人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit1 People of Achievement单元限时作业（有解析）

Unit 1 People of Achievement单元限时作业
刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：社会文化 词数：362 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[山东新泰二中2020高一阶段测试]Ninety-five percent of American families are now online，with adults spending averagely five hours a day at home on the computer，which greatly influences their life according to a new study. Yes，we’re connecting more with friends，but we’re also having dinner more quickly so we can update our Facebook status. Does your life suffer from too much time being spent online，and do you properly protect your family’s identity when you share their information online？Here’s how to take control of the situation.
According to Sherry Turkle，professor of psychology at MIT（Massachusetts Institute of Technology）, many people use their computers to avoid the messiness of real life. It’s difficult to refuse a friend，but it’s easy to send out an e-mail to do that. When you find yourself hiding behind your screen, make an effort to reconnect with people face to face. “It’s not because the technology is bad，”says Turkle. “It’s a matter of figuring out its place in our life.”
Proud parents can’t help posting photos of their kids. But publicly sharing your kid’s information，such as your child’s full name，birth date，and place of residence could put him or her in danger. To avoid the risk，invite the people you know well to view the photos on password-protected（加密保护的）websites such as Flickr and Snapfish. If you use Facebook, create a group of your inner circle specially for sharing photos and news of your kid.
Need a handy way to measure your family’s online habits Check out the family plan on www.. It tracks how each member of your family spends time online，and it shows the data by hour，day，and week. The website，which also offers personal plans even allows you to block distracting（令人分心的）websites from your loved ones and yourself.
If reaching for your phone to check for messages and e-mails has become an uncontrollable habit，try this trick. Keep your devices on but turn off every message notification，vibration（振动），and so on. Check for updates only when you finish a task.
1. Sherry Turkle probably agrees that ________.
A. the Internet is just a tool for people
B. people have to know their social status
C. technology can help improve friendship
D. going online helps people lead a happier life
2. How are family members’ online habits tracked by www.
A. By offering plans and blocking unsafe websites.
B. By blocking unwanted contact and information.
C. By tracking their online time and sorting out data.
D. By making plans and storing collected data.
3. What can be the best title for the text
A. Important Tips on Protecting Online Information
B. How to Take Control of Families’ Online behaviour
C. Key Advice on How to Avoid Unsafe Websites
D. How to Break Away From Bad Online Habits
刷7选5
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：268 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
Tips to Create Great Readers
Are great readers born or are they made Obviously, children don’t enter the world knowing how to understand a text or make a prediction. 1 Here are some tips for making children great readers by habit.
2 The most critical moment in reading instruction is when children get something wrong. If the child continues practising the skill incorrectly, he or she will build weaker habits. Intervene(干预) with a targeted question, such as“How does this part of the text help you understand this character ”Doing so can prevent poor bits from taking root and build great ones in their place.
Build habits at the moment of writing. Just like adults, children use writing to gather their thoughts about a text and communicate their ideas to others. 3 For example, children can first have a discussion about what they’re reading by answering a focus question in writing:“What is the author trying to teach us in this story ” 4 By doing this, you can get a better understanding of what guidance the children will need during the discussion.
Build habits at the moment of reading. Independent reading time is important for any reading programme. It’s a chance for children to put together everything they’ve learnt in reading lessons and fly using their own wings. 5 So providing a rich class library and letting children know that they are expected to read for the entire period will ensure their success as lifelong independent readers.
A. Build habits at the moment of error.
B. Make sure children fall in love with reading.
C. Then, you can review their written responses.
D. Then grow into great readers by learning great habits.
E. But it only works if they really do spend that time reading.
F. Specific lines or phrases from the text help to reveal that information.
G. Therefore, you can develop their writing and reading skills at the same time.
刷完形填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 词数：277 难度：中 建议用时：14分钟
I never went to university but always thought about it. The only way I 1 it was listening to my children talk about the interesting classes they were taking. University was just a life-long 2 of mine. I just turned sixty-four years old. I still thought about that old dream 3 one day when there was an Advanced-Age 4 at the local university. I decided to 5 .
My first day of school finally arrived. As I drove there, my mind was filled with 6 thoughts,“What am I doing The 7 will laugh when they see me in class. I probably won’t live long enough to get a 8 . Maybe I should just turn the car around and go home.”
Then, suddenly, I saw it! A large billboard on the side of the road with a picture of Kermit the Frog. I slowed down a little and read the words.“Live your dreams. ”Was Kermit talking about me I didn’t turn the car around.
I drove a little 9 on up the highway and there was another 10 . This one had a picture of Albert Einstein with his tongue 11 out. A line read, “As a student，he was no Einstein.”And there was a word in red,“Confidence”. A new attitude was 12 inside me.
13 the gate of the university, I found there 14 still another billboard. This one owed a photograph of a proud woman. Under the picture was her name, Nola Otis, aged 95, the oldest university graduate. Below it was the words, “Live Life”. At that moment, my outlook changed 15 .
