人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit2 Looking into the Future 拓展阅读专项训练（一）（含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit2 Looking into the Future 拓展阅读专项训练（一）（含解析） |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-11 12:13:41 | ||
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Unit 2 Looking into the Future 拓展阅读专项训练（一）
刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：研究发明 词数：327 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
Dogs are our best friends. That’s especially true after a disaster，such as an earthquake. When buildings fall down，search-and-rescue dogs help find trapped people. Dogs’amazing noses can pick up the smell of survivors. Now scientists have developed electronic tool that does the same thing. It’s taking smell detection（探测）to a whole new level.
The new invention is a sort of electronic nose, which can detect extremely low levels of many compounds（化合物）from people’s skin. This isn’t the first time engineers have developed such an object. Earlier models，however，have been bulky and expensive. They could not detect low levels of target compounds either. The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.
The electronic nose can detect extremely slight smell of more than one compound at the same time.“Being able to do this，in such a small object，is the significant discovery，”says Sotiris E. Pratsinis，Professor of Process Engineering and Materials Science at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. His team tested it in special spaces. They were like the small spaces where people might be trapped. Chemicals given off by the volunteers built up inside. The electronic equipment detected those compounds at unbelievably low levels.
The results were good news for the research team. But they may be not for our four-legged friends，who could soon be out of a job.“Ideally，this technology could replace search-and-rescue dogs,”Pratsinis says.
Stephen Taylor, an electrical engineer, agrees that the new technology has some benefits over dogs. Still, he thinks it may be too soon to have our trusty friends retire. He suspects,“I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs.” Taylor also points out some potential limitations of the new invention.“E-noses are useful, but can be very likely to be affected by unstable readings and interruption,”he says.
1. Why does the author talk about dogs at the beginning
A. To catch the readers’ attention.
B. To introduce the topic about e-noses.
C. To show what search-and-rescue dogs do.
D. To add background information for discussion.
2. Which of the following best explains“bulky”underlined in Paragraph 2
A Complex. B. fragile. C. Handy. D. Large.
3. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. What e-noses’ working principle is.
B. How e-noses are made.
C. What differences between dogs and e-noses are.
D. How powerful e-noses are.
4. What does Stephen Taylor mean？
A. Dogs and e-noses could work together.
B. Search-and-rescue dogs will retire soon.
C. E-noses are more reliable than noses of dogs.
D. Dogs are better at finding out trapped people.
刷7选5
体裁：议论文 题材：环境保护 词数：243 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste—a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage. 1
“We’re being overwhelmed（淹没）by our waste，”said Jenna Jambeck，an environmental engineer who led the 2015 study that determined this astonishing number. 2 , unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.
Plastic—a widely-used material—has in many ways been a benefit to humans but it has also caused a growing problem. Today，plastics are the No.1 type of garbage found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy，a non-profit environmental advocacy group that organises an annual coastal cleanup event worldwide，said plastic waste makes up around 85 per cent of the garbage collected from beaches and oceans.
Oceans Conservancy says plastics are believed to threaten（威胁）at least 600 different wildlife species（物种）. 3 ；a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. Research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans, and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.
4 . At the Economist World Ocean Summit this week, ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea litter as part of UN Environment’s Clean Seas campaign. 5 . Corporations also have a role, as do individuals. We can start by thinking twice before using single-use plastic products—and when we do use them, we should take care to properly throw them off or recycle.
