had played a part in the film，he would have been judged to be the best actor this year.
如果他当时出演了那部电影的话，他就会被评为今年的最佳男演员了
Judging from the above story，we can draw the conclusion that we don't judge a book by/from its cover.
从上面的故事判断，我们可以得出这样的结论：我们不要以貌取人
【高考链接】
(judge) from what he said，he was confident to win the first prize in the Chinese Character Dictation Contest. (陕西卷) (Judging)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Never judge a book its cover. (by/from)
It was due to luck rather than (judge) that the driver succeeded in avoiding the accident. (judgement)
6. scene n．(戏剧或歌剧的) 场；现场；场面
【原句再现】
ACT 1，SCENE 3 (教材P52)
【词块积累】
on the scene　在现场；当场；在台上
behind the scenes 在幕后；暗中
come on the scene 出场；登场
辨析：scene；scenery；sight；view
scene: 指某一处的自然风光。
scenery: (总称)自然景物，天然风光，是由多个scenes构成的自然风景。
sight: 景象，风景，名胜，侧重值得看的事物或很难看的东西和很可笑的事物；视力，眼界。
view: 景色，风景，侧重从人所处的角度(从远处或高处)所看到的景色。
【精品例句】
He is good at drawing a peaceful country scene.
他擅长画宁静的乡村景色
The burning building was a scene of panic as everyone ran to get out.
人们从起火的大楼逃出来时，一片慌乱的景象
Our reporter was the first person to arrive the scene.
我们的记者是第一个到达出事地点的
Those unknown people who worked behind the scenes are the real heroes of this project.
那些默默无闻地为实现这项计划而工作的人们才是真正的英雄
【高考链接】
Such decisions are made _ the scenes，without public knowledge. （陕西卷）
(behind)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Nine people died ______ the scene and one more person died in hospital in the car crash. (on)
On receiving the call，the police rushed to the scene， ____ a traffic accident happened. (where)
7. by accident 偶然地；意外地
【原句再现】
As a matter of fact，I landed in Britain by accident. (教材P52)
【词块积累】
by chance = by accident　偶然；意外
on purpose ＝by design 故意地；有意地
It is no accident that... ……不是偶然的
【精品例句】
The man spotted a police car behind him by accident.
这个男人无意中发现有辆警车在他后面
She didn't turn up on time，perhaps by accident.
她没按时出现，或许是无意的吧
The man who was caught on the scene was there purely by accident.
那个当场被抓的人完全是碰巧在那儿
【高考链接】
Success in life doesn't happen ____ accident. It's the result of devoting your time and energy to what you've set out to do. (江西课改卷) (by)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
You make it sound as if I did it ___ purpose.（on）
8. spot vt. 发现；认出；点缀；看见；注意到 n．斑点；污迹；处所；地点
【原句再现】
The next morning I was spotted by a ship. (教材P52)
【词块积累】
spot sb. doing sth.　发现某人正在做某事
be spotted with 散布；点缀
on the spot/scene 当场；在现场
悄悄告诉：spot作“地点”讲，用作定语从句的先行词时，从句如果缺少状语则用where引导定语从句，从句如果缺少主语或宾语则用that/which引导定语从句。
【精品例句】
I played jokes on you just now. I spotted you in the crowd the moment I saw you.
我刚才是跟你开玩笑的, 我一眼就从人群里认出了你
I spotted her sitting in the corner，sighing.
我发现她坐在角落里叹气
When the man was trying to break into the bank，he was caught by the police on the spot/scene.
当那个人试图闯入银行时，他被警察当场抓获了
【高考链接】
He was dressed in a coat，which (spot) with stars. (山东卷) (was spotted)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
I was waiting for my friend when I suddenly spotted a man not far from me (stare) at me. (staring)
More than ten policemen turned up at the spot the accident happened. (where)
9. patience n．耐心；忍耐力；毅力
【原句再现】
Patience. (教材P52)
【词块积累】
out of patience/with patience没有耐心/耐心地
have little/no patience with sb. 对某人几乎没/没耐心
lose/run out of patience with sb.对某人失去耐心
beyond one's patience 无法忍受
patient adj. 耐心的；n. 病人
be patient with... 对……有耐心
patiently adv. 耐心地
【精品例句】
The businessman answered all my questions with patience.
这名企业家耐心地回答了我所有的问题
The young people upstairs often scream with laugher at midnight. I'm beginning to lose patience with them.
楼上的年轻人经常半夜尖声大笑，我开始对他们失去耐心了
She has no patience with losing weight through dieting.
她不能容忍通过节食来减肥
【高考链接】
Whenever I made mistakes，the teacher pointed them out with (patient). (江苏卷)
(patience)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
You ought to have (patient) when others consult you.(patience)
He is just a small child，so you must be patient him. (with)
10. be about to do sth. 就要做某事/即将做某事，常与when 引导的从句连用，表示“某人正要做某事突然发生了另一件事”
【原句再现】
Yes，I was about to go get the letter. (教材P52)
【【词块积累】
be about to do sth. When…　正要做……这时(突然)……
be doing... when... 正在做……这时突然……
be on the point of doing... when... 正要做……这时(突然)……
had just done...when... 刚做完……这时(突然)……
【精品例句】
I was about to set off when she dropped in.
