人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement Learning About Language-Using Language 词汇语法专项训练（含解析）
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 1 People of Achievement Learning About Language-Using Language 词汇语法专项训练（含解析） |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 21.1KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-11 11:07:13 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit 1 People of Achievement Learning About Language-Using Language词汇语法专项训练
一、Part I Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The famous book Frankenstein, written by a British ________ (novel) is the first work of science fiction.
2. The teacher patted her ________ (gentle) on the shoulder and then walked out of the classroom.
3. Winning the Nobel prize is a ________ (remark) achievement for any scientist.
4. Most of the scientists do the job ________ of their passion for science rather than money.
5. Since the new president came ________ power, great changes have taken place in the country.
6. The article summed ________ the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites and rockets.
7. Kirk and I grew up being constantly mistaken for each other. As ________ consequence, we were often unfairly punished or rewarded by our teachers.
8. He messed the project up, but he behaved as though nothing ________(happen).
9. As you can see, in our class there are 50 students, half of them ________ (wear) glasses.
10. Our course is based on a specific project, one of ________ aims is to improve students’ comprehensive ability in English.
二、刷语法填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 词数：219 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Antarctica（南极洲），the southernmost part of Earth，is covered 1 snow and ice all year round. 2 it has amazing views，many are still frightened by this icy desert.
But the US explorer Colin O’ Brady is different. Several 3 （month）ago，he became the first person 4 （cross）Antarctica alone. During the 932-mile journey，O’ Brady spent 54 days in extreme conditions. He had to push 5 （he）to the limit. He carried everything he’d need on a sledge. But even with enough food，O’ Brady began to become 6 （thin）and weaker after six weeks.“I 7 （lose）a ton of weight so far. My legs feel more like the size of my arms at this point，”he wrote on US social networking platform Instagram.
Adding to the pressure，O’ Brady was racing against Louis Rudd from the UK. The two men set off together，with Rudd 8 （take）an early lead. But on Christmas Day，O’ Brady decided to make 9 final effort without stopping for a rest. Luckily for him，he made it, getting to the finish line earlier than Rudd.
O’ Brady thinks that he has the spirit of 10 （explore）in his blood: He is an athlete, who loves to move. He also believes we can all have this strength and achieve much.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
三、刷阅读理解
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 词数：343 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
Every summer, my family and I visit our relatives in India and whenever we travel, my parents always remind me to drink only bottled or boiled water. On one of my trips to India, I saw children drinking water from the roadside. I was troubled to learn that millions of people, most of them children in developing countries, die each year because of water-related diseases.
Living in the US, I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water (饮用水), while one sixth of the world’s population lacks access to clean water. This year, I entered the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge. In late June, I learnt that I was selected as one of the top 10 national finalists of this famous middle school science competition. Over the summer, I worked with Dr Jim Jonza, my scientist mentor (导师) from 3M, and developed a system that uses solar energy to purify water. My invention is green and cost-effective, and I am looking forward to implementing this in places that are affected by harmful water pollution.
In October，my family and I flew to 3M headquarters in St Paul，Minnesota，where the final event was to be held. For the last challenge，each of us had to present the invention we had been working on over the summer. The first place winner would win $25，000，a trip to Costa Rica，and the title of America’s Top Young Scientist. At the awards ceremony，all of us waited anxiously until one of the judges，Danny Forester，started announcing“The winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge is…”You could hear a pin（大头针）drop as he opened the paper with the winners name，“Deepika Kurup！”
As America’s Top Young Scientist，I was given an opportunity to show my invention on national television and deliver several presentations. One of the most important things I have learnt is that communication and teamwork are key to success.
1. Why does the author mention her visits to India？
A. To express her great love for India.
B. To show the problem of unclean water.
C. To explain the importance of relatives.
D. To compare eastern and western cultures.
2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word“implementing”in Paragraph 2？
