人教版（2019）选择性必修第一册 Unit4 Body Language 学案知识总结

Unit4 知识总结
一、重点单词
1. interact v.互动；交流；交往；相互作用，相互影响→_________ n.交流；相互影响
①与……相互交流/影响 ___________________
②在…和……之间的互动 ___________________
③与……相互作用 ___________________
④通过互联网，你就不需要和人进行面对面的互动。
With the Internet, __________________________________________.
2. vary v.（根据情况）变化；改变→ _________n.变化；多样化；多样性→___________ adj.各种各样的
①随…而变化 _____________
②从……到……不等；在……到……之间变化 ________________
③在……之间变化/更迭/交替 ________________
④许多的；大量的 _____________
⑤由于种种原因 _______________
⑥樱桃的颜色由近乎黑到黄各不相同。
Cherries _____________________________________.
3. appropriate adj.合适的；恰当的
①适用于；合乎 ________________
②对某人来说做某事是合适的。______________________
③某人做某事是合适的。__________________
④用一个合适的名称来保存这个项目。
Save the project _________________________________________.
4. approve vt.赞成；同意v批准；通过→ _________n.赞成
①批准/通过某事 ______________________
②赞同/同意（某人）做某事 __________________
③未经……许可 _______________
④不论你赞成与否，这是一个敢作敢为的时代。
_________________, this has been an era of bold movement.
5. employ vi使用；应用；雇用→ ________ n.雇主→________n.雇员→ _______n.工作；雇用；就业
①雇用某人担任……________________
②雇用某人做某事 _______________
③从事/忙于做某事 ______________
④采用新方法 ______________
⑤ The state of _______ （employ）in this city is improving.
6. favour vt.较喜欢；选择；有利于 n.帮助；恩惠；赞同→_______ adj.赞同的；有利的→ _______ adj.最喜欢的 n.心爱的人/物
①支持，赞同 ____________
②求某人帮一个忙 _____________
③帮某人一个忙 _______________
④欠某人一个人情 _________________
⑤The old blind man asked me to do him a _______ （favour）and find his _______（favour）book.
7. slight adj.轻微的；略微的；细小的→ slightly adv.略微；稍微
①机会渺小 ______________
②丝毫不，一点儿也不 _________________
③1月份的销售额稍高于平均数。
January's sales __________________________________.
8. assessment n.评价；评定→________ vt.评估；评价
①对……做出评估 _______________
②评估，评定（性质、质量）___________________
③估价为1000元 _________________
④您需要评估所有项目的风险来决定项目是否在可接受的风险范围之内。
You need to make an __________（assess）of all project risks to determine if the projects are acceptable.
9. reveal vt.揭示；显示；露出
①向某人透露某事 ______________
②泄露一条秘密 _________________
③______________（据透露）important evidence had been found out.
10. occupy v.占据；占用→_______ n.工作；职业；占领→_______ adj.已占用的；忙于……的
①忙于（做）某事 ______________
②全职工作 ______________
③景色太漂亮了，我每天都忙着把这些美丽的景色拍摄下来。
The scenery was so beautiful _________________________________________.
11.distinguish vi.&vt.区分；辨别→ ________ adj.卓越的；著名的
①区分A与B _____________
②显扬自己；使自己扬名；表现突出 _______________
③因……而著称 ______________
④作为……而著名 _________________
⑤这是展示自我的好机会。
This ____________________________________.
12. anxiety n.焦虑；担心；害怕→ _________adj.忧虑的，担心的；（非正式）渴望的→___________adv.焦虑地；急切地
①为……担心 ______________
②渴望得到某物 ___________________
③渴望做某事，急于做某事 ____________________
④焦虑地 _____________________
⑤Exercise is a proven way to treat _______（anxious）and depression.
13.________ vt.使尴尬→ embarrassed adj.难堪的；尴尬的→_______ adj.令人尴尬的；令人难堪的→_______ n.尴尬
①因……而感到尴尬/窘迫 ______________
②尴尬/窘迫地做某事 ___________________
③尴尬的事件 ____________________
④使某人尴尬的是 ______________________
⑤那么多双眼睛都盯着她看，这使李梅很尴尬。
Many eyes were staring at her，________________________________________.