A. The following is what we should do
B. And it’s not just wildlife that’s threatened
C. And this figure is likely to double by 2025
D. But it’s not just countries that need to do their part
E. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 1,000 pieces
F. That’s how much plastic waste ends up in our oceans every year
G. All of us have an important role to play in dealing with the problems
答案解析
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了一种可以用于探测的电子鼻。
1. B 推理判断题。第一段中，作者先介绍了狗的鼻子有很多用途，然后介绍科学家现在发明了可以做同样事情的电子鼻。由此可以推断，先提及狗是为了引出电子鼻的话题，故选B项。
2. D 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的 Earlier models，however，have been bulky and expensive…The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.可知，早期的电子鼻比较昂贵且“bulky”，新型的电子鼻则体积小巧，可放入手持设备内，新旧形成对比，由此猜测 bulky是“庞大”的意思，故选D项。complex意为“复杂的”，fragile意为“易碎的”，handy意为“方便的”。
3. D 主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了电子鼻可以同时检测到多种化合物极其轻微的气味，故选D项。
4. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs.”可知，斯蒂芬·泰勒认为电子鼻可以配合狗进行工作，故选A项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文属于议论文，介绍塑料垃圾问题越发严重，不但威胁野生动物，还影响人类自己，需要全世界通力合作来应对。
1. F 根据前一句 Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste-a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage.可知，塑料垃圾总共为190亿磅左右，F选项“这就是每年被丢到海洋里的塑料垃圾的数量”与前文呼应，故选F项。
2. C 根据后文 unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage（除非采取一些措施来减少垃圾）可知，C选项“预计到2025年，这个数字很可能会翻倍”与后文形成条件关系，切题，故选C项。
3. B 根据后文 a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat可知，越来越多的证据显示人类通过食用海产品也摄入了塑料，B选项 “不仅野生生物受到威胁”切题，故选B项。
4. G 根据本段后文 ten nations以及 Corporations可知，这个问题需要全世界共同合作，G选项“所有人都能够为解决此问题发挥重要作用”切题，故选G项。
5. D 根据下一句 Corporations also have a role，as do individuals.可知，企业和个人也能发挥作用，D选项 “不仅仅是国家需要尽到责任”引出下文，切题，故选D项。
长难句分析 Research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans，and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.
句式分析：本句为复合句，Research为主句的主语，suggests为主句的谓语，some plastics could be poisonous to humans…是省略了that的宾语从句。
句意：研究表明，一些塑料可能对人类有毒，并可能增加健康问题的风险。
2 / 2
刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：研究发明 词数：327 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
Dogs are our best friends. That’s especially true after a disaster，such as an earthquake. When buildings fall down，search-and-rescue dogs help find trapped people. Dogs’amazing noses can pick up the smell of survivors. Now scientists have developed electronic tool that does the same thing. It’s taking smell detection（探测）to a whole new level.
The new invention is a sort of electronic nose, which can detect extremely low levels of many compounds（化合物）from people’s skin. This isn’t the first time engineers have developed such an object. Earlier models，however，have been bulky and expensive. They could not detect low levels of target compounds either. The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.
The electronic nose can detect extremely slight smell of more than one compound at the same time.“Being able to do this，in such a small object，is the significant discovery，”says Sotiris E. Pratsinis，Professor of Process Engineering and Materials Science at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. His team tested it in special spaces. They were like the small spaces where people might be trapped. Chemicals given off by the volunteers built up inside. The electronic equipment detected those compounds at unbelievably low levels.
The results were good news for the research team. But they may be not for our four-legged friends，who could soon be out of a job.“Ideally，this technology could replace search-and-rescue dogs,”Pratsinis says.
Stephen Taylor, an electrical engineer, agrees that the new technology has some benefits over dogs. Still, he thinks it may be too soon to have our trusty friends retire. He suspects,“I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs.” Taylor also points out some potential limitations of the new invention.“E-noses are useful, but can be very likely to be affected by unstable readings and interruption,”he says.
1. Why does the author talk about dogs at the beginning
A. To catch the readers’ attention.
B. To introduce the topic about e-noses.
C. To show what search-and-rescue dogs do.
D. To add background information for discussion.
2. Which of the following best explains“bulky”underlined in Paragraph 2
A Complex. B. fragile. C. Handy. D. Large.
3. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about
A. What e-noses’ working principle is.
B. How e-noses are made.
C. What differences between dogs and e-noses are.
D. How powerful e-noses are.
4. What does Stephen Taylor mean？
A. Dogs and e-noses could work together.
B. Search-and-rescue dogs will retire soon.
C. E-noses are more reliable than noses of dogs.
D. Dogs are better at finding out trapped people.
刷7选5
体裁：议论文 题材：环境保护 词数：243 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
Imagine an area 34 times the size of Manhattan. Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste—a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage. 1
“We’re being overwhelmed（淹没）by our waste，”said Jenna Jambeck，an environmental engineer who led the 2015 study that determined this astonishing number. 2 , unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage.
