人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement Discovering UsefulStructures基础测评（含解析）
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| 更新时间 | 2023-03-11 11:03:21 | ||
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基础练
I.单项选择
1.Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
2.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who B. where C. when D. which
3.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ______ she would stay for an hour.
A where B who C which D what
4.That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.
A. that B. which C. whose D. What
5.Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.
A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which
6.-----Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut
-----You should try the barber’s I go. It’s only 15.
A. as B. which C. where D. that
7.After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
8.As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_____ is named after his grandfather.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
9.The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
10.The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.
A. where B. which C. its D. whose
11.I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.
A. who B. that C. as D. what
12.My mother was so proud of all ________（我所做的）that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (do)
13. 正如我们强调的那样)many times, “serve the people” is our first policy. (stress)
14.Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A. what B. whose C. which D. that www. /gaokao/beijing
15.In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
答案：
1.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词为planet, 表示地点, 故用where。
2.【答案】A
【解析】本题考查定语从句。该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词the students, 且在从句中作met的宾语, 故选关系代词who, 即A项。
3.【答案】A
【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词为centre, she would stay for an hour 不缺宾语或主语, 故要填状语, 表地点用where。
4.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意应为 “那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用, 所以使用whose。
5.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。考查介词+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy which that we may return to in the near future.
6.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：—你能相信我理一次发得花20美元吗？—你应该到我去的那家理发店试试, 只需要15美元。句中the barber’s 是先行词, 从句中go 是不及物动词, 所选关系代词在从句中作状语, 所以要用where。
7.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句。此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代替前边整个句子。句意为： “大学毕业后, 我们休假一段时间去旅游, 这结果证明是一个明智的决定。”
8.【答案】A
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：还是孩子的时候, Jack 在以他祖父命名的乡村学校学习。根据选项此题考查从句, 空格设置在名词school后, 且school后有逗号, 此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是school, 它在定于从句中做主语, 因此使用关系代词, 选项中的关系代词只有which和that, 由于是非限定性定语从句, 不能使用that, 因此选择A。
9.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查定语从句。定语从句表示咖啡屋的墙。
10.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句, 先行词是the old temple, 关系词在从句中做roof的定语, 用关系代词whose, 选D。其余选项与题意不符。
11.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句。不定代词something作主语, 用that引导。
12.【答案】that I had done
【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词是 “all”的时候, 定语从句只能由 “that”引导, 又因为主句是一般过去时, “我”所做的事情是过去已经完成的事情, 所以要用过去完成时。
13.【答案】As we have stressed
【解析】本题考查定语从句。当句子以整个主句作为先行词, 又放在主句前的非限定性定语从句只能由 “as”来引导, 主句的内容作定语从句谓语动词的宾语
14.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意为：不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。本定语从句不缺成分, 为主系表结构, 因此只能在考虑填关系副词。A中的What不能引导定语从句。选B. whose谁的, 符合题意。
15.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。development与先行词cities之间是所属关系, 所以选whose。句意是：在中国, 城市的数量在增加, 城市的发展被全世界意识到。
II. 用定语从句将下面句子合并成复合句
1. I’ve never heard of the people and things. You talked about them just now.
2. You are asking a question. The question is the only one that hasn’t been answered.
3. We visited the museum last Sunday. The museum is being decorated now.
4. That evening I ended up working very late. I will tell you more about it later.
5. I wish to thank Professor Smith. Without Smith’s help I would never have got this opportunity.
答案：
1.I’ve never heard of the people and things which you talked about just now.
2. The question you are asking is the only one that hasn’t been answered.
3. The museum (that) we visited last Sunday is being decorated now.
4. That evening, which I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.
5. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this opportunity.
III.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
Rise After Falling
A father was worried about his son, 1 was sixteen years old but had no courage at all. So the father decided to call on a Buddhist monk(僧侣) 2 (train) his boy.
The Buddhist monk said to the boy’s father, “I insist that your son should be left alone here. I’ll make him into a real man within three months. 3 , you can’t come to see him during this period.”
Three months later, the boy’s father 4 (return). The Buddhist monk arranged a boxing match between the boy and an 5 (experience) boxer. Each time the fighter struck the boy, he 6 (fall) down, but at once the boy stood up; and each time a heavy blow knocked him down, the boy stood up again. Several times later, the Buddhist monk asked, “ 7 do you think of your child ”
“What a shame!” the boy’s father said, “I never thought he would be so 8 (easy) knocked down. I needn’t have him stay here any 9 (long)!