我刚要动身，这时她来访了
I was about to leave the office when the bell rang.
我刚要离开办公室，电话就响了
I was about to go to school when my uncle came this morning.
今天早上我刚要去上学，我叔叔来了
John was studying in his room when he heard screaming.
约翰正在房间里学习，这时他听到了一声尖叫
They had just covered three miles when they realized they had left their IDs at home.
他们刚走了三英里，突然意识到他们的身份证忘在家里了
【高考链接】
Tom was about to close the window _________ his attention was caught by a bird.
(全国卷) （when）
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
They were about _____ (go) out when the earthquake happened. (to go)
11. postpone. 推迟，使延期
【原句再现】
....but he had to postpone opening it until 2 o'clock. (教材P53)
【词块积累】
postpone = delay= put off 三个词和短语后面接名词或动名词
postpone doing...　推迟做……
postpone...to/until... 延迟……到……
postponement n. 延期；延迟
【精品例句】
We’ll have to postpone the meeting until/to next week.
我们不得不把会议推迟到下周
Let’s postpone making a decision until we have more information.
我们等有更多信息之后再做决定吧
They made a decision to delay holding the meeting. 他们决定推迟举行会议
Her putting off holding her wedding was wise. 她推迟她的婚礼是明智的
【高考链接】
The committee has postponed _______ (hold) the important meeting （江西卷）(holding)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
Please postpone _____ (send) an answer. (sending)
Let's postpone (make) a decision until we have more information. (making)
12. case n. 例子; 案例; 病例; 案件; 情况; 箱子; 盒子
【原句再现】
In case, it happens to you on a trip abroad, what should you do （教材P54）
【词块积累】
a theft / murder case 盗窃/谋杀案
win/lose a case 胜诉/败诉
in any case 在任何情况下; 不管怎样
in... case(s) 在情况下
in this case 在这种情况下
in that case既然如此; 那样的话
in sb's case 就某人的情况来说
a pencil case / a packing case铅笔盒/包装箱
(just) in case (可引导 状语从句) 假使; 免得; 以防(万一):
in case of… 在…情形时; 万一
in no case在任何情况下都不; 决不
温馨提示：in no case用于句首时,句子常用部分倒装语序
【精品例句】
It was a classic case of bad management. 这是一个典型的管理不善的案例
There are thousands of new cases of AIDS in Africa every year.
非洲每年都会出现许多艾滋病的新病例
I am ready to help in any case. 在任何情况下我都乐意帮忙
In no case should you leave your post. 在任何情况下你都不应离开岗位
You may think of giving up study. In this case, just think it over before making the decision.你可能会想要放弃学习。在这种情况下，你要认真思考一下再作决定
In that case he agreed to meet her. 在那样情况下，他同意和她见面
In her case, she failed the exam because she wasn’t well.
就她的情况来看，她是因为生病而考试不及格
As is often the case, solving one problem can cause or uncover an other.
事实往往是这样，解决一个问题会导致或暴露另一个问题
I guess we've already talked about this but I'll ask you again just in case.
我记得我们已经讨论过这个了，但是我再问问你，以防万一
Please remind me of the meeting again tomorrow in case I forget.
请明天再提醒我一次开会事宜，免得我忘了
In case of emergency, please call the Help Desk at 926-3736.
如遇紧急情况，请拨打救助台的电话 926-3736.
Please inform me in advance in case of any change. 如有什么变化，请提前通知我
【高考链接】
1. I’ll be out for some time. ______ case anything important happens, call me up immediately. (四川课改卷) (In)
2. He may win the competition, _____ he is likely to get into the national team. (辽宁卷)
A. in which case B. in that case C. in what case D. in whose case (A)
3. -- I love the Internet. I've come to know many friends on the Net.
-- _______. Few of them would become your real friends. (安徽卷) (B)
A. That's for sure B. It's not the case
C. I couldn't agree more D. I'm pleased to know that
【考点训练】
从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项
4. ______ fire, all exits must be kept clear.
A. In place of B. Instead of C. In case of D. In spite of (C)
5. -- I’m afraid Mr. Wood can't see you until 4 o'clock,
-- Oh. ______ I won't wait.
A. no doubt B. after all C. in that case D. in this way (C)
13. hesitate vi. 迟疑，犹豫；踌躇；顾虑
【原句再现】
Why does the owner think Henry hesitates to pay the bill (教材P55)
【词块积累】
hesitation n. 踌躇；犹豫
without hesitation 毫不犹豫
hesitate about/over… 就…犹豫不决
hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事
【精品例句】
He hesitated before he replied. 回答前，他犹豫了一下
I hesitate to tell you the truth. 我不大想告诉你真相
If you need any help, don’t hesitate to call us. 要是你需要帮助，随时给我们打电话
She hesitated about/over the choice between the two dresses.
