人教版（2019）选择性必修第二册 Unit3 Listening and Reading and Thinking 知识-清单破(含答案）
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Unit 3 Listening and Speaking and Reading and Thinking 知识清单破
I.核心单词
（A）写作词汇一写词形
1.______ n.菜肴；风味；烹饪
2.______adj.先前的；优先的
3.______adj.最低（限度）的；最小的 n.最小值；最少量
4.______n.脾气；火气
5.______n.食堂；餐厅
6.______n.自助餐厅；自助食堂
7.______adv.有点；稍微
8.______n.夫人；女士
9.______n.卡路里（热量单位）
10.______n.类别；种类
11.______n.纤维；纤维制品
12.______n.数量；数额
13.______adj.完美的；理想的；想象的n.理想；完美的人（或事物）
14.______adj.根木的；基础的；基本的n基本规律；根本法则
15.______ⅵ & ⅵ咀嚼；嚼碎n.咀嚼
16.______n.诀窍；计谋；把戏
17.______adv.总体上；大致上adj.全面的；综合的
18.______n.（饭后）甜点
19.______vt.填满；把……塞进n.东西；物品
20.______n.烹饪法：食谱
21.______n.厨师；主厨
22.______n.（尤指烹饪）材料；成分
（B）阅读词汇一明词义
1.pepper n.______
2.bold adj.______
3.peppercorn n.______
4.vinegar n.______
5.slice n.______ vt.______
6. onion n.______
7. lamb n.______
8. dim sum n.______
9. vegetarian n.______
10. junk n.______
11. garlic n.______
12. bacon n.______
13. ham n.______
14. sausage n.______
15. cabbage n.______
16. bean curd n.______
17. brand n.______
19. dough n.______
20. bun n.______
21. modest adj.______
22.chilli n.______
23. pork n.______
24. pearl n.______
25. vitamin n.______
26.daily adj.______ n.______
27.moderation n.______
（C）拓展词汇—灵活用
1. ______ adj.特别的；罕见的→ ______ n.例外；一般情况以外的人（或事物）→______ conj.除了；只是 prep.除……之外
2. ______ v吃；喝；饮；消耗→ ______ n.消费者；顾客；用户→ ______ n.消费；消耗；消耗量
3. ______ n.协会；关联→______ ν.联系；联想
4.______ adv.不顾；不加理会→______ v.看待 n.注意；关心；尊敬；问候
5.______ vi.由……组成（或构成）→______ 一致的；连续的
6.______adj.稳定的；稳重的→______n.稳（性）；稳固（性）→______ v.（使）稳定，稳固
7.______adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的→______ n.高雅；典雅；优雅
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.___________在……之前的
2.___________由……组成（或构成）
3.slice...off___________
4.___________垃圾食品
5.___________不管；不顾
6.___________与……相关；参考；查阅；提到谈及
7.___________与……有关
8.___________另一方面
9.hand in hand___________
10.___________至少
11.contribute to___________
12.___________谋生
13.___________处理；对付
14.___________关上
15.___________出发；动身；引起；使爆炸
16.___________与......不同
17.make up ___________
18.cut down on___________
19.cut out___________
20.as with___________
21 end up___________
22.___________此外
23.start with___________
24.on the right track___________
25. ___________换句话说
26.red braised pork___________
Ⅲ.经典结构
1.人如其食。
You are _____ _____ _____.
2.后来，通过来中国我有机会体验真正的中国
食物。
Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food _____ _____ _____ _____.
3.又累又饿，而且一句汉语也不会，我们不知道如何点餐，于是厨师就开始在我们桌上摆满食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜。
_____, _____, and _____ _____ a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
4.然而，越来越多的证据表明，造成不良健康的真正推手并非脂肪含量高的食物，而实际上是糖。
However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, _____ _____ _____ sugar.
5.加工食品经常包含较少的营养，并且比新鲜食材含有更多的糖分、盐和脂肪。
Processed foods often contain less nutrition，and have _____ _____ _____ sugar, salt, and fat _____ fresh ingredients.