Plastic—a widely-used material—has in many ways been a benefit to humans but it has also caused a growing problem. Today，plastics are the No.1 type of garbage found in the sea. Ocean Conservancy，a non-profit environmental advocacy group that organises an annual coastal cleanup event worldwide，said plastic waste makes up around 85 per cent of the garbage collected from beaches and oceans.
Oceans Conservancy says plastics are believed to threaten（威胁）at least 600 different wildlife species（物种）. 3 ；a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat. Research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans, and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.
4 . At the Economist World Ocean Summit this week, ten nations announced to reduce plastic sea litter as part of UN Environment’s Clean Seas campaign. 5 . Corporations also have a role, as do individuals. We can start by thinking twice before using single-use plastic products—and when we do use them, we should take care to properly throw them off or recycle.
A. The following is what we should do
B. And it’s not just wildlife that’s threatened
C. And this figure is likely to double by 2025
D. But it’s not just countries that need to do their part
E. By 2050, that figure is expected to rise to 1,000 pieces
F. That’s how much plastic waste ends up in our oceans every year
G. All of us have an important role to play in dealing with the problems
答案解析
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】这是一篇说明文，介绍了一种可以用于探测的电子鼻。
1. B 推理判断题。第一段中，作者先介绍了狗的鼻子有很多用途，然后介绍科学家现在发明了可以做同样事情的电子鼻。由此可以推断，先提及狗是为了引出电子鼻的话题，故选B项。
2. D 词义猜测题。根据第二段中的 Earlier models，however，have been bulky and expensive…The new one is inexpensive and small enough to fit inside hand-held equipment.可知，早期的电子鼻比较昂贵且“bulky”，新型的电子鼻则体积小巧，可放入手持设备内，新旧形成对比，由此猜测 bulky是“庞大”的意思，故选D项。complex意为“复杂的”，fragile意为“易碎的”，handy意为“方便的”。
3. D 主旨大意题。第三段主要介绍了电子鼻可以同时检测到多种化合物极其轻微的气味，故选D项。
4. A 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“I foresee that such an object could add to the fine work done by the dogs.”可知，斯蒂芬·泰勒认为电子鼻可以配合狗进行工作，故选A项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文属于议论文，介绍塑料垃圾问题越发严重，不但威胁野生动物，还影响人类自己，需要全世界通力合作来应对。
1. F 根据前一句 Now imagine it covered ankle-deep in plastic waste-a total of about 19 billion pounds of garbage.可知，塑料垃圾总共为190亿磅左右，F选项“这就是每年被丢到海洋里的塑料垃圾的数量”与前文呼应，故选F项。
2. C 根据后文 unless something is done to stop the tide of garbage（除非采取一些措施来减少垃圾）可知，C选项“预计到2025年，这个数字很可能会翻倍”与后文形成条件关系，切题，故选C项。
3. B 根据后文 a growing body of evidence suggests humans are consuming plastics through the seafood we eat可知，越来越多的证据显示人类通过食用海产品也摄入了塑料，B选项 “不仅野生生物受到威胁”切题，故选B项。
4. G 根据本段后文 ten nations以及 Corporations可知，这个问题需要全世界共同合作，G选项“所有人都能够为解决此问题发挥重要作用”切题，故选G项。
5. D 根据下一句 Corporations also have a role，as do individuals.可知，企业和个人也能发挥作用，D选项 “不仅仅是国家需要尽到责任”引出下文，切题，故选D项。
长难句分析 Research suggests some plastics could be poisonous to humans，and could potentially increase the risk of health problems.
句式分析：本句为复合句，Research为主句的主语，suggests为主句的谓语，some plastics could be poisonous to humans…是省略了that的宾语从句。
句意：研究表明，一些塑料可能对人类有毒，并可能增加健康问题的风险。
2 / 2