人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第二册 Unit1Science and Scientists 拓展阅读专项训练（一）（有答案）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第二册 Unit1Science and Scientists 拓展阅读专项训练（一）（有答案） |  | |
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Unit1 拓展阅读专项训练（一）
一、刷阅读理解
A
体裁:记叙文 题材:人物介绍 词数：343 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
［安徽合肥2021高二期中联考］Born on May 27, 1907 in Springdale, Pennsylvania, Rachel Carson became an avid explorer as well as reader, and took an interest in writing stories. By the age of 10, she had published her first story in St. Nicholas. She would often read this magazine, as well as many others that concerned with the natural world. In 1925, she finished high school at the top of her class—a class of 45 students.
Carson went on to attend the Pennsylvania College for Women, which is known as Chatham University now. This is where she ended up pursuing the sciences, more precisely, biology. She eventually attended Johns Hopkins University in 1929, continuing her studies in zoology and genetics.
Carson completed her master's in zoology in June of 1932, and went to work at a local radio station. Here she wrote educational broadcasts for a weekly radio show called Romance Under the Waters. This led her to her job at the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, and she became just the second woman to be employed by the bureau.
In 1951, Carson had her book The Sea Around Us published, which explains the complexity of the ocean to non-scientists. Carson wrote the book with poetry and science, and she intended to spark her readers a sense of the fragility of the world's ecosystem. The Sea Around Us made Carson the voice of public science in America, an internationally recognised authority on the oceans, and established her reputation as a nature writer of the first rank.
In 1962, Carson became well-known when her most famous book Silent Spring was published. This book described the negative effects of pesticides on the environment. Her concern over pesticides dates back to the 1940s, but no one would take it seriously until this book was finally published. On April 14th, 1964, Carson passed away due to a heart attack but her work on preserving the environment has continued to this day. Silent Spring was even republished in 1994 with an introduction from then vice-president Al Gore.
1. What do we know about Carson’s early life
A. She was a big fan of St. Nicholas.
B. She worked part-time at a radio station.
C. She pursued the sciences in high school.
D. She moved to Springdale at the age of 10.
2. According to the text, The Sea Around Us ________.
A.is a science book for professionals
B. was published after Carson passed away
C. aimed to raise public environmental awareness
D. has made Carson a fiction writer of international significance
3. What might be Al Gore's attitude towards Silent Spring
A. Critical.
B. Ambiguous.
C. Sceptical.
D. Approving.
4. Which words can best describe Carson
A. Talented and responsible.
B. Independent but serious.
C. Reliable and courageous.
D. Determined but proud.
B
体裁:说明文 题材:介绍说明 词数：329 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
［辽宁六校 2020 高二联考］NAO, the first robot able to show feelings, has been created by a European research team. When NAO is sad, he lowers his head and looks down. When he's happy, he raises his arms for a hug. Nothing is out of the ordinary, except that NAO is a robot.
"We're modelling the first year of life," says Lola Canamero, a computer scientist at the University of Hertfordshire. " The feelings are shown through physical gestures and body movements rather than facial or verbal （言语的）expressions."
In the future, says the scientist, robots are likely to act as companions, provide support for old people, and help people shop online. In these situations, the display of emotions, will be important in making the interaction （相互作用）more natural and comfortable.
NAO has been programmed to copy the emotional skills of a one-year-old child. It can memorise faces, and knows the basic rules of good and bad. Based on these it can decide how to react to what is going on. The actions going with each feelings are pre-programmed, but NAO decides for itself when to play them.
NAO is also programmed to have different personalities. A more independent robot is less likely to call for help when exploring a room, while a more fearful robot will show distress if it finds something in the room that may be harmful.
Canamero's team will take its emotional programming forward into medical applications. Part of the project will look at ways to use robots in hospitals to support the roles of doctors, nurses and parents.
Children might find that a small, friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious. "We want to explore different roles-the robots will help the children to understand their treatment and explain what they have to do. We want to help the children to control their anxiety," she says.
1. According to the text, what do we know about NAO
A. It displays different feelings in different situations.
B. It is able to imitate adults, emotional displays.
C. It can remember people's feelings.
D. It learns emotions from facial expressions.
2. What can we learn from the text
A. Scientists worked on facial and spoken expressions to create NAO's emotions.
B. The time when NAO displays feelings has been pre-programmed.
C. Emotional programming is used in medicine production.
D. Robots with emotional skills can help children feel more comfortable.
3. What does the underlined word "distress" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Courage.
B. Anxiety.
C. Anger.
D. Satisfaction.
4. What is the text mainly about
A. The relationship between humans and robots.
B. The roles that robots play in different fields.
C. The first robot able to show feelings.
D. The long history of robots.
二、刷7选5
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明词数：328 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[河南郑州八校2021高二期中]There have been a lot of comments recently surrounding 5G，the next generation of wireless technology. 1 ？How might it change our lives？
5G stands for “the fifth generation"，meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system. Earlier “G” systems were designed to improve mobile communication operations. Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity（容量）. 2 . It is expected to permit more users to do more things at a faster rate.