6最后，健康饮食的基本要诀是慢慢吃。
Finally，a fundamental key to healthy eating is _____ _____ _____.
7.决定想要怎样生活，以及对你的日常饮食做出正确的决定，取决于你。
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ how you want to live，and to make the right decisions about your diet.
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1.For example，America’s most popular Chinese dish is general Tso’s chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers
分析：which引导的是________ 从句，修饰
General Tso’s chicken。两个过去分词短语covered in a sweet sauce 和 flavoured with hot red peppers作_______，修饰 fried chicken。
句意：例如，美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左公鸡，这道菜是由裹着甜酱、以辛辣的红辣椒调味的炸鸡构成。
2.And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease as people who receive less than 10% a day（Journal of the American Medical Association，2014）
分析：句中两个who都是引导_____从句。该句中涉及了倍数表达法：倍数+as+形容词+as。
句意：并且在美国，从糖中摄取日常卡路里的25%或更多的人死于心脏病的可能性是那些一天摄取量低于10%的人的两倍（《美国医学会杂志》，2014）。
3.What this means is that people who chew too quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry.
分析：该主从复合句中 What this means是一个_____从句；而that引导_____从句，其中又含有由who引导的_____从句和由 because引导的_____从句。
句意：这意味着，咀嚼太快的人最终会吃太多的 食物，因为他们仍旧觉得饿。
V.必备语法
过去完成时及其被动语态
L The chef _________（set）up a farm-to-table restaurant before his new cookbook was published.
2.They _________（finish）their dinner by the time Sam joined them.
3.Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that _________（change）to suit American tastes.
4.A Sichuan restaurant _________（recommend）to us by a friend，and finally，we found it.
参考答案：
(A)1. cuisine 2. prior 3. minimum 4. temper 5. canteen 6. cafeteria 7. somewhat
8. madam 9. calorie 10. category 11. fiber 12. quantity 13. ideal 14. fundamental
15. chew 16. trick 17. overall 18. dessert 19. stuff 20. recipe 21. chef 22. ingredient
（B）1.甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉 2.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的 3.胡椒粒 4.醋
5.（切下的食物）薄片；把切成薄片 6.洋葱；葱头 7.羊羔肉；羔羊
8.点心（中国食品） 9.素食者 10.无用的东西 11.蒜 12.熏猪肉；咸肉
13.火腿 14.香肠；腊肠 15.甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜 16.豆腐 17.品牌 18.油橄榄；橄榄树 19.生面团 20.圆面包；小圆甜饼
21.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的 22.辣椒 23.猪肉 24.珍珠 25.维生素 26.奶制的；乳品（业）的乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂 27.适度；合理
（C）1.exceptional；exception；except 2.consume；consumer; consumption 3.association；associate 4.regardless; regard 5.consist；consistent
6.stable；stability；stabilize 7.elegant；elegance
II.1.prior to 2.consist of 3.切下 4. junk food 5.regardless of 6.refer to 7.be related to 8.on the other hand 9.手拉手；密切关联 10.at a minimum/at least 11.有助于；捐献；带来，促成 12.earn one’s living 13.deal with 14.switch off 15. set off 16.be different from 17.组成；弥补；化妆；编造
18.削减；缩小（尺寸、数量或数目） 19.戒除 20.正如
21.最终成为；最后处于 22. in addition 23.以……开始
24.思路正确；做法对路 25. in other words 26.红烧肉
III.1.what you eat 2.by coming to China 3.Tired；hungry；not knowing 4.as it is 5.higher quantities of ；than 6. to eat slowly 7. It is up to you to decide
