【好题精选】词汇运用-2023年中考英语专题疯狂练（第一期）（青海省）（含解析）

【好题精选】词汇运用-2023年中考英语专题疯狂练（第一期）（青海省）
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、短文选词填空
用方框中所给词语的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
first he think take happier
Mr. Brown was a writer. He wrote many books, and he ____1____ they were quite good. He lived in the city. ____2____ morning, he went to a small town near the city to visit a friend. He ____3____ the bus there. When he got to the town, he saw a bookshop not far from the bus stop. As it was early, he decided to go in and have a look. There were many books in the shop. He was very ____4____ that all the books in the shop were written by him. “Where are the other writers’ books ” He asked the man in the shop. The man looked up at ____5____ and answered, “Oh, they are all sold out.”
每空一词，限用一次；有三处请用括号内词的正确形式填空。
Do parent well they
Take Our Kids to Work DayApril 27th is a special day in Britain. It’s ___6___ (call) Take Our Kids to Work Day. It is an ____7____ (America) custom at first and it was brought to Britain in 1994. On that day, thousands of children take a day off school and go with one of their ___8___ to their work places. By ____9____ this, it can teach children more about the society where they live.
Now the kids can have a close look at what their fathers or mothers are doing. This may help ___10___ to be calmer when they have to choose a job. Mary experienced a day of work at her ____11____ (mother) office. This helped her understand the work ___12___ than before. She said that this made her feel more confident about her future.
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
improve laugh serious discovery by
There is an English saying: “Laughter(笑) is the best medicine.” Until recently, few people took the saying ____13____. Now however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. It can decrease(降低) people’s blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing. It also works the stomach and even the feet. So laughter exercises the body and ____14____ people’s health. As a result of these ____15____, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics(诊所), in which they help to improve their patients’ condition ____16____ encouraging them to laugh. They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like ____17____, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.
每空一词，限用一次；有三处请用括号内词的正确形式填空。
real he a know
On Saturday morning, every boy in town was happy except Tom Sawyer. He had to paint the fence（篱笆）because he had made ____18____ (any) mistakes. He sat down ____19____ (sad) and began to think of all the fun he had planned for the day. He ____20____ that the painting would take up all afternoon. Even worse, other boys would pass by and laugh at ____21____. He ____22____ couldn’t stand that. Just then, Ben Rogers came along the road with an apple in his hand. Tom had ____23____ idea. He picked up all the ____24____ (brush) and went back to work.From The Adventures of Tom Sawyer
用方框中所给词的适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。
many one real help hand
Like many kids, Alan is a fan of science. But this 14-year-old eighth-grader used his science skills ____25____ others. He created three prosthetic (假体的) ____26____ using a 3D printer during his after-school program. He designed the ____27____ hand for practice. The second one was designed for a 6-year-old boy, and the third was made for a disabled teacher at his bining his love of science and his willingness to help others，Alan plans to make one ____28____ hand before the year ends. He ____29____ wants to do something good and helps more people.
open during final hour walk
Not all sleep is the same every night. We experience some deep, quiet sleep and some active sleep when dreams happen. You might think sleepwalking would happen _____30_____ active sleep, but a person isn’t physically active then. Sleepwalking usually happens in the first few _____31_____ of sleep in the period called deep sleep.Not all sleepwalkers really _____32_____. Some only sit up or stand in bed or act like they’re awake, but in fact they are asleep! However, most of them get up and move around for a few seconds or even half an hour. Sleepwalkers’ eyes are _____33_____, but they can’t see anything. Sleepwalkers will go back to bed on their own _____34_____ and they won’t remember it in the next morning.
阅读短文，从下面方框中选择正确的单词,并用其适当形式完成下面的短文。
happy hand follow love one think fill
This summer, my family and my aunt’s family went to National Parks in Canada. We spent most of the time hiking(徒步).One day we hiked to a popular hiking way in Canada, Everything is beautiful. My cousin and I saw lots of ___35___animals like squirrels(松鼠) and chipmunks(花栗鼠). Surprisingly we saw a chipmunk with dirty hands. His hands were __36__of berry juice! My cousin and I named it Jairo. We ____37____that Jairo was a very clever chipmunk. He ___38___ us the whole time. My cousin said, “Do you want to shake ____39____with him ” So I held out my hand. I could not believe it when he touched my hand! It was the ____40____time in my life I had touched a wild animal. I did it! What an exciting moment!