14. ashamed ad羞愧；惭愧→_______ n.羞愧，羞耻，惭愧；让人遗憾的事→________adj.可耻的，丢脸的→ ______adj.无耻的，不知羞耻的
①为……感到羞耻/惭愧 ________________
②因惭愧而不情愿做某事，因尴尬而勉强做某事 _____________________________
③可耻的行为 ________________
④让某人感到惭愧的是 ______________________
⑤真遗憾！_____________________
15. adjust调整；调节vi.&vt.适应;（使）习惯→_______ n.调整，调节→______ adj.可调整的，可调节的
①习惯（做）某事 _____________
②使自己适应某事 __________________
③定期调节刹车装置 _____________________
④作出调整 _______________
⑤可调节的座椅安全带 _________________
⑥我们都保持乐观，做好调整适应这一状况。
We all kept optimistic and _____________________________.
16. react vi.（对……）起反应；回应；（对食物等）有不良反应→ reaction n.反应
①对……作出反应；回应 ___________________
②反对，反抗 ________________
③对某事的反应 __________________
④对……作出的反应 _____________________
答案：1. interaction ① interact with ② interaction between.
and... ③ interaction with sb./sth. you don't have to interact with people face to face
2. variety；various ① vary with ② vary from…to…
③ vary between…and... ④ a variety of= varieties of
⑤for various reasons ⑥ vary in colour from almost black to yellow
3. ①be appropriate to/for ② It is appropriate for sb.to do sth. ③ It is appropriate that sb.（should）do sth. ④ with an appropriate name
4. approval ①approve sth. ② approve of（sb）doing sth. ③ without the approval of ④Whether you approve of it or not
5. employer；employee；employment ①employ sb.as… ② employ sb.to do sth. ③ be employed in doing sth./employ oneself in doing sth. ④employ new methods employment
6.favourable；favourite ①in favour of ② ask a favour of sb. ③ do sb. a favour/do. as a favour to sb. ④ owe sb. a favour ⑤ favour, favourite
7. ① a slight chance ② not in the slightest ③ were slightly better than average
8. assess ①make an assessment of ② assess sb. /sth.(as sth.) ③ be assessed at1,000ywan ④ assessment
9. ① reveal sth. to sb. ② reveal a secret③ It was revealed that
10. occupation; occupied ①occupy oneself in(doing sth. /occupy oneself with sth. /be occupied(in) doing sth. /be occupied with sth. ② a full-time occupation ③ that every day I was occupied(in) taking photos of it
11. distinguished ①distinguish A from B/distinguish(between) A and B
② distinguish oneself ③ be distinguished for ④distinguished as ⑤is a good chance to distinguish myself
12. anxious; anxiously ①be anxious about sth. /for sb. ② be anxious for sth.
③ be anxious to do sth. ④with anxiety ⑤ anxiety
13. embarrass; embarrassing; embarrassment ①be/feel embarrassed about/at② be embarrassed to do sth. ③an embarrassing incident ④ to one's embarrassment ⑤which made Li Mei very embarrassed
14. shame; shameful; shameless ①be ashamed of ② be ashamed to do sth.③ shameful behavior ④ to one' s shame ⑤ What a shame!
15. adjustment; adjustable ①adjust to (doing ) sth. ② adjust oneself to sth. ③ adjust the brakes regularly ④make adjustments ⑤ adjustable seat belts
⑥made good adjustments to the situation
16. ① react to② react against③ reaction to sth. ④ in reaction to
二、重点短语
1. by contrast相比之下
①与此相反；比较起来 ________________
②与…相比 _____________
③使……与…形成对比 _____________
2. by comparison（与……）相比较
①相比之下，比较起来 ________________
②作对比 _____________
③把……与…比较 _______________
④不能和…相比 ______________
⑤把……比作… ______________
⑥与其他自然变化相比，地球的温度正在迅速上升。
_________（compare）to other natural changes，the temperature of the earth is rising rapidly.
3. make inferences推理；推断
①由…推断出 _____________
②根据推论 ___________
③根据这些统计资料可以推断出很多事情。
______________________________________________
4. break down（车）出故障，（物质）分解，（计划）失败，（组织）瓦解，（人）非常悲伤，（身体）垮掉，（和谈）中断
①电话系统失灵了/汽车出故障了。________________
②分解塑料 _____________________
③他下载了很多程序到电脑上，以至于他的电脑死机了。
He had downloaded so many programs onto his computer __________________________.
