人教版（2019）选择性必修 第一册Unit 5 Working the Land单元过关检测（含解析）

Unit5 单元过关检测
第一部分:阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选 出最佳选项。
A
Would it surprise you to learn that，like animals，trees communicate with each other and pass on their wealth to the next generation？
UBC Professor Simard explains how trees are much more complex than most of us ever imagined.
Although Charles Darwin thought that trees are competing for survival of the fittest，Simard shows just how wrong he was. In fact，the opposite is true：trees survive through their cooperation and support，passing around necessary nutrition “depending on who needs it”
Nitrogen（氮）and carbon are shared through miles of underground fungi（真菌）networks，making sure that all trees in the forest ecological system give and receive just the right amount to keep them all healthy. This hidden system works in a very similar way to the networks of neurons（神经元）in our brains，and when one tree is destroyed，it affects all.
Simard talks about “mother trees”，usually the largest and oldest plants on which all other trees depend. She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow. When humans cut down “mother trees” with no awareness of these highly complex “tree societies” or the networks on which they feed，we are reducing the chances of survival for the entire forest.
“We didn’t take any notice of it,” Simard says sadly. “Dying trees move nutrition into the young trees before dying but we never give them the chance. If we could put across the message to the forestry industry, we could make a huge difference towards our environmental protection efforts for the future”
The underlined words “the opposite is true” in Paragraph 3probably mean that trees______.
A. compete for survival
B. protect their own wealth
C. depend on each other
D. provide support for dying trees
2. “ Mother trees” are extremely important because they______.
A. pass on nutrition to young trees
B. seem more likely to be cut down by humans
C. look the largest in size in the forest
D. know more about the complex “tree societies”
The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to_________.
A. how young trees survive
B. how trees grow old
C. how forestry industry develops
D. how “ tree societies” work
4. What would be the best title for the passage
A. Old Trees Communicate Like Humans
B. Young Trees Are in Need of Protection
C. Trees Are More Awesome than You Think
D. Trees Contribute to Our Society
B
（2018·全国Ⅱ卷）Many of us love July because it’s the month when nature’s berries and stone fruits are in abundance. These colourful and sweet jewels from British Columbia’s fields are little powerhouses of nutritional protection.
Of the common berries，strawberries are highest in vitamin C，although，because of their seeds，raspberries contain a little more protein（蛋白质），iron and zinc（not that fruits have much protein）.Blueberries are particularly high in antioxidants（抗氧化物质）.The yellow and orange stone fruits such as peaches are high in the carotenoids we turn into vitamin a and which are antioxidants. As for cherries（樱桃），they are so delicious who cares？However，they are rich in vitamin C.
When combined with berries or slices of other fruits, frozen bananas make an excellent base for thick，cooling fruit shakes and low fat “ice cream”. For this purpose，select ripe bananas for freezing as they are much sweeter. Remove the skin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.
If you like，a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. Frozen bananas will last several weeks，depending on their ripeness and the temperature of the If you have a juicer，you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit Out comes a “soft serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a children’s party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below.
5. What does the author seem to like about cherries
A. They contain protein.
B. They are high in vitamin A
C. They have a pleasant taste.
D. They are rich in antioxidants.
6. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas
A. To make them smell better.
B. To keep their colour.
C. To speed up their ripening.
D. To improve their nutrition.
7. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph
A. A dessert.
B. A drink.
C. A container.
D. A machine.
8. From which is the text probably taken
A. A biology textbook.
B. A health magazine.
C. A research paper.
D. A travel brochure.
C
Modern inventions have speeded up people’s lives amazingly. Motor-cars cover a hundred miles in little more than an hour, aircraft cross the world inside a day, while computers operate at lightning speed. Indeed, this love of speed seems never-ending .Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts(吹嘘) of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.
All this saves time, but at a price. When we lose or gain half a day in speeding across the world in an airplane our bodies tell us so. We get the uncomfortable feeling known as jet-lag; our bodies feel that they have been left behind in another time zone. Again, spending too long at computers results in painful wrists and fingers. Mobile phones also have their danger, according to some scientists; too much use may transmit harmful radiation into our brains, a consequence we do not like to think about.
However, what do we do with the time we have saved Certainly not relax, or so it seems. We are so accustomed to constant activity that we find it difficult to sit and do nothing or even just one thing at a time. Perhaps the days are long gone when we might listen quietly to a story on the radio, letting imagination take us into another world.
