人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit3 Food and Culture Learning About Language and Using Language 能力提升练(含解析）
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| 名称 | 人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit3 Food and Culture Learning About Language and Using Language 能力提升练(含解析） |  | |
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Unit3 Learning About Language and Using Language 能力提升练
I.阅读理解
（2020江西南昌第二中学高二月考）
In America，bread or salad plates are to the left of the main plate，and drinking glasses are to the right. If small bread knives are present，lay them across the bread plate with the handle pointing to the right.
Modern etiquette（礼仪）provides the smallest numbers and types of utensils（用具）necessary for dining. Only utensils which are to be used for the planned meal should be set. For example，if a spoon is not necessary for dinner，it should not be set，and if a salad is not being served, a salad fork should not be set. Even if needed, hosts should not have more than three utensils on either side of the plate before a meal；the necessary silverware may be brought with later courses.
In restaurants，a standard complement（全套）of knife，fork，spoon，and salad fork may be set. If salad is being served first, the salad fork should be further from the plate than the main course fork，both on the left. The soup spoon is further from the plate than the main course spoon and knife，on the right, Dessert utensils（dessert fork and teaspoon）should be placed above the main plate or served with dessert. Restaurants and cafeterias may not follow these settings for convenience，and the diner should simply use the appropriate utensil for each course.
If a wine glass and a water glass are present，the wine glass is on the right directly above the knife. The water glass is at a 45 degree angle to the wine glass to the left and toward the edge of the table. Glasses designed for certain types of wine may be set if available. If only one type of glass is available，it is considered correct regardless of the type of drinks provided.
1.How to place bread knives in America
A. Across the bread plate to the right of the main plate.
B. Across the bread plate to the left of the main plate.
C. Across the drinking glasses to the left of the main plate.
D. Across the drinking glasses to the right of the main plate.
2. Paragraph 2 mainly deals with the topic that now _____.
A. as few utensils as possible are placed on the table
B. as many utensils as possible are placed on the table
C. only one kind of utensil is placed on the table
D. no proper utensils are needed on the table
3. From the passage we can learn that in America _____.
A. the salad fork should be placed u the right of the main course
B. the dessert fork has to be placed before dessert is served
C. the wine glass is at a 90 degree angle to the water glass
D. sometimes people may not follow the table etiquette
II.完形填空
Meeting your family’s nutritional needs may seem difficult considering today’s busy lifestyle. But it doesn’t have to 1 . Even a new emphasis 2 more fruit and vegetables doesn’t necessarily mean more preparation time if you 3 the convenience of canned foods.
When you open a 4 of fruit or vegetables at home you have fresh-packed nutritional produce al hand, with no man-made ingredients and no preservatives（防腐剂）.And all the work has been 5 for you：the slicing，the peeling，even the cooking. Canned fruit and vegetables leave you the
6 to be creative. And with the variety of fruit and vegetables available these days，you can serve different combinations, create new dishes，and 7 new tastes to old recipes. Canned foods are good as well. A United States Department of Agriculture and National Nutritional Foods Association co-sponsored study shows canned vegetables to be just as 8 as fresh or frozen. Because canned vegetables are 9 within hours of being packed，they generally retain（保留）70 to 90 percent of their nutrient.
Fruit and vegetables canning is as 10 as your grandmother “stores up” tomatoes and other things from the garden. Fresh produce is taken from the field at just the right time，11 to the cannery（罐头食品厂），checked，washed，sealed，and sterilized（消毒）.All this generally 12 in less than 24 hours to 13 the best quality and nutritional value without the need for any preservatives.
Use the liquids that vegetables are 14 in as a substitute for water in recipes to get that last drop of good nutrition.
Most major brands of canned fruit and vegetables include nutritional 15 and ingredient statements on their labels. This is especially important to those on calorie-conscious or restricted diets.
l. A. do B.be C. seem D. need
2. A. on B.to C. about D. over
3. A. pay attention to B. get hold of C. have faith in D. take advantage of
4.A. bowl B. bottle C. can D. box
5.A. prepared B. done C. designed D. arranged
6.A. demand B. time C. patience D. place
7.A. increase B. decrease C. put D. add
8.A. good B. bad C. colorful D. eco-friendly
9.A. cooked B. fried C. processed D. boiled
10.A. simple B. complex C. quick D. convenient
11.A. delivered B. carried C. brought D. presented
12.A. comes B. happens C. goes D. takes
13.A. ensure B. remain C. promote D. produce
14.A.put B. stored C. canned D. buried
15.A. element B. content C. detail D. percentage
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020辽宁阜新实验中学高二月考）
In North America，people are always in 1 hurry. Children usually have special lessons or sports activities after school. Parents often work late and 2 （get）home until 7 or o’clock at night. Most North American families don’t have time to prepare a meal. That is 3 fast food is so popular in North America. People spend about 40% of their dollars on fast food.
