外研版（2019） 必修 第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hopeLanguage points(共43张PPT)
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| 名称 | 外研版（2019） 必修 第三册 Unit 6 Disaster and hopeLanguage points(共43张PPT) |  | |
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| 科目 | 英语 | ||
| 更新时间 | 2023-03-12 12:26:06 | ||
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(共43张PPT)
1. Today, the temperature in London is expected to reach 30
plus degrees!
今天，伦敦的汽温预计将达到30多度。
expect vt. to think that something will happen because it
seems likely or has been planned 预料，预期，期待
eg I expect to be back within a week.
我预计一周之内回来。
The company expects to complete work in April.
公司预期在四月份完工。
expect to do sth 预期做某事；期待做某事
expect sb/ sth to do sth 预期某人/ 某物做某事；期待某人/某
物做某事
expect sth from/ of sb 期望从某人身上得到某物
expect that…预期……
【归纳】
expectation n. 预料；预期，期待，盼望；指望
expected adj. 预料的；预期的
unexpected adj. 未预料到的；意外的
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) I enjoyed the film we saw last night. It was far more
interesting than __________ (expect).
2) The players _________ (select) from the whole country are
expected _________ (bring) us honour in this summer
game.
expectation
selected
to bring
2. It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as well as one of the deepest. It’s the hottest on the whole Tube system.
我通常上班所走的路线刚好是地铁里最老、最深的一条线。那也是整个地铁系统里最热的一条线。
本句中as well as one of the deepest后省略lines。
此处as well as连接的是两个平行的名词短语，因为这两个平行名词短语的中心词同为lines，所以可以省略。
在省略中心词时，我们既可以省略前一个名词的中心词，也可以省略后一个名词短语的中心词，因此我们也可以说：It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest as well as one of the deepest lines. 不过这种省略现象主要见于书面语体。
英语中的并列句也可以进行省略。一般说来， 在后句中与上文相同的成分通常会被省略。但需要注意，省略并不是随意而为的，只有当省略的词义已经出现在句中，并且在不影响句意的情况下才可以省略。
3. Sure enough, going down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s erupting. 果不其然，走下楼梯，来到站台上就像是跳进一座正在喷发的火山。
erupt v. (of a volcano) become active and eject lava, ash, and gases (火山)爆发，喷发
break out suddenly and violently 突然发生
eg since the volcano last erupted, many houses have been built
in a dangerous position on its slopes.
自从火山上次喷发后，很多房屋建在了火山山坡上的危险地带。
At the end of a hot summer, violence erupted in the inner
cities.
一个炎热的夏末，在市中心贫民区突然爆发了暴力事件。
eruption n. 爆发; 突然发生
eg There was a violent eruption of anti-government feeling.
反政府情绪突然爆发
4. This, however, is nothing compared to the train.
不过这还远远比不上车厢里面。
句中的however是副词，表示转折，compared to the train是过去分词短语作状语。
过去分词(短语)作状语表示的是已完成或被动的动作。其逻辑主语和句子的主语保持一致，在句中作伴随状语、时间状语、原因状语、条件状语等。
eg Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. (作时间状语) 当这个句子被翻译成英语后，我们发现它有一个完全不同的语序。
He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. (作伴随状语)
他匆忙去大厅，(身后)跟着两个卫兵。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow very fast. (作条件状语) 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
compare … to … 和……比起来; 把……比作……
compare A and / with / to B 把A和B进行比较
eg We carefully compared the first picture and / with / to the second.
我们仔细地把第一张画和第二张画作了比较。
Shakespeare compared the world to stage.
莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
compare with 能和……相比；比得上
beyond / without compare 无与伦比，举世无双
eg For relaxation nothing compares with a day on
the beach.
说到放松，没有什么比得上在海滩上的一天。
Our professional service promises you a wedding
without compare.
