人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit1 People of Achievement 拓展阅读专项训练（二）（有答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第一册 Unit1 People of Achievement 拓展阅读专项训练（二）（有答案） |  | |
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Unit 1 People of Achievement 拓展阅读专项训练（二）
刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：环境与自然 词数：298 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[辽宁省实验中学2020高一期中] Engineers have launched a huge garbage collection device to gather plastic floating in the Pacific Ocean between California and Hawaii. The plastic makes up what is called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. It is the world’s largest spread of garbage，twice the size of the state of Texas.
The organisation The Ocean Cleanup created the collection device. The group’s founder is Boyan Slat，a 24-year-old inventor from the Netherlands. When Slat was 16，he went diving in Mediterranean Sea and saw more plastic bags than fish. Since then，he has made up his mind to clean up the ocean.
He told the Associated Press that researchers with his organisation have found plastic from the 1960s and 1970s among the materials in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. It contains an estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic in total. Most of them float on the surface of the water, or are within a few metres under the surface.
Last Saturday, a ship pulling the pipe-shaped floating barrier left San Francisco for the Garbage Patch. The barrier, called the floater, is 600 metres across. Attached to it is a screen(滤网) that hangs three metres down in the water. The screen is designed to collect the plastic as it moves through the water. Sea animals can safely swim under the barrier. The clean-up system also comes with lights powered by the sun, cameras, and other special devices. Slat said these enabled the system to report its position at all times.
Shipping containers will hold all the plastic gathered, including bottles and fishing equipment. Slat said the containers are expected to be back on land within a year. Then the plastic will be recycled. And they will also study how the system performs in severe ocean conditions, including huge waves.
1. How did Boyan Slat react to that diving in the Mediterranean Sea
A. He showed a great interest in diving.
B. He became worried about his safety.
C. He decided to remove the garbage in the ocean.
D. He became curious about underwater creatures.
2. What has the organisation The Ocean Cleanup found about the Great Pacific Garbage Patch
A. Most of its plastic is half a century old.
B. It covers almost the size of the state of Texas.
C. Altogether there are about 1.8 billion pieces of plastic.
D. The majority of its plastic floats on or near the surface.
3. Why was a screen attached to the floater
A. To power lights in the ship.
B. To protect sea animals near it.
C. To tell the position of the ship.
D. To collect plastic along the way.
4. What is the text mainly about
A. Approaches to removing garbage in the ocean.
B. The problem of garbage in the Pacific Ocean.
C. A young man who does well in classifying garbage.
D. A huge device made to clean garbage in the ocean.
刷完形填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 词数：295 难度：易 建议用时：12分钟
[安徽师大附中2020高一期末·改编]Many of us dream of making all the difference—earning a lot of money. A great scientist has achieved that big success and 1 all the money to help others. Professor Nicola Curtin of the Newcastle University successfully _2_ a new drug for cancer, but when the time came for her big 3 ，she chose to give some of the profits away to help needy people to make their life better.
The drug Rubraca is the 4 of 30 years of research and helps people who have a gene known to lead to an increasing 5 of breast cancer. Rubraca helps target the cancerous cells so as to DNA and finally 6 tumour cells（肿瘤细胞）.The Newcastle University 7 rights of the medication（药物）for $40.8 million to a company，which is a large sum of money. Instead of treating herself，Curtin used her $1.2 million share to 8 The Curtin PARP (Passionate About Realising Your Potential) Fund.
The fund 9 to help the disabled，the homeless，and anyone experiencing a disadvantage. It helps them to develop the skills to 10 difficulties so that they can get education or employment. “Those people’s 11 makes me think about life. I have already had everything that I need in life but there are many people who are leading a hard life. 12 , through The Curtin PARP Fund，I want to leave a（n） 13 legacy（遗赠）by helping them master the basic skills for life. And I feel 14 of what I have done,”said Curtin.
What Curtin has done tells us that we can help others in many 15 by using our talent，and by reaching out and offering much assistance, etc.