People usually buy fast food from restaurant chains 4 as Pizza Hut. McDonald’s，and KFC, 5 they can enjoy pizza，sandwiches，sausages, 6 （fry）chicken，and so on. Fast food saves time, but it is not nutritious.
Although fast food 7 (call) junk food, it is very popular in many countries. American fast food companies now have restaurants all over the world. But not everyone is happy about the spread of North American fast food. A group of people in Italy want to fight 8 the spread of American fast food. Overall, they don’t like the idea of 9 (many) fast food chains 10 (open) restaurants in their country.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____
6. _____ 7. _____ 8. _____ 9. _____ 10. _____
参考答案及解析：
I.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在美国，人们在吃饭时餐具的摆放有一定的规则。面包或色拉盘、酒杯、刀、叉等都有一定的位置。虽然现代的美国人不像以前那样，但在正式的社交场合，人们仍遵循一定的餐具摆放礼仪。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，面包盘位于主盘的左侧，而面包刀需要放在面包盘上。故选B。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段的主题句即第一句可知，按照现代餐桌礼仪，只需要为人们提供就餐时所需要的餐具，并且尽可能减少餐具的数量和种类。故选A。
3.D 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可以推断出，饭店和自助餐厅为了方便，有时可以不遵循餐具摆放礼仪。故选D。
II.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了罐头食品的优势。
1.B 前面部分为 may seem difficult，seem是系动词，设空处所在句是省略句，重复时，以be代替，完整形式为 But it doesn’t have to be difficult.。
2. A emphasis后面常跟on表示强调某一方面。
3. D take advantage of为固定搭配，意为“利用”。
4. C 全文说的是罐装食品，所以此处应用can。a can of意为“一罐”。
5. B 罐装食品把所有的工作都已经为你做好了（done）：切片、去皮，甚至烹饪。
6. B 罐装水果和蔬菜给你留下了创造的时间。time符合文意。
7. D 此处指把新的味道添加到旧的食谱中。add...to...为固定用法，意为“把……添加到……中去”。
8. A as...as.为一种同级比较结构，此处指“罐装蔬菜与新鲜蔬菜或冷冻蔬菜一样好（good）”。
9. C 罐装蔬菜在几小时以内就被加工（processed）装入罐中。
10. A 把水果和蔬菜进行罐装就像你的祖母“贮存”西红柿或园里的其他东西一样简单（simple）。
11. A 新鲜农产品采摘后被运送（delivered）到罐头食品厂。
12. B 这些过程都发生（happens）在24小时内。
13. A 这些过程都发生在24小时内以保证最好的质量和营养价值。ensure意为“保证”。
14. C 把罐装（canned）蔬菜的液体替代食谱中的水以获得最后一滴好营养。
15. B 大多数罐装水果和蔬菜的主要品牌的标签上都有关于营养成分（content）和原料的说明。nutritional content指营养成分。
Ⅲ.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章讲到北美洲的人总是匆匆忙忙的，因而快餐很受欢迎。如今北美快餐已在世界上的很多国家变得流行起来，但并非每个人都喜欢北美快餐的扩展。
1.a 考查固定搭配。in a hurry意为“匆忙”。
2.don’t get 考查固定用法。此处指父母直到晚上7点或8点才回家。not...until...意为“直到…...才……”，此处因为get为实义动词，故需要借助助动词，所以填don’t get。
3.why 考查表语从句。结合上文语境可知，这里解释快餐受欢迎的原因，故填why。
4.such 考查固定搭配。通过空格后的内容可知，此处表示举例，such as为固定搭配，意为“例如”。
5.where 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant chains，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填 where。
6.fried考查过去分词。此处需填过去分词形式修饰名词chicken fried chicken意为“炸鸡”。
7.is called 考查动词的时态和语态。call 与 fast food之间为被动关系，结合上下文语境可知用一般现在时。故填 is called。
8.against 考查介词。fight against.意为“抗争……，与……斗争”。
9.more 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，他们不喜欢在他们国家开更多的快餐连锁店。
10.opening 考查非谓语动词。fast food chains与open之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。
I.阅读理解
（2020江西南昌第二中学高二月考）
In America，bread or salad plates are to the left of the main plate，and drinking glasses are to the right. If small bread knives are present，lay them across the bread plate with the handle pointing to the right.