“I’m sorry that that’s all you see. Don’t you see that each time he falls down, he stands up again instead of 10 (cry) That’s the kind of courage you wanted him to have.”
【答案】1.who 2.to train 3.However 4.returned 5.experienced 6.fell 7.what 8.easily 9.longer
10.crying
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一个父亲看见自己的儿子没有勇气，于是请了一个僧侣教练让他的儿子来训练他儿子，三个月后，父亲再看儿子，却与僧侣教练针对儿子是否有勇气有了不同的看法。
1.考查定语从句。was sixteen years old but had no courage at all为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his son，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填who。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，他的父亲决定请一位和尚来训练他。分析句子可知，train表目的，为了训练他，故填不定式to train。
3.考查副词。句意：三个月之内我将让他变成一个真正的男人，然而，在这期间你不能去看他。此处表示转折，有逗号，故填However。
4.考查动词时态和语态。句意：三个月之后，他的父亲回来了。本句缺乏谓语，return与主语为主谓关系，陈述过去事情，故用一般过去时returned。
5.考查形容词。这里形容一个有经验的拳击手，修饰名词boxer用形容词experienced，意为“有经验的”，故填experienced。
6.考查动词时态和语态。本句缺乏谓语，fall与主语为主谓关系，陈述过去事情，故用一般过去时fell。
7.考查特殊疑问词。句意：你觉得你的孩子怎么样？本句为句型What do you think of...？意为“……觉得怎么样”，故填What。
8.考查副词。副词修饰动词短语knocked down，故填easily。
9.考查固定短语。本句运用了短语，not any longer意为“不再”，故填longer。
10.考查非谓语动词。instead of sth./doing sth.意为“代替某事或做某事”，of后接动名词形式，故填crying。
I.单项选择
1.Stephen Hawking believes that earth is unlikely to be the only planet life has developed gradually.
A. that B. where C. which D. whose
2.I’ve become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year.
A. who B. where C. when D. which
3.The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister ______ she would stay for an hour.
A where B who C which D what
4.That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen.
A. that B. which C. whose D. What
5.Wind power is an ancient source of energy we may return in the near future.
A. on which B. by which C. to which D. from which
6.-----Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut
-----You should try the barber’s I go. It’s only 15.
A. as B. which C. where D. that
7.After graduating from college, I took some time off to go travelling, turned out to be a wise decision.
A. that B. which C. when D. where
8.As a child , Jack studied in a village school ,_____ is named after his grandfather.
A. which B. where C. what D. that
9.The newly built café, the walls of_______ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work.
A. that B. it C. what D. which
10.The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair.
A. where B. which C. its D. whose
11.I refuse to accept the blame for something ________was someone else’s fault.
A. who B. that C. as D. what
12.My mother was so proud of all ________（我所做的）that she rewarded me with a trip to Beijing. (do)
13. 正如我们强调的那样)many times, “serve the people” is our first policy. (stress)
14.Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.
A. what B. whose C. which D. that www. /gaokao/beijing
15.In china, the number of cities is increasing ________development is recognized across the world.
A. where B. which C. whose D. that
答案：
1.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词为planet, 表示地点, 故用where。
2.【答案】A
【解析】本题考查定语从句。该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词the students, 且在从句中作met的宾语, 故选关系代词who, 即A项。
3.【答案】A
【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词为centre, she would stay for an hour 不缺宾语或主语, 故要填状语, 表地点用where。
4.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意应为 “那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用, 所以使用whose。
5.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。考查介词+which的用法。=Wind power is an ancient source of energy which that we may return to in the near future.