1. A. made B. passed C. donated D. showed
2. A. exchanged B. took C. accepted D. created
3. A. payoff B. celebration C. event D. benefit
4. A. instruction B. improvement C. chance D. result
5. A. view B. risk C. cause D. fact
6. A. make B. study C. remove D. catch
7. A. sold B. offered C. ensured D. achieved
8. A. raise B. establish C. present D. obtain
9. A. aims B. affords C. begins D. competes
10. A. avoid B. realise C. overcome D. experience
11. A. action B. admiration C. shame D. situation
12. A. Moreover B. However C. Meanwhile D. Therefore
13. A. thankful B. careful C. lasting D. interesting
14. A. afraid B. proud C. sick D. sure
15. A. aspects B. ways C. purposes D. attempts
答案解析
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博杨·斯雷特因为在潜水时发现水中有大量垃圾，所以决定组建团队，清除海洋垃圾。该组织最近发明了一种新的装置，在清理海洋垃圾上有显著的效果。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句话 When Slat was 16，he went diving in Mediterranean Sea and saw more plastic bags than fish. Since then，he has made up his mind to clean up the ocean.可知，斯雷特在潜水时发现水中的垃圾比鱼都多，所以他下定决心清除海洋中的垃圾。故选C项。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话 Most of them float on the surface of the water，or are within a few metres under the surface. 可知，大太平洋垃圾带的大部分垃圾都漂浮在海洋的表面或水面以下几米深的地方。故选D项。
3. D 细节理解题。根据第四段第四句话 The screen is designed to collect the plastic as it moves through the water.可知，滤网是该设备在水中移动时用来收集塑料垃圾的。故选D项。
4. D 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了一个新的大型垃圾收集装置在清理海洋垃圾方面的作用和工作原理，故选D项。
刷完形填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议类记叙文。纽卡斯尔大学的妮古拉·柯廷教授及其团队成功地研制出一种治疗癌症的新药，她用得到的报酬建立了一个基金会，帮助残疾人和无家可归的人掌握基本的生活技能。柯廷所做的一切告诉我们，我们可以通过自身才能，伸出援手帮助别人。
1. C 根据后一句中的 she chose to give some of the profits away to help needy people to make their life better可知，这位伟大的科学家把部分利润捐赠（donated）出去帮助别人，donated和 chose to give…away相呼应。故选C项。
2. D 空后为 a new drug for cancer，而新药应是被“研制”出来的，故created符合语境。
3. A 根据空后的 some of the profits可知，此处应指妮古拉·柯廷的努力得到回报（payoff）的时刻。payoff意为“回报；报偿”，与 profits相呼应，符合语境。故选A项。
4. D 此处指治疗癌症的药品芦卡帕利是30年研究的成果（result）。故选D项。
5. B 句意为：药品芦卡帕利是30年研究的成果，它可以帮助那些带有已知会导致乳腺癌患病风险增加的基因的人。根据语境和常识可知，需要药物帮助的应是有患乳腺癌风险（risk）的人。故选B项。
6. C 根据常识可知，治癌药物的最终目标是清除（remove）癌细胞，故选C项。
7. A 句意为：纽卡斯尔大学以4,080万美元的价格把这种药物的相关权限卖给了一家公司……根据空后的for $40.8 million to a company可知，此处指出售（sold）药物芦卡帕利的相关权限。故选A项。
8. B 根据语境可知，此处表示她用自己那份120万美元的酬金建立（establish）了 Curtin PARP基金会。故选B项。
9. A 空后 to help the disabled…是设立基金会的目的，aim to do sth意为“旨在做某事”，符合语境。故选A项。
10. C 此处和空后的 difficulties搭配，克服（overcome）符合语境，此处指帮助他们掌握克服困难的技能。故选C项。
11. D 根据后一句中的 there are many people who are leading a hard life可知，是这些人的处境（situation）让柯廷开始思考生活。故选D项。
12. D 前一句“许多人还过着艰苦的生活”和空后“帮助他们掌握基本的生活技能”是因果关系。故 Therefore符合语境。
13. C 句意为：因此，通过 Curtin PARP基金会，我想以帮助他们掌握基本的生活技能这种方式，来给他们留下一份长久的遗赠。根据空后的 by helping them master the basic skills for life可知，基金会帮助人们掌握基本生活技能，这是持久的（lasting）生活保障。故选C项。
14. B 根据上文可知，柯廷用自己的钱创建了一个基金会，帮助了那些需要帮助的人，使他们能维持生活，所以柯廷为自己所做的事感到自豪（proud），故选B项。
15. B 句中列举的 by using our talent，and by reaching out and offering much assistance都是帮助别人的方式，故ways符合语境。
长难句分析 What Curtin has done tells us that we can help others in many ways by using our talent，and by reaching out and offering much assistance, etc.
句式分析：本句为主从复合句，句子主干为 What Curtin has done tells us that…其中tells为主句谓语动词，What Curtin has done为What引导的主语从句；that we can help others…为that引导的宾语从句，作tells的宾语；宾语从句中 by using…and by reaching…为and连接的两个并列的方式状语。
句意：柯廷所做的一切告诉我们，我们可以使用我们的才能以及伸出援手，提供大量援助等许多方式来帮助他人。
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刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：环境与自然 词数：298 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[辽宁省实验中学2020高一期中] Engineers have launched a huge garbage collection device to gather plastic floating in the Pacific Ocean between California and Hawaii. The plastic makes up what is called the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. It is the world’s largest spread of garbage，twice the size of the state of Texas.