There was a time when some people’s lives were devoted simply to the cultivation of the land or the care of cattle. No multi-tasking there; their lives went on at a much gentler pace, and in a familiar pattern. There is much that we might envy about a way of life like this. Yet before we do so we must think of the hard tasks our ancestors faced: they farmed with bare hands, often lived close to hunger, and had to fashion tools from wood and stone. Modern machinery has freed people from that primitive existence.
9. The new products become more and more time-saving because_______.
A. our love of speed seems never-ending
B. time is limited
C the prices are increasingly high
D. the manufacturers boast a lot
10. What is the author’s attitude towards the modern technology
A. Critical.
B. Objective.
C. Optimistic.
D. Negative.
11. What does the passage mainly discuss
A. The present and past times.
B. Machinery and human beings.
C. Imaginations and inventions.
D. Modern technology and its influence.
D
（2020·山东模考卷）Organic food is very popular. It is also expensive. Some organic food costs twice as much as non-organic food，but new parents and pet owners are willing to pay up to 200%more for organic food. However，there are people who think it is a waste of money.
There is one main difference between organic and nonorganic food. Organic farms do not use agricultural chemicals such as pesticides（杀虫剂）.In many countries，organic foods have special labels. These guarantee that the products are natural.
Some people think organic means locally grown. Originally this was true. Over time organic farming became more difficult. The demand for organic food grew larger than the supply. Small companies had to sell out to large companies. There weren’t enough organic ingredients（原料），such as grain and cattle. This made it difficult for many organic companies to stay in business. Today，many large companies have an organic line of products.
Is organic food more nutritious This is part of the debate. Many farmers and consumers believe it is. They think agricultural chemicals cause health problems such as cancer. Many health professionals disagree. Few studies prove that organic foods prevent health problems. Health specialists worry more about bacteria (病毒), such as E.coli and salmonella. These can get into contact with organic and non-organic food. Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully. Handling meat carefully is important too.
Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better. Is tastier food worth the extra money This is a matter of opinion. Whether it is healthier or not may require more research. However, organic consumers argue it is better to be safe than sorry.
12. What is probably the major concern of organic food consumers
A. Price.
B. Safety.
C. Freshness
D. Variety.
13. What is the doctors’ suggestion
A. Grow your own food.
B. Reduce the use of pesticides.
C. Make sure the food is clean.
D. Buy large companies’ products.
14. Which of the following do most people agree on organic food
A. It tastes better.
B. It is easier to grow.
C. It contains more fat.
D. It is more nutritious.
15. Where does this text probably come from
A. A recipe book
B. A chemistry paper.
C. A medical report.
D. A health magazine.
第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
What is a big dream 16 Or, is a big dream something that provides only entertainment Children dream big dreams, but there are three barriers to realising dreams hey often kill them before they ever have a chance to grow.
The self
Immediately following the birth of a big dream, a negative self-talk takes over and gives all the reasons why it cannot happen. This inside voice is the ego(自我). It’s there for protecting and should be listened to. 17 Most people are infuenced by the inside voice. That’s why only a handful of people make their dreams come true.
18
Family and friends are a lot like the ego. They want to protect those they love, so they will often list all the reasons why the big dreams won’t come true. Sometimes, family and friends destroy dreams of those they love most, out of their own fear of being left behind.
The World
If one gets past the first two barriers, one has to face the world. 19 In the past, big dreamers were locked up and sometimes even killed when they were shown to the world Fortunately, in most of the world today, big dreamers just get laughed at.
The way to realise a big dream is with confidence and action. When children have confidence and then take action they will be ready to accept any failure. The truth is that every great dreamer whose dreams have never seen the light of success knows failure well. 20
Family and Friends
How Big Dreams Die
Does a big dream show one’s future
They simply fail until they succeed.
It is the last and the most terrible barrier.
Sometimes it is right, but more often it is wrong.
And their big dream is to be a rock star or a famous artist.
第二部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给 的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In a land far away, once upon a time there was great poverty, and only the rich could manage without great 21 . Two of those rich men and their servants were 22 together on a road when they came to a very 23 village.
The first rich man, seeing the 24 situation, stopped for a short time and gave 25 all his food and drink, since he 26 see that money would be of little 27 to them He made sure that they each 28 their fair share and would have enough food to 29 for some time. Then, he left.
The second rich man, on seeing such poverty, 30 and went straight through the 31 without stopping. The first rich man saw this from a distance and thought the second rich man lacked sympathy.