我们以专业的服务承诺给你一个无与伦比的婚礼。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) Clearly and thoughtfully ________ (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
2) The man went to bed, _______ (drink) and when he woke up, he found his shoes still on.
written
drunk
5. I hope I can make it to Bank station…I’ll avoid the feeling by thinking about work. 我希望我能撑到银行站……我将通过思考工作来逃避这种感觉。
make it: to be very successful 获得成功
to succeed in reaching a place in time (尤指在困难情况下)成功到达
eg It’s a very difficult examination. Are you sure you can make it 这次考试很难，你确定你能通过吗？
She made it to the railway station just in time to catch her train. 她及时到了火车站，赶上了火车。
【语境应用】写出下列句子中make it的含义。
1) What a big wind! I don’t think we will make it to the airport in time. ___________
2) After so many years of hard work in scientific field, she finally made it. ____________
准时到达
获得成功
avoid vt. keep away from or stop oneself from doing (something) 避免
keep oneself away from (sb/sth) 躲避；避开
其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，不能接动词不定式作宾语。
avoid doing sth 避免做某事
eg I still agree with Blake’s advice to avoid surrounding yourself with unpleasant people.
我仍同意布莱克的建议，避免让悲观的人围绕着你。
与avoid用法相同，后接动词时只接动词-ing形式的动词有delay (推迟)，enjoy (喜欢，欣赏)，escape (逃避)，finish (完成)，consider (考虑)，suggest (建议)等。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid _______ (eat) food high in fat, like French fries and cookies.
2) A storm is coming. In order to avoid _________ (catch), we must take our raincoats with us.
eating
catching
6. My office is only on the third floor of the building, so quite low.
我的办公室就在四楼，太低了。
第一句的后半部分省略了主语和谓语，即：My office is, 因为它们与前半部分的主语和谓语相同，如果不省略的话就会显得很啰嗦。
原句 = On the third floor of the building, my office is quite low.
英语中，为了使语言简洁明了、重点突出或上下文紧密相连，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。了解和掌握这一现象，在阅读上有助于理解，在写作上有助于用词简练、行文自然流畅。
7. I’ll join a beginner’s swimming class immediately.
我得马上报个游泳入门班。
immediately adv. at once, right away 立刻，马上
eg The telephone rang, and he answered it immediately.
电话铃响了，他马上去接。
immediately conj.一……(就……)用来引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as, the moment等。
eg Immediately you begin to speak, he gives you his full
attention.
你只要一开始说话，他就会全神贯注地听。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) We must act ___________ (immediate) to prevent the
children from being hurt.
2) Henry was so tired that he went to bed ___________
(immediate) after he got home
immediately
immediately
8. Looking through my newspaper, I’m shocked by photos
showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
我翻阅着手里的报纸，震惊地看到亚洲的飓风摧毁了一个
城镇的照片。
look through: survey or scan (a book, paper, etc.) often briefly 快速查看；浏览
see through 看穿；识破
eg Whenever we look through a newspaper or surf the
Internet, advertisements would immediately jump into
our sight.每当我们浏览报纸或在网上冲浪时，广告就会
立即跳入我们的视线中。
We have looked through the enemy’s tricks.
我们已经识破了敌人的诡计。
look through 翻查，翻找
eg I’ve looked through all my papers but I still can’t find
the contract.
我把所有的文件都找遍了，但还是找不到合同。
look after 照顾，照料
look into 调查，审查
look back 回顾
look out 小心，当心
look up 查找(字典)
look over 查看；检查
look down on 瞧不起，轻视
look forward to 盼望，渴望
含look的短语：
look for 寻找
【语境运用】用合适的副词填空。
1) I look ________ at my high school days, which were the happiest memories in my life.
2) I often look ________ the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
back
up
9. Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change.
专家说这些恶劣天气是由气候变化导致的。
occur e into being as an event or a process;
happen 发生
be found to be present in a place or under a particular set of conditions 出现
suddenly think of it or realize it (观念或想法)被想到
eg If headaches only occur at night, lack of fresh air and oxygen is often the cause.
如果头疼只发生在晚上，通常是缺乏新鲜的空气和氧气引起的。
A brilliant idea occurred to me when I woke up in the morning.
早上醒来时，我想到了一个很棒的主意。
【归纳】
occur
短语
sth. occurs/ occurred to sb.
某人突然想起某事
It hit / struck sb. that…
某人突然想到……
It occurs/ occurred to sb. that…
某人突然想起
It occurs/ occurred to sb. to do sth.
某人突然想起做某事
【注意】
occur的过去式为occurred，过去分词为occurred，现在分词为occurring。
occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。occur作谓语时，主语不能为人。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) The possibility that Carolina might be wrong never occurred _____ her.
