Unit 2 LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE结构-情景破
知识点1 /what引导宾语从句
. . . if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey. (教材P14). …如果你想改变你的惯例,只要大声说出你想要的,家居系统就会服从。
情景导学
If you ask me, I think you should choose what you like. 如果你问我,我想你应该选择你喜欢的。
What he is doing now is of great importance. 他现在做的事至关重要。
Now my question is what we should do next. 现在我的问题是我们接下来该做什么。
归纳拓展
①what引导宾语从句时,在从句中充当句子成分,可以作 等。除了引导宾语从句外, what还可以引导 、 等其他名词性从句。
② 引导名词性从句,可作从句的主语、宾语;而 在名词性从句中只起连接作用,不作任何句子成分。通常情况下,介词后不直接that引导的宾语从句。
链接高考
单句语法填空
(2019课标全国I,阅读理解A,)The deadlines and you need to apply depend on the program.
1-2 (2019课标全国I,阅读理解B,★★) you need is a great teacher who lets you make mistakes.
1-3(2018浙江,应用文写作,★★)
I am writing to tell you something about happened to me.
1-4(2018课标全国I,完形填空,★★) In his introduction, he made it clear our credits would be hard-earned.
1-5(2018天津,阅读表达,★★)Anxiously I went to bed dreaming about I would find at the top of this magical mountain.
1-6 (2017浙江,读后续写,★★)At the sight of the scene, they were aware of had happened.
知识点2|疑问词+不定式
It will also give you suggestions on a healthier diet and how to sleep better. (教材P15)它也会给你一些有关更健康的饮食和如何睡得更好的建议。
情景导学
I wonder how to deal with this problem. 我想知道如何处理这个问题。
They are both uncertain about what to do next. 他们两个人都拿不定主意下一步做什么。
Where to go on an outing hasn't been decided yet. 去哪里远足还没有决定。
The question is when to carry out our plan. 问题是什么时候实施我们的计划。
What concerns her most is whom to depend on. 最让她担忧的是依靠谁。
归纳拓展
①在“疑问词+不定式”结构中,疑问词可以是等 。
②“疑问词+不定式”结构在句中可以作 等。
③疑问代词后面须跟 动词;若是不及物动词,后面须跟相应的 。疑问副词后可以接不及物动词;若接及物动词,动词不定式须有自己的 。
单句语法填空
2-1 (2019天津,阅读理解B,★★) It seemed an unending journey,but even as a six-year-old girl I realized that knowing how ( read ) could open many doors.
2-2 2018课标全国Ⅰ,阅读理解B改编,★★)With the help of chef Matt Tebbutt,she offers top tips on how ( reduce ) food waste, while preparing recipes for under $5 per family a day.
2-3 (2018课标全国I,七选五,★★★)A grasp of___to manage color in your spaces is one of the first steps to creating rooms you'll love to live in.
2-4 (2018课标全国Ⅰ,完形填空,★★) The absolute most important skill that you learn when you play chess is to make good decisions.
2-5 ( 2018课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解D,★★)
The key to successful small talk is learning to connect with others, not just communicate with them.
知识点3现在完成时+since. . .
They have lived mainly as farmers since the 18th century. . . (教材P20)自十八世纪以来,他们主要以农民的身份生活…….
情景导学
Great changes have taken place here since he left. 自从他离开以来,这里已经发生了巨大的变化。
归纳拓展
①since +表示过去的时间,句子要用现在完成时;since引导状语从句,状语从句常与 连用,主句常用 。
②ever since“自从;自……以后”,可作介词、连词或副词。可单独使用,也可接名词、短语或从句,其中从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。
单句语法填空
3-1 (2018浙江11月,语法填空,★★)You probably ( use ) caffeine since
childhood.
3-2(2018 课标全国Ⅱ,语法填空,★★)Since 2011,the country ( grow )
more corn than rice.
3-3 ( 2017浙江,听力,★★)I ( gain ) five pounds since I ( arrive) .
3-4(★★)自去年他毕业以来,我就没有收到过他的信。
I haven't heard from him ever .
知识点4 make+形式宾语it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语
Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. (教材P20)此外,互联网使朋友和家人即使身处世界的两端也能够轻易地保持联系成为可能。
情景导学
The rapid development of science and technology makes it possible for us to do what we couldn't do in the past. 科技的迅速发展使得我们能够做过去不能做的事情成为可能。
Jack made it clear that he didn't agree with us. Jack 清楚地表明了他不同意我们的意见。
I think it necessary for us to learn English well. 我认为学好英语对我们来说是有必要的。
归纳拓展
①根据以上例句,我们可以总结出以下结构: make+it(形式宾语)+ + 。
②除make之外,常用于这种结构的动词还有: 等。
③此结构中的宾语补足语可以是 ,也可以是名词;真正的宾语可以是 或动名词。
单句语法填空
4-1 (2017 课标全国I,完形填空,★★)Yet instead of being discouraged by my slow progress, I was excited. I then made a point to attend those meetings and learn all I could.