However, technology experts say there is a major way that 5G is different from the earlier systems. 3 . It will affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.
5G will help fuel future “smart cities" by connecting sensor networks.5G is also expected to connect self-driving cars and support new technologies involving virtual reality（虚拟现实）. Higher 5G speeds could also permit doctors to commonly perform remote medical operations. Factories and businesses could use 5G technology to increase automation and improve the collection of information.
4 . The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data. In addition, the wider use of a 5G wireless network means any breakdown of the system would have more widespread and severe results. Such difficulties could affect public safety. 5 , or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash.
A. Why is 5G so popular
B. What is this technology
C. Every coin has two sides
D. The new 5G system promises more of the same
E. It will move beyond mobile network technology
F.A breakdown of 5G networks may cause economic losses
G.A failure during a doctor's remote operation could lead to death
答案解析
刷阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名作家蕾切尔·卡逊的生平。
1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的By the age of 10，she had published her first story in St.Nicholas.She would often read this magazine，as well as many others that concerned with the natural world.可知，蕾切尔·卡逊很早就是《圣尼古拉杂志》的狂热粉丝。故选A项。
2.C推理判断题。由题干中的The Sea Around Us可快速定位到第四段的内容。根据句子 Carson wrote the book with poetry and science，and she intended to spark her readers a sense of the fragility of the world's ecosystem.可以推测出，蕾切尔·卡逊写这本书的目的是提高民众的环境保护意识。故选C项。
3.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 Silent Spring was even republished in 1994 with an introduction from then vice-president Al Gore.可以推测出，当时的副总统艾伯特·戈尔对《寂静的春天》这本书的态度是非常认可和支持的。故选D项。
4.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的she became just the second woman to be employed by the bureau 可知蕾切尔·卡逊很有才华；根据第五段中的 Her concern over pesticides dates back to the1940s和but her work on preserving the environment has continued to this day可知，蕾切尔·卡逊很有责任心。故选A项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由一个欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够通过动作表达感情的机器人NAO，该团队希望能将它的情感程序应用到医学领域。
1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的When NAO is sad，he lowers his head and looks down.When he's happy，he raises his arms for a hug.可知，当NAO生气时，它会低下头，当它开心时，它会伸出手要求拥抱，这说明NAO能在不同情况下表达不同的情绪。故选A项。
2.D细节理解题。根据第六段中的Children might find that a small，friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious.可知，如果孩子们有一个小小的、友好的又能够理解他们情感状态的机器人陪着的话，他们可能就不会那么焦虑了，也就是说具有情感技能的机器人可以帮助孩子们感觉更放松。故选D项。
3.B词义猜测题。前面提到一个更独立的机器人在探索房间时很少寻求帮助，是独立完成任务的。句中的while表示对比，由此可以判断，后面是说一个胆怯的机器人如果在房间里发现可能有害的东西时会表现出焦虑（的情绪）。故选B项。
4.C主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句NAO，the first robot able to show feelings，has been created by a European research team.和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了由一个欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够表达感情的机器人NAO。故选C项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文为说明文，介绍了5G技术及其优点，同时也介绍了5G技术存在的安全风险。
1.B分析文章结构可知，本文属于“总一分”结构，文章主要就第一段的两个问题展开，根据第二段中的5G stands for“the fifth generation"，meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system.可知，第一个问题是关于5G技术的概念，故选B项。
2.D根据前一句Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity.可知，每一项新的通信技术都会提升速度，扩大网络容量，本句介绍新技术的作用，D选项指出了5G会带来更多的东西，其中的of the same与前一句呼应，符合语境，故选D项。
3.E根据后一句It will affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.可知，与其他四代的通信相比，5G会影响更多的设备和产业，E选项指出它的发展将超过手机网络技术，后一句进一步说明该句，符合语境，故选E项。
4.C根据后文The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data.可知，本段主要讲述5G技术可能存在的风险，故选C项。
5.G根据后面的or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash可知，网络故障可能会导致自动驾驶汽车出车祸，故此处介绍的是5G技术对公共安全可能造成的不利影响，G选项指出一个医生远程手术过程中的故障可能造成死亡，与空后内容相呼应，符合语境，故选G项。
8 / 8
一、刷阅读理解
A
体裁:记叙文 题材:人物介绍 词数：343 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
［安徽合肥2021高二期中联考］Born on May 27, 1907 in Springdale, Pennsylvania, Rachel Carson became an avid explorer as well as reader, and took an interest in writing stories. By the age of 10, she had published her first story in St. Nicholas. She would often read this magazine, as well as many others that concerned with the natural world. In 1925, she finished high school at the top of her class—a class of 45 students.