6.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：—你能相信我理一次发得花20美元吗？—你应该到我去的那家理发店试试, 只需要15美元。句中the barber’s 是先行词, 从句中go 是不及物动词, 所选关系代词在从句中作状语, 所以要用where。
7.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句。此处应为which引导的非限制性定语从句, which代替前边整个句子。句意为： “大学毕业后, 我们休假一段时间去旅游, 这结果证明是一个明智的决定。”
8.【答案】A
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意：还是孩子的时候, Jack 在以他祖父命名的乡村学校学习。根据选项此题考查从句, 空格设置在名词school后, 且school后有逗号, 此题考查非限定性定语从句。定语从句所修饰的先行词是school, 它在定于从句中做主语, 因此使用关系代词, 选项中的关系代词只有which和that, 由于是非限定性定语从句, 不能使用that, 因此选择A。
9.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查定语从句。定语从句表示咖啡屋的墙。
10.【答案】D
【解析】本题考查定语从句。所填词引导定语从句, 先行词是the old temple, 关系词在从句中做roof的定语, 用关系代词whose, 选D。其余选项与题意不符。
11.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句。不定代词something作主语, 用that引导。
12.【答案】that I had done
【解析】本题考查定语从句。先行词是 “all”的时候, 定语从句只能由 “that”引导, 又因为主句是一般过去时, “我”所做的事情是过去已经完成的事情, 所以要用过去完成时。
13.【答案】As we have stressed
【解析】本题考查定语从句。当句子以整个主句作为先行词, 又放在主句前的非限定性定语从句只能由 “as”来引导, 主句的内容作定语从句谓语动词的宾语
14.【答案】B
【解析】本题考查定语从句。句意为：不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的孩子们会很快发胖。本定语从句不缺成分, 为主系表结构, 因此只能在考虑填关系副词。A中的What不能引导定语从句。选B. whose谁的, 符合题意。
15.【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句。development与先行词cities之间是所属关系, 所以选whose。句意是：在中国, 城市的数量在增加, 城市的发展被全世界意识到。
II. 用定语从句将下面句子合并成复合句
1. I’ve never heard of the people and things. You talked about them just now.
2. You are asking a question. The question is the only one that hasn’t been answered.
3. We visited the museum last Sunday. The museum is being decorated now.
4. That evening I ended up working very late. I will tell you more about it later.
5. I wish to thank Professor Smith. Without Smith’s help I would never have got this opportunity.
答案：
1.I’ve never heard of the people and things which you talked about just now.
2. The question you are asking is the only one that hasn’t been answered.
3. The museum (that) we visited last Sunday is being decorated now.
4. That evening, which I will tell you more about later, I ended up working very late.
5. I wish to thank Professor Smith, without whose help I would never have got this opportunity.
III.语法填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
Rise After Falling
A father was worried about his son, 1 was sixteen years old but had no courage at all. So the father decided to call on a Buddhist monk(僧侣) 2 (train) his boy.
The Buddhist monk said to the boy’s father, “I insist that your son should be left alone here. I’ll make him into a real man within three months. 3 , you can’t come to see him during this period.”
Three months later, the boy’s father 4 (return). The Buddhist monk arranged a boxing match between the boy and an 5 (experience) boxer. Each time the fighter struck the boy, he 6 (fall) down, but at once the boy stood up; and each time a heavy blow knocked him down, the boy stood up again. Several times later, the Buddhist monk asked, “ 7 do you think of your child ”
“What a shame!” the boy’s father said, “I never thought he would be so 8 (easy) knocked down. I needn’t have him stay here any 9 (long)!
“I’m sorry that that’s all you see. Don’t you see that each time he falls down, he stands up again instead of 10 (cry) That’s the kind of courage you wanted him to have.”
【答案】1.who 2.to train 3.However 4.returned 5.experienced 6.fell 7.what 8.easily 9.longer
10.crying
【解析】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了一个父亲看见自己的儿子没有勇气，于是请了一个僧侣教练让他的儿子来训练他儿子，三个月后，父亲再看儿子，却与僧侣教练针对儿子是否有勇气有了不同的看法。
1.考查定语从句。was sixteen years old but had no courage at all为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词his son，在后面的非限制性定语从句中作主语，故填who。
2.考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，他的父亲决定请一位和尚来训练他。分析句子可知，train表目的，为了训练他，故填不定式to train。
3.考查副词。句意：三个月之内我将让他变成一个真正的男人，然而，在这期间你不能去看他。此处表示转折，有逗号，故填However。
4.考查动词时态和语态。句意：三个月之后，他的父亲回来了。本句缺乏谓语，return与主语为主谓关系，陈述过去事情，故用一般过去时returned。
5.考查形容词。这里形容一个有经验的拳击手，修饰名词boxer用形容词experienced，意为“有经验的”，故填experienced。
6.考查动词时态和语态。本句缺乏谓语，fall与主语为主谓关系，陈述过去事情，故用一般过去时fell。
7.考查特殊疑问词。句意：你觉得你的孩子怎么样？本句为句型What do you think of...？意为“……觉得怎么样”，故填What。
8.考查副词。副词修饰动词短语knocked down，故填easily。
9.考查固定短语。本句运用了短语，not any longer意为“不再”，故填longer。
10.考查非谓语动词。instead of sth./doing sth.意为“代替某事或做某事”，of后接动名词形式，故填crying。