At that moment, I believed that animals could be friends. People and animals should live together ____41____.
one, shake, complete, able, man, silently, read
One day Gary went to see a wise old man. He wanted to know why he was ____42____ to reach all of his goals in his life.He found the old man ____43____ in a small house by the river. With a smile, the wise man listened and told him, “Please go and help me boil a kettel(壶)of water now.” Gary saw a big kettle and went out to get some wood. But because the kettle was too large, the water did not boil when the wood burned up. So he ran off to get more.
When he returned, the water had turned cold ____44____. This time he learned his lesson and prepared enough wood ahead. Then the water boiled very quickly.
“If there is not enough wood, how will you boil the water ’’ the wise man asked. Gary thought for a while but didn’t know the answer, so he ____45____ his head.
“Well, then just pour out some water from the kettle!” the old man said. Gary nodded in ____46____.
“At ____47____, you had so many dreams and set too many goals,’’ said the old man. “It’s just like the large kettle full of water but you didn’t have enough wood. What will happen if you pour out some water ”
At this moment, Gary understood the wise ____48____ idea totally.
you, happen, word, importance, please
If you want to get the most out of the study of a language, you must also read for ___49___: novels, plays, travel books, and so on. And in reading books of this kind, the ___50___ thing is to get on with the reading, to try to grasp(领会) what the writer is going to tell you in the book as a whole. This is impossible if you stop and think over the meaning of every single word which ___51___ to be unfamiliar. You cannot enjoy a story if you stop lots of times on every page for looking up ___52___ in the dictionary. You may even prevent ___53___ from understanding the story as a whole by doing this.
make useless many recycle
You have ____54____ (probable) never heard of Amy Hayes, but she is a most unusual woman. She never throws away things we don’t need any ____55____ . She has always thought about how these things can be ____56____ (put) to good use. She thinks that nothing is a waste. The windows and doors of her house come from old ____57____ (building) around her town that were pulled down. The top of her house is an old boat turned upside down. And the gate is ____58____ of rocks and old glass bottles. Amy isn’t the only one who is good at ____59____ . Jessica Wong uses old clothes to make bags. She has been doing this for a few years. Her bags are cute and ____60____ .
综合填空每词限用一次，每空一词。
Careful one dry light happy tradition ton
Each different part of China has its own special forms of ______61______art. These usually try to show something important in life, such as love, beauty and family.According to Chinese history, sky lanterns were ____62____used by Zhuge Kongming. He sent them out to ask for help when in danger. When the lanterns are ____63____, they slowly rise into the air. They are seen as symbols of ____64____and good wishes.
Chinese clay art is also very famous and it has gotten ____65____of attention because the clay pieces are so small but they look real. The pieces are ____66____shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay. After ____67____, they are fired, polished and painted. They show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty.