Carson went on to attend the Pennsylvania College for Women, which is known as Chatham University now. This is where she ended up pursuing the sciences, more precisely, biology. She eventually attended Johns Hopkins University in 1929, continuing her studies in zoology and genetics.
Carson completed her master's in zoology in June of 1932, and went to work at a local radio station. Here she wrote educational broadcasts for a weekly radio show called Romance Under the Waters. This led her to her job at the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries, and she became just the second woman to be employed by the bureau.
In 1951, Carson had her book The Sea Around Us published, which explains the complexity of the ocean to non-scientists. Carson wrote the book with poetry and science, and she intended to spark her readers a sense of the fragility of the world's ecosystem. The Sea Around Us made Carson the voice of public science in America, an internationally recognised authority on the oceans, and established her reputation as a nature writer of the first rank.
In 1962, Carson became well-known when her most famous book Silent Spring was published. This book described the negative effects of pesticides on the environment. Her concern over pesticides dates back to the 1940s, but no one would take it seriously until this book was finally published. On April 14th, 1964, Carson passed away due to a heart attack but her work on preserving the environment has continued to this day. Silent Spring was even republished in 1994 with an introduction from then vice-president Al Gore.
1. What do we know about Carson’s early life
A. She was a big fan of St. Nicholas.
B. She worked part-time at a radio station.
C. She pursued the sciences in high school.
D. She moved to Springdale at the age of 10.
2. According to the text, The Sea Around Us ________.
A.is a science book for professionals
B. was published after Carson passed away
C. aimed to raise public environmental awareness
D. has made Carson a fiction writer of international significance
3. What might be Al Gore's attitude towards Silent Spring
A. Critical.
B. Ambiguous.
C. Sceptical.
D. Approving.
4. Which words can best describe Carson
A. Talented and responsible.
B. Independent but serious.
C. Reliable and courageous.
D. Determined but proud.
B
体裁:说明文 题材:介绍说明 词数：329 难度：中 建议用时：8分钟
［辽宁六校 2020 高二联考］NAO, the first robot able to show feelings, has been created by a European research team. When NAO is sad, he lowers his head and looks down. When he's happy, he raises his arms for a hug. Nothing is out of the ordinary, except that NAO is a robot.
"We're modelling the first year of life," says Lola Canamero, a computer scientist at the University of Hertfordshire. " The feelings are shown through physical gestures and body movements rather than facial or verbal （言语的）expressions."
In the future, says the scientist, robots are likely to act as companions, provide support for old people, and help people shop online. In these situations, the display of emotions, will be important in making the interaction （相互作用）more natural and comfortable.
NAO has been programmed to copy the emotional skills of a one-year-old child. It can memorise faces, and knows the basic rules of good and bad. Based on these it can decide how to react to what is going on. The actions going with each feelings are pre-programmed, but NAO decides for itself when to play them.
NAO is also programmed to have different personalities. A more independent robot is less likely to call for help when exploring a room, while a more fearful robot will show distress if it finds something in the room that may be harmful.
Canamero's team will take its emotional programming forward into medical applications. Part of the project will look at ways to use robots in hospitals to support the roles of doctors, nurses and parents.
Children might find that a small, friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious. "We want to explore different roles-the robots will help the children to understand their treatment and explain what they have to do. We want to help the children to control their anxiety," she says.
1. According to the text, what do we know about NAO
A. It displays different feelings in different situations.
B. It is able to imitate adults, emotional displays.
C. It can remember people's feelings.
D. It learns emotions from facial expressions.
2. What can we learn from the text
A. Scientists worked on facial and spoken expressions to create NAO's emotions.
B. The time when NAO displays feelings has been pre-programmed.
C. Emotional programming is used in medicine production.
D. Robots with emotional skills can help children feel more comfortable.
3. What does the underlined word "distress" in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A. Courage.
B. Anxiety.
C. Anger.
D. Satisfaction.
4. What is the text mainly about
A. The relationship between humans and robots.
B. The roles that robots play in different fields.
C. The first robot able to show feelings.
D. The long history of robots.
二、刷7选5
体裁：说明文 题材：介绍说明词数：328 难度：中 建议用时：7分钟
[河南郑州八校2021高二期中]There have been a lot of comments recently surrounding 5G，the next generation of wireless technology. 1 ？How might it change our lives？
5G stands for “the fifth generation"，meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system. Earlier “G” systems were designed to improve mobile communication operations. Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity（容量）. 2 . It is expected to permit more users to do more things at a faster rate.
