人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit2 Looking into the Future Learning About Language-Using Language 词汇语法专项训练（含答案
文档属性
| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit2 Looking into the Future Learning About Language-Using Language 词汇语法专项训练（含答案 |  | |
| 格式 | docx | ||
| 文件大小 | 22.2KB | ||
| 资源类型 | 教案 | ||
| 版本资源 | 人教版（2019） | ||
| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-11 12:13:42 | ||
图片预览
文档简介
Unit 2 Looking into the Future Learning About Language-Using Language词汇语法专项训练
一、Part I Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. In the ________ (absent) of clear goals, we are stuck in daily routine until we become slaves of it.
2. Some people always take seriously the ________ (predict) of the end of the world in the near future.
3. It’s high time that we placed great emphasis ________ the improvement of food safety.
4. WeChat is a great way to keep ________ touch with other people and quickly broadcast information about where you are and what you are doing.
5. ________ (oppose) to developing the nature reserve, the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their villages.
6. The watch is so beautiful and it happens to be 50 per cent off, so I can’t resist ________ (buy) it.
7. China will safeguard energy security by resource protection, ________ (advocate) green lifestyles and consumer culture.
8. We are confident that the environment ________ (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
9. Explorers who work on scientific research ________ (stand) at the Arctic Pole this time tomorrow.
10. Many companies make ________ a rule to send birthday e-cards to their customers.
二、刷语法填空
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：217 难度：中 建议用时：6分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traffic jams are a common problem in large cities. In some cities, traffic jams get so bad during rush hour that it is sometimes 1 (fast) to walk than to drive. Traffic accidents are also a problem. Sadly, these problems are not easy to solve. However, a traffic system being tested in several cities in Northern Europe has led to some surprising 2 (result).
The system 3 (call)“shared streets”. It is a system that has very few traffic laws. As a result, shared street areas have no traffic lights or street signs. Although most people would expect this to cause the number of traffic jams and accidents 4 (go ) up, until now 5 has been a great drop in both. One reason 6 (be) that the shared streets system encourages people to be more 7 (care). Without traffic rules, people slow down and pay more attention 8 each other. Normal traffic systems, on the other hand, depend on signs 9 people often miss or don’t follow, leading to accidents. Also, the shared streets system decreases traffic jams because without fixed parking spaces, it is easier for cars to move around 10 (free) when there is a lot of traffic.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
三、刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：科学研究与发现 词数：329 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[江苏南通2020高一期末]Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to predict lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometre radius.
Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries extremely powerful electric charge，it can be destructive and deadly. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason，climate scientists have long sought to develop methods of predicting lightning.
The system tested in the experiments used a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognise weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.
The model was created with the data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed unique machine learning algorithm(算法), which compared it to the records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning would happen.
The researchers tested the system several times. They found that the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time.“It can now be used anywhere,”the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.
The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection programme. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with the laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charge from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where crowds of people gather.