The organisation The Ocean Cleanup created the collection device. The group’s founder is Boyan Slat，a 24-year-old inventor from the Netherlands. When Slat was 16，he went diving in Mediterranean Sea and saw more plastic bags than fish. Since then，he has made up his mind to clean up the ocean.
He told the Associated Press that researchers with his organisation have found plastic from the 1960s and 1970s among the materials in the Great Pacific Garbage Patch. It contains an estimated 1.8 trillion pieces of plastic in total. Most of them float on the surface of the water, or are within a few metres under the surface.
Last Saturday, a ship pulling the pipe-shaped floating barrier left San Francisco for the Garbage Patch. The barrier, called the floater, is 600 metres across. Attached to it is a screen(滤网) that hangs three metres down in the water. The screen is designed to collect the plastic as it moves through the water. Sea animals can safely swim under the barrier. The clean-up system also comes with lights powered by the sun, cameras, and other special devices. Slat said these enabled the system to report its position at all times.
Shipping containers will hold all the plastic gathered, including bottles and fishing equipment. Slat said the containers are expected to be back on land within a year. Then the plastic will be recycled. And they will also study how the system performs in severe ocean conditions, including huge waves.
1. How did Boyan Slat react to that diving in the Mediterranean Sea
A. He showed a great interest in diving.
B. He became worried about his safety.
C. He decided to remove the garbage in the ocean.
D. He became curious about underwater creatures.
2. What has the organisation The Ocean Cleanup found about the Great Pacific Garbage Patch
A. Most of its plastic is half a century old.
B. It covers almost the size of the state of Texas.
C. Altogether there are about 1.8 billion pieces of plastic.
D. The majority of its plastic floats on or near the surface.
3. Why was a screen attached to the floater
A. To power lights in the ship.
B. To protect sea animals near it.
C. To tell the position of the ship.
D. To collect plastic along the way.
4. What is the text mainly about
A. Approaches to removing garbage in the ocean.
B. The problem of garbage in the Pacific Ocean.
C. A young man who does well in classifying garbage.
D. A huge device made to clean garbage in the ocean.
刷完形填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 词数：295 难度：易 建议用时：12分钟
[安徽师大附中2020高一期末·改编]Many of us dream of making all the difference—earning a lot of money. A great scientist has achieved that big success and 1 all the money to help others. Professor Nicola Curtin of the Newcastle University successfully _2_ a new drug for cancer, but when the time came for her big 3 ，she chose to give some of the profits away to help needy people to make their life better.
The drug Rubraca is the 4 of 30 years of research and helps people who have a gene known to lead to an increasing 5 of breast cancer. Rubraca helps target the cancerous cells so as to DNA and finally 6 tumour cells（肿瘤细胞）.The Newcastle University 7 rights of the medication（药物）for $40.8 million to a company，which is a large sum of money. Instead of treating herself，Curtin used her $1.2 million share to 8 The Curtin PARP (Passionate About Realising Your Potential) Fund.
The fund 9 to help the disabled，the homeless，and anyone experiencing a disadvantage. It helps them to develop the skills to 10 difficulties so that they can get education or employment. “Those people’s 11 makes me think about life. I have already had everything that I need in life but there are many people who are leading a hard life. 12 , through The Curtin PARP Fund，I want to leave a（n） 13 legacy（遗赠）by helping them master the basic skills for life. And I feel 14 of what I have done,”said Curtin.
What Curtin has done tells us that we can help others in many 15 by using our talent，and by reaching out and offering much assistance, etc.