A. Researching. B. Changing. C. Finishing. D. Using.
3. How did the audience react as Forester opened the paper with the winners name？
A. They appeared calm.
B. They let out shouts of joy.
C. They sat quietly.
D. They dropped pins to the author.
4. How is the text mainly organized
A. In order of time.
B. In order of complexity（复杂性）.
C. In order of place.
D. In order of importance.
答案解析
刷单句填空
1. novelist 句意为：著名的《科学怪人》由一名英国小说家创作，是第一部科幻小说。设空处前有不定冠词a及 British修饰，根据设空处前的 written by可知，设空处指“小说家”。故填 novelist。
2. gently 句意为：老师轻轻地拍了拍她的肩膀，然后走出了教室。设空处修饰动词 patted，应用副词。故填 gently。
3. remarkable 句意为：对任何一位科学家来说，获得诺贝尔奖都是项非凡的成就。设空处作定语，修饰名词 achievement，应用形容词。故填 remarkable。
4. out 句意为：大多数科学家做这项工作是出于他们对科学的热爱，而不是为了钱。out of one’s passion意为“出于某人的热爱”，为固定短语。故填out。
5. to 句意为：自从新总统上台以来，这个国家发生了巨大的变化。come to power意为“上台；执政”，为固定搭配。故填to。
6. up 句意为：这篇文章总结了在电子计算机、人造卫星和火箭方面取得的新成就。sum up为固定搭配，意为“总结；概述”。故填up。
7. a 句意为：柯克和我从小到大一直被误认为是对方。因此，我们经常受到来自我们老师的不公平的惩罚或奖励。as a consequence意为“结果”，为固定短语。故填a。
8. had happened 句意为：他把计划搞砸了，但他表现得好像什么事也没发生。as though在此引导方式状语从句，从句要用虚拟语气；根据主句时态为一般过去时可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，从句应用过去完成时。故填 had happened。
9. wearing 句意为：如你所见，我们班有50名学生，其中一半戴眼镜。此处“half of them+非谓语动词”构成独立主格结构；wear与其逻辑主语 half of them之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填 wearing。
10. whose 句意为：我们的课程是基于一个特定的项目，它的目标之一是提高学生的英语综合能力。逗号后是定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作定语修饰aims，所以应用关系代词 whose。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国探险家科林·奧布雷迪在几个月前成为第一个独自穿越南极洲的人的故事。
1. with/by be covered with/by为固定搭配，意为“被……覆盖着”，故填with/by。
2. Although/Though/While 句意为：虽然它有令人惊叹的景色，但许多人仍然害怕这片极冷的荒漠。根据句意可知，应用连词引导让步状语从句，故填 Although/Though/While。
3. months month为可数名词，前面有 Several修饰，故用复数形式 months。
4. to cross “序数词+n.”后应用不定式作后置定语，表示“他成为第一个独自穿越南极洲的人”，故填 to cross。
5. himself 句意为：他必须逼他自己挑战极限。主语与宾语指的是同人，宾语应用反身代词。故填 himself。
6. thinner 根据后文 and weaker可知，此处应用形容词比较级，故填thinner。
7. have lost 根据时间状语 so far可知，应用现在完成时，故填have lost。
8. taking 句意为：两人一起出发，拉德起初领先。设空处是非谓语动词作宾语补足语，take与前面的宾语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填 taking。
9. a make a/an…effort为固定用法，意为“作……的努力”，空后单词final的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
10. exploration 作介词的宾语应用名词形式。故填 exploration。
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。作者去印度时发现那里的人们缺乏清洁的饮用水，由此得到启发，回国后参加了探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛，有机会与吉姆·琼扎博士合作，开发了一个利用太阳能的净水系统。作者凭自己的发明在决賽中获奖，荣获“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号。
1. B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 I was troubled to learn that millions of people，most of them children in developing countries，die each year because of water-related diseases.可知，作者提到自己去印度的经历是为了说明人们缺乏清洁饮用水的问题。故选B项。
2. D 词义猜测题。根据 My invention is green and cost--effective可知作者有了某项发明，再由画线词后的内容可知作者希望自己的发明用到有水污染的地方，故 implementing是“应用”的意思。
3. C 细节理解题。根据 You could hear a pin drop as he opened the paper with the winners name可知，宣布获奖名单时，你甚至可以听到大头针落地的声音。由此可知，观众都非常安静地坐着，故选C项。
4. A 推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者主要按时间顺序回顾了自己在探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中夺冠的经历。故选A项。
长难句分析 Living in the US，I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water，while one sixth of the world’s population lacks access to clean water.
句式分析：Living in the us是现在分词短语作状语；while是连词，意为“然而”，连接并列句。
句意：生活在美国，我很幸运能够打开水龙头就喝到饮用水，而世界上有六分之一的人口缺乏清洁饮用水。
2 / 2
一、Part I Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. The famous book Frankenstein, written by a British ________ (novel) is the first work of science fiction.