However, three days later, the second rich man came in the opposite direction. He was 32 travelling quickly but his waggons, 33 the gold and valuables they had been 34 , were now full of farming tools and bags of 35 . He was rushing back to help them out of poverty.
21. A. loss B. expectations C. success D. problems
22. A. standing B. travelling C. gathering D. running
23. A. faraway B. poor C. different D. ancient
24. A. curious B. worrying C. dangerous D. puzzling
25. A. the villagers B. his servants C. the others D. the rest
26. A. could B. might C. should D. must
27. A. interest B. concern C. used D. attraction
28. A. returned B. gained C. offered D. received
29. A. remain B. last C. supply D. share
30. A. turned back B. set out C. showed off D. speeded up
31. A. village B. land C. field D. road
32. A. still B. already C. always D. indeed
33. A. except for B. instead of C. apart from D. along with
34. A. loading B. treasuring C. carrying D. earning
35. A. food B. jewels C. money D. seeds
第二节（共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
（2020·浙江卷）Some time after10，000BC，people made the first real attempt to control the world they lived 36 , through agriculture. Over thousands of years they began to depend less on 37 could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown.
Farming produced more food per person 38 hunting and gathering，so people were able to raise more children. And，as more children were born，more food 39（need）.Agriculture gave people their first expert of technology 40 (change)live.
By about 6，000 BC，people 41 (discover）the best crops to grow and animals to raise. Later，they learned to work with the 42 (season），planting at the right time and，in dry areas， 43 （make）use of annual foods to irrigate（灌溉）their fields
This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then with 44 rise of science，changes began. New methods 45 （mean）that fewer people worked in farming. In the last century or so，these changes have accelerated. New power machinery and artificial fertilizers（化肥）have now totally transformed a way of life that started in the Stone Age.
第三部分写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
上周末，你和同学参加了一次采摘活动。请你为班级英语角写一篇短文，介绍
这次活动，内容包括：
1.农场情况；
2.采摘过程；
3.个人感受。
注意：
1.词数80左右；
2.题目已为你写好。
题目：My Weekend
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第二节（满分25分）
阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
（2020·浙江1月卷改编）“I’m going to miss you so much，Poppy，” said the tall，thin teenager. He bent down to hug his old friend goodbye. He stood up, hugged his parents and smiled, trying not to let his emotions(情绪 ) get the better.
His parents were not quite able to keep theirs under control. They had driven their son several hours out of town to the university where he would soon be living and studying. It was time to say goodbye for now at least. The family hugged and smiled through misty eyes and then laughed.
The boy lifted the last bag onto his shoulder, and flashed a bright smile. “I guess this is it,” he said. “I’ll see you back home in a month, okay ” His parents nodded, and they watched as he walked out of sight into the crowds of hundreds of students and parents. The boy’s mother turned to the dog, “Okay, Poppy, time to go back home.”
The house seemed quiet as a tomb without the boy living there. All that week, Poppy didn’t seem interested in her dinner, her favorite toy, or even in her daily walk. Her owners were sad too, but they knew their son would be back to visit Poppy didn’t.
They offered the dog some of her favorite peanut butter treats. They even let her sit on the sofa, but the old girl just wasn’t her usual cheerful self. Her owners started to get worried. “What should we do to cheer Poppy up ” asked Dad. “We’ve tried everything.”
“I have an idea，but it might be a little crazy，”smiled Mom. “Without anybody left in the house but us，this place could use a bit of fun. Let’s get a little dog for Poppy.”
It didn’t take long before they walked through the front door carrying a big box. Poppy welcomed them home as usual，but when she saw the box，she stopped. She put her nose on it. Her tail began wagging（摆动）ever so slowly then faster as she caught the smell.