参考答案：
1．thought 2．One 3．took 4．happy 5．him
【导语】本文主要讲述了作家布朗先生以为自己的书很受欢迎，但是有一天，他去一个小镇，发现书店里其他作家的书已经卖光了，只剩下他自己的书。
1．句意：他写了很多书，他认为它们很好。根据“they were quite good”以及所给词可知他认为它们很好，think“认为”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填thought。
2．句意：一天早上，他去城市附近的一个小镇看望一位朋友。根据“morning”可知是一天早上，one morning“一天早上”。故填One。
3．句意：他乘公共汽车去那里。根据“the bus...”可知是乘坐公交车，take the bus“乘公交车”，句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填took。
4．句意：他很高兴店里所有的书都是他写的。根据“all the books in the shop were written by him.”以及所给词可知，他看到书店里的书都是他写的，所以他很开心，此处作be动词的表语用形容词，且无比较之意，故此处用形容词的原级happy“开心的”。故填happy。
5．句意：那人抬头看着他，回答道。根据“looked up at...”可知是抬头看他，作介词的宾语用代词宾格him“他”。故填him。
6．called 7．American 8．parents 9．doing 10．them 11．mother’s 12．better
【导语】本文主要介绍了带孩子上班日的活动内容及该节日对孩子的意义。
6．句意：它被称为带孩子上班日。主语“It”和谓语动词是动宾关系，所以用被动语态，被动语态结构为“主语+be+动词的过去分词”，所以此处填call的过去分词called，故填called。
7．句意：起初它是美国的习俗，在1994年传入英国。名词“custom”前用形容词修饰，此处用American作定语，故填American。
8．句意：在那一天，数千个孩子不去上学，和父母之一去他们的工作地。根据第二段“Now the kids can have a close look at what their fathers or mothers are doing”可知此处指的是孩子们的父母亲，parent父亲或者母亲，父母亲为“parents”，故填parents。
9．句意：通过这样做，关于生活的社会能教给孩子们更多。 “this”指代上文带孩子们去工作地这件事，根据“it can teach children more about the society where they live”可知此处指通过做上文的事情，do“做”，by doing sth.意为“通过做某事”，故填doing。
10．句意：这有助于们他们在选择工作时更冷静。动词后面用人称代词的宾格形式，根据上文“Now the kids can have a close look at what their fathers or mothers are doing”可知此处指代“the kids”，所以用they的宾格形式them，故填them。
11．句意：玛丽在妈妈的办公室经历了一天的工作。根据空格后面的名词“office”可知此处填写名词所有格，mother的名词所有格为mother’s，故填mother’s。
12．句意：这有助于她比以前更好得理解这份工作。根据“than before”及空格前的动词可知此处填写副词比较级；根据上文玛丽在妈妈的办公室经历了一天的工作，可知这有助于她更好得理解这份工作，well“好得”，比较级为better，故填better。
13．seriously 14．improves 15．discoveries 16．by 17．laughing
【导语】本文主要通过研究发现笑能锻炼身体，改善人们的健康。
13．句意：直到最近，很少有人认真对待这句话。认真对待：take sth seriously，结合句意，形容词“严肃的”serious变形为副词“严肃地”seriously符合语境，副词修饰动词take。故填seriously。
14．句意：所以笑可以锻炼身体，改善人们的健康。根据“laughter exercises the body and”可知空处为动词，和动词exercises并列，形式需保持一致，exercises为exercise的单三形式。结合句意动词“改善，提高”improve符合语境，improve单三为improves。故填improves。
15．句意：由于这些发现，美国的一些医生现在开设了笑声诊所，通过鼓励病人笑来帮助改善他们的病情。根据句意，these后加名词复数，名词“发现”discovery符合语境，discovery复数为discoveries。故填discoveries。
16．句意：由于这些发现，美国的一些医生现在开设了笑声诊所，通过鼓励病人笑来帮助改善他们的病情。根据“encouraging them to laugh”可知，此处表示通过鼓励病人笑这种方式，“通过某种方式”用by+动名词。故填by。
17．句意：他们发现，即使他们的患者真的不喜欢大笑，让他们微笑也足以产生与笑声相似的有益效果。喜欢做某事：feel like doing，结合句意，“笑”laugh符合语境，laugh动名词形式为laughing。故填laughing。