Modern etiquette（礼仪）provides the smallest numbers and types of utensils（用具）necessary for dining. Only utensils which are to be used for the planned meal should be set. For example，if a spoon is not necessary for dinner，it should not be set，and if a salad is not being served, a salad fork should not be set. Even if needed, hosts should not have more than three utensils on either side of the plate before a meal；the necessary silverware may be brought with later courses.
In restaurants，a standard complement（全套）of knife，fork，spoon，and salad fork may be set. If salad is being served first, the salad fork should be further from the plate than the main course fork，both on the left. The soup spoon is further from the plate than the main course spoon and knife，on the right, Dessert utensils（dessert fork and teaspoon）should be placed above the main plate or served with dessert. Restaurants and cafeterias may not follow these settings for convenience，and the diner should simply use the appropriate utensil for each course.
If a wine glass and a water glass are present，the wine glass is on the right directly above the knife. The water glass is at a 45 degree angle to the wine glass to the left and toward the edge of the table. Glasses designed for certain types of wine may be set if available. If only one type of glass is available，it is considered correct regardless of the type of drinks provided.
1.How to place bread knives in America
A. Across the bread plate to the right of the main plate.
B. Across the bread plate to the left of the main plate.
C. Across the drinking glasses to the left of the main plate.
D. Across the drinking glasses to the right of the main plate.
2. Paragraph 2 mainly deals with the topic that now _____.
A. as few utensils as possible are placed on the table
B. as many utensils as possible are placed on the table
C. only one kind of utensil is placed on the table
D. no proper utensils are needed on the table
3. From the passage we can learn that in America _____.
A. the salad fork should be placed u the right of the main course
B. the dessert fork has to be placed before dessert is served
C. the wine glass is at a 90 degree angle to the water glass
D. sometimes people may not follow the table etiquette
II.完形填空
Meeting your family’s nutritional needs may seem difficult considering today’s busy lifestyle. But it doesn’t have to 1 . Even a new emphasis 2 more fruit and vegetables doesn’t necessarily mean more preparation time if you 3 the convenience of canned foods.
When you open a 4 of fruit or vegetables at home you have fresh-packed nutritional produce al hand, with no man-made ingredients and no preservatives（防腐剂）.And all the work has been 5 for you：the slicing，the peeling，even the cooking. Canned fruit and vegetables leave you the
6 to be creative. And with the variety of fruit and vegetables available these days，you can serve different combinations, create new dishes，and 7 new tastes to old recipes. Canned foods are good as well. A United States Department of Agriculture and National Nutritional Foods Association co-sponsored study shows canned vegetables to be just as 8 as fresh or frozen. Because canned vegetables are 9 within hours of being packed，they generally retain（保留）70 to 90 percent of their nutrient.
Fruit and vegetables canning is as 10 as your grandmother “stores up” tomatoes and other things from the garden. Fresh produce is taken from the field at just the right time，11 to the cannery（罐头食品厂），checked，washed，sealed，and sterilized（消毒）.All this generally 12 in less than 24 hours to 13 the best quality and nutritional value without the need for any preservatives.
Use the liquids that vegetables are 14 in as a substitute for water in recipes to get that last drop of good nutrition.
Most major brands of canned fruit and vegetables include nutritional 15 and ingredient statements on their labels. This is especially important to those on calorie-conscious or restricted diets.
l. A. do B.be C. seem D. need
2. A. on B.to C. about D. over
3. A. pay attention to B. get hold of C. have faith in D. take advantage of
4.A. bowl B. bottle C. can D. box
5.A. prepared B. done C. designed D. arranged
6.A. demand B. time C. patience D. place
7.A. increase B. decrease C. put D. add
8.A. good B. bad C. colorful D. eco-friendly
9.A. cooked B. fried C. processed D. boiled
10.A. simple B. complex C. quick D. convenient
11.A. delivered B. carried C. brought D. presented
12.A. comes B. happens C. goes D. takes
13.A. ensure B. remain C. promote D. produce
14.A.put B. stored C. canned D. buried
15.A. element B. content C. detail D. percentage
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2020辽宁阜新实验中学高二月考）
In North America，people are always in 1 hurry. Children usually have special lessons or sports activities after school. Parents often work late and 2 （get）home until 7 or o’clock at night. Most North American families don’t have time to prepare a meal. That is 3 fast food is so popular in North America. People spend about 40% of their dollars on fast food.