1. Why was the system developed？
A. To show the power of lightning.
B. To meet kids’ curiosity about lightning.
C. To protect people from lightning.
D. To keep track of deaths caused by lightning strikes.
2. What is special about the system
A. It adopted a different machine learning algorithm.
B. It used an effective method of collecting data.
C. It was based on a number of samples worldwide.
D. It required the low cost of predicting lightning.
3. What will the researchers do next with the laser technology
A. Generate electricity with lightning.
B. Transfer energy from lightning.
C. Monitor lightning activity.
D. Prevent the occurrence of lightning.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. A Theory of Employing Lightning
B. A Model of Creating Lightning
C. A System of Controlling Lightning
D. A Method of Forecasting Lightning
答案解析
刷单句填空
1. absence 句意为：由于缺乏明确的目标，我们被困在日常生活中，直到成为生活的奴隶。设空处作介词in的宾语且前有定冠词the限定，应用名词。故填 absence。
2. prediction 句意为：一些人总是把不久后是世界末日的预言当回事。设空处作take的宾语，其前有定冠词the限定，应用名词。故填prediction。
3. on 句意为：到了我们高度重视改善食品安全问题的时候了。place emphasis on意为“重视”，为固定搭配。故填on。
4. in 句意为：微信是一个与他人保持联系以及即时发布位置与动态的不错方式。keep in touch with为固定搭配，意为“与……保持联系”。
5. Opposed be opposed to为固定搭配，意为“反对……”，此处为形容词短语作状语，省去be动词，故填 Opposed。
6. buying can’t resist doing sth意为“忍不住做某事”，为固定搭配。故填 buying。
7. advocating 句意为：中国将通过资源保护来保障能源安全，倡导环保的生活方式和消费文化。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语形式，advocate与主语 China之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
8. will be improved 句意为：我们相信环境会在我们减少污染的进步努力下得到改善。设空处作从句的谓语动词，根据句中的further可知，此处指发生在将来的动作，应用一般将来时；improve与从句主语 the environment之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填will improved。
9. will be standing 句意为：从事科学研究的探险家们明天这个时候将站在北极。根据句中的时间状语 this time tomorrow可知，此处指将来某一时刻正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。故填 will be standing。
10. it make it a rule（to do sth）意为“定下规矩（做某事）”，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北欧几个城市正在试行的共享街道，它能够有效地缓解交通堵塞和减少交通事故。
1. faster 根据后面的than可知，此处用形容词比较级，故填 faster。
2. results result是可数名词，前有some修饰，应用可数名词复数，故填results。
3. is called 句意为：这个系统叫作“共享街道”。call是谓语动词，与主语 The system之间是被动关系，且全文讲的是共享街道当下的状况，时态应为一般现在时，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is called。
4. to go 句意为：虽然大多数人认为这会导致更严重的交通堵塞和交通事故数量的增加，但到目前为止，两者都有大幅度的降低。cause sb/sth to do sth表示“致使某人/某物做某事”，故填to go。
5. there 句意见上一题解析。此处为 there be句型的完成式，表示“已经有”，故填 there。
【易错警示】
There be句型是语法填空中最容易出错的考点。没有提示词时，我们常考虑介词、代词、连词等，而容易忽视特殊句型。语法填空中对There be句型的考查重点在于对句意的理解和句式结构的分析。
6. is 主语是 One reason，且为一般现在时，故填is。
7. careful 作表语应用形容词，故填 careful。
8. to 句意为：没有了交通规则，人们会放慢速度，更加注意彼此。pay attention to为固定搭配，意为“注意”，故填to。
9. which 句意为：另一方面，正常的交通系统依赖标志，人们经常注意不到或不遵守（标志），从而导致事故（的发生）。________ people often miss or don’t follow是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 signs，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故填 which。
10. freely 修饰动词短语 move around应用副词。free作副词意为“免费地；松脱地”；freely作副词意为“自由地；畅通地”。故填 freely。
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们研发出的种新系统，依靠这种新系统，人们可以预测闪电发生的时间与地点。
1. C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason，climate scientists have long sought to develop methods of predicting lightning.可知，每年有许多人被闪电击中身亡因此科学家们长期以来都在寻找预测闪电的方法，由此可知该系统的发明是为了保护人们，使人们避开闪电带来的危险。故选C项。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 The data…was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm可知，该系统使用了一个独一无二的机器学习算法，这是它的独特之处。故选A项。
3. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句 Scientists working on the project are experimenting with the laser technology that could someday control lightning activity，transferring lightning charge from clouds to the ground.可知，科学家们想利用激光技术将闪电中的电荷直接从云层传输到地面，故选B项。
4. D 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一种可以预测闪电的系统，它可以用来保护人们免受闪电的伤害，故选D项。
长难句分析 The data，related to four main surface conditions: air pressure，air temperature，relative humidity and wind speed，was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm，which compared it to the records of lightning strikes.
句式分析：The data was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm为句子的主干部分；related to four main surface conditions：air pressure，air temperature，relative humidity and wind speed为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 The data；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰 machine algorithm。
句意：这些与四种主要的地表条件（气压、气温、相对湿度和风速）有关的数据被录入一种独特的机器学习算法中，这种算法将已有数据与闪电发生时的数据记录进行比对。
2 / 2
一、Part I Vocabulary & Grammar
刷单句填空
在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. In the ________ (absent) of clear goals, we are stuck in daily routine until we become slaves of it.