4-2 (2017课标全国Ⅱ,阅读理解C,★★)The government has already permitted the company to use special materials to make it easier for the vehicle ( fly ) . 4-3 (2017浙江,阅读理解B,★★)She says these activities at bedtime can get kids all excited and make it hard for them ( calm ) down and sleep.
完成句子
4-4 (2015山东,4,★★)苏珊清楚地向我表明,她希望自己开始一种新生活。
Susan to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
答案:
知识点1
①主语、宾语;主语从句;表语从句 ②what ; that
1-1 what考查名词性从句。句意:最后期限和你需要什么来申请取决于项目。分析结构可知,设空处引导主语从句,且动词need缺少宾语,故应用what。
1-2 What 考查名词性从句。句意:你需要的是一个允许你犯错的好老师。分析结构可知,is前是一个主
语从句,且动词need缺少宾语,且设空处位于句首,故应用What。
1-3 what 考查名词性从句。句意:我写信是想告诉你一些发生在我身上的事。分析结构可知,介词about后面是-一个宾语从句,且从句中缺少主语,故应用what。
1-4 that 考查宾语从句。句意: 他在介绍中明确表示,我们的学分将会来之不易。分析句子成分可知,此处it作形式宾语,真正的宾语为设空处引导的从句,从句中不缺成分,故应用that。make it clear that……意为“把……弄清楚/说明白”
1-5 what考查名词性从句。句意:我焦急地上床睡觉了,梦想着我会在这座有魔力的山上发现什么。分析结构可知,介词about后面是一个宾语从句,且动词
find后缺少宾语,故应用what。
1-6 what 考查名词性从句。 句意:一看到这情景,他们就知道发生了什么。分析结构可知,介词of后面是一个宾语从句,且从句中缺少主语,故应用what。
知识点2
①who、what、which、when、where、how、whom、whose
②主语、宾语、表语
③及物 ;介词;宾语
2-1 to read 考查非谓语动词。句意:这似乎是一段永无止境的旅程,但即使是作为一个六岁的女孩,我也意识到知道如何阅读可以打开许多扇门。分析结
构可知, how to read在句中作knowing的宾语。
2-2toreduce考查非谓语动词。句意:在厨师Matt Tebbutt的帮助下,她在为每个家庭准备一天低于5 英镑的食谱时提供了关于如何减少食物浪费的很好的建议。分析结构可知,how to reduce food waste 在句中作介词on的宾语。
2-3how考查“疑问词+动词不定式”。句意:掌握如何管理空间中的颜色是创建您喜欢居住的房间的首要步骤之一。由句意可知,此处应填how,构成“疑问词+动词不定式”结构。
2-4 how 考查“ 疑问词+动词不定式”。句意:你在下棋时学到的最重要的技巧是如何做出恰当的决定。由句意可知,此处应填how。
2-5 how 考查“疑问词+动词不定式”。句意:成功闲聊的关键是学习如何与他人建立联系,而不仅仅是与他们交流。由句意可知此处应填how。
知识点3
①--般过去时;现在完成时
3-1 have used考查动词时态。 句意:你可能从孩童时期就摄入咖啡因。分析句子结构可知,此处应填谓语动词,由Since可确定此处应用现在完成时。
3-2 has grown考查动词时态和主谓--致。句意:自2011年以来,这个国家种植的玉米比水稻多。分析子结构可知,此处应填谓语动词,由 Since可确定此处应用现在完成时,且主语为单数,故填 has grown。
3-3 have gained;arrived考查动词时态。句意我到达以来,我已经胖了五磅。since引导状语从句常用一般过去时,主句常用现在完成时。
3-4 since he graduated last year
知识点4
①宾语补足语;真正的宾语 ② think、consider、find、feel,suppose ③形容词;不定式短语、that从句
4-1 it考查it作形式宾语。句意:然而,我并没有因为自己的缓慢进步而气馁,相反,我感到兴奋。然后我重视参加那些集会,学习我所能学到的一切。分析句子成分可知,此处应用ⅱ作形式宾语,真正的宾语为其后的动词不定式短语。make it a point to do sth意为“重视做某事”。
4-2 toy考查非谓语动词。句意:政府已经允许该公司使用特殊材料,以使车辆飞行更加容易。分析句子成分可知,此处it作形式宾语,真正的宾语应用动词不定式。
4-3 to calm考查非谓语动词。句意:她说这些睡前活动会让孩子们非常兴奋,使他们难以平静下来入睡。本句中i作形式宾语,后面应用不定式短语作真正的宾语。
4-4 made it clear