18．some 19．sadly 20．knew 21．him 22．really 23．an 24．brushes
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。这篇节选自《汤姆索亚历险记》主要讲述的是Tom在一个周六上午不得不去油刷篱笆的事情。
18．句意：他得去油刷篱笆，因为他犯了错误。该句为陈述句，mistakes为复数名词，应用some来修饰而不用any。故填some。
19．句意：他伤心地坐下来，开始想起他为这一天计划的所有好玩的事情。sat为实义动词，应有副词来修饰。形容词sad的副词为sadly。故填sadly。
20．句意：他知道油刷这件事会占用整个下午的时间。本文讲述故事，因此句子应用一般过去时，此处应填入一个谓语动词。备选词汇know“知道”符合语境，其过去式为knew。故填knew。
21．句意：更糟糕的是，其他男孩会经过他，并且嘲笑他。laugh at sb表示“嘲笑某人”，此处应填人称代词的宾格。备选词汇he“他”的宾格him符合语境。故填him。
22．句意：他真的受不了那样。stand为实义动词，应用副词修饰。备选词汇real“真的”的副词really符合语境。故填really。
23．句意：Tom想到了一个主意。idea为单数名词，其前应用不定冠词限定。备选词汇a符合语境。因idea为元音音素开头的单词，应用不定冠词an。故填an。
24．句意：他捡起了所有的刷子，回去继续工作。brush为可数名词，all后接可数名词的复数形式，brush的复数形式为brushes。故填brushes。
25．to help 26．hands 27．first 28．more 29．really
【分析】本文讲述了一位14岁的孩子用自己的科学技术帮助他人的故事。
25．句意：但是这个14岁的八年级学生用他的科学技能来帮助别人。根据“used his science skills…others”及“his willingness to help others”，可知，用这些技能帮助其他人，use sth to do sth“用某物做某事”，故填to help。
26．句意：在他的课余项目中，他用3D打印机制作了三个假肢手。根据“hand”可知，是制作了三个假肢手，three修饰复数名词，故填hands。
27．句意：他设计了用于练习的第一只手。根据“He created three prosthetic hands…”及“The second one”“the third”可知，此处介绍第一只手的作用，故填first。
28．句意：艾伦计划在年底前再做一只手。根据“ one… hand”及备选词，可知，此处用基数词+more+单数名词，表示“再……，又……”，故填more。
29．句意：他真的想做一些好事，帮助更多的人。此句不缺少任何结构，应填副词作状语。备选词real的副词really“真的”符合，故填really。
30．during 31．hours 32．walk 33．open 34．finally
【分析】本文主要介绍梦游。梦游通常发生在所谓的深度睡眠期的最初几小时。梦游者的眼睛是睁开的，但是他们看不见任何东西。
30．句意：你可能认为梦游会发生在积极的睡眠中，但一个人没有身体活动。根据空格后面的“active sleep”可知，选择during“在……期间”；此处是指在活动性睡眠期间你可能认为梦游将会发生。故填during。
31．句意：梦游通常发生在睡眠的最初几个小时，这段时间被称为深度睡眠。根据句子提到的 “in the period called deep sleep.”可知，选择hour“小时”；是指梦游通常发生在深度睡眠的最初几个小时。此处需用复数。故填hours。
32．句意：并不是所有梦游者都能走路。根据“Some only sit up or stand in bed or act like they’re awake, but in fact they are asleep!”可知，选择walk“走路”；由语境可知，此处是一般现在时，主语是复数，此处需用动词原形。故填walk。
33．句意：梦游者的眼睛是睁着的，但他们什么也看不见。根据“but they can’t see anything.”可知，选择open “睁着的”，是指梦游者的眼睛是睁着的。故填open。
34．句意：梦游者最终会自己回到床上，第二天早上就不记得了。根据“they won’t remember it in the next morning.”可知，选择final“最终的”；结合语境和句子结构可知，此处需用副词。故填finally。
35．lovely 36．full 37．thought 38．followed 39．hands 40．first 41．happily
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了今年夏天我们一家和姑姑一家在加拿大国家公园徒步旅行时的见闻。
35．句意：我和表妹看见了许多可爱的动物，比如松鼠和花栗鼠。根据空格后的名词“animals”，可知此空应该用一个形容词修饰这个名词。再根据后文“like squirrels(松鼠) and chipmunks”，像松鼠和花栗鼠,由此用love的形容词形式是 lovely符合语境。故填lovely。
36．句意：他的手满是浆果汁！根据系动词“were”，可知空处用形容词作表语。固定短语be full of意为“满是……的”，因此要将动词 fill转化为形容词 full。故填full。