2. Some people always take seriously the ________ (predict) of the end of the world in the near future.
3. It’s high time that we placed great emphasis ________ the improvement of food safety.
4. WeChat is a great way to keep ________ touch with other people and quickly broadcast information about where you are and what you are doing.
5. ________ (oppose) to developing the nature reserve, the local people prevented the construction workers from entering their villages.
6. The watch is so beautiful and it happens to be 50 per cent off, so I can’t resist ________ (buy) it.
7. China will safeguard energy security by resource protection, ________ (advocate) green lifestyles and consumer culture.
8. We are confident that the environment ________ (improve) by our further efforts to reduce pollution.
9. Explorers who work on scientific research ________ (stand) at the Arctic Pole this time tomorrow.
10. Many companies make ________ a rule to send birthday e-cards to their customers.
二、刷语法填空
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明 词数：217 难度：中 建议用时：6分钟
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Traffic jams are a common problem in large cities. In some cities, traffic jams get so bad during rush hour that it is sometimes 1 (fast) to walk than to drive. Traffic accidents are also a problem. Sadly, these problems are not easy to solve. However, a traffic system being tested in several cities in Northern Europe has led to some surprising 2 (result).
The system 3 (call)“shared streets”. It is a system that has very few traffic laws. As a result, shared street areas have no traffic lights or street signs. Although most people would expect this to cause the number of traffic jams and accidents 4 (go ) up, until now 5 has been a great drop in both. One reason 6 (be) that the shared streets system encourages people to be more 7 (care). Without traffic rules, people slow down and pay more attention 8 each other. Normal traffic systems, on the other hand, depend on signs 9 people often miss or don’t follow, leading to accidents. Also, the shared streets system decreases traffic jams because without fixed parking spaces, it is easier for cars to move around 10 (free) when there is a lot of traffic.
1. ________ 2. ________ 3. ________ 4. ________ 5. ________
6. ________ 7. ________ 8. ________ 9. ________ 10. ________
三、刷阅读理解
体裁：说明文 题材：科学研究与发现 词数：329 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
[江苏南通2020高一期末]Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to predict lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometre radius.
Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries extremely powerful electric charge，it can be destructive and deadly. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason，climate scientists have long sought to develop methods of predicting lightning.
The system tested in the experiments used a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognise weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.
The model was created with the data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity and wind speed, was placed unique machine learning algorithm(算法), which compared it to the records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning would happen.
The researchers tested the system several times. They found that the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time.“It can now be used anywhere,”the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.
The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection programme. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with the laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charge from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where crowds of people gather.