However, technology experts say there is a major way that 5G is different from the earlier systems. 3 . It will affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.
5G will help fuel future “smart cities" by connecting sensor networks.5G is also expected to connect self-driving cars and support new technologies involving virtual reality（虚拟现实）. Higher 5G speeds could also permit doctors to commonly perform remote medical operations. Factories and businesses could use 5G technology to increase automation and improve the collection of information.
4 . The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data. In addition, the wider use of a 5G wireless network means any breakdown of the system would have more widespread and severe results. Such difficulties could affect public safety. 5 , or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash.
A. Why is 5G so popular
B. What is this technology
C. Every coin has two sides
D. The new 5G system promises more of the same
E. It will move beyond mobile network technology
F.A breakdown of 5G networks may cause economic losses
G.A failure during a doctor's remote operation could lead to death
答案解析
刷阅读理解
A
【语篇导读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了著名作家蕾切尔·卡逊的生平。
1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的By the age of 10，she had published her first story in St.Nicholas.She would often read this magazine，as well as many others that concerned with the natural world.可知，蕾切尔·卡逊很早就是《圣尼古拉杂志》的狂热粉丝。故选A项。
2.C推理判断题。由题干中的The Sea Around Us可快速定位到第四段的内容。根据句子 Carson wrote the book with poetry and science，and she intended to spark her readers a sense of the fragility of the world's ecosystem.可以推测出，蕾切尔·卡逊写这本书的目的是提高民众的环境保护意识。故选C项。
3.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的 Silent Spring was even republished in 1994 with an introduction from then vice-president Al Gore.可以推测出，当时的副总统艾伯特·戈尔对《寂静的春天》这本书的态度是非常认可和支持的。故选D项。
4.A推理判断题。根据第三段中的she became just the second woman to be employed by the bureau 可知蕾切尔·卡逊很有才华；根据第五段中的 Her concern over pesticides dates back to the1940s和but her work on preserving the environment has continued to this day可知，蕾切尔·卡逊很有责任心。故选A项。
B
【语篇导读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了由一个欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够通过动作表达感情的机器人NAO，该团队希望能将它的情感程序应用到医学领域。
1.A细节理解题。根据第一段中的When NAO is sad，he lowers his head and looks down.When he's happy，he raises his arms for a hug.可知，当NAO生气时，它会低下头，当它开心时，它会伸出手要求拥抱，这说明NAO能在不同情况下表达不同的情绪。故选A项。
2.D细节理解题。根据第六段中的Children might find that a small，friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional states makes them less anxious.可知，如果孩子们有一个小小的、友好的又能够理解他们情感状态的机器人陪着的话，他们可能就不会那么焦虑了，也就是说具有情感技能的机器人可以帮助孩子们感觉更放松。故选D项。
3.B词义猜测题。前面提到一个更独立的机器人在探索房间时很少寻求帮助，是独立完成任务的。句中的while表示对比，由此可以判断，后面是说一个胆怯的机器人如果在房间里发现可能有害的东西时会表现出焦虑（的情绪）。故选B项。
4.C主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句NAO，the first robot able to show feelings，has been created by a European research team.和全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了由一个欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够表达感情的机器人NAO。故选C项。
刷7选5
【语篇导读】本文为说明文，介绍了5G技术及其优点，同时也介绍了5G技术存在的安全风险。
1.B分析文章结构可知，本文属于“总一分”结构，文章主要就第一段的两个问题展开，根据第二段中的5G stands for“the fifth generation"，meaning the next step in the progression of technology to replace the current 4G system.可知，第一个问题是关于5G技术的概念，故选B项。
2.D根据前一句Each new technology brought major improvements in speed and greatly increased network capacity.可知，每一项新的通信技术都会提升速度，扩大网络容量，本句介绍新技术的作用，D选项指出了5G会带来更多的东西，其中的of the same与前一句呼应，符合语境，故选D项。
3.E根据后一句It will affect many more devices and industries than other “G” versions.可知，与其他四代的通信相比，5G会影响更多的设备和产业，E选项指出它的发展将超过手机网络技术，后一句进一步说明该句，符合语境，故选E项。
4.C根据后文The increased data flow across 5G networks would give Internet attackers a lot more possibilities to steal and misuse data.可知，本段主要讲述5G技术可能存在的风险，故选C项。
5.G根据后面的or a network breakdown could cause self-driving vehicles to crash可知，网络故障可能会导致自动驾驶汽车出车祸，故此处介绍的是5G技术对公共安全可能造成的不利影响，G选项指出一个医生远程手术过程中的故障可能造成死亡，与空后内容相呼应，符合语境，故选G项。
8 / 8