5. straighten up直起来；整理；收拾整齐
①解决（问题）；整顿（混乱情况）；（使）改好，（使）变好 ________________
②他站起身，挺直肩膀。
He __________________________________________________________.
6. in other words换句话说；也就是说
①无法用言语表达 _____________________
②总之，简言之 ______________________
③食言 _____________________
④信守诺言 ____________________
⑤收回前言 _______________________
⑥逐字地，一字不差地 _______________________
⑦换句话说，逐字翻译是不被鼓励的。
______________, ______________ translation is not encouraged.
7. call on（短暂地）访问；要求（某人讲话等）；正式邀请
①拜访一些朋友 ________________
②号召学生运动 ____________________
③使回想起 _________________
④需要努力工作 _________________
⑤找来医生 _________________
⑥我要去看望我的一位老同学。
I'm going to _________________________________.
8. at work有某种影响；在工作
①与……交战 ___________________
②处于和平状态 __________________
③在吃饭 _____________________
④在做礼拜 ____________________
⑤在上学 __________________
⑥在航海；茫然 _______________________
⑦想象一下你正在工作，别人办公室里的电话正在响。你接不接？
_____________ and the phone is ringing in someone else's office. Do you answer it or not？
答案：1. ① in contrast ② contrast with ③ contrast…with…
2. by comparison（with sth.）/in comparison（with/to sth.）② make a comparison
③ compare…with… ④can't compare with ⑤ compare...to… ⑥ Compared
3. ①draw/make an inference from ② by inference ③ A lot can be inferred from these statistics
4. ①The telephone system/car broke down ② break down plastics ③ that it broke down
5. ① straighten out ②stood up and straightened up his shoulders
6. ① beyond words ② in a word ③ break one's word ④ keep one's word ⑤ eat one's words ⑥ word for word ⑦In other words, word for word
7. ①call on/upon some friends ② call on/upon students to exercise ③ call up memories④ call for hard work ⑤ call in a doctor ⑥ call on one of my former classmates
8. ① at war with ② at peace ③ at table ④ at church at school ⑥ at sea ⑦ Imagine you are at work
三、重点句式
1. There is nothing better than…没有比……更好的了。
教材原句
①当我们感到沮丧或孤单时，最美好的事情莫过于看到好友的笑脸。
And if we are feeling down or lonely, __________________________________.
句式仿写
②在他看来，没有什么比他的炒饭、羊肉串和肥美的猪肉更好的了。
In his opinion, ___________________ his fried rice, mutton kebabs and fatty pork.
2. It is obvious that..很明显……
教材原句
①很明显，我们的思想可以影响我们的身体。
______________________________________________________________
句式仿写
②很明显，这个女孩一向爱说谎。
_______________________ it is typical of the girl to tell lies.
3. have sth. done
教材原句
①所以，如果一名学生低头看手表，这就表明他觉得无聊，数着时间，只盼早点儿下课。
So if a student _______________________, It implies he is bored and just counting the minutes for the class to end.
句式仿写
②在开车进城前，你必须把车洗一洗。
Before driving into the city，you are required to _____________________________.
句式拓展
③他不能让汤姆哄骗人们却不受惩罚！
He ____________________________________________________________!
4. 部分否定
教材原句
①当然，不是所有抬着头的学生都在认真听课。
Of course, ______________________________________________!
句式仿写
②（谚）闪光的未必都是金子
5. It is as though…
教材原句
①好像睁着眼睛在睡觉。
____________________________________________________________.
句式仿写
②看上去好像全错了。
____________________________________________________________.
答案： 1. ①there is nothing better than seeing the smiling face of a good friend
② nothing could be better than
2. ①It is obvious that our minds can influence our bodies.
② It is obvious that
3. ①has his head lowered to look at his watch
② have your car washed
③ could not have Tom getting away with telling people lies
4. ① not everyone who looks up is paying attention in class
② All that glitters is not gold.
5. ① It is as though they are asleep with their eyes open.
② It seemed as if/though everything was wrong.
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