1. Why was the system developed？
A. To show the power of lightning.
B. To meet kids’ curiosity about lightning.
C. To protect people from lightning.
D. To keep track of deaths caused by lightning strikes.
2. What is special about the system
A. It adopted a different machine learning algorithm.
B. It used an effective method of collecting data.
C. It was based on a number of samples worldwide.
D. It required the low cost of predicting lightning.
3. What will the researchers do next with the laser technology
A. Generate electricity with lightning.
B. Transfer energy from lightning.
C. Monitor lightning activity.
D. Prevent the occurrence of lightning.
4. What can be a suitable title for the text
A. A Theory of Employing Lightning
B. A Model of Creating Lightning
C. A System of Controlling Lightning
D. A Method of Forecasting Lightning
答案解析
刷单句填空
1. absence 句意为：由于缺乏明确的目标，我们被困在日常生活中，直到成为生活的奴隶。设空处作介词in的宾语且前有定冠词the限定，应用名词。故填 absence。
2. prediction 句意为：一些人总是把不久后是世界末日的预言当回事。设空处作take的宾语，其前有定冠词the限定，应用名词。故填prediction。
3. on 句意为：到了我们高度重视改善食品安全问题的时候了。place emphasis on意为“重视”，为固定搭配。故填on。
4. in 句意为：微信是一个与他人保持联系以及即时发布位置与动态的不错方式。keep in touch with为固定搭配，意为“与……保持联系”。
5. Opposed be opposed to为固定搭配，意为“反对……”，此处为形容词短语作状语，省去be动词，故填 Opposed。
6. buying can’t resist doing sth意为“忍不住做某事”，为固定搭配。故填 buying。
7. advocating 句意为：中国将通过资源保护来保障能源安全，倡导环保的生活方式和消费文化。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用非谓语形式，advocate与主语 China之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。
8. will be improved 句意为：我们相信环境会在我们减少污染的进步努力下得到改善。设空处作从句的谓语动词，根据句中的further可知，此处指发生在将来的动作，应用一般将来时；improve与从句主语 the environment之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。故填will improved。
9. will be standing 句意为：从事科学研究的探险家们明天这个时候将站在北极。根据句中的时间状语 this time tomorrow可知，此处指将来某一时刻正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时。故填 will be standing。
10. it make it a rule（to do sth）意为“定下规矩（做某事）”，it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是动词不定式短语。
刷语法填空
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了北欧几个城市正在试行的共享街道，它能够有效地缓解交通堵塞和减少交通事故。
1. faster 根据后面的than可知，此处用形容词比较级，故填 faster。
2. results result是可数名词，前有some修饰，应用可数名词复数，故填results。
3. is called 句意为：这个系统叫作“共享街道”。call是谓语动词，与主语 The system之间是被动关系，且全文讲的是共享街道当下的状况，时态应为一般现在时，应该用一般现在时的被动语态，故填is called。
4. to go 句意为：虽然大多数人认为这会导致更严重的交通堵塞和交通事故数量的增加，但到目前为止，两者都有大幅度的降低。cause sb/sth to do sth表示“致使某人/某物做某事”，故填to go。
5. there 句意见上一题解析。此处为 there be句型的完成式，表示“已经有”，故填 there。
【易错警示】
There be句型是语法填空中最容易出错的考点。没有提示词时，我们常考虑介词、代词、连词等，而容易忽视特殊句型。语法填空中对There be句型的考查重点在于对句意的理解和句式结构的分析。
6. is 主语是 One reason，且为一般现在时，故填is。
7. careful 作表语应用形容词，故填 careful。
8. to 句意为：没有了交通规则，人们会放慢速度，更加注意彼此。pay attention to为固定搭配，意为“注意”，故填to。
9. which 句意为：另一方面，正常的交通系统依赖标志，人们经常注意不到或不遵守（标志），从而导致事故（的发生）。________ people often miss or don’t follow是非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 signs，指物，关系词在从句中作宾语，故填 which。
10. freely 修饰动词短语 move around应用副词。free作副词意为“免费地；松脱地”；freely作副词意为“自由地；畅通地”。故填 freely。
刷阅读理解
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了科学家们研发出的种新系统，依靠这种新系统，人们可以预测闪电发生的时间与地点。
1. C 推理判断题。根据第二段中的 European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason，climate scientists have long sought to develop methods of predicting lightning.可知，每年有许多人被闪电击中身亡因此科学家们长期以来都在寻找预测闪电的方法，由此可知该系统的发明是为了保护人们，使人们避开闪电带来的危险。故选C项。
2. A 细节理解题。根据第四段中的 The data…was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm可知，该系统使用了一个独一无二的机器学习算法，这是它的独特之处。故选A项。
3. B 细节理解题。根据最后一段第三句 Scientists working on the project are experimenting with the laser technology that could someday control lightning activity，transferring lightning charge from clouds to the ground.可知，科学家们想利用激光技术将闪电中的电荷直接从云层传输到地面，故选B项。
4. D 主旨大意题。本文主要介绍了一种可以预测闪电的系统，它可以用来保护人们免受闪电的伤害，故选D项。
长难句分析 The data，related to four main surface conditions: air pressure，air temperature，relative humidity and wind speed，was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm，which compared it to the records of lightning strikes.
句式分析：The data was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm为句子的主干部分；related to four main surface conditions：air pressure，air temperature，relative humidity and wind speed为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰 The data；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰 machine algorithm。
句意：这些与四种主要的地表条件（气压、气温、相对湿度和风速）有关的数据被录入一种独特的机器学习算法中，这种算法将已有数据与闪电发生时的数据记录进行比对。
2 / 2