Ⅳ.1.非限制性定语；后置定语
2.定语
3.主语；表语；定语；原因状语
V.1.had set 2. had finished 3.had been changed
4.had been recommended
I.核心单词
（A）写作词汇一写词形
1.______ n.菜肴；风味；烹饪
2.______adj.先前的；优先的
3.______adj.最低（限度）的；最小的 n.最小值；最少量
4.______n.脾气；火气
5.______n.食堂；餐厅
6.______n.自助餐厅；自助食堂
7.______adv.有点；稍微
8.______n.夫人；女士
9.______n.卡路里（热量单位）
10.______n.类别；种类
11.______n.纤维；纤维制品
12.______n.数量；数额
13.______adj.完美的；理想的；想象的n.理想；完美的人（或事物）
14.______adj.根木的；基础的；基本的n基本规律；根本法则
15.______ⅵ & ⅵ咀嚼；嚼碎n.咀嚼
16.______n.诀窍；计谋；把戏
17.______adv.总体上；大致上adj.全面的；综合的
18.______n.（饭后）甜点
19.______vt.填满；把……塞进n.东西；物品
20.______n.烹饪法：食谱
21.______n.厨师；主厨
22.______n.（尤指烹饪）材料；成分
（B）阅读词汇一明词义
1.pepper n.______
2.bold adj.______
3.peppercorn n.______
4.vinegar n.______
5.slice n.______ vt.______
6. onion n.______
7. lamb n.______
8. dim sum n.______
9. vegetarian n.______
10. junk n.______
11. garlic n.______
12. bacon n.______
13. ham n.______
14. sausage n.______
15. cabbage n.______
16. bean curd n.______
17. brand n.______
19. dough n.______
20. bun n.______
21. modest adj.______
22.chilli n.______
23. pork n.______
24. pearl n.______
25. vitamin n.______
26.daily adj.______ n.______
27.moderation n.______
（C）拓展词汇—灵活用
1. ______ adj.特别的；罕见的→ ______ n.例外；一般情况以外的人（或事物）→______ conj.除了；只是 prep.除……之外
2. ______ v吃；喝；饮；消耗→ ______ n.消费者；顾客；用户→ ______ n.消费；消耗；消耗量
3. ______ n.协会；关联→______ ν.联系；联想
4.______ adv.不顾；不加理会→______ v.看待 n.注意；关心；尊敬；问候
5.______ vi.由……组成（或构成）→______ 一致的；连续的
6.______adj.稳定的；稳重的→______n.稳（性）；稳固（性）→______ v.（使）稳定，稳固
7.______adj.精美的；讲究的；文雅的→______ n.高雅；典雅；优雅
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.___________在……之前的
2.___________由……组成（或构成）
3.slice...off___________
4.___________垃圾食品
5.___________不管；不顾
6.___________与……相关；参考；查阅；提到谈及
7.___________与……有关
8.___________另一方面
9.hand in hand___________
10.___________至少
11.contribute to___________
12.___________谋生
13.___________处理；对付
14.___________关上
15.___________出发；动身；引起；使爆炸
16.___________与......不同
17.make up ___________
18.cut down on___________
19.cut out___________
20.as with___________
21 end up___________
22.___________此外
23.start with___________
24.on the right track___________
25. ___________换句话说
26.red braised pork___________
Ⅲ.经典结构
1.人如其食。
You are _____ _____ _____.
2.后来，通过来中国我有机会体验真正的中国
食物。
Later, I had a chance to experience authentic Chinese food _____ _____ _____ _____.
3.又累又饿，而且一句汉语也不会，我们不知道如何点餐，于是厨师就开始在我们桌上摆满食物，那是我们吃过的最可口的饭菜。
_____, _____, and _____ _____ a word of Chinese, we had no idea how to order, so the chef just began filling our table with the best food we had ever eaten.
4.然而，越来越多的证据表明，造成不良健康的真正推手并非脂肪含量高的食物，而实际上是糖。
However, there is increasing evidence that the real driver of poor health is not so much fatty food, _____ _____ _____ sugar.
5.加工食品经常包含较少的营养，并且比新鲜食材含有更多的糖分、盐和脂肪。
Processed foods often contain less nutrition，and have _____ _____ _____ sugar, salt, and fat _____ fresh ingredients.
6最后，健康饮食的基本要诀是慢慢吃。
Finally，a fundamental key to healthy eating is _____ _____ _____.