卡罗莱娜压根没想过自己可能会错。
2) I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ____________ (occur)．
我正沿街寻找停车的地方时，那起事故发生了。
to
occurred
3) ______ occurred to her that she should adopt the homeless child.
她突然觉得她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。
写准核心单词。
4) In a word that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would ________(发生).
(2019北京高考)
It
occur
happen, occur, take place, break out
happen 表示“发生”时，强调事件发生的偶然性和不可预见性，其主语为事物；表示“碰巧”时，常用于it happens + that从句或happens to do sth.句型中。
occur 表示“发生”时，属于比较正式的用语，常以具体的事件、事物为主语，此时可以与happen互换。表示“在脑海中出现某种想法”时，要用occur,而不可用happen。
take place 多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生，比如举办活动、发生变化等。
break out 多指自然灾害、战争、某种疾病的突然爆发。
【语境应用】选词填空。(happen/occur/take place/break out)
1) The Second World War ____________ in September
1939．
2) Great changes have ____________ in China in the past
two decades.
3) I can spare you only a few minutes. Just tell me briefly
what ____________.
4) It suddenly ____________ to Anne that money couldn’t make up for all that Bob had suffered in the past five years.
broke out
taken place
happened
occurred
10. Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space…
既然很难避免地球上的灾难，也许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去……
now that 既然，由于，引导原因状语从句，相当于since，在口语中that可以省去，从句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
eg Now that there is a new tunnel, the road is less dangerous.
既然有一条新的隧道，那这条路就不那么危险了。
引导原因状语从句的其他词汇有since, because, as, for等。
eg We didn’t go to the park because the weather was so awful.
我们没有去公园，因为天气太糟了。
【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
1) 既然你已经决定去做，那么你就应该把它做好。
_______________________________, you should do it well.
2) 既然这个问题已经被解决了，让我们进入下一个吧。
_________________________________, let’s go to the next one.
Now that you have decided to do it
Now that the problem has been solved
1. Today, the temperature in London is expected to reach 30
plus degrees!
今天，伦敦的汽温预计将达到30多度。
expect vt. to think that something will happen because it
seems likely or has been planned 预料，预期，期待
eg I expect to be back within a week.
我预计一周之内回来。
The company expects to complete work in April.
公司预期在四月份完工。
expect to do sth 预期做某事；期待做某事
expect sb/ sth to do sth 预期某人/ 某物做某事；期待某人/某
物做某事
expect sth from/ of sb 期望从某人身上得到某物
expect that…预期……
【归纳】
expectation n. 预料；预期，期待，盼望；指望
expected adj. 预料的；预期的
unexpected adj. 未预料到的；意外的
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) I enjoyed the film we saw last night. It was far more
interesting than __________ (expect).
2) The players _________ (select) from the whole country are
expected _________ (bring) us honour in this summer
game.
expectation
selected
to bring
2. It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines, as well as one of the deepest. It’s the hottest on the whole Tube system.
我通常上班所走的路线刚好是地铁里最老、最深的一条线。那也是整个地铁系统里最热的一条线。
本句中as well as one of the deepest后省略lines。
此处as well as连接的是两个平行的名词短语，因为这两个平行名词短语的中心词同为lines，所以可以省略。
在省略中心词时，我们既可以省略前一个名词的中心词，也可以省略后一个名词短语的中心词，因此我们也可以说：It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest as well as one of the deepest lines. 不过这种省略现象主要见于书面语体。
英语中的并列句也可以进行省略。一般说来， 在后句中与上文相同的成分通常会被省略。但需要注意，省略并不是随意而为的，只有当省略的词义已经出现在句中，并且在不影响句意的情况下才可以省略。
3. Sure enough, going down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s erupting. 果不其然，走下楼梯，来到站台上就像是跳进一座正在喷发的火山。
erupt v. (of a volcano) become active and eject lava, ash, and gases (火山)爆发，喷发
break out suddenly and violently 突然发生
eg since the volcano last erupted, many houses have been built
in a dangerous position on its slopes.
自从火山上次喷发后，很多房屋建在了火山山坡上的危险地带。
At the end of a hot summer, violence erupted in the inner
cities.
一个炎热的夏末，在市中心贫民区突然爆发了暴力事件。
eruption n. 爆发; 突然发生
eg There was a violent eruption of anti-government feeling.
