人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit1 People of Achievement单元语法详解课件(共14张PPT)

(共14张PPT)
Unit 1 People of achievement
单元语法详解
人教版新教材选择性必修一
本单元重要语法
→非限定性定语从句
◆原句再现
This year’s Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded
to Tu Youyou (co-winner), whose research led to the discovery of arte-
misinin, a crucial new treatment for malaria. (教材 P2)
b. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common. (教
材 P2)
c. This medicine, which was called artemisinin, soon became a stand-
-ard treatment for malaria. (教材 P3)
d. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of
the highest international honors a person can receive. (教材 P5)
e. The book tells us about Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin
(教材 P5)
◆非限制性定语从句由关系代词和关系副词引导， 但关系代词 that除外， 即关系代词 that 不能引导非限定性定语从句，请观察以下句子
Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of
the highest international honors a person can receive.
b. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom
recovered.
c. I'm above the Arctic Circle, where in summer the sun never sets.
d. Einstein had to flee Germany, where Hitler was in power.
e. As is known to all, the earth turns around the sun.
f. We all know the old man, whose books was published in English.
◆限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句在逻辑意义上的区别
●限制性定语从句与其所修饰的先行词关系紧密，在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省略，主句意义往往不完整，这种定语从句前面一般不用逗号，请观察以下句子
a. Davis wanted to visit the farm where the seawater rice was grown.
戴维斯想参观种植海水稻的农场
(本句所含的限制性定语从句不能省略， 否则句子的意义就不完整)
b. They took the boy back to the village that/which he was born in.
他们把那个男孩带回了他出生的那个村庄
(本句所含的限制性定语从句不能省略,否则句子的意义就不完整，村庄特指的是男孩出生的村庄)
●非限制性定语从句和主句的关系并不十分密切，通常是对先行词或整个主句的附加说明，它与主句之间往往用逗号隔开，请观察以下句子
a. Davis wanted to visit Dr Yuan's new farm, where the seawater rice was grown.
戴维斯想参观袁博士的新农场，那里种了海水稻
(本句所含的非限制性定语从句是对农场的附加说明，可以省略)
b. They took the boy back to his own village, which he was born in.
他们把那个男孩带回了他自己的村庄，他出生在那里
(本句所含的非限制性定语从句是对村庄的补充说明,可以省略，省略后不影响句意的完整)
◆非限制性定语从句也可以位于句中，这时前后都需要用逗号隔开，请观察以下句子
a. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
b. Einstein, who was Jewish, found the doors of academic institutions closed to him.
c. Disneyland, which consists of several theme areas, is a popular tourist destination.
◆ as 引导的非限制性定语从句也可以位于句首，用逗号与主句隔开，请观察以下句子
a. As we all know, the earth is round.
b. As we can see, the universe is limitless.
c. As is shown to us, the experiment is very successful.
◆ 除了用于对某个具体事物进行补充信息之外，非限制性定语从句还可以针对整个句子内容进行说明，请观察以下句子
a. Ms Liu decided that we could have a class trip to the park this Sunday, which was exciting.
b. Laura couldn't come to our party, which was a pity.
c. Tom was late for school again, which made the teacher very angry. (以上例句中，which 都指代前面整句内容)
◆考关系代词在限定性定语从句中作宾语时可以省略，但在非限定性定语从句中作宾语时不可省略, 请观察以下句子
a. They will never forget all the days (that/which) they spent with the
villagers.
(这里是限定性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省略)
b. This is the mountain village (that/which) I visited last year.
(这里是限定性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省略)
c. Can you lend me the dictionary (that/which) you bought the other
day？
(这里是限定性定语从句，关系代词在从句中作宾语，可以省略)
d. The house, which we bought last month, is very nice.
e. This story, which I have read three times, is very exciting.
(d/e是非限定性定语从句,关系代词在从句中作宾语时,不可省略)
◆考点训练
1. Charles Smith, _________ was my former teacher, retired last year.
A. whom　 B. where　 C. who　 D. that
2. Mr. Zhou, __________ native language was Chinese, could read and
write several foreign languages.
A. whose　　 B. his C. which　 D. that
3.I took my friend to the Summer Palace, _______ we had some photos
taken.
where　 B. which C. that D.／
4.Last Sunday they reached Qingdao, ____ a conference was to be held.
which　 B. that　 C. when D. where
5. ________ you know, he is a famous musician.
A. As　 B. which　 C. That　 D.／
C
A
A
D
A
6. He must be from Africa, _______ can be seen from his skin.
A. that B. as C. who D. what
7.I have many books, some of ______ are on chemistry.
them B. that C. which D. those
8.I have many books, and some of ______ are on chemistry.
them B. that C. which D. those
9. The foreign guests, ______were government officials, were warmly
welcomed at the airport.
most of them B. most of that C. most of whom D. most of those
10. Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.
it B. which C. that D. he
11. They stayed with me three weeks, _______ they drank all the wine I had.
A. which B. which time C. during which time D. during which
B
C
A
C
B
D
12. I’ve finished writing the novel, _____ is to be published next month.
A. that B. what C. which D. when
13. He returned home safe and sound after a fierce battle, ______ was
unexpected.
A. which B. as C. that D. it
14. _______ we is known to all, English is not very difficult to learn.
A. What B. As C. That D. Which
15. The old man had three sons, all of _____ died during World War Ⅱ.
whose B. that C. whom D. who
16. _______ was expected, he succeeded in the exam.
A. It B. Which C. As D. That
17. He failed in the exam, _______ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
A. which B. what C. it D. that
C
B
B
C
C
A
18. He is absent, _______ is often the case.
A. what B. which C. who D. as
19. I shall never forget those years _____ I lived in the country with the
farmers, ____ has a great effect on my life.
A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who
20.The soldiers had to sleep in their wet clothes, _____________ most uncomfortable.
A. which I think it was B. which I think was
C. which I think D. that I think was
21.The humans are destroying nature day by day, _____ of course, will cause severe punishment from it sooner or later.
A. who B. when C. where D. which
D
B
B
D
That’s all!
Thank you!