1. A. attended B. gained C. consulted D. contained
2. A. goal B. idea C. advice D. dream
3. A. since B. before C. until D. after
4. A. theme B. system C. programme D. process
5. A. sign up B. turn up C. keep up D. make up
6. A. negative B. attractive C. active D. optimistic
7. A. tutors B. kids C. professors D. guards
8. A. degree B. praise C. skill D. reputation
9. A. higher B. further C. closer D. lower
10. A. billboard B. picture C. portrait D. cartoon
11. A. breaking B. giving C. pulling D. sticking
12. A. holding B. arriving C. setting D. making
13. A. Leaving B. Squeezing C. Approaching D. Staying
14. A. stood B. lived C. lay D. sat
15. A. slightly B. accidentally C. differently D. completely
刷语法填空
体裁：说明文 题材：人与环境 词数：205 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[江苏如泉2020高一教学质检]“The goal is that every 300 metres if you open a window，you 1 （see）green，”says Chen Lan，an expert in Urban Design and Planning at Sichuan University.
With its mild weather，teahouses，quiet leafy streets and 2 （international）known food，Chengdu in Southwest China has been known as one of the country’s 3 （good）cities to live in. Over the last two decades it has grown rapidly， 4 （drive）by China’s Western Development Strategy. In 1998 the city was home to 4.2 million people. People 5 （come）from other parts of Sichuan Province since then，and that figure is now 8.8 million.
To deal with that 6 (grow), the city planners of Chengdu are focused 7 environmental protection. Rather than building parks in a city, the idea is to build a city within a park. By 2050, Chengdu will be home of 8 local officials say will be the world’s largest network of paths for people to walk or bike. The goal of these projects is 9 (help) Chengdu compete with major Chinese cities like Beijing and Shanghai while protecting 10 from the kind of urbanisation and development that has robbed some Chinese cities of their characters.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
刷应用文写作
难度：中 建议用时：15分钟
假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack发邮件称其想要了解中国的科学家。请你给他回一封邮件，向他介绍科学家屠呦呦。要点如下：
1.屠呦呦简介（2015年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖；发现了青蒿素，为人类防治疟疾作出了巨大贡献等）；
2.对你的影响。
注意：1.词数80左右；
2.可适当增加细节以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：malaria疟疾；artemisinin青蒿素
Dear Jack，
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
答案解析
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对如何控制家人安全合理地上网提出了一些具体的建议。
1. A 推理判断题。根据第二段第一句中的 many people use their computers to avoid the messiness of real life并结合后面的例子可知，谢里·特克尔认为很多人过度依赖电脑去逃避现实生活中的麻烦；由第二段最后两句可知，特克尔并不是认为科技不好，而是认为人们应该弄清楚它应在我们的生活中占据什么位置，即特克尔认为互联网对于人们来说只是一种工具。故选A项。
2. C 细节理解题。根据第四段第三句 It tracks how each member of your family spends time online，and it shows the data by hour，day，and week可知，该网站会跟踪每一位家庭成员如何利用上网时间，并按小时、天和周分类显示数据。故选C项。
3. B 主旨大意题。文章第一段点明主旨，提出了人们花大量时间上网、沉迷于查看社交软件状态、上网时不能合理保护家人身份信息等问题，最后一句引起下文，引出控制这种情况的建议。故本文讲的是如何控制家人安全合理地上网，故选B项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文为说明文。文章介绍了一些让孩子们养成良好阅读习惯的建议。
1. D 根据上文 Obviously，children don’t enter the world knowing how to understand a text or make a prediction.可知，D项“他们通过学习好的习惯成长为优秀的读者”符合此处语境，同时呼应空后一句。故选D项。
2. A 根据下文 The most critical moment in reading instruction is when children get something wrong. If the child continues practising the skill incorrectly，he or she will build weaker habits.可知，本段讲述的是在犯错的时候培养习惯。故选A项。
3. G 根据下文 For example，children can first have a discussion about what they’re reading by answering a focus question in writing…可知，G项“因此，你可以同时培养他们的写作和阅读技能”符合此处语境。故选G项。
4. C 根据上文的 For example，children can first have a discussion about what they’re reading by answering question in writing:“What is the author trying to teach us in this story？”和下文的 By doing this，you can get a better…可知，此处起到承上启下的作用，C项“然后，你可以检查他们写下的答案”符合此处语境，故选C项。
5. E 根据上文 It’s a chance for children to put together everything they’ve learnt in reading lessons and fly using their own wings.可知，E项“但这只有在他们真正花时间阅读的情况下才有效”符合此处语境。故选E项。
长难句分析So providing a rich class library and letting children know that they are expected to read for the entire period will ensure their success as lifelong independent readers.