反政府情绪突然爆发
4. This, however, is nothing compared to the train.
不过这还远远比不上车厢里面。
句中的however是副词，表示转折，compared to the train是过去分词短语作状语。
过去分词(短语)作状语表示的是已完成或被动的动作。其逻辑主语和句子的主语保持一致，在句中作伴随状语、时间状语、原因状语、条件状语等。
eg Translated into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely different word order. (作时间状语) 当这个句子被翻译成英语后，我们发现它有一个完全不同的语序。
He hurried to the hall, followed by two guards. (作伴随状语)
他匆忙去大厅，(身后)跟着两个卫兵。
Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow very fast. (作条件状语) 如果种在肥沃的土壤里，这些种子能长得很快。
compare … to … 和……比起来; 把……比作……
compare A and / with / to B 把A和B进行比较
eg We carefully compared the first picture and / with / to the second.
我们仔细地把第一张画和第二张画作了比较。
Shakespeare compared the world to stage.
莎士比亚把世界比作舞台。
compare with 能和……相比；比得上
beyond / without compare 无与伦比，举世无双
eg For relaxation nothing compares with a day on
the beach.
说到放松，没有什么比得上在海滩上的一天。
Our professional service promises you a wedding
without compare.
我们以专业的服务承诺给你一个无与伦比的婚礼。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) Clearly and thoughtfully ________ (write), the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.
2) The man went to bed, _______ (drink) and when he woke up, he found his shoes still on.
written
drunk
5. I hope I can make it to Bank station…I’ll avoid the feeling by thinking about work. 我希望我能撑到银行站……我将通过思考工作来逃避这种感觉。
make it: to be very successful 获得成功
to succeed in reaching a place in time (尤指在困难情况下)成功到达
eg It’s a very difficult examination. Are you sure you can make it 这次考试很难，你确定你能通过吗？
She made it to the railway station just in time to catch her train. 她及时到了火车站，赶上了火车。
【语境应用】写出下列句子中make it的含义。
1) What a big wind! I don’t think we will make it to the airport in time. ___________
2) After so many years of hard work in scientific field, she finally made it. ____________
准时到达
获得成功
avoid vt. keep away from or stop oneself from doing (something) 避免
keep oneself away from (sb/sth) 躲避；避开
其后可接名词、代词或动词-ing形式作宾语，不能接动词不定式作宾语。
avoid doing sth 避免做某事
eg I still agree with Blake’s advice to avoid surrounding yourself with unpleasant people.
我仍同意布莱克的建议，避免让悲观的人围绕着你。
与avoid用法相同，后接动词时只接动词-ing形式的动词有delay (推迟)，enjoy (喜欢，欣赏)，escape (逃避)，finish (完成)，consider (考虑)，suggest (建议)等。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) In order to eat healthily, I usually avoid _______ (eat) food high in fat, like French fries and cookies.
2) A storm is coming. In order to avoid _________ (catch), we must take our raincoats with us.
eating
catching
6. My office is only on the third floor of the building, so quite low.
我的办公室就在四楼，太低了。
第一句的后半部分省略了主语和谓语，即：My office is, 因为它们与前半部分的主语和谓语相同，如果不省略的话就会显得很啰嗦。
原句 = On the third floor of the building, my office is quite low.
英语中，为了使语言简洁明了、重点突出或上下文紧密相连，可以省去某些句子成分而保持句子原意不变。了解和掌握这一现象，在阅读上有助于理解，在写作上有助于用词简练、行文自然流畅。
7. I’ll join a beginner’s swimming class immediately.
我得马上报个游泳入门班。
immediately adv. at once, right away 立刻，马上
eg The telephone rang, and he answered it immediately.
电话铃响了，他马上去接。
immediately conj.一……(就……)用来引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as, the moment等。
eg Immediately you begin to speak, he gives you his full
attention.
你只要一开始说话，他就会全神贯注地听。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) We must act ___________ (immediate) to prevent the
children from being hurt.