注意：续写词数应为150左右。
Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared._______________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
A few weeks later the boy arrived home from university_____________________
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参考答案：
第一部分 阅读
第一节
A
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了树木之间的依存关系。
1. C根据文章第三段的句子“…trees survive through their cooperation and support，passing around necessary nutrition ‘depending on who needs it’.”可知上文提到达尔文的适者生存的理论，而相反的是树是彼此依赖的，因此选C。
2. A根据文章第五段的句子“She explains how dying trees pass on the wealth to the next generation，transporting important minerals to young trees so they may continue to grow.”可知 mother trees极其重要是因为它们将营养传给小树，因此选A。
3. D it出现在文章最后一段，但实际上它指代的是上一段提到的内容，人们砍倒快死的 mother trees时不知道树的社会依存关系由此可知i指的是“树的社会”是怎么运作的，因此选D。
4. C根据全文内容可知，文章介绍了树和树之间不是竞争关系，它们之间是相互依赖的，垂死的树会将自己的营养传给小树让它们更好地成长，因此选C。
B
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了七月给我们带来的多种浆果和核果，
并告诉我们它们富含的营养和可以制成的美食。
5. C细节理解题。由第二段中的“As for cherries，they are so delicious who cares？
[至于樱桃，它们味道甜美，（至于其他方面）谁会在乎呢？]”可知，C项陈述
与之吻合。A、D两项曲解文意，第二段说山莓富含蛋白质，蓝莓富含抗氧化物质，因此这两项不是樱桃的特点；B项张冠李戴，文章说桃子等核果类的水果含有能转化为维生素A且是抗氧化物质的类胡萝卜素。
6. B细节理解题。根据题干中的 fresh lemon juice可以定位到第三段最后部分。由“If you like，a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them
turning brown.”可知，往香蕉上挤些新鲜的柠檬汁能保护香蕉在冷冻的时候不变色，故选B项。A、C、D三项无中生有。文章没有提到新鲜的柠檬汁能让冷冻的香蕉闻起来更好、成熟得更快或增加香蕉的营养。
7. D词义猜测题。最后一段中画线词处的语境提到“喂食”（feed in），“吐出”（out
comes），“放进机器的顶部”（into the top of the machine），从这些信息词判断
画线词指的是一种机器，因此选D。A、B、C三项曲解文意。从语境的关键
词判断，该词指的不是甜点、饮料或容器，而是榨汁的机器。
8. B推理判断题。本题考查文章的出处。从全文内容看，第一段提到丰收的七月
带来的果实，说这些水果好比储存营养的小“动力室”；第二段提到山莓等各种水果含有的维生素等营养成分；第三、四段提到利用这些水果制作各种美食。因此本文应该摘选自健康类的杂志。故选B项。A、C、D三项曲解文意。从文章内容看，本文不是出自生物教科书、科研论文或旅行手册。
C
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了现代科技的高速发展以及它给人们的生活带来的影响。
9. A推理判断题。由第一段中的“Indeed，this love of speed seems never-ending.”可知，正是人们对速度的这种永无休止的追求才使得新产品的速度越来越快，即：Every year motor-cars are produced which go even faster and each new computer boasts of saving precious seconds in handling tasks.。
10. B推理判断题。作者只是对现代科技发展的速度进行了陈述，并未作出评价，故作者所持的态度是客观的（objective）。
11. D主旨大意题。纵观全文，本文讲述了现代科技的高速发展及它对人们生活的影响。
D
【语篇解读】本文是一篇有关健康的议论文，主要讲述的是人们对有机食品的不同看法。
12. B推理判断题。题干问的是大多数有机食品消费者可能主要关注什么，根据第二段中提到有机食品未用农业化学药品，以及最后一段中的最后一句“However，organic consumers argue it is better to be safe than sorry.”可知，他们主要关心的是食品安全问题。
13. C细节理解题。根据第四段中的最后两句“Doctors recommend washing produce very carefully. Handling meat carefully is important too.”可知，医生建议要很仔细地清洗农产品，认真处理肉类也很重要。也就是说，医生建议要确保食物是干净的，故选C项。
14. A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的第一句“Most people agree that naturally grown food tastes better.”可知，大多数人认为有机食品尝起来味道更好。故选A项。
15. D推理判断题。文章讲述的是人们对有机食品的看法，由文章中提到的 health problems，healthier，safe等词语可知，这篇文章可能摘自健康杂志。
[易错项分析]本题易错选C项。因C项中有 medical，所以很容易错选。a medical report意为“医学报告”。文章并没有从医学的角度展开讲述，只是提到了医生关于清洗农产品和肉类的建议。文章主要讲述的是人们对有机食品的看法。故C项错误。
第二节
【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了阻挠孩子实现梦想的三大障碍，以及孩子们应采取的正确做法。
16. C前面一句提出问题，接下来应该回答什么是大的梦想。空格后面一句用了问句的形式，所以空格处也应用问句的形式，故选C项。
17. F空格后面一句说“大多数人受到这种来自内心的声音的影响，这就是只有少数人能实现梦想的原因”，由此可知这种来自内心的声音大多数时候是错误的，故F项符合语境。
18. A根据文章的结构可知，空格处应填阻挠孩子实现梦想的第二个障碍，由下一段多次出现的 family and friends可知应选A项。
19. E第一段已经提到有三大障碍阻挠梦想的实现，前面已经讲了两个，此处是第三个，故E项符合语境。