她对到底选择这两件衣服中的哪一件犹豫不决
I accepted the job without hesitation. 我毫不犹豫地接受了这份工作
【高考链接】
We are at your service. Don’t hesitate ____ (turn) to us if you have any further problems. (福建课改卷) (to turn)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
They still hesitated ______ going abroad. (about/over)
14. permission n. 许可；准许
【原句再现】
Yes, I’d love to… with your permission. (教材P58)
【词块积累】
permit vi & vt许可; 准许(反义词：forbid); (使) 成为可能; n. 许可证; 执照
without permission 未经允许
give sb. Permission to do sth. 允许某人做某事
permit sb. sth 允许某人某事
permit doing sth 允许做某事
permit sb. to do sth 允许某人做某事
【精品例句】
Mobile phone conversations are not permitted anywhere in the library.
图书馆内任何地方都禁止使用手机打电话
Please permit me a few words.请允许我说几句
He permitted me to retake the test, and I pulled my grade to an A.
他允许我重新参加考试，我的成绩因此提高到了A
I’ll pick you up at the airport if time permits. 如果时间允许的话，我会去机场接你
We'll start tomorrow, weather permitting.天气允许的话，我们明天出发
The password permits access to all files on the hard disk.
这个密码可调出硬盘上的所有文件
温馨提示：permit和allow的用法相似，但指天气、时间等客观因素允许时，只能用permit
Hikers need a camping permit for overnight stays in the park.
远足者要在公园过夜必须有野营许可证
【高考链接】
The party will be held in the garden, weather ___ (permit). (全国课改卷) (permitting)
Passengers are permitted only one piece of hand luggage onto the plane. (天津卷)
A. to carry B. carrying C. to be carried D. being carried (A)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
We don ' permit _______ (talk) in the library. (talking)
●本单元重要词组
15. make a bet 打个赌
Two rich brothers, Roderick and Oliver, have made a bet. (教材P52)
We made a bet with them yesterday.
16. as a matter of fact = in fact = actually 事实上；说真的；其实
As a matter of fact, I landed in Britain by accident. (教材P52)
As a matter of fact, he didn’t know the truth.
17. to be honest 说实话；坦率地说
Well, to be honest, I have more. (教材P52)
To be honest, I don’t like him.
18. to… extent 到….程度；在….程度上
They must be able to help to some extent. (教材P52)
19. on duty 值班；值勤
He said he must be on duty at he library this afternoon. (教材P54)
20. in a ….manner 以一种….的方式；带着一副….的样子
(in a rude manner) See him there. (教材P56)
She is always speaking to others in a good manner.
21. be willing to do sth. 愿意/乐意做某事
Why would the owner be willing to wait for a long time to get paid (教材P57)
They are willing to help those old men.
●句型点拨
1. find＋宾语＋宾语补足语
【原句再现】
....and towards night I found myself carried out to sea by a strong wind. (教材P52)
句式分析：find在句中接复合宾语，宾语是myself，宾语补足语是carried out to sea by a strong wind。宾语补足语和宾语之间构成被动关系。
【能力拓展】
find＋宾语＋宾补，宾补除了用过去分词充当外，还有以下几种形式：
find + 宾语 + 现在分词/形容词/副词/名词/介词短语
【精品例句】
When she came to life，she found herself surrounded by many people.
当她醒过来时，发现自己被好多人围着
I find my knowledge of the project limited.
我发现自己对这一项目的了解有限
Even the best writers sometimes find themselves lost for word.
甚至最好的作家有时也会发现自己表达不出来
【高考链接】
She turned around and found a man ______ (stare) at her．(陕西卷) (staring)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
When we got home，we found all the lights ________. (on0
He found his father ______ heavy debt. (in)
2. It is/was...that/who...强调句型
【原句再现】
And it was the ship that brought you to England. (教材P52)
句式分析：强调句式：“It is/was＋被强调部分＋that＋句子其他部分”。本句是对句子的主语the ship进行的强调
【知识拓展】
※ 基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分(若被强调的部分是人，可用that或who；若被强调的部分是其他时，一般用that)
※ 强调句的一般疑问句句型：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who...
※ 强调句的特殊疑问句句型：疑问词＋is/was it＋that/who...
※ 对not...until...句型中的时间状语(从句)进行强调时的句型：It is/was not until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分
【精品例句】
Further reading made me realize that it was hard work and determination as well as her gentle nature that got her into medical school.
进一步阅读使我意识到，是苦干、决心和她善良的天性使她走进了医学院的大门
You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel that the coach picks up tourists.
你等错地方了。长途客车是在旅店接送游客的
It was when we were returning home that I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble.
正是当我们回家的时候，我才意识到帮助别人于危难之时的感觉是多么令人愉快
【高考链接】
I wonder what ______ is that upsets my little sister so badly. I think she really needs my comfort this time. (湖北卷) (it)
【考点训练】
在空白处填入适当内容（一个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式
It was when I got back to my apartment _____ I first came across my new neighbors. (that)
It was not until two years ago _______ I began to learn English. (that)
●情态动词（详见语法课件）
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