People usually buy fast food from restaurant chains 4 as Pizza Hut. McDonald’s，and KFC, 5 they can enjoy pizza，sandwiches，sausages, 6 （fry）chicken，and so on. Fast food saves time, but it is not nutritious.
Although fast food 7 (call) junk food, it is very popular in many countries. American fast food companies now have restaurants all over the world. But not everyone is happy about the spread of North American fast food. A group of people in Italy want to fight 8 the spread of American fast food. Overall, they don’t like the idea of 9 (many) fast food chains 10 (open) restaurants in their country.
1. _____ 2. _____ 3. _____ 4. _____ 5. _____
6. _____ 7. _____ 8. _____ 9. _____ 10. _____
参考答案及解析：
I.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。在美国，人们在吃饭时餐具的摆放有一定的规则。面包或色拉盘、酒杯、刀、叉等都有一定的位置。虽然现代的美国人不像以前那样，但在正式的社交场合，人们仍遵循一定的餐具摆放礼仪。
1.B 细节理解题。根据第一段可知，面包盘位于主盘的左侧，而面包刀需要放在面包盘上。故选B。
2.A 细节理解题。根据第二段的主题句即第一句可知，按照现代餐桌礼仪，只需要为人们提供就餐时所需要的餐具，并且尽可能减少餐具的数量和种类。故选A。
3.D 推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可以推断出，饭店和自助餐厅为了方便，有时可以不遵循餐具摆放礼仪。故选D。
II.语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了罐头食品的优势。
1.B 前面部分为 may seem difficult，seem是系动词，设空处所在句是省略句，重复时，以be代替，完整形式为 But it doesn’t have to be difficult.。
2. A emphasis后面常跟on表示强调某一方面。
3. D take advantage of为固定搭配，意为“利用”。
4. C 全文说的是罐装食品，所以此处应用can。a can of意为“一罐”。
5. B 罐装食品把所有的工作都已经为你做好了（done）：切片、去皮，甚至烹饪。
6. B 罐装水果和蔬菜给你留下了创造的时间。time符合文意。
7. D 此处指把新的味道添加到旧的食谱中。add...to...为固定用法，意为“把……添加到……中去”。
8. A as...as.为一种同级比较结构，此处指“罐装蔬菜与新鲜蔬菜或冷冻蔬菜一样好（good）”。
9. C 罐装蔬菜在几小时以内就被加工（processed）装入罐中。
10. A 把水果和蔬菜进行罐装就像你的祖母“贮存”西红柿或园里的其他东西一样简单（simple）。
11. A 新鲜农产品采摘后被运送（delivered）到罐头食品厂。
12. B 这些过程都发生（happens）在24小时内。
13. A 这些过程都发生在24小时内以保证最好的质量和营养价值。ensure意为“保证”。
14. C 把罐装（canned）蔬菜的液体替代食谱中的水以获得最后一滴好营养。
15. B 大多数罐装水果和蔬菜的主要品牌的标签上都有关于营养成分（content）和原料的说明。nutritional content指营养成分。
Ⅲ.语篇解读：本文是说明文。文章讲到北美洲的人总是匆匆忙忙的，因而快餐很受欢迎。如今北美快餐已在世界上的很多国家变得流行起来，但并非每个人都喜欢北美快餐的扩展。
1.a 考查固定搭配。in a hurry意为“匆忙”。
2.don’t get 考查固定用法。此处指父母直到晚上7点或8点才回家。not...until...意为“直到…...才……”，此处因为get为实义动词，故需要借助助动词，所以填don’t get。
3.why 考查表语从句。结合上文语境可知，这里解释快餐受欢迎的原因，故填why。
4.such 考查固定搭配。通过空格后的内容可知，此处表示举例，such as为固定搭配，意为“例如”。
5.where 考查定语从句。设空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词restaurant chains，关系词在从句中作地点状语，故填 where。
6.fried考查过去分词。此处需填过去分词形式修饰名词chicken fried chicken意为“炸鸡”。
7.is called 考查动词的时态和语态。call 与 fast food之间为被动关系，结合上下文语境可知用一般现在时。故填 is called。
8.against 考查介词。fight against.意为“抗争……，与……斗争”。
9.more 考查形容词的比较级。根据语境可知，他们不喜欢在他们国家开更多的快餐连锁店。
10.opening 考查非谓语动词。fast food chains与open之间为主动关系，故用现在分词形式。