37．句意：我们认为Jairo是一只非常聪明的花栗鼠。根据宾语从句“that Jairo was a very clever chipmunk.”，可知是一种判断，所以此处选用think。因本文讲述的是过去的经历，本句应用一般过去时态，think的过去式是thought。故填thought。
38．句意：他一直跟着我们。根据下文“So I held out my hand. I could not believe it when he touched my hand!”可知，花栗鼠和我握手了，由此推断是一直跟着我们的，结合单词选项,应用follow；因本文讲述的是过去的经历，本句应用一般过去时态，follow的过去式是followed。故填followed。
39．句意：你想和他握手吗？由下文“So I held out my hand. I could not believe it when he touched my hand!”可知，花栗鼠和我握手了，由此推断这里说的是“你想与它握手吗？”固定搭配shake hands意为“握手”。所以用名词hand的复数形式，故填hands。
40．句意：这是我一生中第一次接触野生动物。根据下文“I did it. What an exciting moment!”可知，作者与花栗鼠握手后激动的心情溢于言表，因为推断这是作者第一次与野生动物握手。所以此处应填序数词first。故填first。
41．句意：人类和动物应该快乐共处。根据上文“I believed that animals could be friends.”可知，我相信动物可以成为人类的朋友，人类和动物应该快乐共处。分析题干，此处应用副词修饰动词短语“live together”；结合单词选项，应用“happy”的副词形式happily。故填happily。
42．unable 43．reading 44．completely 45．shook 46．silence 47．first 48．man’s
【分析】本文是一个小故事。加里有很多目标，一直不能实现，他向智者询问一下原因。智者通过让他煮水的故事，告诉他，就像一个装满水的大水壶，但是你没有足够的木头，你怎么能煮开水呢。你有太多的梦想，设定了太多的目标，但是你没有足够的时间和能力去实现这些目标。
42．句意：他想知道为什么他不能实现他生活中的所有目标。根据上文“One day Gary went to see a wise old man.”结合所给词语可知，Gary想知道为什么他不能实现他的目标；be able to do sth.能够做某事，be unable to do sth.不能做某事；故填unable。
43．句意：他发现有个老人在河边的一所小房子里看书。短语find sb. doing sth.发现某人在做某事；根据下文“With a smile, the wise man…”和所给词语可知，他是个智者，正在看书，故填reading。
44．句意：当他回来时，水已经完全变冷了。空格处修饰动词turned可知使用副词；根据上文“But because the kettle was too large, the water did not boil when the wood burned up….”可知，当他去取木头时，水完全变冷了。complete完全的，彻底的，形容词，其副词形式是completely（彻底地，完全地），故填completely。
45．句意：Gary想了一会儿，但不知道答案，于是摇了摇头。本句是so连接的并列句，前句时态为一般过去时，可知此句时态为一般过去时；根据上文“Gary thought for a while but didn’t know the answer,”可知，Gary不知道答案，摇了摇头，shake摇，其过去式是shook；故填shook。
46．句意：Gary默默地点了点头。根据介词“in”可知，空格处使用名词；silently默默地，副词，其名称是silence， in silence=silently；故填silence。
47．句意：开始，你有太多的梦想，设定了太多的目标。短语at first开始，起初，固定词组，故填first。
48．句意：这时，Gary完全明白了智者的想法。空格处修饰名词，可知使用名词所有格，the wise man’s idea智者的想法，故填man’s。
49．pleasure 50．important 51．happens 52．words 53．yourself
【分析】文章介绍了读小说的时候，要以快为主，不要遇到不认识的单词就查词典，要猜测它在文章里的意思。
49．句意：如果你想从语言学习中获得最大的收获，你也必须为了快乐而阅读。根据“You cannot enjoy a story if you stop lots of times...”可知，这里说的是为了乐趣而阅读，for是介词，此处应用名词，故填pleasure。
50．句意：在阅读这类书籍时，最重要的是继续阅读，试着从整体上把握作者将要告诉你的东西。空格修饰其后的名词thing，结合“get on with the reading, to try to grasp(领会) what the writer is going to tell you in the book as a whole”可知，此处指的是“重要的”，故填important。
