人教版（2019）高中英语选择性必修第二册 Unit2 Bridging Cultures单元语法详解课件(共19张PPT)

(共19张PPT)
Unit 2 Bridging cultures
单元语法详解
人教版新教材选择性必修二
本单元重点语法
→名词性从句
…… her tutor explained that she must acknowledge what
other people had said if she cited their ideas.（教材 P14）
b. At first, Xie Lei had no idea what she should say, but what
surprised her was that she found herself speaking up in class
after just a few weeks.(教材 P15)
c. What seemed strange before now appears quite normal to
her. (教材 P15)
d. It’s important that Xie Lei keeps a balance between her
studies and her social life.(教材 P17)
◆ 原句再现
●名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
因这四种从句在句中具有名词性特征，因此，统称为名词性从句。
名词性从句是历年高考的热点，敬请引起重视！
◆ 名词性从句的含义
◆ 名词性从句引导词的判断与选择
●名词性从句的引导词很多，归纳起来可分为以下三类：
定义 功能 例词
连词 起连接作用，不充当句子成分 that, if, whether
连接代词 起连接作用，又在从句中作主、宾、表和定语 who,whom,whose,which,what…
连接副词 起连接作用，又在从句中作状语 where, when, why
● 有意连词：有其特定的含义，请观察以下连词
※ what 表“……的内容”；when 表“…什么时候”；where表 “…在哪儿”；why 表“为什么…”；how 表 “怎样…” ； who 表“谁、哪一个”；which 表“哪一个、哪一些”； if / whether 表“是否”
● 无意连词：没有实际意义的连词。无意连词只有 that 一个，在引导宾语从句时 that 可以省略，但是在引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句时一般不省略，请观察以下真题
a. I was surprised by her words, which made me recognize ______ silly mistakes I had make
what B. that C. how D. which
b. I think father would like to know _______ I’ve been up to so far, so I decide to send him a quick note. A. which B. why C. what D. how
A
c
※ 解题技巧：先分析名词性从句的意义是否完整，确定使用有意连词还是无意连词，然后根据从句所缺含义和成分确定连词。
◆ 从句中的语序
● 在名词性从句中, 从句中一律使用陈述语句语序, 特别要注意由连接代词和连接副词引导的从句，请切勿受特殊疑问句的影响而用疑问句语序，请观察以下句子
a. I wonder who she is .
b. The question is when we’ll complete the project.
c. Whether she’s coming or not doesn’t matter too much .
●真题再现
a. Someone is ringing the doorbell . go and see _____.
A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is
D
b. He asked ______ for the violin.
A. did I pay how much B. I paid how much
C. how much did I pay D. how much I paid
D
◆ 从句中的时态：在名词性从句中，要注意从句谓语动词与主句谓语动词的时态一致关系
● 在宾语从句中，当主句是一般现在时时, 宾语从句可以根据需要可用一般现在时、现在完成时、一般将来时等多种时态，请观察以下句子
a. Mary says that Tom isn’t lazy.
b. Mary says Tom is doing well in his lessons.
c. Mary says she will ask Mr. Wu to give Tom some work.
d. Mary says Tom may fall behind the other students
e. Mary says she has finished her homework ahead of time.
※ 真题再现
As soon as he comes back ,I’ll tell him when _________ and see him
A. you will come B. will you come
C. you come D. do you come
A
● 如果主句谓语动词是一般过去时, 则宾语从句需用过去的某种时
态, 请观察以下句子
a. She said that she missed us very much.
b. She said she was writing a letter.
c. She said she would visit the Great Wall
d. She said she had done her job by five o’clock yesterday afternoon.
※ 真题
a. Susan decided not to work on the program at home because she
didn’t want her parents to know what she ______
A. has done B. had done C. was doing D. is doing
b. He kept looking at her, wondering whether he _____her somewhere.
A. saw B. has seen C. sees D. had seen
C
D
●如果 宾语从句表示的是客观真理，其谓语动词则仍用一般现在时,
请观察以下句子
a. The teacher said that light travels much faster than sound.
b. Mr. Smith told us that the earth turns around the sun.
● 在主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中、也要注意从句谓语动词与从句谓语动词的时态一致性, 关键要注意动作发生的先后关系,请观察以下句子
a. Who will be sent aboard has not been decided.
b. The earth of today is not what it was millions of years ago.
◆ 从句中的虚拟语气：在某些宾语从句、主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句中，谓语动词需用虚拟语气。
● 表示“要求、命令、建议”之类的动词后接宾语从句, 从句谓语要用“ should + 动词原形”, should 可省略。 这样的词有两个“ 命令”：order command ；四个“建议”： suggest/advise / propose/
recommend ；六个“要求” demand/ request/require/ insist / urge /
desire, 请观察以下句子
a. The guard at the gate insist that everybody (should) obey the rules.
b. He suggested we (should) try again.
c. He demanded that he (should )be sent to work there.