20. D空格前面说每一位伟大的梦想家都经历过多次失败，因此，他们的成功来自他们的执着，故选D项。
第二部分 语言运用
第一节
【语篇解读】本文是一则故事。“授人以鱼不如授人以渔”。文章通过两个富人帮助穷人的方式，向我们阐释了这一道理
21. D由下文提到的富人有许多金银财宝可知，只有富人能够毫无困难地应付。problem问题，难题，符合此处的语境。loss损失expectation期望success成功。
22. B由最后一段中的 travelling quickly可知，此处应选 travelling stand站；gather聚集；run跑。
23. B从下文的内容可知，他们到的这个村庄很穷（poor）。faraway遥远的；different不同的；ancient古代的
24.B由后面第一个富人的举止可以看出，当时的情形令人担忧的（worrying）。curious好奇的，常用来修饰人；dangerous危险的，本文只说这个地方太穷，并未说危险；puzzling 令人困惑的。
25. A此处表示他把所有的食物和喝的东西给了村民（the villagers）。
26. A此处表示他能够（could）看出的道理。might也许，可能should应该；must 一定，必须。
27. C这个富人认为村民们缺少的是食物和喝的东西，并不是金钱。be of little use几乎没有用。interest兴趣；concern关心；attraction吸引力。
28. D这个富人是在分发食物和喝的东西，因此他会确保他们每个人都得到（receive）了公平的一份。return归还，返回；gain赢得，博得；offer提供。
29. B村民们能得到足够的食物维持（last）一段时间。remain剩下，剩余，仍然是；supply提供；share分享。
30. D由文中的 went straight through（径直穿过）和 without stopping（没有停下来）可知，此处应为“加快速度”（speed up）tum back返回，与后面的 went straight矛盾；set out动身，出发；show of炫耀。
31. A由第一段提到的 village可知，此处应为径直穿过这个“村庄”。
32. A根据语境可知，这个富人的马车没有停，径直走了，此处是说他仍然（stil1）走得很快。already已经；always总是；indeed确实。
33. B由后面的 were now full of farming tools（现在装满了农具）可知，马车上携带的已经不是原来的金子和贵重物品了。a instead of而不是，符合此处的语境。except for除了；apart from除……外(都)；along with 和……一起。
34. C carry携带，搬运，符合此处的语境。load装上，承载；treasure 珍视，珍爱；earn 赚，挣。
35. D根据前面的 farming tools可以推知此处应为 seeds（种子）。
36. in 37. what 38. than 39. was needed 40. to change 41. had discovered 42. seasons 43. making 44. the 45. Meant
第三部分 写作
第一节
One possible version:
My Weekend
Last weekend, my classmates and I took part in a farm picking activity.
Surrounded by green trees, the farm is located at the foot of the hill near our school. There is a small river flowing through the farm. while enjoying being close to nature, we began to help pick peaches covering every tree. We worked in pairs, one
picking peaches and the other carefully putting them into a big box.
Through participating in this picking activity, I have become aware of the significance of work. I am determined to study hard, to be a useful person to the country and to contribute to the improvement of peoples live.
第二节
One possible version:
Dad opened the box and a sweet little dog appeared. It lifted and lowered its head alternately with caution, its eyes shining out of curiosity. “Say hello to your new friend, Poppy.” Dad said in an encouraging voice. Poppy gave him a seemingly knowing look, scratching the box with its front paw. The little creature slowly stood up, jumped out with pains taking efforts and yapped around Poppy. They sniffed each other like old friends. The parents gasped in surprise even with kind of envy. They cannot imagine the two dogs enjoyed each others company in a blink of an eye.
A few weeks later the boy arrived home from university. He cannot wait to tell his parents about his new friends in the university. Strangely he wasn’t greeted with Poppy’s eager barking but an unbelievable scene. The two dogs were tumbling about on the floor. The house was pulsating with life. Parents came up, hugging his son. “One has to grow up in his new friends’ company. We should get used to it.” Mom said half-jokingly, stroking his thin but determined face. It can’t be sure enough.
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