7.决定想要怎样生活，以及对你的日常饮食做出正确的决定，取决于你。
_____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ _____ how you want to live，and to make the right decisions about your diet.
Ⅳ.长难句分析
1.For example，America’s most popular Chinese dish is general Tso’s chicken, which consists of fried chicken covered in a sweet sauce, flavoured with hot red peppers
分析：which引导的是________ 从句，修饰
General Tso’s chicken。两个过去分词短语covered in a sweet sauce 和 flavoured with hot red peppers作_______，修饰 fried chicken。
句意：例如，美国最受欢迎的中国菜是左公鸡，这道菜是由裹着甜酱、以辛辣的红辣椒调味的炸鸡构成。
2.And in America，people who receive 25% of their daily calories or more through sugar are twice as likely to die from heart disease as people who receive less than 10% a day（Journal of the American Medical Association，2014）
分析：句中两个who都是引导_____从句。该句中涉及了倍数表达法：倍数+as+形容词+as。
句意：并且在美国，从糖中摄取日常卡路里的25%或更多的人死于心脏病的可能性是那些一天摄取量低于10%的人的两倍（《美国医学会杂志》，2014）。
3.What this means is that people who chew too quickly end up eating too much food because they still feel hungry.
分析：该主从复合句中 What this means是一个_____从句；而that引导_____从句，其中又含有由who引导的_____从句和由 because引导的_____从句。
句意：这意味着，咀嚼太快的人最终会吃太多的 食物，因为他们仍旧觉得饿。
V.必备语法
过去完成时及其被动语态
L The chef _________（set）up a farm-to-table restaurant before his new cookbook was published.
2.They _________（finish）their dinner by the time Sam joined them.
3.Prior to coming to China，my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that _________（change）to suit American tastes.
4.A Sichuan restaurant _________（recommend）to us by a friend，and finally，we found it.
参考答案：
(A)1. cuisine 2. prior 3. minimum 4. temper 5. canteen 6. cafeteria 7. somewhat
8. madam 9. calorie 10. category 11. fiber 12. quantity 13. ideal 14. fundamental
15. chew 16. trick 17. overall 18. dessert 19. stuff 20. recipe 21. chef 22. ingredient
（B）1.甜椒；灯笼椒；胡椒粉 2.大胆自信的；敢于冒险的 3.胡椒粒 4.醋
5.（切下的食物）薄片；把切成薄片 6.洋葱；葱头 7.羊羔肉；羔羊
8.点心（中国食品） 9.素食者 10.无用的东西 11.蒜 12.熏猪肉；咸肉
13.火腿 14.香肠；腊肠 15.甘蓝；卷心菜；洋白菜 16.豆腐 17.品牌 18.油橄榄；橄榄树 19.生面团 20.圆面包；小圆甜饼
21.些许的；谦虚的；朴素的 22.辣椒 23.猪肉 24.珍珠 25.维生素 26.奶制的；乳品（业）的乳制品；乳品店；牛奶厂 27.适度；合理
（C）1.exceptional；exception；except 2.consume；consumer; consumption 3.association；associate 4.regardless; regard 5.consist；consistent
6.stable；stability；stabilize 7.elegant；elegance
II.1.prior to 2.consist of 3.切下 4. junk food 5.regardless of 6.refer to 7.be related to 8.on the other hand 9.手拉手；密切关联 10.at a minimum/at least 11.有助于；捐献；带来，促成 12.earn one’s living 13.deal with 14.switch off 15. set off 16.be different from 17.组成；弥补；化妆；编造
18.削减；缩小（尺寸、数量或数目） 19.戒除 20.正如
21.最终成为；最后处于 22. in addition 23.以……开始
24.思路正确；做法对路 25. in other words 26.红烧肉
III.1.what you eat 2.by coming to China 3.Tired；hungry；not knowing 4.as it is 5.higher quantities of ；than 6. to eat slowly 7. It is up to you to decide
Ⅳ.1.非限制性定语；后置定语
2.定语
3.主语；表语；定语；原因状语
V.1.had set 2. had finished 3.had been changed
4.had been recommended