2) Henry was so tired that he went to bed ___________
(immediate) after he got home
immediately
immediately
8. Looking through my newspaper, I’m shocked by photos
showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
我翻阅着手里的报纸，震惊地看到亚洲的飓风摧毁了一个
城镇的照片。
look through: survey or scan (a book, paper, etc.) often briefly 快速查看；浏览
see through 看穿；识破
eg Whenever we look through a newspaper or surf the
Internet, advertisements would immediately jump into
our sight.每当我们浏览报纸或在网上冲浪时，广告就会
立即跳入我们的视线中。
We have looked through the enemy’s tricks.
我们已经识破了敌人的诡计。
look through 翻查，翻找
eg I’ve looked through all my papers but I still can’t find
the contract.
我把所有的文件都找遍了，但还是找不到合同。
look after 照顾，照料
look into 调查，审查
look back 回顾
look out 小心，当心
look up 查找(字典)
look over 查看；检查
look down on 瞧不起，轻视
look forward to 盼望，渴望
含look的短语：
look for 寻找
【语境运用】用合适的副词填空。
1) I look ________ at my high school days, which were the happiest memories in my life.
2) I often look ________ the words I don’t know in the dictionary or on the Internet.
back
up
9. Experts say this bad weather has occurred due to climate change.
专家说这些恶劣天气是由气候变化导致的。
occur e into being as an event or a process;
happen 发生
be found to be present in a place or under a particular set of conditions 出现
suddenly think of it or realize it (观念或想法)被想到
eg If headaches only occur at night, lack of fresh air and oxygen is often the cause.
如果头疼只发生在晚上，通常是缺乏新鲜的空气和氧气引起的。
A brilliant idea occurred to me when I woke up in the morning.
早上醒来时，我想到了一个很棒的主意。
【归纳】
occur
短语
sth. occurs/ occurred to sb.
某人突然想起某事
It hit / struck sb. that…
某人突然想到……
It occurs/ occurred to sb. that…
某人突然想起
It occurs/ occurred to sb. to do sth.
某人突然想起做某事
【注意】
occur的过去式为occurred，过去分词为occurred，现在分词为occurring。
occur没有被动语态，不用于进行时。occur作谓语时，主语不能为人。
【语境应用】单句语法填空。
1) The possibility that Carolina might be wrong never occurred _____ her.
卡罗莱娜压根没想过自己可能会错。
2) I was going along the street looking for a place to park when the accident ____________ (occur)．
我正沿街寻找停车的地方时，那起事故发生了。
to
occurred
3) ______ occurred to her that she should adopt the homeless child.
她突然觉得她应该收养这个无家可归的孩子。
写准核心单词。
4) In a word that warms up by 3℃, it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would ________(发生).
(2019北京高考)
It
occur
happen, occur, take place, break out
happen 表示“发生”时，强调事件发生的偶然性和不可预见性，其主语为事物；表示“碰巧”时，常用于it happens + that从句或happens to do sth.句型中。
occur 表示“发生”时，属于比较正式的用语，常以具体的事件、事物为主语，此时可以与happen互换。表示“在脑海中出现某种想法”时，要用occur,而不可用happen。
take place 多指有计划、有目的、有步骤地发生，比如举办活动、发生变化等。
break out 多指自然灾害、战争、某种疾病的突然爆发。
【语境应用】选词填空。(happen/occur/take place/break out)
1) The Second World War ____________ in September
1939．
2) Great changes have ____________ in China in the past
two decades.
3) I can spare you only a few minutes. Just tell me briefly
what ____________.
4) It suddenly ____________ to Anne that money couldn’t make up for all that Bob had suffered in the past five years.
broke out
taken place
happened
occurred
10. Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth, perhaps I should start thinking about moving to space…
既然很难避免地球上的灾难，也许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去……
now that 既然，由于，引导原因状语从句，相当于since，在口语中that可以省去，从句中it是形式主语，真正的主语是后面的动词不定式短语。
eg Now that there is a new tunnel, the road is less dangerous.
既然有一条新的隧道，那这条路就不那么危险了。
引导原因状语从句的其他词汇有since, because, as, for等。
eg We didn’t go to the park because the weather was so awful.
我们没有去公园，因为天气太糟了。
【语境应用】根据汉语意思完成句子。
1) 既然你已经决定去做，那么你就应该把它做好。
_______________________________, you should do it well.
2) 既然这个问题已经被解决了，让我们进入下一个吧。
_________________________________, let’s go to the next one.
Now that you have decided to do it
Now that the problem has been solved