51．句意：如果你停下来仔细想想每一个不熟悉的单词的意思，这是不可能的。根据“you stop and think over the meaning of every single word which...to be unfamiliar”及备选词汇可知，此处指的是“遇到不熟悉的单词”，此处应用动词happen，主语是单数名词word，动词应用三单形式，故填happens。
52．句意：如果你在每一页上花很多时间在字典里查单词，你就不会喜欢一个故事。根据“looking up...in the dictionary”以及备选词汇可知，此处指的是查询单词，word“单词”，此处应用复数形式表示泛指，故填words。
53．句意：你甚至可能因为这样做而无法理解整个故事。根据“You cannot enjoy a story if you stop lots of times on every page for looking up...in the dictionary.”可知，这样会阻止自己对故事的理解，主语是you，此处指的是“你自己”，故填yourself。
54．probably 55．more 56．put 57．buildings 58．made 59．recycling 60．useful
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者像读者介绍了善于废物利用的艾米 海耶斯。
54．句意：你可能从未听说过艾米·海耶斯。根据句子结构，空格处应填probable的副词形式，修饰谓语have heard of，probably意为“很可能”，符合句意，故填probably。
55．句意：她从不扔掉我们不再需要的东西。not ... any more为固定搭配，意为“不再……”，备选单词中many的比较级形式为more，故填more。
56．句意：她一直在想如何把这些东西用好。空格前为be，故此处应用被动语态，动词put应用过去分词形式put，故填put。
57．句意：她家的门窗是从镇上被推倒的老房子里搬来的。根据下文“were”提示，被推到的房子不止一处，此处名词building应用复数形式。故填buildings。
58．句意：大门是用石头和旧玻璃瓶做成的。根据下文“rocks and old glass bottles”可知，此处在说制作大门的原材料。be made of意为“由……制成”。备选单词中make的过去分词形式为made。故填made。
59．句意：艾米并不是唯一善于回收利用的人。根据下文“Jessica Wong uses old clothes to make bags”可知，此处指的是“艾米并不是唯一善于回收利用的人”。备选单词中recycle作动词，意为“回收利用”，且位于be good at doing sth.结构中，故recycle应用ing形式。故填recycling。
60．句意：她的包既可爱又实用。根据上文“Jessica Wong uses old clothes to make bags”可知，杰西卡会用旧衣服来作包包，这些包包既可爱又实用。备选单词中useless的反义词为useful，意为“有用的”，符合句意，故填useful。
61．traditional 62．first 63．lit 64．happiness 65．tons 66．carefully 67．drying
【分析】文章大意：中国的每一个地区都有其独特的传统艺术形式。它们通常试图表现出生活中一些重要的东西，如爱、美和家庭。根据中国历史，天灯是诸葛孔明最早使用的。他让它们被视为幸福和美好愿望的象征。中国的泥塑艺术也很有名，因为泥塑件很小，但看起来很真实，所以它已经引起了很多人的注意它们展现了所有中国人对生命和美丽的热爱。
61．句意：中国的每一个地区都有自己独特的传统艺术形式。
根据空前介词of 和空后名词art.可知，此空应填形容词，结合句意和所给单词提示可知，故答案为traditional。
62．句意：根据中国历史，天灯最早是由诸葛孔明使用的。
根据空前were 和空后used 可知，此空应填副词，结合句意和所给单词提示可知，故答案为first。
63．句意：当灯笼点燃时，它们慢慢升到空中。
根据句子结构可知，此句是缺少谓语动词，根据空前助动词are可知，此空应填动词过去分词，结合句意和所给单词提示可知，故答案为lit。
64．句意：它们被视为幸福和美好愿望的象征。
根据空前介词of 可知，此空应填名词，结合句意和所给单词提示可知，故答案为happiness 。
65．句意：中国的泥塑艺术也很有名，因为这些泥塑作品很小，但看起来很真实，所以吸引了很多人的注意。
根据空后of attention 可知，此空应填形容词，与介词of一起构成短语，结合句意和所给单词提示可知，故答案为tons。
66．句意：这些碎片是由一种非常特殊的粘土手工精心制成的。
根据空前are 和空后动词shaped ，可知此空应填副词，结合句意和所给单词提示可知，故答案为carefully。
67．句意：干燥后，将其烧制、抛光和上漆。
根据空前介词After 可知，此空应填名词、代词或动名词，结合句意和所给单词提示可知，故答案为drying。
【点睛】考生在做此类题时，首先通读全文。其次分析每个需要填入单词的词性，联想该单词的常见变形。然后分析句子成分，找出括号中单词在句子中做的成分。最后选择所给单词的适当形式填入相应的空格中，再读题，检查句子是否完整，表达是否准确无误。例如第1题。句意：中国的每一个地区都有自己独特的传统艺术形式。根据空前介词of 和空后名词art.可知，此空应填形容词，结合句意和所给单词提示可知，故答案为traditional。