※ 温馨提示：动词 suggest 作“ 暗示、表明 ”, insist 作“ 坚持说
”时，其后的宾语从句中的谓语动词要根据实际情况决定。请观察
以下句子
a. The look on her face suggested that she was very angry.
b. The Arab insisted that he had never seen the camel.
●动词 wish 后面的宾语从句，谓语动词用过去式，表示与现在事实
相反的一个 愿望；用“had + done”，表示与过去事实相反的一种愿
望或已经发生的一件遗憾事情； 用 would /might /could +动词原形
“表示与将来事实相反或不可能实现的愿望。请观察以下句子
a. I wish I remembered her address now.
b. I wish I had seen you yesterday.
c. She wishes she would try again.
※考题再现
I wish I you yesterday.
A seen B. did see C. had seen D. were to see
C
● 主语从句中的虚拟语气
※ 在“ It is /was + 形容词（或过去分词）+ 主语从句”句型中, 从句的动词形式不论人称和数，都可用“ should +动词原形 ”结构， should 可省略。常见形容词有necessary, important, strange, natural suggested, ordered, required等，请观察以下句子
a. It is necessary that he (should) be sent there at once .
b. It has been suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.
c. It is ordered that the meeting (should) be held at once.
d. It has been required that these people (should) leave the school.
● 表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟语气
※ 在表示“意愿、要求、命令、建议”等词之后的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词用“should + 动词原形”形式，should 可省略。这类名词有：proposal, suggestion, order, advice, requirement 等 , 请观察以下句子
a. My suggestion is that the meeting (should )be put off .
b. The professor gave an order that the test be finished before 5:30.
e. His proposal is that the children (should) be protected right away.
d. The government reacted to villagers’ requirement that more trees
(should) be planted on the mountain every year.
◆易混连接词辨析
● that 与 what
在名词性从句中，what 和 that 都可作引导词，其区别在于：what 在从句要充当某个成分（主语、宾语 或 表语）因此, 在任何情况下
都不能省略，表示“什么；所…的事（物、话）”相当于 the thing that; 而 that本身没有词汇意义，在从句中不充当任何成分，宾语从句中 that 可省略，请观察以下句子
a. What you have done might do harm to others
b. What caused the accident is a complete mystery .
c. I think (that) you will like the stamp.
d. My idea is (that )we should get more comrades to do the work.
e. What surprised us most is that he refused the chance to go to Qing
Hua University.
※ 真题再现
a. ______We can’t get seems better than _______ we have .
A. what; what B. what; that C. that; what D. that; what
b. _______ made the school proud was ______ more than 90% of the
student had been admitted to key universities.
A. what; because B. what; that C. that; what D. that; because
A
B
● Whether 和 if 都可以引导名词性从句,表示“是否”,一般 情况下
, 用 whether不用 if .
※ 介词后的宾语从句用 whether,不用 if , 请观察下面句子
Everything depends on whether the situation will improve .
※在 whether or not 结构中，不用 if 代替 whether, 请观察下面句子
I don’t know whether or not he’ll come.
※引导主语从句和表语从句用 whether不用 if , 请观察以下句子
a. Whether we’ll go depends on the weather.
b. The question is whether it is worth doing.
※ whether可用在不定式之前，if 则不能 , 请观察下面句子
Please tell us whether to go or stay.
※ 真题再现
a. ____we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather
A. if B. whether C. that D. where
b. What the doctors really doubt is ________ my mother will recover from the serious disease soon.
A. when B. how C. whether D. why
B
C
● Because 与 why
Because 与 why 均可引导表语从句, 但含义不同 Because 引导表语从
句说明前面的一个现象所产生的理由, 而 why引导的表语从句是在
前面已说明了理由的情况下,对一个现象加以小结, 请观察下面句子
He was ill .That is why he was late for school.(前面已说明了理由, why
从句对一个现象加以小结）
◆ that引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别
●that引导同位语从句通常放在 fact, news, idea, promise, hope,order
,belief, thought, reply, truth, suggestion, advice, proposal等抽象名词
之后，对名词做进一步解释或补充说明，说明这些名词“是什么内容”,而 that引导定语从句相当于形容词，对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用, 请观察以下句子
a. I told him the news that Mr. Wu would teach us English
this term. （同位语从句）
b. I told him the news that surprised him very much.
（定语从句）
c. I have no idea what I should do next. (同位语从句)
d. This is a good idea that helped us a lot. (定语从句)
That’s all!
Thank you!