1. A. made B. passed C. donated D. showed
2. A. exchanged B. took C. accepted D. created
3. A. payoff B. celebration C. event D. benefit
4. A. instruction B. improvement C. chance D. result
5. A. view B. risk C. cause D. fact
6. A. make B. study C. remove D. catch
7. A. sold B. offered C. ensured D. achieved
8. A. raise B. establish C. present D. obtain
9. A. aims B. affords C. begins D. competes
10. A. avoid B. realise C. overcome D. experience
11. A. action B. admiration C. shame D. situation
12. A. Moreover B. However C. Meanwhile D. Therefore
13. A. thankful B. careful C. lasting D. interesting
14. A. afraid B. proud C. sick D. sure
15. A. aspects B. ways C. purposes D. attempts
答案解析
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了博杨·斯雷特因为在潜水时发现水中有大量垃圾，所以决定组建团队，清除海洋垃圾。该组织最近发明了一种新的装置，在清理海洋垃圾上有显著的效果。
1. C 细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句话 When Slat was 16，he went diving in Mediterranean Sea and saw more plastic bags than fish. Since then，he has made up his mind to clean up the ocean.可知，斯雷特在潜水时发现水中的垃圾比鱼都多，所以他下定决心清除海洋中的垃圾。故选C项。
2. D 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话 Most of them float on the surface of the water，or are within a few metres under the surface. 可知，大太平洋垃圾带的大部分垃圾都漂浮在海洋的表面或水面以下几米深的地方。故选D项。
3. D 细节理解题。根据第四段第四句话 The screen is designed to collect the plastic as it moves through the water.可知，滤网是该设备在水中移动时用来收集塑料垃圾的。故选D项。
4. D 主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文主要向我们介绍了一个新的大型垃圾收集装置在清理海洋垃圾方面的作用和工作原理，故选D项。
刷完形填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议类记叙文。纽卡斯尔大学的妮古拉·柯廷教授及其团队成功地研制出一种治疗癌症的新药，她用得到的报酬建立了一个基金会，帮助残疾人和无家可归的人掌握基本的生活技能。柯廷所做的一切告诉我们，我们可以通过自身才能，伸出援手帮助别人。
1. C 根据后一句中的 she chose to give some of the profits away to help needy people to make their life better可知，这位伟大的科学家把部分利润捐赠（donated）出去帮助别人，donated和 chose to give…away相呼应。故选C项。
2. D 空后为 a new drug for cancer，而新药应是被“研制”出来的，故created符合语境。
3. A 根据空后的 some of the profits可知，此处应指妮古拉·柯廷的努力得到回报（payoff）的时刻。payoff意为“回报；报偿”，与 profits相呼应，符合语境。故选A项。
4. D 此处指治疗癌症的药品芦卡帕利是30年研究的成果（result）。故选D项。
5. B 句意为：药品芦卡帕利是30年研究的成果，它可以帮助那些带有已知会导致乳腺癌患病风险增加的基因的人。根据语境和常识可知，需要药物帮助的应是有患乳腺癌风险（risk）的人。故选B项。
6. C 根据常识可知，治癌药物的最终目标是清除（remove）癌细胞，故选C项。
7. A 句意为：纽卡斯尔大学以4,080万美元的价格把这种药物的相关权限卖给了一家公司……根据空后的for $40.8 million to a company可知，此处指出售（sold）药物芦卡帕利的相关权限。故选A项。
8. B 根据语境可知，此处表示她用自己那份120万美元的酬金建立（establish）了 Curtin PARP基金会。故选B项。
9. A 空后 to help the disabled…是设立基金会的目的，aim to do sth意为“旨在做某事”，符合语境。故选A项。
10. C 此处和空后的 difficulties搭配，克服（overcome）符合语境，此处指帮助他们掌握克服困难的技能。故选C项。
11. D 根据后一句中的 there are many people who are leading a hard life可知，是这些人的处境（situation）让柯廷开始思考生活。故选D项。
12. D 前一句“许多人还过着艰苦的生活”和空后“帮助他们掌握基本的生活技能”是因果关系。故 Therefore符合语境。
13. C 句意为：因此，通过 Curtin PARP基金会，我想以帮助他们掌握基本的生活技能这种方式，来给他们留下一份长久的遗赠。根据空后的 by helping them master the basic skills for life可知，基金会帮助人们掌握基本生活技能，这是持久的（lasting）生活保障。故选C项。
14. B 根据上文可知，柯廷用自己的钱创建了一个基金会，帮助了那些需要帮助的人，使他们能维持生活，所以柯廷为自己所做的事感到自豪（proud），故选B项。
15. B 句中列举的 by using our talent，and by reaching out and offering much assistance都是帮助别人的方式，故ways符合语境。
长难句分析 What Curtin has done tells us that we can help others in many ways by using our talent，and by reaching out and offering much assistance, etc.
句式分析：本句为主从复合句，句子主干为 What Curtin has done tells us that…其中tells为主句谓语动词，What Curtin has done为What引导的主语从句；that we can help others…为that引导的宾语从句，作tells的宾语；宾语从句中 by using…and by reaching…为and连接的两个并列的方式状语。
句意：柯廷所做的一切告诉我们，我们可以使用我们的才能以及伸出援手，提供大量援助等许多方式来帮助他人。
2 / 2