2. The teacher patted her ________ (gentle) on the shoulder and then walked out of the classroom.
3. Winning the Nobel prize is a ________ (remark) achievement for any scientist.
4. Most of the scientists do the job ________ of their passion for science rather than money.
5. Since the new president came ________ power, great changes have taken place in the country.
6. The article summed ________ the new achievements made in electronic computers, artificial satellites and rockets.
7. Kirk and I grew up being constantly mistaken for each other. As ________ consequence, we were often unfairly punished or rewarded by our teachers.
8. He messed the project up, but he behaved as though nothing ________(happen).
9. As you can see, in our class there are 50 students, half of them ________ (wear) glasses.
10. Our course is based on a specific project, one of ________ aims is to improve students’ comprehensive ability in English.
二、刷语法填空
体裁：记叙文 题材：人物故事 词数：219 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Antarctica（南极洲），the southernmost part of Earth，is covered 1 snow and ice all year round. 2 it has amazing views，many are still frightened by this icy desert.
But the US explorer Colin O’ Brady is different. Several 3 （month）ago，he became the first person 4 （cross）Antarctica alone. During the 932-mile journey，O’ Brady spent 54 days in extreme conditions. He had to push 5 （he）to the limit. He carried everything he’d need on a sledge. But even with enough food，O’ Brady began to become 6 （thin）and weaker after six weeks.“I 7 （lose）a ton of weight so far. My legs feel more like the size of my arms at this point，”he wrote on US social networking platform Instagram.
Adding to the pressure，O’ Brady was racing against Louis Rudd from the UK. The two men set off together，with Rudd 8 （take）an early lead. But on Christmas Day，O’ Brady decided to make 9 final effort without stopping for a rest. Luckily for him，he made it, getting to the finish line earlier than Rudd.
O’ Brady thinks that he has the spirit of 10 （explore）in his blood: He is an athlete, who loves to move. He also believes we can all have this strength and achieve much.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
三、刷阅读理解
体裁：记叙文 题材：个人经历 词数：343 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
Every summer, my family and I visit our relatives in India and whenever we travel, my parents always remind me to drink only bottled or boiled water. On one of my trips to India, I saw children drinking water from the roadside. I was troubled to learn that millions of people, most of them children in developing countries, die each year because of water-related diseases.
Living in the US, I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water (饮用水), while one sixth of the world’s population lacks access to clean water. This year, I entered the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge. In late June, I learnt that I was selected as one of the top 10 national finalists of this famous middle school science competition. Over the summer, I worked with Dr Jim Jonza, my scientist mentor (导师) from 3M, and developed a system that uses solar energy to purify water. My invention is green and cost-effective, and I am looking forward to implementing this in places that are affected by harmful water pollution.
In October，my family and I flew to 3M headquarters in St Paul，Minnesota，where the final event was to be held. For the last challenge，each of us had to present the invention we had been working on over the summer. The first place winner would win $25，000，a trip to Costa Rica，and the title of America’s Top Young Scientist. At the awards ceremony，all of us waited anxiously until one of the judges，Danny Forester，started announcing“The winner of the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge is…”You could hear a pin（大头针）drop as he opened the paper with the winners name，“Deepika Kurup！”
As America’s Top Young Scientist，I was given an opportunity to show my invention on national television and deliver several presentations. One of the most important things I have learnt is that communication and teamwork are key to success.