句式分析：providing a rich class library and letting children know that they are expected to read for the entire period是主句的主语，will ensure是主句的谓语，that引导宾语从句，作know的宾语。
句意：因此，提供一个丰富的班级图书馆，让孩子们知道他们一直都需要阅读，这将确保他们成为终身的具有独立阅读能力的人。
刷完形填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述一位一直梦想上大学的老人最终实现了梦想的故事。在去大学的路上，老人在心理上由刚开始的怕别人嘲笑转变到最后看到名人事迹后的释然。
1. A 根据前一句 I never went to university but always thought about it.可知，作者没上过大学，所以作者“上”大学的唯一方法就是听孩子们谈论他们正在上的有趣的课。故选A项。
2. D 根据后文中的 I still thought about that old dream…可知，大学是作者终身的梦想。故选D项。
3. C 根据空后的 one day when there was an Advanced-Age…可知，此处是说作者仍然想着他的梦想，直到有一天当地大学的一个老年课程项目出现。故选C项。
4. C 根据下一段中的 My first day of school finally arrived.可知，作者要参加一个大学的老年课程。故选C项。
5. A 根据 My first day of school finally arrived.可知，此处是说作者决定报名。sign up意为“登记；报名”；turn up意为“出现；把（声音等）调高”；keep up意为“保持；继续”；make up意为“组成；化妆；编造”。故选A项。
6. A 根据后句中 What am I doing？及 I probably won’t live long enough等可知，作者此时头脑中满是消极的想法。故选A项。
7. B 根据空后的 will laugh when they see me in class可知，作者此时已经年纪很大，因此怕班里的孩子们会笑话他。故选B项。
8. A 根据常识，作者来上大学肯定要拿学位，此处是说或许“我”活不到拿到学位的那天。故选A项。
9. B 此处指作者开得更远一点时看见了另一块广告牌。故选B项。
10. A 根据前段中 A large billboard on the side of the road with a picture of Kermit the Frog.可知，前面有一块广告板，故作者此时看见另一块广告板。故选A项。
11. D 根据语境，这个广告板上有一张爱因斯坦伸着舌头的照片。故选D项。
12. B 根据上文的 will laugh when they see me in class可知，作者刚开始态度比较消极，故此时新的态度正在抵达内心。故选B项。
13. C 根据语境，此处是说作者现在正在接近大学校门。故选C项。
14. A 根据空后的 still another billboard可知，此处说作者又看到那儿立着另一个广告板。故选A项。
15. D 根据语境，作者最后指出：在那一刻，我的态度完全改变了。故选D项。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文为一篇说明文。成都市的人口增长迅速，为了保护环境，城市规划者计划提高植被覆盖率，将成都打造成一座公园城市。
1. will see 根据条件状语从句 if you open a window可知，该空遵从“主将从现”原则，应用一般将来时，表示“将会看到”，故填 will see。
2. internationally 修饰形容词 known，应用副词，故填 internationally。
3. best “one of the+最高级+名词复数”为固定用法，意为“最的……之一”。故填best。
4. driven has grown为本句的谓语动词，设空处与其之间无连词连接，应用非谓语动词形式，drive与其逻辑主语it（Chengdu）之间为被动关系，应用过去分词。故填 driven。
5. have come/have been coming 本句为and连接的两个简单句，该空所在的句子为第一个简单句，句中无谓语动词，由时间状语 since then可知，此处表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响。应用现在完成时；此处也可表示动作从过去开始一直延续到现在，应用现在完成进行时。主语 People为复数名词，谓语应用复数形式，故填have come/have been coming。
6. growth that为指示代词，后接名词作 deal with的宾语。故填 growth。
7. on/upon be focused on/upon…为固定搭配，意为“集中于……”，相当于 focus on/upon…，故填on/upon。
8. what 句意为：到2050年，成都将拥有当地政府官员所说的世界上最大的步行和骑行交通网。of为介词，后面的句子为宾语从句，从句中的 local officials say为插入语，will be为谓语动词，从句中缺少主语，指物，应用what引导，故填what。
9. to help 此处位于系动词is后作表语，应用不定式表示目的。故填to help。
10. it 句意为：这些项目的目标是帮助成都与北京和上海等中国主要城市竞争的同时，保护它免受这种城市化和发展的影响，这种城市化和发展已经导致了一些中国城市特色的丢失。由句意可知，该空用代词it代替 Chengdu，作 protecting的宾语。故填it。
刷应用文写作
【写作提示】
1.写作要点：（1）引出要介绍的人物；（2）该人物对人类的贡献；（3）该人物对自己的影响，希望对对方也有积极影响。
2.提分词句：devote…to…，the key to…，numerous failures and setbacks，which引导非限制性定语从句，so.…that…，介词短语置于句首的倒装句，have a positive effect on等。
【参考范文】
Dear Jack,
I’m glad to know that you are interested in Chinese great scientists. I’ll introduce to you my favourite scientist，Tu Youyou.
Tu Youyou devoted most of her time to finding the cure for malaria. In 2015，she was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for discovering artemisinin，which is the key to the treatment of malaria. So great is her contribution to the world that she has become an idol of many people. Behind her success were numerous failures and setbacks，but never did she give up. Inspired by her story，I decided to study harder so as to realise my dream.
I hope her story can also have a positive effect on you.
Yours,
Li Hua