1. Why does the author mention her visits to India？
A. To express her great love for India.
B. To show the problem of unclean water.
C. To explain the importance of relatives.
D. To compare eastern and western cultures.
2. Which of the following can replace the underlined word“implementing”in Paragraph 2？
A. Researching. B. Changing. C. Finishing. D. Using.
3. How did the audience react as Forester opened the paper with the winners name？
A. They appeared calm.
B. They let out shouts of joy.
C. They sat quietly.
D. They dropped pins to the author.
4. How is the text mainly organized
A. In order of time.
B. In order of complexity（复杂性）.
C. In order of place.
D. In order of importance.
答案解析
刷单句填空
1. novelist 句意为：著名的《科学怪人》由一名英国小说家创作，是第一部科幻小说。设空处前有不定冠词a及 British修饰，根据设空处前的 written by可知，设空处指“小说家”。故填 novelist。
2. gently 句意为：老师轻轻地拍了拍她的肩膀，然后走出了教室。设空处修饰动词 patted，应用副词。故填 gently。
3. remarkable 句意为：对任何一位科学家来说，获得诺贝尔奖都是项非凡的成就。设空处作定语，修饰名词 achievement，应用形容词。故填 remarkable。
4. out 句意为：大多数科学家做这项工作是出于他们对科学的热爱，而不是为了钱。out of one’s passion意为“出于某人的热爱”，为固定短语。故填out。
5. to 句意为：自从新总统上台以来，这个国家发生了巨大的变化。come to power意为“上台；执政”，为固定搭配。故填to。
6. up 句意为：这篇文章总结了在电子计算机、人造卫星和火箭方面取得的新成就。sum up为固定搭配，意为“总结；概述”。故填up。
7. a 句意为：柯克和我从小到大一直被误认为是对方。因此，我们经常受到来自我们老师的不公平的惩罚或奖励。as a consequence意为“结果”，为固定短语。故填a。
8. had happened 句意为：他把计划搞砸了，但他表现得好像什么事也没发生。as though在此引导方式状语从句，从句要用虚拟语气；根据主句时态为一般过去时可知，此处是对过去情况的虚拟，从句应用过去完成时。故填 had happened。
9. wearing 句意为：如你所见，我们班有50名学生，其中一半戴眼镜。此处“half of them+非谓语动词”构成独立主格结构；wear与其逻辑主语 half of them之间是主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填 wearing。
10. whose 句意为：我们的课程是基于一个特定的项目，它的目标之一是提高学生的英语综合能力。逗号后是定语从句，关系词在定语从句中作定语修饰aims，所以应用关系代词 whose。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国探险家科林·奧布雷迪在几个月前成为第一个独自穿越南极洲的人的故事。
1. with/by be covered with/by为固定搭配，意为“被……覆盖着”，故填with/by。
2. Although/Though/While 句意为：虽然它有令人惊叹的景色，但许多人仍然害怕这片极冷的荒漠。根据句意可知，应用连词引导让步状语从句，故填 Although/Though/While。
3. months month为可数名词，前面有 Several修饰，故用复数形式 months。
4. to cross “序数词+n.”后应用不定式作后置定语，表示“他成为第一个独自穿越南极洲的人”，故填 to cross。
5. himself 句意为：他必须逼他自己挑战极限。主语与宾语指的是同人，宾语应用反身代词。故填 himself。
6. thinner 根据后文 and weaker可知，此处应用形容词比较级，故填thinner。
7. have lost 根据时间状语 so far可知，应用现在完成时，故填have lost。
8. taking 句意为：两人一起出发，拉德起初领先。设空处是非谓语动词作宾语补足语，take与前面的宾语之间是逻辑上的主动关系，所以应用现在分词。故填 taking。
9. a make a/an…effort为固定用法，意为“作……的努力”，空后单词final的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
10. exploration 作介词的宾语应用名词形式。故填 exploration。
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。作者去印度时发现那里的人们缺乏清洁的饮用水，由此得到启发，回国后参加了探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛，有机会与吉姆·琼扎博士合作，开发了一个利用太阳能的净水系统。作者凭自己的发明在决賽中获奖，荣获“美国顶尖青年科学家”的称号。
1. B 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句 I was troubled to learn that millions of people，most of them children in developing countries，die each year because of water-related diseases.可知，作者提到自己去印度的经历是为了说明人们缺乏清洁饮用水的问题。故选B项。
2. D 词义猜测题。根据 My invention is green and cost--effective可知作者有了某项发明，再由画线词后的内容可知作者希望自己的发明用到有水污染的地方，故 implementing是“应用”的意思。
3. C 细节理解题。根据 You could hear a pin drop as he opened the paper with the winners name可知，宣布获奖名单时，你甚至可以听到大头针落地的声音。由此可知，观众都非常安静地坐着，故选C项。
4. A 推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者主要按时间顺序回顾了自己在探索教育3M青年科学家挑战赛中夺冠的经历。故选A项。
长难句分析 Living in the US，I am lucky to be able to turn on the tap and get potable water，while one sixth of the world’s population lacks access to clean water.
句式分析：Living in the us是现在分词短语作状语；while是连词，意为“然而”，连接并列句。
句意：生活在美国，我很幸运能够打开水龙头就喝到饮用水，而世界上有六分之一的人口缺乏清洁饮用水。
2 / 2